Sub-Saharan

Saharan University College

Adama Campus
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
SUPPORT SERVICE
Level 2

Unit of Competence: - Access and Use Internet

LO1: Introduction to Internet

Compiled by Israel K.

June/2012 E.C
Ethiopian TVET System
Training, Teaching and Learning Materials Development

Instruction LO1 – Introduction to Internet

INTERNET
Definition, use, and basic terminologies of Internet
The Internet, sometimes called simply "the Net," is a worldwide system of computer networks - a
network of networks in which users at any one computer can, if they have permission, get information from any
other computer (and sometimes talk directly to users at other computers).
The internet is computer based global information system. It is composed of many interconnected
computer networks. Each network may link thousands of computers enabling them to share information.
The internet has brought a transformation in many aspects of life. It is one of the biggest contributors in
making the world into a global village. Use of internet has grown tremendously since it was introduced. It is
mostly because of its flexibility. Nowadays one can access the internet easily. Most people have computers in
their homes but even the ones who don’t they can always go to cyber cafes where this service is provided.
The internet developed from software called the ARPANET which the U.S military had developed. It
was only restrict to military personnel and the people who developed it. Only after it was privatized was it
allowed to be used commercially.
The internet has developed to give many benefits to mankind. The access to information is one of the
most important. Students can now have access to libraries around the world. Some charge a fee but most
provide free services. Before students had to spend hours and hours in the libraries but now at the touch of a
button students have a huge database in front of them

Basic Internet Terms and Terminology

Here is a look at the buzzwords of the world of Internet.

ARPANET: The acronym stands for Advanced Research Projects Agency Network. ARPA of the
United States Department of Defense developed ARPANET, which became the world’s first packet switching
network. Internet is the successor of ARPANET.

Internet Service Provider (ISP): A company, which provides users with an access to the Internet, is
known as an Internet service provider or Internet access provider. ISP, as it is called, offers email accounts and
other services like remote storage of files for its customers. Here is a word about choosing a cheap ISP.
IP Address: It is a way of numerically identifying an entity on a computer network. The original
addressing system known as IPv4, used 32 bit addresses. With the growth of the Internet, IPv6 came to be used
wherein the addresses are composed of 128 bits.

Cyberspace: This term coined by William Gibson, is used to refer to the computer networks connected
to each other and the content they host. It is often used to refer to the Internet.
WWW (World Wide Web): It is a collection of interlinked documents that are accessible over the
Internet. It consists of millions of web pages that contain text, images, voice and videos. Sir Tim Berners-Lee, a
British scientist working at CERN, created the World Wide Web.

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Website: A website is a set of web pages consisting of text, audio and video. Web servers host websites.
URL (Uniform Resource Locator): It specifies the location of a resource on the Internet. It consists of
the basic address and path.
Web Page: Web pages are resources of information. They are generally created in the HTML format
and provide the web users with navigational abilities through hyperlinks to other web pages on the web.
Home Page: The term home page is used to refer to the page that is the default page of any website. It is
the main page of a complex website.
Web Browser: A web browser is a software application that facilitates user interaction with the text,
audio, video and other information that is located on the web.
Cache: Web browsers maintain a cache of recently visited web pages. Some of them use an external
proxy web cache, which is a server program through which web requests pass. This enables the browsers to
cache frequently visited pages. Even search engines make available already indexed web pages through their
caches.
HTTP: Hypertext Transfer Protocol, abbreviated as HTTP, is a communications protocol used for the
transfer of information over the Internet. A client makes an HTTP request using a web browser to which an
HTTP response is sent from the server.
Web Cookie: Also known as an HTTP cookie, it is piece of text that is exchanged between the web
client and the web server. It is sent by the web server to the web client and returned unchanged by the client
each time it accesses the server.
Session: It is an exchange of information between a computer and its user. It is established for a certain
period of time after which it ends.
Hyperlink: A reference in a document to another section of the document or to another document is
termed as a hyperlink. Hyperlinks are used to redirect the user from one section of a page content to another.
Internet Security: It is one of the major concerns today. As the Internet acts as a communication
platform that can be accessed by millions of users around the world, it becomes
necessary that proper measures be implemented. Issues like Internet Safety that deal with the content that is
made accessible over the Internet are equally important. Internet Privacy relates to safeguarding the privacy of
the web users and the sensitive information on the web from hackers and stalkers.
Internet – A Communication Platform: Internet serves as one of the most efficient means of
communication. Computers from different parts of the world can be connected to each other to exchange
information, thanks to the Internet. Emails and chats are excellent means of communication over the Internet.
Blogs and online forums give the Internet users a platform to reach out to the masses. Here is a list of the basic
Internet terms associated with the Internet as a communication platform. Also look at some Internet terms
related to the security threats to network communication.
Email: It is a store-and-forward method of writing, sending and receiving written messages. Electronic
mail is an Internet e-mail system that uses network-based protocols to exchange messages between network
subsystems.
Email Address: It identifies the network location to which an email can be delivered. An email address
is a combination of the username of the mail user and the host name of the mailing system. It is of the form,

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‘username@domain-name’. An email alias is a forwarding email address. It simply forwards emails to specific
email addresses.
Hacking: Hacking is the activity of programmatically gaining access to a computer application that is
otherwise inaccessible. The act of gaining an unauthorized access to a computer is known as hacking. Hacking
of passwords that leads to breach of email privacy is a threat to communication over the Internet. Internet
crimes refer to all the criminal activities that are carried over the Internet.
Email Scams: With the increase in the use of email systems, its security needs also rose. Fraudulent
users started tampering with the email systems to breach security.
Email Virus: It is a computer code that is transmitted through an email in the form of an attachment.
The email attachment causes the destruction of some of the files on the receiver computer’s hard disk and is
programmatically emailed to the contacts in the address book of the receiver.
Internet Bookmark: The Internet browsers of the modern times aim at enabling the users to organize
the web pages they access. Links once visited can be saved in the favorites or preferences categories.
Bookmarks are usually integrated into browsers. Social bookmarking is a method used by the Internet users to
store and manage web pages.
Web Directories: It is a directory, which links to other websites and organizes those links. They should not be
mistaken as being search engines.

Makeup and structure of web addresses

Web Sites and URLs

A Web site is simply data that is stored on a WWW server and which can be freely accessed by people
'surfing the Net'. For instance Microsoft has their own Web site from which you can download information and
software. The trouble is that you have to know the address of the Web site; in much the same way as if you
want to phone someone you have to know his or her phone number. The address of a Web site is given by
something called its URL (Uniform Resource Locator). The structure of the URL is very precise.
Due to the very large number of organizations who now have Web sites, you can also use a search
engine, in which you can enter a word or phrase connected with what you wish to find and it will then display
sites that match the information that you have entered. The results can be overwhelming however. A recent
search using the search words "PC courseware" displayed a list of 4.5 million sites containing these words!

What is a hyperlink?

A hyperlink is simply part of the text (or graphic) on a Web page, that when clicked on will
automatically:
 Take you to a different part of the same page
 Take you to a different page within the Web site
 Take you to a page in a different Web site
 Enable you to download a file
 Launch an application, video or sound

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Information Sheet – 2 Internet Browsers Review

Internet Browsers
There were several web browsers that we can use to search from the web. Let’s take a look at some of it.
Netscape Navigator
Netscape Navigator was a proprietary web browser that was popular in the 1990s. The Netscape
Navigator web browser was succeeded by Netscape Communicator. Netscape Communicator's 4.x source code
was the base for the Netscape-developed Mozilla Application Suite, which was later, renamed SeaMonkey.
Windows Internet Explorer
Windows Internet Explorer (formerly Microsoft Internet Explorer, commonly abbreviated IE or MSIE)
is a series of graphical web browsers developed by Microsoft and included as part of the Microsoft
Windows line of operating systems, starting in 1995. It was first released as part of the add-on package Plus! for
Windows 95 that year. Later versions were available as free downloads, or in service packs, and included in the
OEM service releases of Windows 95 and later versions of Windows.
Internet Explorer has been the most widely used web browser since 1999, attaining a peak of about
95% usage share during 2002 and 2003 with Internet Explorer 5 and Internet Explorer 6.
Mozilla Firefox

Mozilla Firefox is a free and open source web browser descended from the Mozilla Application
Suite and managed by Mozilla Corporation. As of August 2011, Firefox is the second most widely used
browser, with approximately 30% of worldwide usage share of web browsers. The browser has had particular
success in Germany and Poland, where it is the most popular browser with 55% usage and 47% respectively.
Firefox runs on various operating systems including Microsoft Windows, GNU/Linux, Mac OS
X, FreeBSD, and many other platforms.

Galeon
Galeon is a web browser for GNOME based on Mozilla’s Gecko layout engine. Galeon’s self-declared
mission was to deliver “the web and only the web.” At the time of Galeon’s creation, the most popular web
browsers, including Netscape, Mozilla, and Internet Explorer, were large multi-functional programs.
Galeon was the first mainstream graphical web browser which specifically focused on the reduction of
peripheral functionality. Galeon is also notable for introducing “Smart Bookmarks,” bookmarks that take an
argument and can be used as toolbar buttons with a text field used to enter the value for the argument.
Opera
Opera is a web browser and Internet suite developed by Opera Software. The browser handles
common Internet-related tasks such as displaying web sites, sending and receiving e-mail messages, managing
contacts, chatting on IRC, downloading files via BitTorrent, and reading web feeds. Opera is offered free of
charge for personal and mobile phones.
Opera does not come packaged with any desktop operating system. However, it is the most popular
desktop browser in some countries, such as Ukraine. Opera Mini, which is the most popular mobile web
browser as of May 2011, has been chosen as the default integrated web browser in several mobile handsets by
their respective manufacturers.
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Opera is known for originating many features later adopted by other web browsers. Opera runs on a
variety of personal computer operating systems, including Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, Linux,
and FreeBSD.
Phoenix
The Mozilla Firefox project was created by Dave Hyatt and Blake Ross as an experimental branch of
the Mozilla project. Hyatt, Ross, Hewitt and Chanial's browser was created to combat the perceived software
bloat of the Mozilla Suite (codenamed, internally referred to, and continued by the community as SeaMonkey),
which integrated features such as IRC, mail and news, and WYSIWYG HTML editing into one software suite.
Although the Mozilla Foundation had intended to make the Mozilla Suite obsolete and replace it with
Firefox, the Foundation continued to maintain the suite until April 12, 2006 because it had many corporate users
and was bundled with other software.
The project which became Firefox started as an experimental branch of the Mozilla Suite
called m/b (or mozilla/browser). After it had been sufficiently developed, binaries for public testing appeared in
September 2002 under the name Phoenix.
The Phoenix name was kept until April 14, 2003, when it was changed because of a trademark dispute with
the BIOS manufacturer, Phoenix Technologies (which produces a BIOS-based browser called Phoenix First Ware
Connect). The new name, Firebird, met with mixed reactions, particularly as the Firebird database server already
carried the name. In response, the Mozilla Foundation stated that the browser should always bear the name Mozilla
Firebird to avoid confusion with the database software. Continuing pressure from the Firebird community forced
another change, and on February 9, 2004 the project was renamed Mozilla Firefox (or Firefox for short).

Lynx
Lynx is a text-based web browser for use on cursor-addressable character cell terminals and is very
configurable. Browsing in Lynx consists of highlighting the chosen link using cursor keys, or having all links
on a page numbered and entering the chosen link's number. Current versions support SSL and
many HTML features. Tables are formatted using spaces, while frames are identified by name and can be
explored as if they were separate pages. Lynx cannot inherently display various types of non-text content on the
web, such as images and video, but it can launch external programs to handle it, such as an image viewer or a
video player.

Because of its text-to-speech–friendly interface, Lynx was once popular with visually impaired users,
but better screen readers have reduced the appeal of this application. Lynx is also used to check for usability of
websites in older browsers. It is still included in a number of Unix products and Linux distributions, and is
particularly useful for reading documentation or downloading files when only a text-based environment is
available. It is also useful for accessing websites from a remotely connected system in which no graphical
display is available. Despite its text-only nature and age, it can still be used to effectively browse much of the
modern web, including performing interactive tasks such as editing Wikipedia. The speed benefits of text-only
browsing are most apparent when using low bandwidth internet connections, or older computer hardware that
may be slow to render image-heavy content.

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Information Sheet – 3 Basic Internet Settings and Configuration

Home page
The term home page is used to refer to the page that is the default page of any website. It is the main
page of a complex website.
Setting-up your home page means that when you open your web browser, the web page that you have
set will be immediately launched by your browser. The most common site that you often use will be your
consideration for setting-up your home page. So every time you will open your browser, it will automatically
go to your favorite site.

Location of Temporary Files

Web pages are stored in a temporary Internet files folder the first time you view them in your web
browser. This speeds up the display of pages you frequently visit or have already seen, because Internet
Explorer can open them from your hard disk instead of from the Internet.
Privacy Level
Internet Explorer offers a number of features to help protect your security and privacy when you browse
the web.
Under Settings, there were several privacy level options you can choose:

 Block All Cookies. Internet Explorer prevents all Web sites from storing cookies on your computer, and
Web sites cannot read existing cookies on your computer. Per-site privacy actions do not override these
settings.
 High. Internet Explorer prevents Web sites from storing cookies that do not have a compact privacy
policy—a condensed computer-readable P3P privacy statement. The browser prevents Web sites from
storing cookies that use personally identifiable information without your explicit consent. Per-site
privacy actions override these settings.
 Medium High. Internet Explorer prevents Web sites from storing third-party cookies that do not have a
compact privacy policy or that use personally identifiable information without your explicit consent. The
browser prevents Web sites from storing first-party cookies that use personally identifiable information
without your implicit consent. The browser also restricts access to first-party cookies that do not have a
compact privacy policy so that they can only be read in the first-party context. Per-site privacy actions
override these settings.
 Medium (default). Internet Explorer prevents Web sites from storing third-party cookies that do not
have a compact privacy policy or that use personally identifiable information without your implicit
consent. The browser allows first-party cookies that use personally identifiable information without your
implicit consent but deletes these cookies from your computer when you close the browser. The browser
also restricts access to first-party cookies that do not have a compact privacy policy so that they can only
be read in the first-party context. Per-site privacy actions override these settings.

 Low. Internet Explorer allows Web sites to store cookies on your computer, including third-party
cookies that do not have a compact privacy policy or that use personally identifiable information without
your implicit consent. When you close the browser, though, it deletes these third-party cookies from
your computer. The browser also restricts access to first-party cookies that do not have a compact
privacy policy so that they can only be read in the first-party context. Per-site privacy actions override
these settings.
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 Accept All Cookies. Internet Explorer allows all Web sites to store cookies on your computer, and Web
sites that create cookies on your computer can read them. Per-site privacy actions do not override these
settings.
Security Level
Why are security settings for web browsers important?
Your web browser is your primary connection to the rest of the internet, and multiple applications may
rely on your browser, or elements within your browser, to function. This makes the security settings within your
browser even more important. Many web applications try to enhance your browsing experience by enabling
different types of functionality, but this functionality might be unnecessary and may leave you susceptible to
being attacked. The safest policy is to disable the majority of those features unless you decide they are
necessary. If you determine that a site is trustworthy, you can choose to enable the functionality temporarily and
then disable it once you are finished visiting the site.
Setting Browsing History
As you browse the Internet, each of the items you view was saved locally on your hard disk drive. This
helps web pages you visit frequently load faster by loading the files from youhard disk drive instead of having
to downloading the web page again. To conserve hard disk drive space or to help keep their Internet browsing
private, users may find it necessary to delete their Internet History, below is how to do this.
Adjusting display/view modes
In recent versions, Windows Internet Explorer has dramatically improved support for established and
emerging industry standards, such as HTML5, Cascading Style Sheets (CSS), Level 3 (CSS3), and Scalable
Vector Graphics (SVG). By default, Internet Explorer properly displays webpages designed to support these
standards. Because some of these standards are still evolving, older websites may not fully support them. In
addition, later versions of certain standards specify different behaviors than earlier versions of the same
standard.
Customize the Internet Explorer toolbars
This information applies to Windows Internet Explorer 7 and Windows Internet Explorer 8.
Internet Explorer has several toolbars, including the Menu bar, the Favorites or Links bar, and the Command
bar. There is also the Address bar, where you can type a web address, and the status bar, which displays
messages such as a webpage's download progress. All of these toolbars can be customized in one way or
another.
Assessing and Retrieving Site Data
What Are Cookies?
Cookies are small files which are stored on a user's computer. They are designed to hold a modest
amount of data specific to a particular client and website, and can be accessed either by the web server or the
client computer. This allows the server to deliver a page tailored to a particular user, or the page itself can
contain some script which is aware of the data in the cookie and so is able to carry information from one visit to
the website (or related site) to the next.
What's in a Cookie?
Each cookie is effectively a small lookup table containing pairs of (key, data) values - for example
(firstname, John) (lastname, Smith). Once the cookie has been read by the code on the server or client computer,
the data can be retrieved and used to customize the web page appropriately.

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When are Cookies Created?

Writing data to a cookie is usually done when a new webpage is loaded - for example after a 'submit'
button is pressed the data handling page would be responsible for storing the values in a cookie. If the user has
elected to disable cookies then the write operation will fail, and subsequent sites which rely on the cookie will
either have to take a default action, or prompt the user to re-enter the information that would have been stored in
the cookie.
Why are Cookies Used?

Cookies are a convenient way to carry information from one session on a website to another, or between
sessions on related websites, without having to burden a server machine with massive amounts of data storage.
Storing the data on the server without using cookies would also be problematic because it would be difficult to
retrieve a particular user's information without requiring a login on each visit to the website.

Loading Images

Images on a web page often make the page load more slowly, especially if you have a relatively slow
connection (e.g., a dial-up connection). To decrease the time it takes to load a page by preventing images from
loading you would need to disable loading of images. But for many instances, you would need to load images
to your browser.
Opening URL
Each time that you type a URL in the address bar or click on a link in Internet Explorer browser, the
URL address is automatically added to the history index file. When you type a sequence of characters in the
address bar, Internet Explorer automatically suggests you all URLs that begin with characters sequence that you
typed (unless AutoComplete feature for Web addresses is turned off). However, Internet Explorer doesn’t allow
you to view and edit the entire URL list that it stores inside the history file.
Deleting Cookies and Browsing History

A cookie, also known as an HTTP cookie, web cookie, or browser cookie, is used for an origin
website to send state information to a user's browser and for the browser to return the state information to the
origin site. The state information can be used for authentication, identification of a user session, user's
preferences, shopping cart contents, or anything else that can be accomplished through storing text data.

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LO2: Search internet

Information Sheet-4 Search internet

2.1 Search parameters

 Key words
 Logical operators
KEYWORD SEARCHING refers to a search type in which you enter words in a search box representing the
concepts you wish to retrieve. Boolean operators are not used.
The Internet is a vast computer database. As such, its contents must be searched according to the rules of
computer database searching. Much database searching is based on the principles of Boolean logic. Boolean
logic refers to the logical relationship among search terms, and is named for the British-born Irish
mathematician George Boole.

On Internet search engines, the options for constructing logical relationships among search terms often modify
the traditional practice of Boolean searching. This will be covered in the section below, Boolean Searching on
the Internet.
Boolean logic consists of three logical operators:
 OR
 AND
 NOT
OR logic collates the results to retrieve all the unique records containing one term, the other term, or both of them.
The more terms or concepts we combine in a search with OR logic, the more results we will retrieve.

College OR University OR campus

AND logic

Poverty AND crime

The more terms or concepts we combine in a search with AND logic, the fewer results we will retrieve.

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NOT logic

Cats NOT dogs

NOT logic excludes records from your search results. Be careful when you use NOT: the term you do want
may be present in an important way in documents that also contain the word you wish to avoid. For example,
consider a Web page that includes the statement that “cats are smarter than dogs." The search illustrated above
would exclude this document from your results.

How to Search the Internet Effectively

Search Engines

Internet search sites can search enormous databases of Web pages, using titles, keywords or text. You can
maximize the potential of search engines by learning how they work, and how to use them quickly and
effectively.

The challenge is to ask your question the right way, so that you don't end up overwhelmed with too many search
results, underwhelmed with too few, or simply unable to locate the material that you need. As with most skills,
practice makes perfect!

Getting Started
Before doing a search, it's important to define your topic as completely and succinctly as possible. Write down
exactly what information you're looking for, why you're looking for it, and what you're not looking for. This
will help you to discover the best keywords for your search.

Keywords
With the exception of search engines such as AskJeeves.com, which will take questions in the form of actual
queries, most work best if you provide them with several keywords. So how do you determine which keywords
will work best?

Use of Phrases
Your most powerful keyword combination is the phrase. Phrases are combinations of two or more words that
must be found in the documents you're searching for in the EXACT order shown. You enter a phrase - such as
"feta cheese" - into a search engine, within quotation marks.
Some searches provide specific options for phrases, while others don't allow them at all; but most will allow
you to enter a phrase in quotation marks. Check the "Help" files of the search engine you're using to be sure
what it accepts.

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Punctuation and Capitalization

Most search engines are insensitive to case: you can type your queries in uppercase, lowercase, or a mix of
cases. If you use lowercase, most engines will match on both upper and lower case; so for general searches,
lowercase is the safest form to use.
Not all search engines handle punctuation the same way. When in doubt, consult the "Help" file.

Boolean Basics

"Boolean" searching (named after George Boole, the 19th-century mathematician who founded the field of
symbolic logic) is a powerful technique that can narrow your search to a reasonable number of results, and
increase the chance of those results being useful. Boolean searches are simple to learn and tremendously
effective. The three most commonly used Boolean commands (or "operators") are AND, OR and AND NOT.

AND means "I want only documents that contain both/all words." For instance, the search "London" AND "Big
Ben" AND "Buckingham Palace" AND "Trafalgar Square" would return only documents that contained all four
keywords or phrases. AND is the most frequently used Boolean command.

OR means "I want documents that contain either word; I don't care which." The query "London" OR "Big Ben"
OR "Buckingham Palace" OR "Trafalgar Square" would return all documents that contained even one of these
four keywords or phrases. Use OR to string together synonyms; be careful about mixing it with AND.

AND NOT means "I want documents that contain this word, but not if the document also contains another
word." The query "London" AND "Big Ben" AND NOT "Buckingham Palace" would return documents that
include London and Big Ben, but not those that also include Buckingham Palace. Remember that AND NOT
only applies to the word or phrase that immediately follows it.

Most search engines support the AND NOT command. It is sometimes called BUT NOT or NOT, and is
sometimes indicated by placing a minus sign (-) before the term or phrase to be removed. (Check the search
tips of the engine you're using to see which form of AND NOT it accepts). Before you apply AND NOT, see
what results you get from a simpler search. AND NOT is a great way to weed out results you don't want, such
as pornography.

Search engines
A web search engine is designed to search for information on the World Wide Web and FTP servers. The
search results are generally presented in a list of results and are often called hits. The information may consist
of web pages, images, information and other types of files. Some search engines also mine data available in
databases or open directories. Unlike web directories, which are maintained by human editors, search engines
operate algorithmically or are a mixture of algorithmic and human input.
 Snap, Quest finder

What is Snap?
Snap is a new kind of search engine; it not only goes out and retrieves results for you, but the more
people use it, the smarter it gets. From the Snap About Us page:

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"Instead of just relying on computer algorithms to rank search results, Snap also uses click-stream information from a
network of one million Internet users. By recording and processing which Web sites users spend time on, and which sites
they quickly leave, Snap improves the likelihood that the search results you get will be the results you're really looking for."
 Ask Jeeves, Google
 Three years after being ushered into retirement as a digital anachronism Jeeves, PG Wodehouse's
all-knowing butler, is being brought back as the brand name of Ask.com in the search engine's
latest multimillion-pound attempt to take on Google.
 Ask.com is to relaunch in the UK as Ask Jeeves three years after ditching the brand. The butler
character will be reintroduced to the search engine's branding and advertising after a makeover - by
Savile Row tailor Gieves& Hawkes, no less - that will ditch Jeeves's pinstripe trousers and coattail
jacket for a trendier look.
 The Jeeves brand will return in a national TV, press, radio and online campaign kicking off this
week after research found that 83% of UK consumers still identified the search engine by the Ask
Jeeves name and butler character.
 As part of the relaunch Jeeves will be given Twitter and Face book accounts - the latter will be
updated later this week with a travel diary and "pictures" of where he has been during his three-
year absence - and the butler will be involved in a series of events this week.
Google Search or Google Web Search is a web search engine owned by Google Inc. Google Search is the
most-used search engine on the World Wide Web, receiving several hundred million queries each day through
its various services.
 Metacrawler, Alta Vista
MetaCrawler is a meta search engine that blends the top web search results
from Google, Yahoo!, Bing (formerly Live Search), Ask.com, About.com, MIVA, LookSmart and other
popular search engines. MetaCrawler also provides users the option to search for images, video, news, yellow
pages and white pages. It used to provide the option to search for audio. MetaCrawler is a registered trademark
of Info Space, Inc.
AltaVista is a web search engine owned by Yahoo!. AltaVista was once one of the most popular search engines
but its popularity declined with the rise of Google. In 2010, Yahoo! announced that it plans to discontinue the
site.
 Excite, Info seek
Excite (spelled and stylized as excite) is a collection of Internet sites and services owned by IAC Search
& Media, which is a subsidiary of Interactive Corporation (IAC). Launched in 1994, it is an online
service offering a variety of content, including an Internet portal, a search engine, a email, instant
messaging, stock quotes, and a customizable user homepage. The content is collated from over 100
different sources. In the 1990s, it was one of the most recognized brands on the Internet.
 Findlink, Lycos
 Northern Light, AOL Netfind
 Hotbot, LookSmart
 Yahoo, Netscape

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 Open Text, WebCrawler

 Meta Search, Go To Dot Com
 Beaucoup, Search.com
 Go2Network, Savvy Search
 Profusion, Dogpile
 Metagopher,

SAVE SEARCH RESULTS

Save your search results

If you regularly look for a certain group of files and end up performing the same search over and over again to find them,
you might find it useful to save your search results. When you save a search, you don't have to manually rebuild the same
view of your files every time; you only need to open that search, and Windows will perform a rapid search and display
only the most current files that match the original search you performed.

Creating bookmark

Internet Explorer

Creating a bookmark in Microsoft Internet Explorer can be done several different ways. Below is each of the different
methods for creating a bookmark.

Right-click on a blank portion of the page and click Add to Favorites.

Or

1. Move to the page you wish to add to your Favorites.

2. At the top of the browser window click Favorites.
3. Click Add to Favorites.

Once one of the above steps has been completed an Add Favorite window will appear and allow you to add a
favorite to your favorites list. If you encounter any problems with creating bookmarks see the
below troubleshooting section.

Thank you!

14 SSUC Department of IT