Chapter 5
Chapter 5
# 5
1. In most markets scarce goods or services are rationed among competing users, and ______ perform
that task.
A. nonmonetary prices
B. monetary prices
C. government organizations
D. private organizations
2. Home football games at your college are free for students and most of the students like to go to the
game. What is the nonmonetary cost for you to go to the game?
A. Gas that you will need for your car.
B. Money you paid for body painting and artificial hair.
C. The outrageous price you had to pay for hot dog and soda.
D. The 5 hours you waited in the line to get ticket.
3. The time one spends researching the performance and fuel economy of new cars on the Internet is an
example of a(n)
A. monetary cost.
B. nonmonetary cost
C. information cost
D. implied cost
4. In some countries, medical care is provided free to citizens and paid for by the government. In those
countries, medical care is
A. not a scarce resource.
B. available at zero opportunity cost
C. rationed by nonmonetary costs
D. available at no cost to everyone who wants it
5. JoJo is shopping for a new computer. A mailorder computer can be delivered to JoJo's home for
$1,200. JoJo could pick up the same computer at the warehouse for $1,000.How should JoJo decide.
A. JoJo should definitely drive to the warehouse because the monetary cost is $200 lower.
B. JoJo should drive to the warehouse if the value of his travel time plus wear and tear on his car is less
than $200.
C. JoJo should definitely have the computer delivered, because the $200 saving is less than 20% of the
purchase price.
D. JoJo should definitely drive to the warehouse because the $200 saving is more than 10% of the
purchase price.
6. The tendency for consumers to purchase more of a good or service as its price falls is called
A. the law of supply
B. the law of increasing cost
C. the LowHanging Fruit principle
D. the law of demand
7. The law of demand indicates that as the cost of an activity
A. falls, less of the activity will occur.
B. rises, more of the activity will occur.
C. rises, the level of the activity may or may not increase depending on the individual.
D. falls, more of the activity will occur.
8. According to the law of demand, when the price of shoes ______ you will consume ________ shoes.
A. rises, more
B. falls, more
C. rises, the same amount
D. falls, the same amount
9. As the price of computers falls, the quantity demanded of computers increases. This is an application
of
A. the law of supply
B. production possibility expansion
C. the law of demand
D. needs versus wants
10. After subsistence levels of food, shelter, and clothing are provided,
A. all other goods and services are "needs."
B. many goods and services are "needs."
C. all other goods and services are "wants."
D. all other goods and services are "luxuries."
11. Taking a limousine to a five star restaurant in New York is a
A. necessity to Donald Trump but a luxury to Joe Average.
B. necessity to both Joe Average and Donald Trump
C. want to both Joe Average and Donald Trump.
D. want to Donald Trump and a luxury to Joe Average.
12. As living standards improve,
A. things that were once luxuries become needs.
B. things that were once wants become needs.
C. needs are eliminated, leaving only wants.
D. needs remain the same, but wants increase.
13. Shelter for homeless people is an example of
A. a want
B. a need
C. something they can live without
D. something hard to find
14. Higher education is a ________ and assigned textbooks are ________.
A. need; needs
B. want; wants
C. need; wants
D. want; needs
15. Rice requires extensive irrigation, therefore water for rice farmers in California is
A. not as important as for farmers in Pennsylvania, where they grow little rice
B. a necessity
C. a need
D. a want
16. Ten years ago you had never even heard of wireless internet. Now you complete assignments for class
on a laptop that accesses the Internet using wireless technology. This is evidence that
A. things that were once wants can become needs.
B. needs remain the same, but wants change.
C. needs and wants both increase with increases in technology.
D. needs decrease with technology, but wants increase.
17. According to economists, the satisfaction people get from their consumption activities is called
A. demand
B. utility
C. needs
D. wants
18. Utility maximization means that people try to allocate their ______ to maximize their ___________.
A. utility, spending
B. resources, satisfaction
C. time, work
D. limited resource, desires
19. Pat just spent a thousand dollars on a painful dental procedure. In this case
A. Pat's resources yielded negative utility
B. demand for dental procedures is upward sloping.
C. we can assume that having the dental services performed increased Pat's utility.
D. utility is irrelevant to this decision to spend money.
During Thanksgiving you participated in a pumpkinpie eating contest since you love pumpkin pie. You
really enjoyed the first two pies, the third one was OK, but as soon as you ate the 4th one you became ill
and lost the contest.
20. Your total utility _______with each pie you ate up to the 3rd pie.
A. increased
B. decreased
C. stayed the same
D. first increased than decreased
21. Beyond the 3rd pie your total utility
A. increases, but by less than for the first three pies
B. decreases
C. stays the same
D. is zero
22. You got ______ utility from eating the 1st pie than eating the 3rd pie.
A. less
B. more
C. the same amount of
D. marginal
23. You got ______ utility from eating the 4th pie than eating the 2nd pie.
A. less
B. more
C. the same amount of
D. marginal
Sven likes to water ski, but can only water ski during the one week that he is on vacation. Therefore, he
plans to ski every day, for eight hours a day. The first day, Sven skied for eight hours and enjoyed every
hour. The second day, Sven slept in and then skied for seven hours, which was fun but not as much fun as
the first day. The third day, Sven skied for six hours, but was starting to get a bit bored by the end. The
fourth day, Sven skied for four hours and then took a nap. On the fifth day of Sven's vacation, Sven went
blueberry picking all day.
24. Sven's total utility _______with each hour that he skied.
A. increased
B. decreased
C. remained constant
D. first increased than decreased
25. On the fifth day of Sven's vacation, he had decided that another hour of skiing would yield
A. more utility than the day before
B. the same level of utility as the day before
C. less utility than blueberry picking
D. no utility at all
26. Sven gets ______ utility from his first hour of skiing than from his tenth hour of skiing.
A. less
B. more
C. the same
D. the same amount, but better quality
27. Sven's vacation convinced him that
A. even for activities he really enjoys, diminishing marginal utility eventually sets in.
B. blueberry picking yields higher total utility than does water skiing.
C. even for activities he really enjoys, total utility declines each time he engages in it.
D. economic theory applies only to things you buy, not recreation
28. ______ is the additional utility gained from consuming an additional unit of a good.
A. Total utility
B. Marginal Utility
C. Utility
D. Utils
29. Pat's total utility after eating 99 Reese's Peanut Butter Cups was less than his total utility after eating
his hundredth. Therefore, Pat's marginal utility for the 100th peanut butter cup was
A. positive, but less than one.
B. positive, but less than Pat's marginal utility for the 99th peanut butter cup
C. zero,
D. negative
30. The term marginal utility denotes the amount by which ______ changes when consumption changes
by_____ unit(s).
A. total utility, 1
B. demand, 5
C. demand, 1
D. total utility, 5
31. Laura's total utility from consuming 8, 9, and 10 bonbons is 35, 42, and 45, respectively. Her marginal
utility from the 9th bonbon is
A. 42
B. 77
C. 7
D. 4.67
32. Suppose Chris' marginal utility from the first taco Chris eats is 15 and Chris' marginal utility from
the second taco is 12. One can infer that Chris
A. has total utility of 2 tacos equal to 27.
B. should eat only one taco.
C. has average utility for 2 tacos of 27.
D. should eat 2 tacos.
33. If marginal utility is positive as consumption increases,
A. the consumer will not experience diminishing marginal utility.
B. total utility will remain high and constant as consumption increases.
C. total utility will increase as consumption increases.
D. the demand curve will have a positive slope.
34. Refer to the figure above. The total utility of consuming 4 pizzas each week is
A. 50
B. 70
C. 85
D. 95
35. Refer to the figure above. The marginal utility of the sixth pizza is
A. 95
B. 100
C. 5
D. 15
36. Refer to the figure above. The total utility of consuming two pizzas in a single week is
A. 45
B. 60
C. 30
D. 15
37. Refer to the figure above. The marginal utility of the 7th pizza is
A. 10
B. 5
C. 10
D. 5
38. Refer to the figure above. Total utility increases with each additional pizza consumed up to the _____
and than declines, but marginal utility _______ with each additional pizza consumed each week.
A. 7th pizza, increases
B. 6th pizza, increases
C. 5th pizza, stays the same
D. 6th pizza, decreases
39. Moe's parents frequently tell him how it was back in their childhoods. They had a smaller house,
fewer toys, only one car and one blackandwhite TV, but they were happy. In fact, Moe's parents claim
that they were happier than Moe and his friends are today even though Moe and his friends all have
much more stuff. Moe concludes that
A. his parents are irrational, because for rational people total utility increases with consumption.
B. Moe's parents are subject to diminishing marginal utility, but Moe and his friends are not.
C. economic models cannot be applied to two different generations.
D. the social forces that influence demand have changed since Moe's parents were young.
40. Donald has vast riches and consumes thousands of dollars worth of consumer goods each week, yet he
is never satisfied. Why not?
A. Wants are unlimited, but resources are finite.
B. Donald fails to choose rationally.
C. The law of diminishing marginal utility shows that consuming too many material goods leads to lower
total utility.
D. Utility is unrelated to the level of consumption.
41. It is impossible for total utility to be _________ when marginal utility is ___________
A. increasing; increasing.
B. decreasing; positive.
C. positive; negative
D. increasing; decreasing
42. The first time Michel tasted coffee, he thought it was bitter and badtasting. The second time Michel
had coffee, he thought that it was barely tolerable. Eventually, Michel started to enjoy coffee, and within
a few months he was drinking several cups a day. In fact, if he did not drink several cups a day, he was
miserable. This suggests that, for Michel,
A. demand for coffee has increased.
B. coffee is a need, not a want.
C. diminishing marginal utility does not apply to coffee consumption.
D. economic models cannot be applied to habitforming substances.
43. Refer to the figure above. The total utility of consuming two dinners out in a week is
A. less than 100.
B. 75.
C. 175.
D. 160.
44. Refer to the figure above. The marginal utility of the 3rd dinner is
A. 60.
B. 75.
C. 135.
D. 160.
45. Refer to the figure above. The marginal utility of the 4th music CD is
A. 75.
B. 60.
C. 295.
D. 15.
46. Refer to the figure above. The marginal utility of consuming the 2
nd
apple is
A. 10
B. 15
C. 20
D. 35
47. Refer to the figure above. According to this data, marginal utility for apple consumption is
A. constant.
B. first increasing, but decreasing after the fourth apple.
C. decreasing after the first apple.
D. constantly increasing.
48. Refer to the figure above. The marginal utility of consuming the 5th apple is
A. 5
B. 0
C. 5
D. 45
49. Refer to the figure above. The total utility ______ as additional apples are consumed, but the
marginal utility always _______ with each additional apple consumed.
A. first decreases then increases, decreases
B. first increases then decreases, decreases
C. first decreases then increases, increases
D. first increases then decreases, increases
50. If Terry gets maximum utility from owning 10 pairs of shoes, then Terry's total utility from owning 7
pairs of shoes is ______ Terry's total utility from owning 8 pairs.
A. greater than
B. equal to
C. less than
D. less than or equal to
51. The tendency for marginal utility to decline as consumption increases beyond some point is called
A. the law of demand
B. the law of diminishing marginal utility
C. the rational spending rule
D. utility maximization
52. If the marginal utility of the 3rd cup of coffee is 23 and the marginal utility of the 4th cup is 15, then
A. it is optimal for the consumer to have 3 cups of coffee.
B. the price of a cup of coffee must be relatively low.
C. it is optimal for the consumer to have 4 cups of coffee.
D. there is evidence of the law of diminishing marginal utility.
53. According to the law of diminishing marginal utility,
A. if you consume less of something, your total utility from that consumption increases.
B. if you consume less of something, your marginal utility from that consumption increases.
C. you should never consume any more of something after marginal utility has begun to diminish.
D. if total utility is increasing as you consumer more, then marginal utility must be increasing as well.
54. Cory gets 18, 23, and 25 units worth of total utility from consuming 10, 11, and 12 raw oysters,
respectively, and the price per oyster is 25 cents. Thus, one can infer that Cory
A. is not utility maximizing.
B. is experiencing diminishing marginal utility.
C. should NOT consume any more oysters.
D. has consumed too many oysters.
55. Refer to the figure above. As Jeff watches more movies, his marginal utility
A. gets larger
B. gets smaller
C. does not change
D. gets close to one
56. Refer to the figure above. As Jeff increases the number of movies he watches in a day, from ______
to______ his marginal utility decreases, from 15 to 5
A. 1, 5
B. 2, 5
C. 2, 4
D. 1, 4
57. Refer to the figure above. For Jeff, consumption of movies satisfies
A. the law of demand
B. the law of diminishing marginal utility
C. the law of utility maximization
D. the law of utility minimization
Assume that Dusty has $30 in income, the price of a loaf of bread is $1.50, and the price of a jar of
peanut butter is $3.
58. Dusty can buy a maximum of _____ loaves of bread or a maximum of _____ jars of peanut butter.
A. 20; 10
B. 15; 15
C. 10; 20
D. 10; 5
59. If Dusty's income rises to $45, Dusty can now buy a maximum of _____ loaves of bread or a
maximum of _____ jars of peanut butter.
A. 5; 25
B. 10; 40
C. 15; 30
D. 30; 15
60. If Dusty's income rises to $45, the rational spending rule would predict that Dusty will buy
A. more bread and less peanut butter.
B. more bread and more peanut butter.
C. less bread and more peanut butter.
D. more bread and the same amount of peanut butter.
61. If Dusty's income falls to $20, the rational spending rule would predict that Dusty will buy
A. more bread and less peanut butter.
B. less bread and more peanut butter.
C. less bread and less peanut butter.
D. more bread and the same amount of peanut butter.
62. Suppose that at the original income of $30 the price of a loaf of bread decreased to $1.00 and the price
of a jar of peanut butter increased to $5. Dusty can buy a maximum of _____ loaves of bread or a
maximum of _____ jars of peanut butter.
A. 20, 5
B. 5, 20
C. 30, 6
D. 6, 30
63. Suppose that at the original income of $30 the price of a loaf of bread increased to $3.00 and the price
of a jar of peanut butter decreased to $2. Dusty can buy a maximum of _____ loaves of bread or a
maximum of _____ jars of peanut butter.
A. 10, 15
B. 15, 10
C. 20, 15
D. 15, 20
Casey earns $150 a week and consumes only fish and shrimp. The price of fish is $3 a pound and the
price of shrimp is $5 a pound.
64. Casey can buy a maximum of _____ pounds of fish or a maximum of _____ pounds of shrimp.
A. 30, 50
B. 50, 30
C. 15, 30
D. 30, 15
65. If Casey's income rises to $210 Casey could buy a maximum of _____ pounds of fish or a maximum of
_____ pounds of shrimp.
A. 30, 24
B. 24, 30
C. 70, 42
D. 42, 70
66. If Casey's income rises to $210, the rational spending rule would predict Casey would buy
A. more fish and less shrimp.
B. more fish and more shrimp.
C. less fish and more shrimp.
D. more fish and the same amount of shrimp.
67. If Casey's income falls to $120, the rational spending rule would predict Casey would buy
A. more fish and less shrimp.
B. more fish and more shrimp.
C. less fish and more shrimp.
D. less fish and less shrimp.
68. The price of fish decreased to $1.50 a pound and the price of shrimp remains $5 a pound. At Casey's
original income of $150 per week Casey can buy a maximum of _____ pounds fish or a maximum of
_____ pounds shrimp.
A. 10, 30
B. 30, 50
C. 30, 100
D. 100, 30
69. The ______ combination of goods is the combination of goods that yields the highest total utility given
the consumer's income.
A. affordable
B. economical
C. utility satiating
D. optimal
70. Evan gets twice as much marginal utility from an additional bottle of water than from an additional
bottle of soda. If the price of soda is $1.00 per bottle, then Evan is maximizing utility if the price of a
bottle of water is
A. $1.00
B. $1.50
C. $2.00
D. $.50
71. Jess gets half as much marginal utility from an additional bagel than from an additional muffin. If the
price of muffin is $2.00/each, then Jess is maximizing utility if the price of a bagel is
A. $1.00
B. $1.50
C. $2.00
D. $4.00
72. At his current consumption level Cameron get 3 times more marginal utility from an additional game
of pinball than from an additional game of ping pong. If the price of a ping pong game is $0.50, than he is
maximizing utility if the price of a pinball game is
A. $1.00
B. $1.50
C. $2.00
D. $3.00
73. Angel's marginal utility for playing pool is 10 after playing 5 games. Angel's marginal utility for
bowling is 6 after 3 games. If both pool and bowling cost $1 a game, to maximize his utility Angel should
A. bowl more and play pool less
B. just go home
C. bowl only
D. bowl less and play pool more
Jamie's marginal utility for consuming muffins and doughnuts in units are as follows. Jamie spends $4
for breakfast every morning, the price per muffin is $1.00 and the price per doughnut is $0.50.
74. If Jamie consumes 3 muffins, what is Jamie's marginal utility per dollar from muffins?
A. 6.25
B. 7.5
C. 25
D. 15
75. If Jamie consumes 3 muffins, Jamie will consume ____ doughnuts, and have ____ marginal utility per
dollar from doughnuts.
A. 2; 20
B. 4; 15
C. 2; 30
D. 4; 10
76. What is Jamie's optimal combination of muffins and doughnuts?
A. 1 muffin, 6 doughnuts
B. 2 muffins, 4 doughnuts
C. 3 muffins, 2 doughnuts
D. 4 muffins, zero doughnuts
Taylor's marginal utility from watching movies and marginal utility from eating out each month in utils
are represented in the following table. Taylor spends exactly $100 every month on these two forms of
entertainment, and the price per movie is $10 and price per dinner is $20.
77. If Taylor watches 2 movies a month, Taylor will eat out _____ times per month, and have marginal
utility per dollar of _____ from movies and _______ from eating out.
A. 3; 5; 6
B. 2; 5; 7
C. 4; 5; 5
D. 4; 4; 6
78. If Taylor eats out 3 times a month, Taylor will watch _____ movies, and have marginal utility per
dollar of _____ from eating out and _______ from going to the movies.
A. 4; 6; 2
B. 3; 2; 6
C. 4; 6; 1/2
D. 3; 4; 4
79. Taylor's optimal combination of movies and eating out is
A. 3 movies and 3 dinners.
B. 4 movies and 3 dinners.
C. 3 movies and 4 dinners.
D. 2 movies and 4 dinners.
80. Purchasing goods such that the ratio of marginal utility to price is equal across all goods results in
the
A. greatest total utility.
B. lowest expenditure on goods.
C. greatest marginal utility for the lower.
D. expenditures for all goods being the same.
81. For the two good case, the rational spending rule requires that
A. total expenditures on the two goods be equal.
B. total utility from the two good be equal.
C. average utility from the two goods be equal.
D. the ratio of marginal utility to price be equal for the two goods.
82. For two goods, A and B, the rational spending rule is expressed as
A. MUA = MUB.
B. MUA * MUB = PA * PB.
C. (MUA / PB) = (MUB / PA).
D. (MUA / PA) = (MUB / PB).
83. Pat applies the rational spending rule and purchases 5 units of potato chips and 3 units of lemonade
Suppose the price of lemonade increases. One can predict that Pat will
A. cease purchasing lemonade.
B. reduce purchases of lemonade and increase purchases of potato chips.
C. continue to make the same purchases.
D. reduce purchases of potato chips.
84. Suppose you want to make rational dining choices at an allyoucaneat buffet. How do you apply the
rational spending rule?
A. you can't because the fixed price is a sunk cost that should not be taken into consideration.
B. you can't because once you have paid the sunk cost the price of each serving is zero, and since you
can't divide by zero you cannot apply the rational choice formula.
C. you should continue to eat every item until your marginal utility from consuming each item equals the
fixed price of the buffet.
D. you should continue to eat until your marginal utility from consuming each item exactly equals zero
plus your nonmonetary costs of staying at the buffet.
85. Curly loves pizza, and often has supper at an allyoucan eat pizza buffet. Curly eats more pizza there
than at the BuyBytheSlice pizza stand in the student union because
A. Curly is irrational and has no willpower.
B. Curly does not experience diminishing marginal utility for pizza.
C. Curly is setting his Marginal Utility for pizza per dollar equal at each place.
D. Curly is setting his Marginal Utility for pizza equal at each place.
86. According to the rational spending rule, for a rational consumer the relationship between the price of
an item and the utility gained by consuming that item is
A. the lower the price, the greater the total utility
B. the lower the price, the greater the marginal utility
C. the lower the price, the lower the marginal utility
D. the higher the price, the lower the marginal utility.
87. You are trying to decide how to spend your last lunch dollar. You should use that dollar to buy more
of
A. the item that costs the least.
B. the item that you have already consumed the most of.
C. the item that will give you the greatest marginal utility per dollar spent.
D. the item from which you have gained the greatest total utility already.
88. Suppose you want to equalize your marginal utility per dollar across all the goods that you consume.
If your marginal utility per dollar is higher for one of those items than for any others, you should
A. consume less of it to reduce your marginal utility.
B. consume more of it to reduce your marginal utility.
C. consume more of the other goods to equalize your marginal utilities per dollar.
D. consume more of all goods in equal proportions.
89. For two goods, coffee and scones, MU(coffee)/P(coffee) = 4 and MU(scones)/P(scones) = 3. The
consumer should
A. purchase less coffee and more scones.
B. purchase more coffee and fewer scones.
C. purchase less coffee and fewer scones.
D. purchase more coffee and more scones.
90. For two goods, A and B, MUA/PA = 25 and MUB/PB = 25. The consumer should
A. leave their choices as they are
B. purchase less of A and more of B
C. purchase more of A and B
D. purchase less of A and B
91. Assume the consumer is correctly applying the rational spending rule for goods jeans and tshirts. If
the price of jeans falls, purchases of jeans and tshirts rise because
A. the marginal utility of jeans increases.
B. the marginal utility of tshirts increases.
C. the marginal utility of jeans decreases.
D. combinations of jeans and tshirts that could not be considered before now become available.
92. The rational spending rule is derived from the consumer's efforts to
A. maximize utility.
B. minimize expenditures.
C. obtain the lowest possible price.
D. maximize the number of units purchased.
93. When the price of a good rises, the ratio of the marginal utility of that good divided by its price
_______ and as a result, consumers purchase _______ of that good.
A. rises; more
B. falls; more
C. rises; less
D. falls; less
94. When the price of a good falls, the ratio of the marginal utility of that good divided by its price
_______ and as a result, consumers purchase _______ of that good.
A. rises; more
B. falls; more
C. rises; less
D. falls; less
95. Refer to the figure above. The law of diminishing marginal utility
A. applies to Good A but not Good B.
B. does not apply to either Good A or Good B.
C. applies to Good B but not Good A.
D. applies to both Good A and Good B.
96. Refer to the figure above. If the price of Good A is $1 and the price of Good B is $3, then the rational
spending rule predicts _____ units of Good A and ______ units of Good B will be purchased.
A. 4; 3
B. 3; 4
C. 4; 4
D. 3; 3
97. Refer to the figure above. If the price of Good A is $5 and the price of Good B is $4, then the rational
spending rule predicts _____ units of Good A and ______ units of Good B will be purchased.
A. 3; 3
B. 1; 3
C. 4; 2
D. 3; 2
98. Refer to the figure above. If the price of Good A is $2 and the price of Good B is $6, then the rational
spending rule predicts _____ units of Good A and ______ units of Good B will be purchased.
A. 1; 1
B. 2; 1
C. 4; 3
D. 3; 2
99. Refer to the figure above. The law of diminishing marginal utility
A. applies to Food but not Rooms.
B. does not apply to either Food or Rooms.
C. applies to Rooms but not Food.
D. applies to both Food and Rooms.
100. Refer to the figure above. If the price of Food is $5 and the price of Rooms is $80, then the rational
spending rule predicts _____ units of Food and ______ Rooms will be purchased.
A. 4; 3
B. 3; 4
C. 4; 4
D. 4; 1
101. Refer to the figure above. If the price of Food is $10 and the price of Rooms is $40, then the rational
spending rule predicts _____ units of Food and ______ Rooms will be purchased.
A. 1; 4
B. 3; 2
C. 4; 4
D. 2; 3
102. If the marginal utility per dollar is not the same for each good, the consumer could _____ her utility
by spending ______ on goods for which the marginal utility per dollar is lower.
A. decrease, less
B. increase, more
C. maximize, more
D. increase, less
103. Suppose you are a government analyst and you think beans are particularly nourishing. You decide
to subsidize beans in order to encourage people to eat more of them. (By subsidizing an item, consumers
pay a lower price.) After you successfully lower bean prices, you notice that consumption of beans has
fallen. What went wrong?
A. The substitution effect caused people to substitute ramen noodles and rice for beans.
B. The income effect caused people's real income to fall so they could no longer afford as much food.
C. The income effect caused people's real income to rise so they purchased less of what they considered to
be inferior goods.
D. Demand for beans is price inelastic.
104. If the marginal utility per dollar is not the same for each good, the consumer could _____ her utility
by spending ______ on goods for which the marginal utility per dollar is higher.
A. decrease, more
B. increase, more
C. maximize, less
D. increase, less
105. The dollar price of a good relative to the average dollar price of all other goods is the
A. market price
B. equilibrium price
C. nominal price
D. real price
106. The absolute price of a good in dollar terms is the
A. market price
B. equilibrium price
C. nominal price
D. marginal price
107. According to the textbook, the homes of the wealthy in Seattle average in excess of 10,000 square feet
while the homes of the wealthy in New York City average less than 5,000 square feet. The difference is
primarily due to
A. greater "tastes" for space in Seattle.
B. a ban on construction of new homes in excess of 5,000 square feet in NYC.
C. a significantly higher price for land and construction in NYC.
D. greater "tastes" for crowding in NYC.
108. Suppose you are a government analyst, and you want to help homeless families. To do so, you have
decided to subsidize rental housing for poor families. (A subsidy is a payment by the government that
pays part of the price of a specific product. For example, the government pays part of the rent payment.)
If families had been choosing rationally before the subsidy, what is most likely to happen as a result of
the subsidy?
A. The substitution effect will cause people to consume less rental housing as the price of housing falls.
B. The income effect will cause people to consume less rental housing, but only if rental housing is a
normal or luxury good.
C. People will consume more housing and more of another good, for example, groceries.
D. Any rational person will respond by consuming more housing, and no more of the other goods he or
she consumes.
109. The fact that the average price of a gallon of gasoline in England is much higher than the price in the
U.S. would lead to which of the following predictions?
A. Average miles per gallon for new cars will be lower in England.
B. English drivers will tend to drive a greater average number of miles.
C. American drivers will tend to make fewer trips with more stops.
D. Large cars with poorer gas mileage will be less popular with consumers in England.
110. Why do lines tend to be longer at the bank teller in a poorer neighborhood?
A. Lowincome consumers are not willing to pay for shorter line.
B. Lowincome consumers would pay for shorter lines if the bank owners ask them to.
C. Poor people have a high opportunity cost for their time.
D. Poor people don't have anything better to do.
Fran runs a doughnut shop in a tiny 3person town. Fran's rational consumers have the following
demand schedules:
111. Market demand for doughnuts when the price is 50 cents is
A. 31 doughnuts.
B. 20 doughnuts.
C. 9 doughnuts.
D. 13 doughnuts.
112. From the data you can assume that Betty
A. thinks that doughnuts are an inferior good.
B. would get more marginal utility from her first doughnut than anything else that she buys for 50 cents.
C. would get less marginal utility from her first doughnut than anything else that she buys for 50 cents.
D. is not a rational consumer.
This table shows demand for shoes in a 3 consumer market:
113. What is the market demand for shoes when the price is $50 per pair?
A. 7 Pairs of shoes.
B. 11 Pairs of shoes.
C. 15 Pairs of shoes.
D. It will depend on the supply at $50.
114. At $100 per pair, the market demand
A. intersects the yaxis.
B. intersects the xaxis.
C. is exactly the same as Leigh's demand.
D. is less than the quantity supplied.
115. The data suggest that
A. Leigh has higher income than Pat or Chris
B. Leigh does not experience diminishing marginal utility for shoes.
C. Leigh prefers shoes to other items Leigh buys.
D. Pat's demand for shoes is less than Leigh's.
116. Refer to the figure above. On the basis of the above graphs, it appears that __________ has the
strongest demand for hamburger.
A. Chris
B. Laura
C. Laura and Chris both
D. neither Laura nor Chris
117. Refer to the figure above. At a price of $2.00, Laura's quantity demanded is ______ and Chris'
quantity demanded is _____.
A. 11, 14
B. 9, 16
C. 9, 14
D. 11, 13
118. Refer to the figure above. The market demand curve indicates that at a price of $2.50, _______ lbs.
will be demanded.
A. 3
B. 6
C. 10
D. 16
119. Refer to the figure above. The market demand curve indicates that 27 lbs of hamburger will be
demanded at a price of
A. $1.00
B. $1.50
C. $2.00
D. $2.50
120. Refer to the figure above. When the price decreases from $3.00 to $2.50, quantity demanded in the
market will ______ by _____ lbs.
A. decrease, 3
B. increase, 3
C. decrease, 4
D. increase, 4
121. Refer to the figure above. On the basis of the above graphs, it appears that __________ has the
strongest demand for soda.
A. Rick
B. Mallory
C. Mallory and Rick both
D. neither Mallory nor Rick
122. Refer to the figure above. At a price of $0.25, Mallory's quantity demanded is ______ and Rick's
quantity demanded is _____.
A. 50, 40
B. 90, 80
C. 70, 80
D. 70, 60
123. Refer to the figure above. The market demand curve indicates that at a price of $0.75, _______ cans
of soda will be demanded.
A. 20
B. 50
C. 70
D. 100
124. Refer to the figure above. The market demand curve indicates that 90 cans of soda will be demanded
at a price of
A. $1.50
B. $1.25
C. $0.75
D. $0.50
125. Refer to the figure above. When the price increases from $0.75 to $1.00, quantity demanded in the
market will ______ by _____ cans.
A. decrease, 20
B. increase, 20
C. decrease, 40
D. increase, 40
126. Refer to the figure above. At the price of $1.25,
A. market demand is 40 cans of soda.
B. market demand is 30 cans of soda.
C. market demand is 10 cans of soda.
D. Mallory and Rick exit the market.
127. When all buyers have identical demand curves, we can get the market demand curve by
A. adding their quantity demanded vertically
B. multiplying each quantity by the number of consumers
C. adding all the prices first than adding all the quantity demanded
D. adding each consumers utility
128. At the price of 25 cents/each, 500 consumers demand 4 oranges each. At the price of 20 cents/each,
750 consumers demand 5 oranges each. Therefore, the market demand curve for orange will have a
quantity of _______ oranges demanded at the price of 25 cents/each and a quantity of ______ oranges
demanded at the price of 20 cents/each.
A. 4, 5
B. 500, 750
C. 1250, 1500
D. 2000, 3750
This graph shows one consumer's demand for ice cream at the student union:
129. During a regular semester, there are 500 students. Each student's demand for ice cream is as
depicted above. When the price of one scoop of ice cream is $2.00, those 500 students purchase a total of
A. 2,000 scoops of ice cream
B. 2,500 scoops of ice cream
C. 3,000 scoops of ice cream
D. 5,000 scoops of ice cream
130. During the summer, there are only 300 ice cream consuming students on campus, each with demand
as shown above. At $2.00 per scoop, those 300 students purchase ____ scoops of ice cream per week.
A. 1,200
B. 1,500
C. 1,800
D. 3,000
131. During the semester, the student union charges $3.00 per scoop. If every student who buys ice cream
has the demand curve shown, when there are 1,000 students _____ scoops are sold per week.
A. 400
B. 1,000
C. 2,000
D. 4,000
132. During the semester, the student union sells a total of 7,200 scoops of ice cream at a price of $2.00
per scoop. If every student who buys ice cream has the demand curve shown, there must be _________
students purchasing ice cream.
A. 800
B. 1,200
C. 1,500
D. 2,000
133. An increase in the number of students enrolled on this campus will
A. cause the demand curve shown above to shift to the right.
B. cause the demand curve shown above to shift to the left.
C. cause an increase in market demand by increasing the number of individual demand curves.
D. not affect market demand, but increase quantity demanded by individuals.
134. Fran is one of the students whose demand is shown. When price is $4.00, Fran buys ____ scoops, but
when price is $2.00, Fran buys _______ scoops.
A. 1; 3
B. 2; 5
C. 2; 4
D. 2; 6
135. Joe is one of the students whose demand is shown. Joe buys more ice cream when the price is $2.00
than when the price is $3.00 because
A. Joe cannot afford $3.00 for a scoop of ice cream.
B. Joe has more consumer surplus when price is $3.00.
C. the marginal utility Joe gets from his fifth scoop of ice cream is less than the marginal utility Joe gets
from other things that cost $3.00.
D. Joe does not experience diminishing marginal utility for ice cream consumption when it is only $2.00
per scoop but does when it is $3.00.
136. According to the demand curve shown above, each individual student has ______ consumer surplus
when price is ___________.
A. less; lower
B. more; higher
C. more; lower
D. the same; higher
137. When price is $2 per scoop, each student's consumer surplus is determined by
A. the difference between maximum willingness to pay of $4.50 and $2, or $2.50.
B. the area of the triangle of dimension ($4.50 $2.00) high and 6 long = $7.50.
C. the difference between each student's maximum price of $4.50 and $2 times the number of scoops, or
$2.50 times 6 = $15.
D. The area of the triangle of dimension $4.50 high and 8 long = $18.
138. Consumer surplus measures
A. marginal utility.
B. total utility.
C. the cumulative difference between real and nominal prices.
D. the cumulative difference between price and maximum willingness to pay.
139. Moe's reservation price for his economics textbook is $100. The week before the semester began,
Moe found a copy of the required text online for $75. Moe's consumer surplus is
A. $125
B. $100
C. $75
D. $25
140. Refer to the figure above. What is the maximum price that the buyer of the first unit is willing to
pay?
A. 40
B. 35
C. 25
D. 15
141. Refer to the figure above. At a price of $15, what is the consumer surplus for the buyer of the first
unit?
A. 0
B. 15
C. 5
D. 25
142. Refer to the figure above. At a price of $15, what is the consumer surplus each day?
A. 40
B. 75
C. 105
D. 180
143. At a price of $25, what is the consumer surplus each day?
A. 0
B. 5
C. 15
D. 30
144. Refer to the figure above. What is the equilibrium quantity of bananas in this market?
A. 0
B. 3 pounds/day
C. 4 pounds/day
D. 5 pounds/day
145. Refer to the figure above. What is the equilibrium price of bananas in this market?
A. 0
B. $1/pound
C. $4/pound
D. $5/pound
146. Refer to the figure above. At the equilibrium price consumer surplus is
A. $7.50/day
B. $10/day
C. $15/day
D. $40/day
147. Refer to the figure above. In the equilibrium shown, price is ________, quantity is ___________ and
consumer surplus is __________.
A. $6; 40; $100
B. $6; 40; $120
C. $4; 40; $80
D. $4; 40; $120
148. Refer to the figure above. Suppose the dairy lobby convinces the government to impose price
controls in this market. If the government requires all cheese to be sold for a price of at least $8,
consumer surplus would _________ and the market would ________________
A. increase; reach a new equilibrium at $8.00
B. decrease; reach a new equilibrium at $8.00
C. increase; have excess demand for cheese.
D. decrease; have excess supply of cheese.
149. Refer to the figure above. Suppose the dairy lobby convinces the government to impose price
controls in this market. If the government requires all cheese to be sold for a price of at least $8,
consumer surplus would equal
A. $30
B. $60
C. $80
D. $120
150. Refer to the figure above. Suppose a consumer protection group convinces the government to impose
price controls in this market. If the government requires that cheese be sold for a price less than the
equilibrium, relative to the original equilibrium the effect on consumer surplus would be to
A. necessarily increase it, because consumers would be able to purchase the same quantity of cheese at a
lower price.
B. Necessarily increase it, because consumers would purchase more cheese at a lower price.
C. Increase it due to the reduction in price, but decrease it due to the reduction in quantity.
D. Decrease it due to the reduction in price, but increase it due to the increase in quantity.