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Experiment # 10

The document describes implementing the Fast Decoupled Method for power flow analysis in MATLAB. It defines power flow analysis and the Fast Decoupled Method, which approximates that real power depends mainly on voltage angles and reactive power depends mainly on voltage magnitudes. It provides the circuit diagram and MATLAB code to calculate the bus voltage using this method by iterating to minimize the mismatch between scheduled and calculated real and reactive powers. The output displays the converged voltage angle for buses 2 and 3 and voltage magnitude for bus 2.

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Hafeez Ali
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55 views5 pages

Experiment # 10

The document describes implementing the Fast Decoupled Method for power flow analysis in MATLAB. It defines power flow analysis and the Fast Decoupled Method, which approximates that real power depends mainly on voltage angles and reactive power depends mainly on voltage magnitudes. It provides the circuit diagram and MATLAB code to calculate the bus voltage using this method by iterating to minimize the mismatch between scheduled and calculated real and reactive powers. The output displays the converged voltage angle for buses 2 and 3 and voltage magnitude for bus 2.

Uploaded by

Hafeez Ali
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Experiment # 10

Objective: -
Implementation of Fast Decoupled Method to perform power flow analysis on MATLAB.

Definitions: -
The definition of power flow analysis, Fast Decoupled Method, and way to implement this, is
given following: -

Power Flow Analysis: -


In power engineering, the power flow study or load flow study, is a numerical analysis of the
flow if electric power in an interconnected system. A power flow study usually uses simplified
notations such as a one-line diagram and per unit system, and focuses in various aspects of AC power
parameters, such as voltages, voltages angles, real power and reactive power. It analyzes the power
systems in normal steady state operations.

Power flow or load flow studies are important for planning future expansion of power systems
as well as in finding the best operation of existing systems. The principle information obtained from the
power flow study is the size and phase angle of the voltage at each bus, and the real and reactive power
flowing in each line.

Commercial power systems are usually too complex to allow for hand solution of the power
flow. Special purpose network analyzers were built between 1929 and the early 1960s to give a
laboratory scale physical models of power systems. Large scale digital computers replaced the analog
methods with numerical solutions.

Typical Power System


Figure 10.1
In addition to power flow study, computer programs perform related calculations such as sort
circuit fault analysis, stability studies, unit commitment and economic dispatch. In particular, some
programs use linear programming to find the optimal power flow, the conditions which give the lowest
cost per kilowatt hour delivered.

A load flow study is especially valuable for a system with multiple load centers, such as a
refinery complex. The complex power flow study is an analysis of the systems capability to supply the
connected load. The total system losses, as well as individual lines losses, are also tabulated.
Transformer tap positions are selected to ensure the correct voltage at critical locations such as motor
control centers. Performing a load flow study on existing system gives insight and recommendations as
to the system operation and magnitude and phase angles. Furthermore, power flow computations are
crucial for optimal operations of groups of generating units.

Fast Decoupled Method: -


Power system transmission lines have a very high X / R ratio. For such a system, real power
changes ∆P are less sensitive to changes in the voltages magnitude and most sensitive to changes in
angle and are most sensitive to changes in phase angle ∆δ. Similarly, reactive power is less sensitive to
changes in angle and are mainly dependent on changes in voltage magnitude. Therefore, it is reasonable
to set certain elements of Jacobian matrix to zero.

ΔP = J
[ ΔQ ] [ 0 J0 ][ ΔΔδ|V |]
1

Circuit Diagram: -

Circuit Diagram
Figure 10.2

Procedure: -
To attain the desired objective, we will follow following procedure: -

i. First, open MATLAB software on computer.


ii. Then open the new script.
iii. Then enter the given code in the new script, to find the nodal voltage.
iv. After executing the given code, we can get out desired output.

Code: -

% Determining the bus impedances

z12=0.02+0.04i;

z23=0.0125+0.025i;

z13=0.01+0.03i;

% Determining the bus voltages

v1=1.05+0i;

v2=1.00+0i;

v3=1.04+0i;

% Determining bus delta

delta1=0;

delta2=0;

delta3=0;

% Determining bus power

bus2=400+250i;

bus3=200;

% Determining bus base power

base=100;

% Determining scheduled power

sch2=-bus2/base;
sch3=bus3/base;

% Determining the bus admittances

y12=1/z12;

y23=1/z23;

y13=1/z13;

% Determining the Ybus

Ybus=[y12+y13,-y12,-y13;-y12,y12+y23,-y23;-y13,-y23,y13+y23];

% In the above Ybus, bus-1 is a slack bus & the corresponding bus susceptance matrix for evaluation
of phase angles delta-2 & delta-3 is:

B_d=[imag(Ybus(2,2)),imag(Ybus(2,3));imag(Ybus(3,2)),imag(Ybus(3,3))];

% By finding the inverse

B_d_inv=B_d^-1;

% Building iteration loop

iterations=6;

for i=1:1:(iterations+1)

% By finding real & reactive powers at respective busses

P2=(abs(v2)*abs(v1)*abs(Ybus(2,1))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,1))-delta2+delta1))+
(abs(v2^2)*abs(Ybus(2,2))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,2))))+
(abs(v2)*abs(v3)*abs(Ybus(2,3))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,3))-delta2+delta3));

P3=(abs(v3)*abs(v1)*abs(Ybus(3,1))*cos(angle(Ybus(3,1))-delta3+delta1))+
(abs(v3)*abs(v2)*abs(Ybus(3,2))*cos(angle(Ybus(3,2))-delta3+delta2))+
(abs(v3^2)*abs(Ybus(3,3))*cos(angle(Ybus(3,3))));

Q2=-(abs(v2)*abs(v1)*abs(Ybus(2,1))*sin(angle(Ybus(2,1))-delta2+delta1))-
(abs(v2^2)*abs(Ybus(2,2))*sin(angle(Ybus(2,2))))-
(abs(v2)*abs(v3)*abs(Ybus(2,3))*sin(angle(Ybus(2,3))-delta2+delta3));

% By finding power residules

d_P2=real(sch2)-P2;

d_Q2=imag(sch2)-Q2;

d_P3=real(sch3)-P3;

% By implementing fast decoupled method


fdp=(-B_d_inv)*[(d_P2/v2);(d_P3/v3)];

% Since bus-3 is regulated bus, the corresponding row & column of B' are eliminated & we get:

B_dd=-52;

V2=-(1/B_dd)*(d_Q2/v2);

% After first iteration

del2=fdp(1);

del21=delta2+fdp(1);

del3=fdp(2);

del31=delta3+fdp(2);

v21=v2+V2;

% Initiating new iteration

delta2=del21;

delta3=del31;

v2=v21;

end

delta2

delta3

v2

Output: -

delta2 =
-0.0469
delta3 =
-0.0087
v2 =
0.9713

Conclusion: -

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