Chapter Exercise:: Week Assignments 5-3

Week Assignments 5-3
Chapter Exercise:
A. Create a set of use cases for the process of buying glasses from the
viewpoint of the patient. But don't bother to identify the major
steps within each use case. (Just complete the information at the
top of use case). The first step is to see an eye doctor who will give
you a prescription. Once you have a prescription, you go to a
glasses store, where you select your frames and place the order for
your glasses. Once the glasses have been made, you return to the
store for a fitting and pay for the glasses. (Create one use case)
go to doctor
go to glasses store
do eyesight examination
choose frame
patient
place an order of the frame depend on your prescription
doctor
give a prescription
return to store once it finished
pay for glasses
Omnyah Abdullah
1
B. Create a set of use cases for the following dentist office system.
But don't bother to identify the major steps within each use case.
(Just complete the information at the top of use case). When new
patients are seen for the first time, they complete patient
information form that asks for their name, address, phone
number, and brief medical history which are stored in the patient
information file. When patient calls to schedule a new
appointment or change an existing appointment, the receptionist
checks the appointment file for an available time. Once a good
time is found for the patient, the appointment is scheduled. I f the
patient is new patient, an incomplete entry is made in the patient
file; the full information will be collected when the patient arrives
for the appointment. Because the appointments are often made far
in advance; the receptionist usually mails a reminder postcard for
each patient two weeks before the appointment. (Create two use
cases)
Checks the appointment file for available time

call to schedule a new appt
Schedule an appt
Send a remainder postcard mail 2 weeks before appt
Arrives for appt

recipient
Collect full info.
patient
Complete patient info. form
Store forms in the info. file.
Dentist office system
new patient
Omnyah Abdullah
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6. Explain the following terms. Use layperson’s language, as though

you were describing them to a user: actor; use case; system boundary;
relationship.
Actor: The actor is someone (or occasionally something) outside the
system that provides information or things (inputs) that the system needs,
receives some or all of the things or information (outputs) that the system
creates, or the actor can both supply and receive things or information
.from the system
Use case: A use case is a description of what the system does from the
perspective of the user. Since systems can often do many things, the use
case often includes a central activity of the system but also shows the
many variations that can occur under different circumstances or when
.varied users interact with it in different ways
System boundary: The system boundary is the dividing point between those
items that are included in the system and those that are not. In terms of
information technology, the boundary separates the parts of a job that are
done by the application from those that are done by humans. In terms of
the entire information system that includes both the humans and
applications working together to solve business problems, the boundary
can be fuzzier. For the efficient development of new systems, however,
the boundary shows what the programmers must include and what they
.should not include in the framework of the project
Relationship:Use cases are not independent and standalone items in most

examples. Pairs (or more) of use cases can be related can be associated --
for example there can be communication between an actor and a use case.
Use cases can be extended such that a normal flow of events can be
extended to another use case showing an alternate or exceptional flow.
An include relationship shows that one or more use case is a part of
another more encompassing use case. Finally, a generalization
relationship shows that a use case is a specialized example of a more
general case
:There are four basic types of relationships
1. Association relationship documents the communication that
takes place between the use case and the actors that use the
use case.
2. Include relationship represents the mandatory inclusion of
another use case. The include relationship enables functional
decomposition—the breaking up of a complex use case into
several simpler ones.
Omnyah Abdullah
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3. Extend relationship represents the extension of the

functionality of the use case to incorporate optional behavior
.
4. Generalization relationship allows use cases to support
inheritance
14. What is the difference between a control flow and an object flow?
A control flow shows:

a) The sequence of execution through a business process
b) It is represented by a solid line with an arrowhead on it showing the
direction of the flow
c) These can be attached only to actions or activities.
An object flow shows:

a) The flow of an object from one activity (or action) to another activity
(or action)
b) They are depicted as a dashed line with an arrow on it showing the
direction of the flow
c) An individual object flow must be attached to an action or activity on
one end and an object node on the other end.
17. How does an essential use case differ from a real use case?
An essential use case is one that describes only the minimum essential issues necessary to
understand the required functionality.
A real use case goes farther and describes a specific set of steps.
For example, an essential use case in a doctor office might say that the receptionist should
attempt to match the patient’s desired appointment times with the available times, whereas
a real use case might say that the receptionist should look up the available dates on the
calendar using MS Exchange to determine if the requested appointment times were
available.
 The primary difference is that essential use cases are implementation

independent, whereas real use cases are detailed descriptions of how to use the
system once it is implemented. Thus real use cases tend to be used only in the
design, implementation, and testing.
Omnyah Abdullah
4
If she chooses abstract language that is relatively free of technology and design
assumptions and user interface details, then the use case is essential.
If, on the other hand, she specifies concrete steps that assume technology and
design commitments and details about the user interface, the use case is real.
18. What are the major elements of an overview use case?
It takes the basic information such as : its name, ID number, primary

actor, type, and a brief description and the relationships .
22. Which of the following could be an actor found on a use case

diagram? Why?
Ms. Mary Smith
Supplier
Customer
Internet customer
Mr. John Seals
Data entry clerk
Database administrator
In the above cases either of the ones listed below could perform the
role of an actor.
a) Ms. Mary Smith

b) Customer
c) Internet Customer
d) Mr. John Seals.
The reason being, an actor is not a specific user, but a role that a user can
play while interacting with the system. An actor can also represent
another system in which the current system interacts. In this case, the
actor optionally can be represented by a rectangle with <<actor>> and the
name of the system. Basically, actors represent the principal elements in
the environment in which the system operates. Actors can provide input
to the system; receive output from the system, or both. Sometimes an
Omnyah Abdullah
5
actor plays a specialized role of a more general type of actor. For

example, there may be times when a new patient interacts with the system
in a way that is somewhat different than a general patient. In this case, a
specialized actor (i.e., new patient) can be placed on the model, shown
using a line with a hollow triangle at the end of the more general actor
(i.e., patient). The specialized actor will inherit the behavior of the more
general actor and extend it in some way.
Omnyah Abdullah
6

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Week Assignments 5-3

return to store once it finished

pay for glasses

Checks the appointment file for available time

Send a remainder postcard mail 2 weeks before appt

Arrives for appt

Dentist office system

6. Explain the following terms. Use layperson’s language, as though

Relationship:Use cases are not independent and standalone items in most

3. Extend relationship represents the extension of the

A control flow shows:

An object flow shows:

 The primary difference is that essential use cases are implementation

18. What are the major elements of an overview use case?

It takes the basic information such as : its name, ID number, primary

22. Which of the following could be an actor found on a use case

Ms. Mary Smith

Mr. John Seals

Data entry clerk

a) Ms. Mary Smith

actor plays a specialized role of a more general type of actor. For

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