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    Principle of Duality

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    Sanskriti Mehrotra
    The document discusses the principle of duality in electrical networks. Some key points: 1) Duality means that current and voltage can be considered as either independent or dependent variables in a circuit, with the relationships between elements remaining the same. 2) Common dual elements include resistors/conductors, inductors/capacitors, closed switches/open switches, meshes/nodes. 3) Two networks are considered dual if the mesh equations of one network are equal to the node equations of the other, with variables like voltage and current interchanged. 4) Examples show dual RLC networks and how their equations remain the same under duality transformations, demonstrating the principle.

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    Principle of Duality

    Uploaded by

    Sanskriti Mehrotra
    3K views7 pages
    The document discusses the principle of duality in electrical networks. Some key points: 1) Duality means that current and voltage can be considered as either independent or dependent variables in a circuit, with the relationships between elements remaining the same. 2) Common dual elements include resistors/conductors, inductors/capacitors, closed switches/open switches, meshes/nodes. 3) Two networks are considered dual if the mesh equations of one network are equal to the node equations of the other, with variables like voltage and current interchanged. 4) Examples show dual RLC networks and how their equations remain the same under duality transformations, demonstrating the principle.

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    PRINCIPLE OF DUALITY

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    The document discusses the principle of duality in electrical networks. Some key points: 1) Duality means that current and voltage can be considered as either independent or dependent variables in a circuit, with the relationships between elements remaining the same. 2) Common dual elements include resistors/conductors, inductors/capacitors, closed switches/open switches, meshes/nodes. 3) Two networks are considered dual if the mesh equations of one network are equal to the node equations of the other, with variables like voltage and current interchanged. 4) Examples show dual RLC networks and how their equations remain the same under duality transformations, demonstrating the principle.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    3K views7 pages

    Principle of Duality

    Uploaded by

    Sanskriti Mehrotra
    The document discusses the principle of duality in electrical networks. Some key points: 1) Duality means that current and voltage can be considered as either independent or dependent variables in a circuit, with the relationships between elements remaining the same. 2) Common dual elements include resistors/conductors, inductors/capacitors, closed switches/open switches, meshes/nodes. 3) Two networks are considered dual if the mesh equations of one network are equal to the node equations of the other, with variables like voltage and current interchanged. 4) Examples show dual RLC networks and how their equations remain the same under duality transformations, demonstrating the principle.

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    of 7

    PRINCIPLE OF DUALITY

    WWW.ELECTRICAL4U.COM/DUAL-NETWORK
    CONCEPT OF DUALITY
    There are Electric circuits where the Voltage is taken as an independent variable and current as the
    variable dependent on voltage. There is no reason why we cannot take the current as independent
    and voltage as dependant variables. This property leads to the concept of duality and the circuits are
    called dual circuits. e.g., current and voltage are duals. Similarly circuit elements exhibit the property
    of Duality. Networks also follow this principle. The equations representing the relationship between
    the currents and the voltages in such networks are of identical mathematical form.

    Table of Dual Elements

    Element Dual Element

    Electrical Resistance; V=IR Conductance; I=G V

    Inductance; v=L di/dt Capacitance; i=C dv/dt

    Switch Closed Switch Open

    Mesh Node
    What is a Dual Network?
    Two electrical networks are said to be dual networks if the mesh equations of one network is equal to
    the node equation of other.
    The dual network are based on Kirchhoff Current Law and Kirchhoff Voltage Law.

    Applying Kirchhoff Voltage Law in the network A, above we get,


    Applying Kirchhoff Current Law in the network B, above we get,

    Here we have found that equation (i) and (ii) are similar in their mathematical form. Equation (i) is in mesh
    form and equation (ii) is in nodal form. Here, left side variable of equation (i) is voltage and left side variable
    of equation (ii) is current. Similarly, right side of equation (i) is product of current and total impedance of the
    circuit and right side of equation (ii) is the product of voltage and admittance of the circuit. So, these two
    networks are dual network. From, the examples it is also clear that dual networks may not be equivalent
    networks. The circuit equation of two dual networks are similar in form but the variables are interchanged.
    Examples of Dual Network
    Let us consider series RLC circuit as shown below.

    Applying Kirchhoff Voltage Law in this circuit, we get,

    Let us replace all the variables and constants by their dual in the equation. By doing that,
    we get,
    The electrical network drawn by the circuit equation (iv), would be

    This is nothing but Kirchhoff Current Law. As per definition of dual network, the
    network C and network D are dual to each other.
    1/ Y1= (1/ YA x 1/ YB)/ (1/ YA+1/ YB+1/ YC)
    Y1= (1/ YA+1/ YB+1/ YC) / (1/ YA x 1/ YB)

    Y1= (YB YC+ YA YC+ YA YB)/ YC


    Y2= (YB YC+ YA YC+ YA YB)/ YA
    Y3= (YB YC+ YA YC+ YA YB)/ YB

    The Equations given above prove that T& 𝜋 are dual networks

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