CS 152 Computer Programming

Fundamentals
Numeric Types, Math Operators
and Assignment Statements
Joel Castellanos
e-mail: [email protected]
Web: http://cs.unm.edu/~joel/
Office: Electrical and
Computer Engineering
building (ECE).
Room 233

8/28/2017

Reading
 Week 1:
Ch 1: Intro to Computers
Programming, and Java (skip
1.11 and 1.12)
Ch 2: Elementary
Programming

 Week 2:
Ch 3: Selections (if, if-else,
switch, and random
Numbers)

1
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Lab Schedule

CS-152 1 Thu 1400-1520 ESCP-109 Rashid

CS-152 2 Thu 1230-1350 ESCP-110 Andrew
CS-152 3 Tue 1400-1515 ESCP-109 Tommy
CS-152 4 Tue 0930-1050 ESCP-109 Rafael
CS-152 5 Fri 1200-1320 ESCP-109 Rashid
CS-152 6 Wed 1200-1320 ESCP-109 Javier
CS-152 7 Tue 1230-1350 ESCP-110 Jacob
CS-152 8 Thu 0930-1045 ESCP-109 Jordan

2
 Quiz: byte, short, int, long, float, ...
In Java, the keywords byte, short, int, long,
float, and double are:
a) primitive numeric types

b) object types
Section 2.9.1: Primitive Numeric Types
c) variable
byte: -128 totypes
127
short: -32768 to 32767
d) math
int: operators
 ~2 billion
long: 2 63
e) relational operators
float: about 8 significant figures with exponent to ~ 38
double: about 16 significant figures with exponent to ~ 300

float: about 8 significant figures

public static void main(String[] args)
{
float a = 0.1f;
System.out.println(10 + a);
System.out.println(1000 + a);
System.out.println(1000000 + a);
System.out.println(10000000 + a);
}
3 significant figures
10.1 5 significant figures
1000.1
1000000.1 8 significant figures
1.0E7
= 10000000.0
6

3
 Java's 8 Primitive Types
byte: 8-bit, [-128, 127].

short: 16-bit, [-32,768, 32,767] .

int: 32-bit, [-2,147,483,648, 2,147,483,647].

long: 64-bit, [-9,223,372,036,854,775,808,

9,223,372,036,854,775,807].
float: 32-bit,[1.4x10-45, 3.4028235x1038]

double: 64-bit, [4.9x10-324, 1.7976931348623157x10308]

boolean: Only two possible values: true and false.

char: 16-bit, ['\u0000' (0), '\uffff' (65,535) ].

7

Quiz:
Which is the best variable declaration for the
number of people in your family?:
a) boolean foo;

b) boolean familyMemberCount = 1;

c) int familyMemberCount = 1;

d) float familyMemberCount = 1;

e) double familyMemberCount = 1;

4
 A Variable of type int
1. public class Hello
2. { public static void main(String[] args)
3. {
4. int x = 0; //Allocates memory Order of
5. System.out.println(x); statement
6. x = x + 2; execution
7. System.out.println(x);
8. x = (x + 1) * 3;
9. System.out.println(x);
10. }
11.}

x is a variable. Output: 0
2
9
3 is a literal. 9

A Variable’s Value is a Function of Time

1. public class Hello
2. { public static void main(String[] args)
3. {
4. int a = 2; //At this statement, b is undefined.
5. int b = 3;
6. a = a + b; //read a: 2, read b: 3, write a: 5
7. b = a + b; //read a: 5, read b: 3, write b: 8
8. System.out.println(a);
9. System.out.println(b);
10. }
11.}
Output: 5
8
10

5
 Different Ways To Add
1) public class Hello
2) { public static void main(String[] args)
3) { int a = 7;
4) System.out.println(a); //7
5)
6) a = a + 1;
7) System.out.println(a); //8
8)
9) a += 1;
10) System.out.println(a); //9
11)
12) a++;
13) System.out.println(a); //10
14)
15) }
11 16) }

Quiz: A Variable of type int

1. public class Hello
2. { public static void main(String[] args)
3. {
4. int z = 2;
5. z = z + 2;
6. z = (z + 3) * 2;
7. System.out.println(z);
8. }
9. }

When run, what characters are displayed in the console?

a) z b) 2
c) 4 d) 10 e) 14
12

6
 Find the Syntax Error
1. public class Hello
2. { public static void main(String[] args)
3. {
4. int z = 2;
5. int z = z + 2;
6. System.out.println(z);
7. }
8. }
Duplicate local variable z

int z = 2; int z = 2;
or int w = z + 2;
z = z + 2;
System.out.println(w);
13

Warning: Local Variable Never Read

1. public class Hello
2. { public static void main(String[] args)
3. {
4. int a = 2;
5. int b = 3;
6. a = a * 2;
7. System.out.println(a);
8. }
9. }

Output: 4

14

7
 Printing the Results of Expressions
1. public class Hello
2. {
3. public static void main(String[] args)
4. {
5. System.out.println("5 + 6 + 3 * 2");
6. System.out.println(5 + 6 + 3 * 2);
7. System.out.println((5 + 6 + 3) * 2);
8. }
9. }

Order of some operators: Output: 5 + 6 + 3 * 2

First: ( ) parenthesis 17
Second: *, / multiplication, division
28
Third: +, - addition and subtraction
15

Quiz: Order of Operations

1. public class Hello
2. { public static void main(String[] args)
3. {
4. int x = 5;
5. int y = 10;
6. y = y - x / 2;
7. System.out.println(y);
8. }
9. }

When run, what characters are displayed in the console?

a) 8 b) 7.5
c) 3 d) 2.5 e) 2
16

8
 Integer and Floating Point Division
1. public class Hello
2. {
3. public static void main(String[] args)
4. {
5. System.out.println(5 / 2);
6. System.out.println(5.0 / 2.0);
7. System.out.println(5.0 / 2);
8. System.out.println(5 / 2.0);
9. }
10.}
Output: 2
2.5
2.5 Java casts int 2 into double 2.0 then divides.
17 2.5 Java casts int 5 into double 5.0 then divides.

Double, float and int

1. public static void main(String[] args)
2. { System.out.println(1.0 / 3.0);
3. System.out.println(1.0f / 3.0f);
4. System.out.println(1000.0f / 3.0f);
5. System.out.println(3.0*(1.0f / 3.0f));
6. System.out.println(3.0*(1 / 3));
7. }

Type Size Range Significant Output:

Figures
0.3333333333333333
int 4 bytes ±2 billion exact integers
0.33333334
float 4 bytes ±3.4 x 1038 about 7
333.33334
double 8 bytes ±1.8 x 10308 about 15 1.0000000298023224
18
0.0

9
 Quiz: Evaluating Expressions
1. public class Hello
2. {
3. public static void main(String[] args)
4. {
5. System.out.println(8 + 11 / 2);
6. }
7. }

When run, what characters are displayed in the console?

a) 10 b) 9
c) 9.5 d) 13 e) 13.5
19

Math Expressions to Java

3 2
The mathematics expression:  A Java expression is
5 3 only part of a Java
statement.
An equitant expression in Java is:
3.0 / 5.0 + 2.0 / 3.0 An expression does not
end with a semicolon.
This Java expression can be used in a Java program:
1. public class Hello
2. {
3. public static void main(String[] args)
4. {
5. System.out.println(
6. 3.0 / 5.0 + 2.0 / 3.0);
7. }
20
8. }

10
 Math Expressions to Java
3 4  3 8
The mathematics expression: 
6 1 (1  3)
An equitant expression in Java is:
(3.0+4.0+3.0) / (6.0–1.0) + 8.0/(1.0+3.0)

1. public class Hello

2. {
3. public static void main(String[] args)
4. {
The semicolon
5. System.out.println( goes at the end
6. (3.0+4.0+3.0) / (6.0–1.0) + of the Java
7. 8.0/(1.0+3.0)); statement, not
8. } at the end of
each line of
9. } code.
21 Output: 4.0

Modulus Operator: %
The modulus, n % m, is the integer reminder when integer
n is divided by integer m.

System.out.println("1 % 3 = " + 1 % 3); 1

System.out.println("2 % 3 = " + 2 % 3); 2
System.out.println("3 % 3 = " + 3 % 3); 0
System.out.println("4 % 3 = " + 4 % 3); 1
System.out.println("5 % 3 = " + 5 % 3); 2
System.out.println("6 % 3 = " + 6 % 3); 0
System.out.println("7 % 3 = " + 7 % 3); 1

22

11
 Quiz: What 3 Numbers are Output?
public static void main(String[] args)
{
int n = 92;
int a = n / 25;
n = n % 25;
int b=n/ 10;
n = n % 10;

System.out.println(a);
System.out.println(b); a) 3.68, 9.2, 0
System.out.println(n); b) 3.68, 9.2, 92
} c) 3.68, 9.2, 15
d) 3, 9, 0
23
e) 3, 1, 7

12