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[email protected]

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1.Temporary in nature, with a definite start and end date, creates a unique product, service, or result. It
is completed when the goals and objectives of the project have been met and signed off on by the
stakeholders.

2.Project manager

3.identifying project objectives

4.identifying project problem

5.True

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1.The kind of house built without planning will be

-Aesthetically unpleasing

-Unnecessary partitioning

-Misplace of openings such as doors, windows

-Does not meet the requirements of relevant building code standards

-Wrong staircase dimension ( e.g. mistake on number of threads and risers, improper placement of
landing of stair , etc.)

2.-since there is no plan the activities to be done day to day is not known so it’s full of mishaps

-There is no known plan how to do the project so the Engineer will not have the knowledge how to
execute the work

3.-Scoping

-Costing

-Scheduling

4.The project is undertaken with the estimated cost that considers the time and resource to complete
the project with in the schedule so the project manager should be bounded to work with in the cost and
budgetary requirements.

5.it is important because the parameters that control project such as time, resources and risk is critical
and need making good estimation. But if the estimation is lower than the project needs it will affect the
progress of the project due to the lack of enough time, money, materials or people. At the same time
even if the estimation is over estimated then the company will have to face losses due to the extra
expenses or even if the project is sanctioned other projects don’t go on since there is less to go around.
So for any successful project management estimation is vital part of project.
6.A project without properly estimated cost of undertaking might result in insufficient resources. And
results in reduction in team members, or external contractors as the money simply won’t be there to
pay them and the final outcome will be negatively affected. On the other hand, unnecessary cost is not
prevented and correct amount of budget is not allocated to each corresponding need. This effects on
meeting the client’s expectation not being able to deliver the agreed upon deliverables and quality
standards of the project products might have a significant effect on our credibility and future
development as a professional and this might influence our organization reputation and have a negative
impact on our team members.

7.A project manager does scoping to avoid common problems like

-requirements that need rethink in the middle of the project

-requirements that constantly change

-the final outcome not being what the client expected

-the budget overrunning

Effective scoping can help to avoid some of these issues by clearly defining and communicating the
scope to all parties involved in the project. Project scope helps to distinguish what is and what is not
involved in the project and controls what is allowed and removed as it is executed.

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1.-partition wall

-window and door

-wall skirting ceramics

-ceramic tile

-sanitary equipment

-Plumbing

-electricity

-lighting

2.-measuremnts

-block work

-installation of door and windows

-water proofing the floor

-levelling and sloping the floor

-installing ceramic tile on the floor

-plastering the wall

-installing pipe lines

-installing electricity lines

-installing lightings

-installing sanitary equipment

3.the scope of the project includes

-setting up the room by partitioning it from the big room. When partitioning is done door and window
openings are left. The partitioning is made with block by aligning it vertically straight with proper
measurements to confine the room.

-Plastering of the walls and grouting them to be ready for installation of ceramic tiling

-leveling the floor and making it water proof with epoxy and sloping it for drainage of water

-making the floor ready for installation of the ceramic floor tiles

-installation of pipelines for entrance of water and exist of waste water

-installation of electric lines such as socket for use of boilers

-installation of lamps

-installation of sanitary equipment such as bath tub, toilet, water closet. Boiler

-installation of door and windows

Out of scope of the project are

-preparing septic tank for removal of wastes

-painting of the room

-cleaning of the room after finishing the room

4.The owner

-The construction materials shop we will buy from

-kebele

-the electric company

-the current renters of the service quarters

-the project manager

-the contractor
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1.scope refers to the detailed set of deliverables or features of a project. The deliverables are derived
from a projects requirement.

2.it means that project managers will give insufficient time and effort on the planning phase so that later
on the pressure to complete the project in a specified amount of time may have caused them to either
skip or rush on tasks to be done on the project. For example, on the wedding ceremony if the decoration
was not properly planned and the time for the wedding is closer. They mush rush to decor the wedding
hall in that they will compromise the quality of the decoration.

3.to define scope you need to start by identifying the following three things

-clarify around the project objectives

-the tasks that need to be performed

-the resources that will be required

4.it means to be very clear on what value you expect to achieve from this project.

5.to clarify this objective

-what kind of paint?

-When is it to be painted?

-At what cost is it going to be painted?

-who is going to paint it?

6.-hiring a painter

-buying paints and brushes

-painting

7.the resources needed are

-Human resource which is painter

-material resource like paints, brush, ladder

-budget which is money

8.it means that after we identify the objective, tasks and resources we have to define the areas to be
covered by the project and the areas that is not covered by the project.

9.aspects that is excluded includes water proof painting since there is no vulnerability to leakage of
water.

10.- painting the wall

-painting the ceiling

11.-art work painting

-painting of the door

12.yes

13.yes

14.yes

15.yes

16.NO

17.except accurate product definition

18.because if the excluded item is not known we will not be specific for our customers. For example, on
the construction of the bathroom we must do the interior things needed for the project but if we are
going to dig for septic tank it’s going to be additional cost and service.

19.it means that at the scoping stage what needs to be known is the objectives and things to be done to
achieve the objectives and things that are not included in the objective.

It is a good thing because it helps us to understand the general aspect of the project without limitations.

20.it is important know the scope of a project to develop a work breakdown structure.

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1.increase scope, increase time, increase budget

2.scope

3.budget

4.time/duration

5.true

6.time/duration

7.increase the budget and hire extra labor

8.time/duration

9.budget

10.time/duration

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1.-defining the activities

-sequencing these activities

-estimating the activity duration to complete

-developing schedule

2.it means that the tasks need to be performed to produce the project deliverables or outcomes these
actions must relate to the deliverables determined in the WBS. If the task does not fit with the WBS then
either the activity is unnecessary or something has been left out of the WBS.

3.they are related in that all the activities which are defined, sequenced, and estimated with the
necessary resources and duration contribute to the production of the deliverable.

4.when defining the activities for this project we think of the activities to plant teff which are

-preparing field

-plowing the filed

-planting

-fertilizing

5.sequencing activities means that ordering the activities in their chronology or procedures from start to
end an it involves making decision about the process flow of tasks that need to be completed, in
addition certain tasks might be related so we need to identify any dependent relationships between
them.

6.the sequence of the activities in the above project are

-preparing field

-preparing the ox for ploughing

-plowing the filed

-planting

-fertilizing

7.it means that to perform a particular activity resources such as materials, people and equipment are
needed to undertake each activity. So it requires us to consider the amount of work needed to complete
individual activities using estimated resource

8.resources needed are when using traditional farming

-land------ 1 timad

-ox-------- 2

-farmer-------- 1

-seed -----------2kuna

-fertilizer-------- 1 kuna
9.it means that determining the time required to complete the work needed in each activity using the
estimated resource.

10.-ploughing-----------40 days 4 round each with 10 days difference

-planting ----------1 day

-fertilizing-------------8 weeks after planting

11. it means that the process of analyzing activity sequence, durations, resource requirements, and
schedule constraints to create the project schedule model.

12.because the schedule should be refined before implementation phase of the project commencement
the stakeholder might change

13. For example on the tree planting project if digging a hole and planting are under the preparation
breakdown it's unfit activity so it means that the planting break down is missing on the structure.

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1.the first thing we need to do is estimate the various costs that will be incurred during the project and
to completely identify project activities.

2.it means that taking those factors in to account to calculate a budget that meets the financial
commitment necessary for a successful project

For example, to develop a cost estimate janet would need to do the following firstly estimate the
resources required for the activities she will need to undertake in a kitchen these may be quantities of
materials which in her case would be tiles and tile cement equipment such as tile cutter suppliers and
additional human resource

3.because it will help us to be our reference to estimate the cost. For example, if a contractor has an
experience of building a mixed G+11 building he will have the necessary information and knowledge to
estimate the cost of building of a new project of the same kind of building. So he will have a good
reference for the new project.

4.because it will make us deliver our project with in predetermined amount

-it will help us to spend money within the scope of the project

-it will help us to know where the money is going

-it will help us to know if there is additional cost

5. true

6.because when duration of time of the activities is increased or decreased it has an impact on the cost
and scope of our project. For example, if we determine the finish work of a building to take 1 month and
it take 1 week more than the estimated time the cost of the project increase because there will be
additional payment for the labors.
7.de-scoping is reducing scope on some of the existing activity in the original scopes and usually
comprises with quality. For example, if a project has 3 deliverables but has only finished 2 of them by
the deadline the project may be developed to make it appear successful.

8.we de-scope when the scope change cannot be accommodated in that we have the option to tradeoff
by reducing scope on some of the existing activities.

9.the options are

-we can seek additional budget support based on the impact of the cost estimate that the change
edition will have

-the other is we would need to trade off by reducing scope on some of the existing activities on the
original scope

10.the thing we consider when developing cost estimate are the resources required for the activities and
the duration of each of these activities.

11.what I will need to consider is to decrease the scope to reduce the cost or decrease the time to
reduce the cost compromising on the quality of the work.

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Project planning takes the initiation to the next level of the maturity. We use our intellectual skill,
personal and working skill and try to understand and articulate in a more detailed way how to execute
the project. Planning is manifested with schedule, budget, description of the work. Once the work is
decomposed into workable elements we can determine the time and resources needed which helps to
prepare the schedule. The other dimension is that the resource should ensure that you have the right
people to do the task and that task is properly scoped so when the resources are allocated they are
ready to go and they are setup for success right from the start.

The project plan should be documented in executable form since the plan is key to execution. The
project plan defines all stakeholders and it is a point of reference as to what the project is about in
terms of the mission, the vision of the project, the objectives, how the project is going to be executed,
the process and procedure that will be applied, how the project will be scheduled, what is the budget,
what are the resource allocated, and how is the project going to be monitored and controlled as a
feedback mechanism.

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1.because it helps us to demonstrate the application of the planning element and determine what is to
be included. The correct sequence of the activities enables the development of the optimal time frame
for completion of the project.

2.for example, while partitioning a building if we do not have a plan which partition belong to which
room we would have unorganized and unfair division of rooms that are unnecessary.

3.it will delay completion of the project and result in a budget blow out.
4.the key to reducing the schedule is to identify the activities that do not have dependencies or in other
words activities that can start without waiting for another to be completed and occur at the same time
as others.

5.prepare a lot

6.lay foundation

7.

8.-install plumbing

-install wiring

9.they were able to fast track the project by completing some activities simultaneously by reducing the
amount of time to complete the project

10.crashing the schedule is a technique to use when fast tracking has not saved enough time on the
schedule. It is a technique in which resources are added to the project for the least cost possible. Cost
and schedule tradeoffs are analyzed to determine how to obtain the greatest amount of compression
for least increment cost.

11.NO

12.true

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1.the purpose of the planning phase of the project life cycle is to put plans in motion so that you can
execute or implement the project properly. Without clear and thorough planning you run the risk of
having insufficient resources, bad time management and over spending on your project. Key questions
you need to address include

-how do you define the scope of the project

-what planning needs to be done

-what resources do I need

-when does it need to be done by

-how much will it cost

In order to achieve some robustness in dealing with these questions we could need to gather more
information around the project objectives, what needs to be delivered, and how you might go about
doing those things. A good starting point is to recap the three main areas that are in the planning phase
of the life cycle which are scoping, scheduling, and costing. Scoping looks at the requirement activities
that need to be completed to meet the project objectives. The project scope provides the information
basis to develop a work break down structure that carefully considers all of the activities and
deliverables that need to be completed. To make a smoother work flow the activities has to be
sequenced in their specific order that will work best to complete all of the tasks which should go first
and to think about the relationship between the activities and how they might work in optimal order.
You will also need to consider the dependencies for each activity before refining your schedule. You can
determine the costing for the resources required to complete each of these activities. You will need to
identify human resources, material, equipment, and how much time is required to deploy them. To
complete an activity, you can then begin to consider your financial constraints and how you will arrange
the budget to pay for the resources to complete the project. Planning is usually the longest part of the
project life cycle and for good reason getting the planning right from the start encourages you to do
sufficient research to look into the future so that you can time manage all of the resources and activities
required to execute the project.