Worksheet in Science 7

1st Quarter

MELCs: Scientific Ways of Acquiring Knowledge and Solving Problems

Objectives:
 identify the steps of a scientific method;
 use the scientific method in solving problem through an experiment; and
 relate scientific method in daily life.

What I Know
Directions: Read each item carefully. Write only the letter of the correct answer for each
question. Use a separate sheet for your answers.

1. What is the correct order of steps in the scientific method?

A. Ask a question, make a hypothesis, test the hypothesis, draw conclusions, and
analyze results.
B. Ask a question, make a hypothesis, test the hypothesis, analyze results, and draw
conclusions.
C. Ask a question, analyze results, make a hypothesis, test the hypothesis, and draw
conclusions.
D. Make a hypothesis, test the hypothesis, analyze results, ask a question, and draw
conclusions.

2. Which of the following questions is best considered as scientific?

A. Who invented electricity?
B. How long did dinosaurs live on Earth?
C. How many koalas are there in Australia?
D. Does the amount of salt in water affect the temperature at which it
boils?

3. What is the process of obtaining information using your senses?

A. Inquiry
B. Conclusion
C. Observation
D. Scientific Method

4. What variable can be changed or manipulated?

A. Dependent variable
B. Experimental variable
C. Independent variable
D. Uncontrolled variable
5. A scientist hypothesizes that the temperature at which an ostrich’s egg is incubated will
determine whether the ostrich will be male or female. What is the independent variable of this
experiment?
A. Scientist
B. Incubator
C. Temperature
D. gender of the ostrich

6. Please refer to situation in number 5, what is the dependent variable?

A. Scientist
B. Incubator
C. Temperature
D. gender of the ostrich

7. What do you call an idea or explanation that you test through study and experimentation?
A. Question
B. Hypothesis
C. Conclusion
D. Observation

8. What do you call the things in an experiment that must be the same to make it fair?
A. Controlled variables
B. Dependent variables
C. Independent variables
D. Uncontrolled variables

9. A scientist is already contemplating whether the data of his experiments support his
hypothesis. At this point the scientist is __________________.
A. asking a question
B. making observations
C. drawing a conclusion
D. forming a hypothesis

10. Which refers to scientific procedure undertaken by scientists to test a hypothesis and make
a discovery or demonstrate a known fact?
A. Theory
B. Inference
C. Conclusion
D. Experiment
11. When a scientist shares her findings with other scientists, she is ____________.
A. experimenting
B. analyzing data
C. making a hypothesis
D. communicating results

12. In which step of the scientific method do we want to use graphs?

A. Analyze data
B. Asking questions
C. Make hypothesis
D. Communicate results

13. Why is the Scientific Method an important process in doing experiments?

A. It takes more work but it’s worth it.
B. It helps the experiment to take longer and be better.
C. It ensures that the results can be trusted and repeated.
D. It ensures that the people doing the experiments are scientific.

14. What is the purpose of doing multiple trials in an experiment?

A. To get as much data as possible.
B. To make sure the procedure is done correctly every time.
C. Eliminate observations that are not typical and reduce errors.
D. To double-check the results so they are the same each time.

15. A series of steps designed to help you solve problems and answer questions.
A. Experiment
B. Hypothesis
C. Observation
D. Scientific method

What’s In
There you go! Now may I ask you, when you are curious about a certain happening, like what
breakfast that gives you more energy or what is the fastest route from your house to school,
what will you do?

What’s New
Hello there! I need your help. I want to find out the series of steps of a scientific method to
become a scientist. Can you help me? All we have to do is read and understand the context
below to find these steps. Are you ready? Let’s start!
Activity 1.1
Science is a way of thinking and a way of gathering knowledge about the world that is
both accurate and reliable. It is the quest to understand and improve our knowledge of the
world around us, and how the things in it work or why they work the way they do.

The scientific method is like the road map that you follow to get to that destination. It is
the process by which science is carried out, as in other areas of inquiry; science through
scientific method can build on previous knowledge and develop a more sophisticated
understanding of its topics of study over time.

When using scientific method to carry out your own investigation, the first thing you
need to do is observe then ask questions. Just look at all the things around you. Does something
make you curious? Does something seem strange to you? Do you wonder what causes
something or why something happens? Have you asked yourself; why is the sky blue? What
makes soda fizzy? The possibilities for observations and questions are endless.

The next scientific method will involve you to test hypothesis. Hypothesis is an educated
guess. It is a preliminary answer to the question you have asked that you will test to see if it
seems to be true. Keep in mind that it does not matter whether your hypothesis is “right” or
“wrong.” The next step is to test your hypothesis wherein you will design and conduct an
experiment. After your experiment, make sure to record the observations and data so you will
be able to analyze the results.

Finally, you need to draw conclusions. The main aim is to summarize the findings of your
experiment and determine whether your hypothesis is accepted or rejected.

What is It
Did you understand the context? You can now write the six basic steps of a scientific method
below inside the box.

1.

6. 2.

5. 3.

4.
 BASIC STEPS OF SCIENTIFIC METHOD
1. MAKE OBSERVATIONS

There are tons of everyday activities that would make cool science experiments using
the scientific method. A student noticed that ice melted fast in water.

2. COME UP WITH A QUESTION

The students’ observations should lead to some sort of questions. Does ice melt faster in
different liquids? Curiosity on what happens to the ice in liquids is a simple science experiment
perfect for using the scientific method.

3. DEVELOP A HYPOTHESIS OR PREDICTION

You have made your observations and you have your questions. Now you need to make
a prediction about what you think will happen next.

A hypothesis is not simply a guess! A hypothesis is an educated guess or

tentative answer to a problem. The student thinks that ice will melt faster in juice
than it will in water. Maybe he just wants to get a drink of juice out of it.

Example:
1. What happens to the growth of mongo seeds if table salt was added to the soil?
2. Tomato seeds may grow faster in colder temperature.
Hypothesis:
1. If the amount of salt added to the soil increases, then the growth of mongo seeds decreases.
2. If tomato seeds were planted in colder temperature, then the seeds will grow at a faster rate.

Let’s Try This

1. What effect does temperature have on the dissolution rate of sugar in water?
Hypothesis: _____________________________________________________
2. Eating chocolates may cause pimples.
Hypothesis: _____________________________________________________

Variables
Identifying and controlling variables involve the process of deciding which variables or
factors will influence the outcome of an experiment, situation or event and deliberately control
all recognized variables in a systematic manner.
 Variables in an experiment may be independent or dependent. The variable that is being
manipulated or controlled is called independent variable. The dependent variable changes
because of a test. It is the effect that arises from the changes in the independent variable.

Quick Check:
Marshmallow Muscles
Larry was told that a certain muscle cream was the newest best thing on the market and claims
to double a person’s muscle power when used as a part of a muscle-building workout.
Interested in this product, he buys the special muscle cream and recruits Patrick and
SpongeBob to help him with an experiment. Larry develops a special marshmallow weightlifting
program for Patrick and SpongeBob. He meets with them once every day for a period of 2
weeks and keeps track of their results. Before each session Patrick’s arms and back are lathered
in the muscle cream, while SpongeBob’s arm and back are lathered with the regular lotion.
(Source: www.kent.edu)

Time Patrick SpongeBob

Initial Amount 18 5
After 1 week 24 9
After 2 weeks 33 17

Directions:
Answer the following questions. Write your answer in a separate sheet.
1. What is the independent variable?
2. What is the dependent variable?
3. What should Larry’s conclusion be?

4. CONDUCT AN EXPERIMENT OR TEST THE HYPOTHESIS

We made a prediction that ice will melt faster in juice than in water, and now we must
test our hypothesis. We set up an experiment with a glass of juice, a glass of water and an ice
cube for each.
For the best experiments, only one thing should change! Here, we are changing the type
of liquid we use but keeping the ice cube, the temperature, and measurements of the liquid the
same. If too many factors change at once, you cannot accurately state what the results are.
The liquids should be roughly the same temperature (as close as possible) and measured
to the same amount, so we left them out to come to room temperature. This could also be
tested right out of the fridge! Set up a stopwatch or set a time limit to observe the changes!
5. RECORD AND ANALYZE THE RESULTS

Make sure to record what is happening as well as the results. Note changes at specific
time intervals or after one set time interval. When each ice cube is completely melted, add
drawings if you wish at the end results. Was your prediction accurate? If it is not accurate, state
the reason/s.

6. DRAW CONCLUSIONS

This is the opportunity to talk about your hypothesis, your experiment, your results, and
your conclusion which is the final answer to your problem or experiment!

What’s More
Directions: Use the scientific method in solving problem through an experiment.
Answer the following questions.
1. What is the problem in this activity?
2. Formulate your hypothesis. (List down at least 3 hypotheses)
3. What is the dependent variable?
4. What is the independent variable?
5. Analyze your results. Which type of liquid will prevent the apple from turning brown?
a. lemon
b. milk
c. soda
d. water

What I Have Learned

Directions: Read the paragraph carefully and identify the correct words that fit in the given
sentences inside the box. Write your answer on a separate sheet.

Analyze the results Draw a conclusion Six Dependent

Question/Problem Scientific Method Hypothesis Observation
Independent Test the hypothesis

(1)____________________ is a process that involves observation, data gathering,

experimentation and analysis. This method is composed of (2)_______ steps. By making a
detailed (3)____________________ of the world around you through your senses, you can be
able to formulate a (4)____________________. This step will lead you to an educated guess
called (5)____________________, where you can have tentative answer to your question. In
order for you to prove your educated guess you need to (6)____________________ by
designing and conducting an experiment. In the experiment you need to identify the variables
present and these are the (7)____________________ and (8)____________________ variables.
The data from the experiment will be collected to (9)____________________. The summarized
results from the experiment will determine whether the hypothesis is accepted or rejected and
that is where you (10)__________________.
What I Can Do
Directions: Design a simple scientific investigation on a specific problem in your area or at
home, write it on your science notebook. For example, you turn the light switch ON and the
bulb does not light inside your room. Use scientific method in your investigation. Describe each
step that you will do to solve the problem.
Assessment
Directions: Read each item carefully. Write only the letter of the correct answer for each
question. Use a separate sheet for your answers.

1. What skill is used by a scientist when he/she listens to the sounds that are produced by
whales?
A. Interpreting data
B. Drawing conclusions
C. Making a hypothesis
D. Making observations

2. What is the correct order of the steps in the scientific method?

A. Ask a question, analyze results, make a hypothesis, test the hypothesis, draw
conclusions, communicate results.
B. Ask questions, make a hypothesis, test the hypothesis, analyze results, draw
conclusions, communicate results.
C. Ask a question, make a hypothesis, test hypothesis, draw conclusions, analyze results,
communicate results.
D. Make a hypothesis, test the hypothesis, analyze the results, ask a question, draw
conclusions, communicate results.

3. Which of the following hypotheses is written correctly?

A. If frozen tennis balls will not bounce as high.
B. If I heat up a tennis ball it will bounce high.
C. If I freeze a tennis ball, then it will not bounce as high.
D. If a tennis ball is frozen, it will not bounce as high as one that is not frozen.

4. A scientist conducted an experiment to determine how the amount of salt in

a body of water affects the number of plants that can live in the water. Which
is the independent variable?
A. Water
B. Temperature of the water
C. Amount of salt in the water
D. Number of plants in the water

5. A scientist conducted an experiment to determine how the amount of salt in a body of water
affects the number of plants that can live in the water. In this experiment, which is the
dependent variable?
A. Water
B. Temperature of the water
 C. Amount of salt in the water
D. Number of plants in the water

6. What is the last step in scientific method?

A. Writing report
B. Collecting data
C. Analyzing data
D. Drawing conclusions

7. Why is experiment important?

A. helps create jobs for scientists.
B. creates more questions to be answered.
C. ensures that many tools are used safely and accurately.
D. allows for new discoveries and knowledge in science.

8. Why is Scientific Method an important process in doing experiments?

A. It takes more work but it is worth it.
B. It helps the experiment to take longer and be better.
C. It ensures that the results can be trusted and repeated.
D. It ensures that the people doing the experiments are scientific.

9. What skill is involved when you use fine senses to gather information?
A. Observing
B. Posing questions
C. Developing hypothesis
D. Designing experiments

10.Which step that follows formulating and objectively testing hypotheses?

A. Interpreting results
B. Stating conclusions
C. Conducting experiments
D. Making observations and collecting data

11.What do you call a series of logical steps that is followed in order to solve a problem?
A. Model method
B. Scientific theory
C. Scientific method
D. Experimental process
12.How do scientists test their hypothesis?
A. Designing models
B. Doing experiments
C. Drawing conclusions
D. Formulating questions

13.What do you call the information gathered during experiments?

A. Data
B. Theory
C. Conclusion
D. Hypothesis

14.What step should be completed first to solve a problem?

A. Analyzing data
B. Drawing conclusions
C. Testing a hypothesis
D. Recognizing and identifying the problem

15.Which of the following steps to solve a problem must be completed last?

A. Analyzing data
B. Drawing conclusions
C. Testing a hypothesis
D. Recognizing and identifying the problem

Additional Activity
Yes, you have made it! Consider yourself a scientist. Below are the steps of scientific method.
Match Column A with their description in Column B. Write the letter only.