Cachila,Helna V.

Stage 1
Infancy

Too much____________ Too much____________

Maladaptation Psychosocial Crisis Malignancy

Sensory Maladjustment. Trust vs. Mistrust Withdrawal

Virtue
Hope

In this stage is so relatable in real life. In fact that some babies I’ve encountered
cried when somebody stranger to their sight will carry them they will cry, and when their
mother will get them back they will feel comfortable again. This shows that they are
developing trust with their mother. They feel safe with the person they trust.

Stage 2
Childhood (From about
eighteen months to three
or four years old.)
Too much____________ Too much____________

Maladaptation Psychosocial Crisis Malignancy

Impulsiveness Autonomy vs. Shame And Compulsiveness
Doubt

Virtue
Willpower or
Determination
 This is a “me do it” stage. I could relate this stage when we learn to eat using
spoon with ourselves. By this act we are developing both self-control and self-esteem. If
our parents come down hard on any attempt to thought us to be independent in eating
by own, we might lose our will and determination to learn and ended up depending
always on them.

Stage 3
Early childhood stage,
(from three or four or five
or six years old.)

Too much____________ Too much____________

Maladaptation Psychosocial Crisis Malignancy

Ruthlessness Initiative vs Guilt Inhibition

Virtue
Courage

By learning to plan and achieve goals while interacting with others, preschool
children can master this task. A simple example of this in my childhood days is creating
a small house made from wood trunks and banana leaves with my friends. Playing and
imagining that we are a family who lived there.
 Stage 4
The school-age stage
when the child is from
about six to twelve years
old.
Too much____________ Too much____________

Maladaptation Psychosocial Crisis Malignancy

Narrow virtuosity Industry vs. Inferiority Inertia

Virtue
Competency

We begin to compare ourselves with our peers to see how we measure up .

Maybe I could relate this way back in my elementary days where I joined poster making
contest. I have the eagerness to win, therefore I’m competent in that time.

Stage 5
Adolescence

Too much____________ Too much____________

Maladaptation Psychosocial Crisis Malignancy

Fanaticism Ego identity vs. Role Repudiation
confusion ______

Virtue
Fidelity

This would be probably when we reach puberty with questions

such as “Who am I?” and “What do I want to do with my life?”.
 Stage 6
Young adulthood (which
lasts from about 18 to
about 30 years old).
Too much____________ Too much____________

Maladaptation Psychosocial Crisis Malignancy

Promiscuity Intimacy vs. Isolation Exclusion

Virtue
Love

Probably in this stage we are ready to share our life with others. I
could relate this when I think or share with friends about marriage or about life in the
near future. We also develop love and respect to all who those are near to our heart.

Stage 7
Middle Adulthood

Too much____________ Too much____________

Maladaptation Psychosocial Crisis Malignancy

Overextension Generativity vs. Stagnation Rejectivity

Virtue
Care
 I can say that this stage is that middle-aged adults begin contributing to
the next generation. When we are raised by our parents to be a better citizen in the future. I can
relate this to the Filipino quote “Ang kabataan ang pag-asa ng bayan” which is in fact educating
teens to be the hope of the future or the next generation. By raising their children they develop
care, the care for their child and the care for the future.

Stage 8
Late Adulthood or Maturity

Too much____________ Too much____________

Maladaptation Psychosocial Crisis Malignancy

Presumption Ego Integrity vs. Despair Disdain

Virtue
Wisdom

I can say that people who feel proud of their accomplishments feel a sense of integrity,
and they can look back on their lives with few regrets. I could relate this to the late Sulu
and North Borneo Sultan Jamalul Kiram III, he’s already old but continuing to bring back
the land of Sabah to the Philippines and to his administrative areas. Way back in 2013,
his royal army invaded Sabah and clashed with the Malaysian forces. Unfortunately his
plan to take over Sabah failed but he did not surrender and not satisfied until the day he
died. His wisdom and courage to take over the missing piece of their ancestral land until
now is going on and no plans to back out even though the Sultan died.

Direction: Read the moral dilemma below and answer the questions in not more than
100 words with a minimum of 30 words only.

Ryan, 17, has been saving up money to buy a ticket for this concert of rock band.
His parents have discouraged him from going as the concert will surely be with a rowdy
crowd. The band is notorious for having out-of-control audience who somehow
manages to get drunk and stoned during the concert. Ryan agreed not to watch
anymore. But a day before the concert, Nic, 15-year-old brother of Ryan, saw a corner
of what appeared to be a concert ticket showing in the pocket of Ryan’s bag. Nic
examined it and confirmed it was indeed a ticket. Looking at Ryan’s bag, Nic also found
an extra shirt and 2 stick of marijuana. So he figured Ryan will go to the concert after all.
That night, Ryan told his parents that he was spending tomorrow right at a classmate’s
house for a school requirement. Then later that evening, he told Nic of his plan to go to
the concert. Nic did not say anything, but he found it difficult to sleep that night, thinking
whether to tell their parents or not.

RUBRIC:

GRAMMAR 30%
ORGANIZATION OF IDEAS 30%
CONTENT 40%
100%

1. If you were Nic, what would you do?

If I am Nic, honestly, I will tell my parents that my older brother lied to
them but my parents must not told Ryan that I told them what he did. All of this
things are for his good and safety.

2. Why you would choose to do that? What were the things you considered in
deciding what to do?

I did that because lying is not good. I’m motivated by fear of punishment of
my parents. Once our parents discovered what we hide, Ryan will not only suffer
the consequences but I also. The factors I considered for telling the truth is for
his good and safety and also the reputation of our parents. Whatever happens to
him will not be blamed to anyone, whatever uncertainties occurs, my parents
could track where he is. For this, my parents would discipline him that probably
he might not do the same thing again.

LEARNING TASK 6
SUPPLY ME
Direction: Identify the stage of moral development shown in the following:

Stage 3 1. Joy allows her classmate to copy her homework so that they will
think she is kind and will like her to be their friend.

Stage 1 __2. Ricky does everything to get passing grades because his Mom
will take his play station away if he gets bad grades.

Stage 5___3. A civic action group protests the use of pills for family planning,
saying that although the government allows this, it is actually murder because the
pills are abortifacient (causes abortion).

Stage 2_ _4. Jinky lets Hannah copy during their math test because Hannah
agreed to let her copy during their sibika test.

Stage 3 ___5. Karen decides to return the wallet she found in the canteen so
that people will praise her honesty and think she is such a nice girl.

Stage 6___6. John decides to return the wallet he found in the canteen because
he believes it is the right thing to do.

Stage 4___7. Lyka wears her ID inside the campus because she likes to follow
the school rules and regulations.

Stage 5 ___8. A jeepney driver looks if there is a policeman around before he u-

turns in a no u-turn spot.

Stage 6 __9. Liza volunteers to tutor children at-risk children in her community
for free so they will learn to love school and stay in school.

Stage 3 ___10. Little Riel behaves so well to get a star stamp from her teacher.
 LEARNING TASK 6
SUPPLY ME

1. As a child, recall a skill that you wanted to learn and eventually learned well,
through the help of another person. (like swimming, riding a bike, playing the
piano, skating, etc.)
I learned riding a bike with the help of my father. He scaffolds me in a way that
he holds the back part of my shirt until he let me go and bike for my self. After
repetitions of this practice, later on I could bike independently.

2. What made you interested to learn the skill?

Seeing other children and my friends biking made me also interested to bike with
them.

3. Who taught or assisted you?

My father

4. Describe how you went about learning the skill. Describe what steps or actions
the person did in order to help you learn.
 He let me ride the bike.
 He guides my hands.
 He holds the back part of my shirt.
 He let me paddle the bike while holding my back, for me to practice
balance.
 He now let me go and bike for myself.
This practice of learning the skill in biking repeats for how many days until I know how to
work it by myself.
 LEARNING TASK 7
REACT ON ME

1. Vygotsky always emphasized the role of cultural factors in cognitive

development. He also identified intellectual tools of adaptation which enable
individuals to acquire cognitive skills depending on what tools their culture
has made available for them. Read more about this and make a 250-word
reaction paper. Cite the source and link of your reference.

RUBRIC:

GRAMMAR 30%
ORGANIZATION OF IDEAS 30%
CONTENT 40%
100%

Vygotsky's theories stress the fundamental role of social interaction in the

development of cognition (Vygotsky, 1978), as he believed strongly that
community plays a central role in the  process of "making meaning." Unlike
Piaget's notion that childrens' development must necessarily precede their
learning, Vygotsky argued, "learning is a necessary and universal aspect of the
process of developing culturally organized, specifically human psychological
function" (1978, p. 90).  In other words, social learning tends to precede (i.e.,
come before) development.

Vygotsky's life also seemed consumed, consumed by passion, by his

theories, by searching for the truth, for knowledge. His theory argues that
cognitive abilities are socially guided and constructed. I can say that the
development of a child is guided by someone in order to come up with a new skill
or knowledge. As such, culture serves as a mediator for the formation
and development of specific abilities, such as learning, memory, attention, and
problem solving. Vygotsky has a point, I also experienced what he stated with his
stages, with the guidance of someone who instructed me to do such things.
Vygotzky also identified intellectual tools of adaptation which enable individuals
to acquire cognitive skills depending on what tools their culture has made
 available for them. The most important application of Vygotsky's theory to
education is in his concept of a zone of proximal development. This concept is
important because teachers can use it as a guide to a child's development,
through play, and imagination a child's conceptual abilities are stretched.

Social interaction plays a critical role in children's learning. Through such social
interactions, children go through a continuous process of learning.

Sources:

https://www.simplypsychology.org/vygotsky.html

https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007%2F978-0-387-79061-9_3054

LEARNING TASK 5
“LOOKING BACK”
Direction: Read the following questions. Recall your childhood. You may also ask your
parents for some information. Write your answers on the graphic organizer below.

Answer the following sentence completion items.

1. When I was 5 years old, my parents
used to encourage me in drawing,writing and coloring which was my first to show
my talent

2. As a child, my unforgettable playmates were

my neighborhood children and we became as one group.

3. When I was in elementary, I regularly watched the television show

anime like: Dragon Ball, Doraemon and Television series at night.

4. When I was growing up, we went to church in

San Isidro Labrador Parish of Luna

5. I cannot forget my teacher who

Motivates us by means of creating hardships for us to be trained to work hard till
we achieve our goals.

6. When I was growing up, I was away from

people with bad influence.

7. When I was in high school, I was close to

my friends which I treat as sisters

8. As a child, I can recall this big news about

the achievements which I gain in my childhood days.
9. The most serious challenge our family experienced was
The struggles during lockdown because of pandemic.

10. The most important thing that I learned from my elementary school was
valuing my friends because we may finish school because of team-up.
 Write each answer you give in the above questions in the circle where it
belongs.

Culture sub culture

Social class

Extended family

Family, church, school

ME!
Looking at your answers in the learning task above, describe how these people or
circumstances have influence your attitudes, behavior and habits. (Minimum of 30
words and a maximum of 100 words only).

RUBRIC:

GRAMMAR 30%
ORGANIZATION OF IDEAS 30%
CONTENT 40%
100%

Our childhood plays a greater role on how we develop into what we are now.
Past experiences and people around us impacted a big influence as we grow and as
what are we.

When I was 5 years old, my parents used to encourage me in drawing,writing and

coloring which was my first to show my talent, this improves my skills in arts as time
goes by. My friends became my influence of why I am so sociable and approachable,
they were my buddies in jokes and fun until I adopted their ways of having fun,
negotiable and productive thinker. My friends thought me unity, they were the inspiration
in my belief that unity is the best Church also molds my beliefs. School developed my
learning skill and lend me to pursue my goals in life. Teachers, mentors and parents
influences me on how to acquire good character. I have this ability that I cannot speak
any bad words. When I was a child, I was away from bad influences, so that I maintain
my dignity. In present, struggles caused by the pandemic thought me to be more
conservative on things and being thankful to God that we are still alive.

Past is past, throwback is going back through memories, but those moments in
life is what we are today.