Comparative Study between Rice Water and Fish Scraps as

Fertilizers for the Growth of Ipomoea Aquatica (Kangkong)

A Science Investigatory Project

Presented to:

Mr. Edgardo M. Rondina

Misamis Oriental General Comprehensive High School

A Fulfillment of the Requirement for an Investigatory Project

Of Science 10

Presented By:

Yulgette Canibel

Filenhiel Tamala

Nicole Solarte

Isabella Gonzales

Christina Olmo

Danielle Pabualan

Aljun Jay Alcantara

Grade 10 – Einstein

S.Y. 2020-2021

February 5, 2021
 ii

ABSTRACT

The researchers propose a topic entitled: Comparative Study

between Rice Water and Fish Scraps as Fertilizers for the Growth of
Kangkong (Ipomoea Aquatica). This research topic is to set one’s sight on
which fertilizer has more potential on improving the growth of the
designated plant that was conducted in different environments. The
general objective of this study is to know which of the two fertilizers
namely; Fish Scraps and Rice Water is more effective to the plant growth
of Ipomoea Aquatica (Kangkong) as well as taking care of the plant and
recording data measurements, the number of its leaves, and the stem
height of the plant.

The researchers analyzed and observed the said topic about the
development of the plant as well as quantity of the leaves, the color of the
plant, the height its stem. By using the two alternative fertilizers (rice
water and fish scraps) with the commercial fertilizer (16-20-0), it is
stated to be that on which fertilizer is more efficient and quicker to utilize
their benefits to the plant, Ipomoea Aquatica.

The hypothesis of this research study focuses on the significant

difference between the two fertilizers namely; fish scraps and rice water.
The null hypothesis is stated in a null form: There is no significant
difference between rice water and fish scraps as fertilizers to the growth
of Ipomoea Aquatica (Kangkong) planted in different environment. As for
the alternative hypothesis: There is a significant difference between rice
water and fish scraps as fertilizers to the growth of Ipomoea Aquatica
(Kangkong) planted in different environment. The hypothesis was tested
using F-test at 0.05 level of probability.

The researchers conducted the study by dividing the plants into

three groups; the rice water group, fish scraps group, and the controlled
group. Both treatments (rice water and fish scraps) were already proven
and tested by previous research studies and generally, both are
significant as fertilizers. To be able to do this study, the researchers
planned the procedure fairly.1 cup full of fish scraps were then crushed
into pieces adding 1 cup of water, and 1 cup of the mixture was placed in
a container. For rice water, the first wash of the rice was used. Both
fertilizers were set aside for a day in order to preserve.
 iii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First and foremost, the researchers would like to thank our

Almighty God for guiding their research group and for giving knowledge

and wisdom in conducting the said experiment. Second, the researchers

would like to thank their parents for supporting them in this project.

From buying the materials needed, to giving advice on what to do on the

study. They would also like to thank their research teacher, Sir Edgardo

Rondina, for educating them and guiding them throughout the whole

study. Lastly, the researchers would like to thank themselves for making

this study possible and for doing their best to participate and help each

other as a group for this research study.

 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page i

Abstract ii

Acknowledgement iii

Table of Contents iv

Chapter I – Introduction 1

a. The Problem 1

b. Theoretical Framework 3

c. Statement of the problem 4

d. Hypothesis 4

e. Significance of the study 5

f. Scope and Delimitation of the study 5

g. Definition of Terms 6

Review of Related Literature 7

Chapter II – Methodology 13

a. Materials 13

b. Procedure 13

c. Method of Data Collection 14

d. Validity of Data 15
 e. Research Design 15

f. Schematic Diagram 16

Chapter III - Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data 17

Chapter IV – Conclusion 25

Chapter III – Recommendation 26

References or Bibliography 27

Appendices 31
 1

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

The Problem

Nowadays, people struggle to save money because of the current

situation. This study utilizes kitchen wastes (Fish Scraps and Rice

Water) to use as a fertilizer for the Ipomoea Aquatica (Kangkong). The

Researchers conducted this study to compare fertilizers (Fish Scraps and

Rice Water). It is to know which of these fertilizers are better when

applied on Ipomoea Aquatica (Water Spinach) that is planted on different

environment with different weather.

Kangkong

Kangkong grows very well with the right amount of sunlight; To

grow more leaves, the plant has to have at least four hours of sunlight

daily. Watering regularly is important to keep the soil moist. When

growing a Kangkong in containers, it is crucial to water the plant that

reaches its deepest roots. The plant Kangkong will thrive when you use

fertilizer every three months for a healthy growth of new leaves and

stems. Sandra Handy (2020).

 2

Rice Water

Rice water is a mild fertilizer. By using this fertilizer consistently, it

could take a person’s worry out of over fertilizing. The starches from

leftover rice water will help encourage beneficial soil bacteria, while the

vitamins and minerals will add small amounts of NPK to the soil.

Dr. Kris (2019).

Fish Scraps

Fishing is not only a fun activity for the family, but it also has a

positive effect on your garden. Using fish scraps provide additional

nutrition to the soil. The internet has a lot of recommendations with

websites and blogs that has amazing results if a person will buy this-or-

that brand. Homemade fish fertilizers are cheaper, and an organic

alternative to store-bought fish emulsion.

It explains how plants cannot absorb the proteins, oils, and other

nutrients found in a fish, because they are too large and must first be

broken down by soil microbes. Plants responds more to the nitrogen

content, and there is less nitrogen in fish fertilizers than in conventional

fertilizers. Lilly Lee (2017).

 3

Theoretical Framework

The diagram below shows that the fish scraps, rice water,

temperature and the weather are the independent variables. The

dependent variable is the Height and number of leaves of Ipomoea

Aquatica (Kangkong). Meanwhile, the intervening variables are the pest

and diseases.

Independent Dependent Variables:

Variables: height and number of
fish scraps, rice water, leaves of Ipomoea
temperature, weather Aquatica (Kangkong)

Intervening Variables:
pest and diseases
 4

Statement of the Problem

The researcher seeks to answer the following question.

 Is there any significant difference between rice water and fish

scraps as fertilizers to the growth of Ipomoea Aquatica (Kangkong)

planted in different environment?

Hypothesis

Null Hypothesis

The null hypothesis is stated in null form.

 There is no significant difference between rice water and fish

scraps as fertilizers to the growth of Ipomoea Aquatica

(Kangkong) that is planted in different environment.

Alternative Hypothesis

 There is a significant difference between rice water and fish

scraps as fertilizers to the growth of Ipomoea Aquatica

(Kangkong) that is planted in different environment.

The hypothesis was tested using F-test at 0.05 level of probability.

 5

Significance of the Study

This study is very important as it helps fertilize not only your plant

but also your soil. This study is also important in terms of agriculture

because the researchers used pots for the plants that helps save space in

and it also helps control pests. In terms of economy, this study is

important because it is a budget-friendly fertilizer and people won’t need

to spend a lot on growing their Ipomoea Aquatica (Kangkong).

Scope and Delimitation of the Study

The study focuses only in the growth of Ipomoea Aquatica

(Kangkong). This includes the number of leaves and the height of the

stem. Also, to identify which of the two fertilizers (rice water and fish

scraps) is more effective on the growth of Ipomoea Aquatica (Kangkong)

that is planted in different environment. The researchers’ schedule of

applying fertilizer is once a week with the measurement of the rice water

(1 cup) and the fish scraps (1 cup).

 6

Definition of Terms

Fish Scraps – a fish waste that is useful as a fertilizer to feed leafy

green vegetables due to its high nitrogen content.

Rice Water – a well-known nourishing organic fertilizer for the

plants. Insects like fruit flies, plant lice, flea beetle, aphids and

other pests can be reduced using rice water.

Ipomoea Aquatica - a semi-aquatic, tropical plant grown as a

vegetable for its tender shoots.

 7

CHAPTER II

A Review of the Related Literature

Ipomoea Aquatica or Water Spinach is commonly found in the

Southeast Asian region known as vegetable, it is a semi-aquatic plant

that can grow in or near water and moist soils. It is also known by other

terms such as: Kangkong, river spinach, water morning glory, Chinese

convolvulus, Chinese spinach, and more. There are some requirements

for growing Water Spinach, it needs evenly moist, wet, and nutrient-

rich soil of pH level around 6 – 7, it grows in a warm and humid

subtropical and tropical climate, so it is essential to provide it full sun.

However, it also grows in partial shade. If growing on the ground you

don’t need to fertilize it often but in containers fertilize it with high in

nitrogen liquid fertilizer every other week (Balcony Garden Web, 2020).

How much fertilizer is used for the cultivation strongly depends on the

region. Most research is from the '80s and '90s. Generally, it has been

shown that a dose of 60 kg N/ha is sufficient and that the application

of K can be beneficial on the yield. Also, the application of plant growth

regulators, for example Adenine and Zetanine, has been found to be an

effective means to promote water spinach growth. One study has

determined, that the highest yields are produced with the application of

60 kg/ha of N, 90 kg/ha of P2O5 and 50 kg/ha of K2O for the first harvest.

For the second harvest the optimal fertilization was determined as 120

kg/ha of N, 45 kg/ha of P2O5 and 100 kg/ha of K2O (Pandey, A.K. ,2011).

Vegetables require many nutrient elements for good growth and

production, but N, P and K are three elements of most concern. Leafy

vegetables are especially heavy users of nitrogen (Luyen L.T et al, 2004).

According to (Susila A.D et al), fertilization is one of the important

management practices that can be implemented to increase vegetable

yield, Nitrogen and Potassium together with Phosphorus are some of the

fundamental elements that are important to achieve high marketable

yield and are essential for early growth and root development of Ipomoea

Aquatica or Kangkong. Mineral nutrients are absorbed by plants from

the soil solution as ions.  An ion is the charged particle formed by the

removal or addition of electrons to any particular atom or molecule. The

ions have two possible pathways for roots uptake: through the cell walls

and intercellular spaces and movement cell-to-cell in the symplasm.  The

pathway is blocked at the endodermis by casparian bands in the cell

walls.  These barriers force the water and ions to move through cellular

membranes if they are to be absorbed by the root (Dyna-Gro).

Nutrients that were loss from washing of rice is now gained by the

water. After washing rice, it loses up to 7% protein, 30% crude fiber, 15%

amino acids, 25% calcium (Ca), 47% total phosphorus (P), 47% iron (Fe),

11% zinc (Zn), 41% potassium (K), 59% thiamine, 26% riboflavin, and

60% niacin. It could be hypothesised that the leached nutrients now in

 9

the rice water could be beneficial to our houseplants (Kris, 2019). Fish

Scraps (Fish Waste) may be processed to proteins, amino acids, peptides,

collagen, oil, minerals, enzymes, flavours, and other compounds (Ahuja

et al., 2020). Wastes can be converted into organic fertilizers through

composting and through manufacture of fish-based fertilizers such as

fish emulsion, fish hydrosylate, and fish solubles (Kentucky, 1997-2021).

Rice contains starch which are mainly present in rice water. These

starches are beneficial to plants, encouraging healthy bacteria that grow

in the rhizosphere. Its ability to provide fast and instant energy while

provide a essential source of vitamin B1 to the human body. It has

presence of trace amount of N, P and K which also influence the plant

growth. In some of the cultivar rice water has reported very trace amount

of Fe and Zn (Tarafdar, 2017).

A scientific study was carried out just a few years ago by graduate

students under the supervision of Dr. Christopher Teh, (an expert in

crop modelling, environmental biophysics, and soil conservation) senior

lecturer from the Faculty of Agriculture, University Putra Malaysia,

results of the study into the beneficial use of rice water for plants showed

that using the water from washed rice is as effective, and in some cases

more effective than NPK fertilizer in promoting plant growth (Kris, 2019).

Our friends, our neighbors, even strangers we meet swear by it. They

claim watering our household plants with water from our washed rice is

effective, as good as or even better than using fertilizers. Results showed

 10

that using water from washed rice is as effective as NPK fertilizer in

promoting plant growth, at least in terms of the number of plant leaves

produced and the higher plant biomass (fresh). The implication from this

study means washed rice water can replace NPK fertilizer. This study

adds credence that, rather than discarding the water after we wash our

rice, we can recycle or reuse the water by watering our houseplants with

it, and this water is generally as effective as applying NPK fertilizer; thus,

we save on fertilizer and energy use and money (Christopher, 2017).

Washed rice water does supply the essential nutrients of N and K, which

are very much needed by the kangkung plant. With the additional supply

of N and K nutrients, it can be expected that kangkung as well as other

plants would respond favorably by having increased plant growth and

yield (Christopher, 2017).

According to the results of Dr. Christopher Teh Boon Sung

student’s study that they conducted for the effectiveness of Rice Water as

fertilizers for Ipomoea Aquatica or Kangkong, their study’s level of

confidence was 90% for the plant growth alone, and not the typical 95-

99%, but the results shown on their study would be statistically

significant at a higher level or more plant growth parameters would be

found to be statistically significant from using Rice Water, nonetheless,

the belief that higher plant growth can be encouraged by using washed

rice water is supported by the findings of higher N and K content in the

 11

plant (as well as in the soil for K), their study’s level of significance was

95%.

In ARS, the biological nutrient wastes excreted by fish and

those generated from the microbial breakdown of fish feed (nitrite,

nitrate) are absorbed by plants as nutrient for growth and thus this

method allows the removal of undesirable nutrient wastes from the water

by plants, and the water can be reused for fish culture which could

potentially lead to faster growth and higher production both of the fish

and the plants (Racocy J.E et al, 2006). As fish fertilizer improves soil

health, it also increases soil fertility by providing the primary nutrients

necessary for plants to thrive. Fish fertilizers offer a source of burn-free

nitrogen, along with the other primary nutrients of phosphorus and

potassium. Unlike synthetic options, they may also provide secondary

nutrients, such as calcium (Pennington Seed, 2019).

12

Michigan Sea Grant and Michigan State University

Extension recently held an educational session at the Michigan Fish

Producers Association annual conference. For centuries, fish has been

recognized as an excellent fertilizer source. For this reason, Dramm

Corporation developed multiple all-natural liquid fish formulas for

organic and conventional crop production. They make fertilizers from

fresh fish carefully processed at low temperatures to maintain the

integrity of naturally occurring amino acids, vitamins, hormones and

enzymes (Kinnunen, 2016). The fertilizer is very safe to apply on

vegetables, especially those that are not cooked before being served on

the table, such as salad leafy greens, cucumber, French beans, and the

like. Of course, it is also a safe fertilizer for all edible crops (Sumaoang,

2017). Fish Amino Acid (FAA) is a liquid made from fish waste. FAA is a

great fertilizer for soil and plant leaves because it is rich in nitrogen

which helps improve the growth of the crops during their vegetation

period. This biofertilizer reduces the feeding cost of farmers since main

ingredients, like fish waste, are usually free or can be purchased at low

cost (Hubilla, 2020).

13

Chapter III

Methodology

Materials

The materials needed are Kangkong Seeds, 20 pots (5 per

treatment), Fish Scraps, Rice Water, Commercial Fertilizer (16-20-0),

loam soil and water.

5 pots per Treatment Fertilizer Content

(Water:Fertilizer)
 Rice Water
100%
(Treatment 1)
Fish Scraps 1 cup 1 cup of
(Treatment 2) of water Fish Scraps
1 gallon 1 cup
Commercial Fertilizer
of Commercial
(Treatment 3)
water Fertilizer
Controlled Plant
100%
(Treatment 4)

Procedures
14

First, the materials were gathered by the researchers. 1 cup full

of fish scraps were then crushed into pieces using scissors/knife,

adding 1 cup of water, and 1 cup of the mixture was placed in a

container, setting aside for a day. Next, the researchers took a cup of

uncooked rice and rinsed thoroughly. Placing the rice in a bowl with 2-3

cups of water and soaked the rice for 10 minutes. Straining the water

and was placed in a clean container, and was set aside for a day. Then,

20 pots were filled with ¾ amount of loam soil each. 5 seeds were then

added to each pot with a depth of ½ inch and sprinkling the seeds with

water. Subsequently, the 3 fertilizers namely; fish scraps, rice water, and

commercial fertilizer 16-20-0, have 5 separate pots and were filled 1 cup

for each type of fertilizers once a week and watering all the 20 pots; same

with the controlled plant, with 1 cup of water daily for a month. The
researchers conducted this study in different environment. Placing the

plant in an area direct to sunlight.

In that, the researchers recorded the plants’ measurements using

a table once a week for 5 weeks. Measuring its height and no. of leaves.

Lastly, repeat the 1st and 2nd step, where preparing the mixture of

fertilizers before applying to the designated plants. Additionally, the 4th

and 5th step, for watering daily and recording of data.

Method of Data Collection

The researchers documented the growth of the plant in each

treatment once a week. The researchers recorded the height and no. of

leaves of Water Spinach (Kangkong).

15

Validity of Data

The researchers observed the growth of the plants each week

and the researchers used the F-Test method as their statistical tool at

0.05 level of probability.

Research Design

Plant
Treatment
 Rice Water RW1 RW2 RW3 RW4 RW5
(Treatment 1)

Fish Scraps FS1 FS2 FS3 FS4 FS5

(Treatment 2)

Commercial CF1 CF2 CF3 CF4 CF5

Fertilizer
(Treatment 3)

Controlled Plant CP1 CP2 CP3 CP4 CP5

16

SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM

GATHERING OF MATERIALS

MAKING A HOLE IN A POT

 FILLING THE POT WITH SOIL
AND PLANT THE SEED

WATER THE PLANTS WITH

DIFFERENT TREATMENT

RECORDING AND OBSERVING

THE GROWTH OF PLANTS
17

CHAPTER IV

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

HEIGHT OF IPOMOEA AQUATICA (KANGKONG)

1st Week
Height (cm)
Treatment Total Mean
Total
1 2 3 4 5

Rice Water
(RW) 6 7 7 7.5 8 35.5 7.1
Fish Scraps
(FS) 10.5 11 14 13 15 63.5 12.7
Commercial
Fertilizer (RW) 7.8 8 4.4 6 5.4 31.6 6.32
Controlled Plant
(CP) 9 12 11 8 10 50 10

Total 33.3 38 36.4 34.5 38.4 180.6 36.12

Mean Total 8.32 9.5 9.1 8.62 9.6 45.15

5 5

2nd Week
Height (cm)
Treatment Total Mean
Total
1 2 3 4 5

Rice Water
(RW) 14.5 15 15.5 15 15.8 75.8 15.16
Fish Scraps
(FS) 20 18 17 19 25.5 99.5 19.9

Commercial
Fertilizer 8 10 6.8 7.4 9 41.2 8.24
(RW)
Controlled 18
Plant (CP) 13 15 14 11 13 66 13.2

Total 55.5 58 53.3 52.4 63.3 282.5 56.5

Mean Total 13.87 14. 13.32 13.1 15.82 70.62

5 5 5 5 5

3rd Week
Height (cm)
Treatment Total Mean
Total
 1 2 3 4 5

Rice Water
(RW) 26 27 25 27 25 130 26
Fish Scraps
(FS) 31 24 24 21 47 147 29.4
Commercial
Fertilizer (RW) 13 14 12 12 13 64 12.8
Controlled Plant
(CP) 17 19 16 15 16 83 16.6

Total 87 84 77 75 101 424 78.8

Mean Total 21.7 21 19.2 18.7 25.2 106

5 5 5 5

4th Week
Height (cm)
Treatment Total Mean
1 2 3 4 5 Total
Rice Water
(RW) 36 33 35 34 32 170 34
Fish Scraps
(FS) 41 36 32 36 68 213 42.6
Commercial
Fertilizer (RW) 16 15 18 16 15 31 6.2
Controlled 19
Plant (CP) 36 42 32 33 32 175 35

Total 113 111 99 119 147 589 117.8

Mean Total 28.2 27.7 24.7 29.7 36.7 147.2

5 5 5 5 5 5

5th Week
Height (cm)
Treatment Total Mean
Total
1 2 3 4 5
Rice Water
(RW) 47 46 44 43 41 221 44.2
Fish Scraps
(FS) 55 42.8 58 43 70 268.8 53.76
Commercial
Fertilizer (RW) 28 29 33 36 28 64 12.8
Controlled Plant
(CP) 42 49 40 45 39 215 43

Total 172 166. 142 167 178 768.8 171.76

8

Mean Total 43 41.7 43.7 41.7 44.5 214.7

5 5

NUMBER OF LEAVES OF IPOMOEA AQUATICA (KANGKONG)

1st Week
Number of Leaves
Treatment Total Mean
Total
1 2 3 4 5

Rice Water
(RW) 7 6 6 5 5 29 5.8
Fish Scraps
(FS) 7 13 6 7 6 39 7.8
Commercial
Fertilizer (RW) 4 4 4 5 4 21 5.25
Controlled Plant 20
(CP) 7 5 11 9 10 42 8.4

Total 25 28 27 26 25 131 27.25

Mean Total 6.25 7 6.75 6.5 6.25 32.75

2nd Week
Number of Leaves
Treatment Total Mean
Total
 1 2 3 4 5

Rice Water
(RW) 8 7 7 7 6 35 7
Fish Scraps
(FS) 8 7 7 8 9 39 7.8
Commercial
Fertilizer (RW) 5 5 5 6 5 26 5.2
Controlled Plant
(CP) 8 7 12 10 12 49 9.8

Total 29 33 31 31 32 131 29.8

Mean Total 7.25 8.25 7.75 7.75 8 39

3rd Week
Number of Leaves
Treatment Total Mean
Total
1 2 3 4 5

Rice Water
(RW) 11 9 10 10 10 50 5
Fish Scraps
(FS) 11 10 11 6 11 49 9.8
Commercial
Fertilizer (RW) 6 7 7 8 7 35 7
Controlled Plant
(CP) 9 7 13 12 13 54 10.8

Total 37 33 41 36 41 188 32.6 21

Mean Total 9.25 8.25 10.2 9 10.2 87

5 5

4th Week
Number of Leaves
Treatment Total Mean
Total
1 2 3 4 5
Rice Water
(RW) 13 11 12 12 12 60 12
Fish Scraps
(FS) 13 12 12 11 14 62 12.4
Commercial
Fertilizer (RW) 9 9 10 9 10 19 3.8
Controlled Plant
(CP) 12 11 14 13 14 64 12.8

Total 38 34 38 45 50 205 41

Mean Total 9.5 6.8 9.5 11.2 12.5 49.55

5

5th Week
Number of Leaves
Treatment Total Mean
Total
1 2 3 4 5

Rice Water
(RW) 17 15 13 14 14 73 14.6
Fish Scraps
(FS) 16 17 15 13 18 79 15.8
Commercial
Fertilizer (RW) 10 10 12 12 13 57 11.4
Controlled Plant
(CP) 13 12 16 15 16 72 14.4

Total 56 54 56 54 61 249 56.2

Mean Total 14 13.5 14 13.5 15.2 62.25 22

5
 MEAN TOTAL OF THE HEIGHT,
NO. OF LEAVES OF
THE KANGKONG PLANTS
53.76
60
44.2 43
50
40 30.8

30
14.6 15.8 14.4
20 11.4

10
0
Rice Water Fish Scraps Commercial Plain Water
Fertilizer

Height No. of Leaves

Based on the findings, it was seen on the graph above that there is

a significance between fish scraps and rice water, as well as the

controlled groups. The fish scrap fertilizer is visibly more effective as an

alternative fertilizer for the growth of Kangkong (Ipomoea Aquatica) in

terms of no. of leaves, with a mean total of 15.8, and height of the stem

with a mean total of 53.76 (including all the possible intervening factors

such as insects and weather).

23

On the first week of evaluation, the researchers observed that the

plants on treatment 2 (Fish Scraps) were much taller than the other
plants on the other treatments but the Controlled plant has the most

number of leaves. Treatment 2 (Fish Scrap) is the healthiest.

On the 5th and final week of evaluation, treatment 2 or the plant

treated with Fish Scraps still has the tallest stem and now has the most

number of leaves. The researchers have reached the reproduction stage

of the water spinach or Ipomoea Aquatica after 5 weeks.

Table 1. ANOVA table for the Height of the Kangkong Plants

Height of the Kangkong Plants (cm)
Source of Degrees Sum of Mean Observed Tabular F
Variance Freedom Squares Squares F 1% 5%
Replicatio 4 24.20 6.05 0.002 28.71 9.12

n
Treatment 3 1330.22 443.41 0.17 29.50 9.28
Error 3 7958.72 2652.91
Total 10 9313.14

As shown in the table above, the computed F-value for replication

is 0.003. The tabular F (4,3) = 9.12 at .05 level. It indicates that the

computed F-value is less than the tabular F-value. Hence, the replication

is not statistically significant.

For treatment, the computed F-value is 0.17. The tabular F (3,3) =

9.28 at .05 level. It indicates that the computed F-value is less than the

tabular F-value. Hence, the treatment is not statistically significant. 24

Table 1. ANOVA table for the Number of Leaves the Kangkong Plants

Number of Leaves of the Kangkong Plants

Source of Degrees Sum of Mean Observed Tabular F
Variance Freedom Squares Squares F 1% 5%
Replicatio 4 8.2 2.05 0.17 28.71 9.12

n
Treatment 3 52.55 17.52 1.45 29.50 9.28
Error 3 36.20 12.07
Total 10 96.95

As shown in the table above, the computed F-value for replication

is 0.17. The tabular F (4,3) = 9.12 at .05 level. It indicates that the

computed F-value is less than the tabular F-value. Hence, the replication

is not statistically significant.

For treatment, the computed F-value is 1.45. The tabular F (3,3) =

9.28 at .05 level. It indicates that the computed F-value is less than the

tabular F-value. Hence, the treatment is not statistically significant.

25

CHAPTER IV

CONCLUSION
 Consequently, all the fertilizers were effective to the growth of

Ipomoea Aquatica. The researchers did not plant the Kangkong (Ipomoea

Aquatica) in the same environment and has failed to compare both

fertilizers (Fish Scraps and Rice Water). But as of the results between

fish scraps and rice water, fish scraps’ more efficient in terms of height

and number of leaves. Furthermore, putting immense amount of fish

scraps may result in pest infestation, cats eating left over chunks of fish

that eventually damages the plants.

26

CHAPTER V

RECOMMENDATION
 For further research studies, the researchers recommend to

conduct experiment in the same environment, for which the plants will

experience through unvarying intervening factors especially when it

comes to weather. This will also cause the plants to grow fairly, and will

be observed and took care at the same time. Moreover, not putting fish

scraps frequently, scarcely 1-2 times a week in the bargain, to avoid pest

infestation on which damages the plants.

 27

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Austin, D. (2007, December). Water Spinach (Ipomoea Aquatica,

Convolvulaceae): A Food gone Wild

Dr. Kris (2019). Rice Watering Garden.

Handy S. (2020, August 19). How to Grow Kangkong

Hubilla E. (2020, May 26). Nutrients found in Fish Waste can Improve

plant growth

Lee, L. (2017, July 27). Fish Scraps makes Fertilizer.

Sung C.T.B. (2017). Is watering our houseplants with washed rice water

really that effective? Here’s the scientific evidence

V.B. Kentucky (1997-2021). What information can you give me on

Fish Emulsion and turning fisheries waste into useable fertilizer?

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/343278289_Fish_and_fish_w

aste-based_fertilizers_in_organic_farming_-

_With_status_in_Norway_A_review
 28

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/29736141_Water_Spinach_Ip

omoea_aquatica_Convolvulaceae_A_Food_Gone_Wild

https://www.baliadvertiser.biz/rice-watering-garden/?

fbclid=IwAR3lI1pFJXnvRcl84W7m2or33XvF1-

GmkjdsXpEn4Q4k_sz7z4wJ9cGG21o

https://homeguides.sfgate.com/grow-kang-kong-25460.html

https://www.agriculture.com.ph/2020/05/26/nutrients-found-in-fish-

waste-can-improve-plant-growth/

https://www.messagemedia.co/millelacs/outdoors/home_garden/fish-

scraps-make-fertilizer/article_0470ea5a-714b-11e7-a602-

bbc48ce473a6.html?

fbclid=IwAR099xKZuwNADZ5RWSpBfBNENs9qtsSGTXf65SR_v4jOp6TwrV

p0shrbXdA

http://www.christopherteh.com/blog/2017/11/washed-rice-water/?

fbclid=IwAR09V5OiwZ0dAxNY4odASS2gQ0v3YNJFYomnXgwJoZ4etLTIWZ

yoskqVxSI

https://attra.ncat.org/what-information-can-you-give-me-on-fish-emulsion-

and-turning-fisheries-waste-into-a-useable-fertilizer/?

fbclid=IwAR2QYjxG9V-EVxuKUGQ3CJAWiywy3w

TzoXe6feCR46ll5lcwPAyUXSBZA0
 29

APPENDICES
30
 31

FERTILIZER USED

FISH SCRAPS RICE WATER

COMMERCIAL FERTILIZER
(16-20-0)
 32

1st Week
Fish Scraps Rice Water Commercial Fertilizer Control Plant
FS 1 RW 1 CF 1 CP 1

FS 2 RW 2 CF 2 CP 2

FS 3 RW 3 CF 3 CP 3

FS 4 RW 4 CF 4 CP 4

FS 5 RW 5 CF 5 CP 5
 33

2nd Week
Fish Scraps Rice Water Commercial Fertilizer Control Plant
FS 1 RW 1 CF 1 CP 1

FS 2 RW 2 CF 2 CP 2

FS3 RW 3 CF 3 CP 3

FS 4 RW 4 CF 4 CP 4

FS 5 RW 5 CF 5 CP 5
 34

3rd Week
Fish Scraps Rice Water Commercial Fertilizer Control Plant
FS 1 RW 1 CF 1 CP 1

FS 2 RW 2 CF 2 CP 2

FS 3 RW 3 CF 3 CP 3

FS 4 RW 4 CF 4 CP 4

FS 5 RW 5 CF 5 CP 5
 35

4th Week
Fish Scraps Rice Water Commercial Fertilizer Control Plant
FS 1 RW 1 CF 1 CP 1

FS 2 RW 2 CF 2 CP 2

FS 3 RW 3 CF 3 CP 3

FS 4 RW 4 CF 4 CP 4

FS 5 RW 5 CF5 CP 5
 36

5th Week
Fish Scraps Rice Water Commercial Fertilizer Control Plant
FS 1 RW 1 CF 1 CP 1

FS 2 RW 2 CF 2 CP 2

FS 3 RW 3 CF 3 CP 3

FS 4 RW 4 CF 4 CP 4

FS 5 RW 5 CF