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Impeller and Centrifugal Pump Output

The document discusses how impeller dimensions and design influence the output of centrifugal pumps. Key factors discussed include: - Impeller eye diameter (D1) - affects flow rate and NPSH requirements, with larger D1 resulting in higher flow but lower NPSHr. - Impeller outer diameter (D2) - directly relates to head/pressure, with larger D2 producing higher head/pressure. - Impeller outlet width - determines flow rate and the shape of flow-head and flow-power curves. - Impeller vane angle and number of blades - influence flow curves and efficiency.

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505 views2 pages

Impeller and Centrifugal Pump Output

The document discusses how impeller dimensions and design influence the output of centrifugal pumps. Key factors discussed include: - Impeller eye diameter (D1) - affects flow rate and NPSH requirements, with larger D1 resulting in higher flow but lower NPSHr. - Impeller outer diameter (D2) - directly relates to head/pressure, with larger D2 producing higher head/pressure. - Impeller outlet width - determines flow rate and the shape of flow-head and flow-power curves. - Impeller vane angle and number of blades - influence flow curves and efficiency.

Uploaded by

ejzuppelli8036
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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How Impeller influence Centrifugal Pump output?

Impeller dimensions and its effect on Hydraulics


Eye Diameter D1: it dictates how much flow pump can handle
and NPSH requirement.
Higher D1 → Higher Flow
Higher D1 → Lower NPSHr
Outside Diameter D2: It has direct relation with head or
pressure
Higher D2 → Higher Head → Higher Pressure
Impeller Outlet width: It decide the flow, slope of the Flow-
Head curve and the shape of the Flow-power curve.
Higher b2 → Higher Flow
Impeller inlet diameter to outer diameter ratio

1.5 < < 3.5 → Radial Flow impeller

1.1 < < 1.5→ Mixed flow Impeller


Flow Vs Head Flow Vs Power
= 1→ Axial Flow Impeller
More than single impeller and hydraulics output
Arrangement of Impeller in parallel: It develops higher flow

Total Flow = Flow by Single impeller X No. of Impellers


Total Head = Head developed by single impeller

Arrangement of Impeller in series: It develops higher head.

Total Head = Head by Single impeller X No. Of Impellers


Total Flow = Flow developed by single impeller

Impeller trimming and its impact on hydraulics output


Trimming Or use of higher size impeller

Sharpening of impeller vanes

Overfiling: removal of metal on the leading face of the vanes.


This technique has the additional advantage of restoring the
vane exit angle to near that of the maximum impeller design
(i.e., before the diameter was reduced).

Underfiling: Sharpening the underside of the trailing edge of


the vane can enlarge the outlet area of the liquid channel. This
will generally result in about 5 percent head near the best
efficiency point (BEP), depending on the outlet vane angle. At
least 1/8 inch of vane tip thickness must be left. Sharpening the
vanes also improves the efficiency slightly.
Kirit Domadiya
How Impeller influence Centrifugal Pump output?
Impeller vane angle and number of blades
Number of blades

Increase in number of blades → Q-H curve steeper

Increase in number of blades → Efficiency reduced

Impeller blade vane angle (applicable for Backward vanes)

Blade angle decreases → Steepness of the head–flow curve


increases

Impeller types according to the construction


Impeller construction: Open, Semi open, Closed

Closed impeller → More efficient, More strength, for clean


fluid
Open Impeller → Can handle solid, slurry application, No wear
ring required so less efficiency degradation, easy to
manufacture
Specific speed and Impeller type
For multistage pump, head to be considered per stage. Head
= ⁄ per stage = Total head / No. of stage
( )
For double suction impeller flow to be considered half of total
flow
Specific speed is an index used to predict desired pump
performance and the general shape of a pump’s impeller.
Specific speed derived by SI units X 51.64 = specific speed in US
units.

Kirit Domadiya

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