Spec. Number Suffixes: US Based On US Codes and Standards, ON Applicable For Onshore Projects, M&U Units Used

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
PRESSURE VESSELS
MD40-1F-US-BO-M&U
DATE: 01 OCT 2016 ENGINEERING SERVICES BY KBR TECHNICAL SERVICES, INC. PAGE 1 OF 28
Spec. Number Suffixes: US=based on US Codes and Standards, ON=applicable for onshore projects, M&U=units used:
M=SI metric and U=US Customary Units.
This document/software contains technical information that is subject to U.S. and any other applicable export control regulations, including restrictions on the
export, sale, or transfer of U.S.-origin items (goods, technology, or software) to sanctioned or embargoed countries, entities, or persons. It may not be exported
or re-exported except as authorized under applicable export control requirements.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section Title Page No.

1. GENERAL ...................................................................................................................................... 2
1.1 Scope .............................................................................................................................................. 2
1.2 Statutory Requirements .................................................................................................................. 2
1.3 Units of Measurement ..................................................................................................................... 2
1.4 KBR Documents, Codes, and Industry Standards ......................................................................... 2
1.5 Design Drawings and Data ............................................................................................................. 3
1.6 Documentation and Records .......................................................................................................... 3
2. DESIGN .......................................................................................................................................... 3
2.1 Maximum Allowable Working Pressure (MAWP) ........................................................................... 3
2.2 Shell and Head Seam Layout ......................................................................................................... 4
2.3 Reinforcement of Openings ............................................................................................................ 4
2.4 Reinforcement at Cone-to-Cylinder Intersections........................................................................... 4
2.5 Nozzles and Connections ............................................................................................................... 4
2.6 Manholes, Handholes, Body Flanges, and Covers ........................................................................ 7
2.7 Corrosion Protection ....................................................................................................................... 8
2.8 Vessel Internals .............................................................................................................................. 8
2.9 Linings ............................................................................................................................................. 9
2.10 Wind and Earthquake Design ......................................................................................................... 9
2.11 Design Conditions (Loadings).......................................................................................................10
2.12 Design Stresses ............................................................................................................................11
2.13 Supports ........................................................................................................................................11
2.14 Lifting Attachments .......................................................................................................................12
2.15 Minimum Thickness ......................................................................................................................12
2.16 Material Design Density (for weights) ...........................................................................................12
3. MATERIALS .................................................................................................................................13
3.1 General .........................................................................................................................................13
3.2 Welding Electrodes .......................................................................................................................13
3.3 Bolting ...........................................................................................................................................13
3.4 Gaskets .........................................................................................................................................13
3.5 Supplementary Materials ..............................................................................................................14
4. FABRICATION .............................................................................................................................14
4.1 Design of Welded Joints ...............................................................................................................14
4.2 Preparation for Welding ................................................................................................................14
4.3 Preheat .........................................................................................................................................15
4.4 Welding .........................................................................................................................................15
4.5 Heat Treatment .............................................................................................................................15
4.6 Tolerances ....................................................................................................................................16
5. STAMPING, INSPECTION, REPAIRS, TESTING, AND REJECTION .......................................17
5.1 Stamping .......................................................................................................................................17
5.2 Inspection/Examination - General Requirements .........................................................................17
5.3 Radiography (RT) .........................................................................................................................17
5.4 Advanced Ultrasonic Examination (AUT) .....................................................................................17
5.5 Surface Examination (MT & PT) ...................................................................................................18
5.6 Ultrasonic Examination (UT) .........................................................................................................19
5.7 Chemical Analysis ........................................................................................................................20
5.8 Positive Material Identification (PMI) ............................................................................................20
CONFIDENTIALITY NOTICE: This document contains information that is proprietary to Kellogg Brown & Root, LLC. (KBR) and is to be
held in confidence. This document and the information contained herein shall not be copied or used for other than the purposes for which it
is or has been provided or disclosed in any form or medium to third parties, except as expressly permitted by KBR.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS – CONTD.
Section Title Page No.

5.9 Hardness Testing ..........................................................................................................................20
5.10 Leak Testing .................................................................................................................................21
5.11 Pressure Testing ...........................................................................................................................21
5.12 Repairs of Defective Welds ..........................................................................................................22
5.13 Rejection .......................................................................................................................................22
6. NAMEPLATES .............................................................................................................................23
6.1 General .........................................................................................................................................23
7. PAINTING .....................................................................................................................................23
7.1 General .........................................................................................................................................23
8. MARKING .....................................................................................................................................23
8.1 General .........................................................................................................................................23
9. PACKAGING, SHIPPING, AND PROTECTION ..........................................................................24
9.1 Packaging and Shipping ..............................................................................................................24
9.2 Protection ......................................................................................................................................25
1. GENERAL
1.1 Scope
This Specification (MD40-1F) defines mandatory technical requirements for the design, material, fabrication,
testing, and inspection of pressure vessels. KBR Purchasing Standard MD40-1PS contains commercial
purchasing requirements for these items.
1.2 Statutory Requirements
The Purchaser and Supplier shall mutually determine the measures that must be taken to comply with all
applicable governmental codes, regulations, ordinances and rules which shall be applied as first precedence.
1.3 Units of Measurement
SI Metric units or U.S. customary units of measurement shall be used by the Supplier for drawings and
calculations, consistent with the units of measurement shown on Purchaser's drawings or data sheets.
U.S Customary units are shown in parenthesis ( ) in this Specification.
1.4 KBR Documents, Codes, and Industry Standards
The following documents are referenced herein and form part of the Order. Additional KBR documents,
when applicable, will be listed on the Requisition. The issue of KBR documents shall be as specified in the
Requisition. Current editions of the industry standards including all mandatory addenda in effect at the time
of the order shall apply unless otherwise indicated.
KBR DOCUMENTS
2-1TS, "Positive Material Identification"
4-7TS, "General Welding Requirements"
MD40-1PS, "General Purchasing Requirements for Pressure Vessels"
P4-6TS, "Buttweld Construction Types, Buttweld End Preparation, and Backing Rings"
SDR-1MDMF, "Supplier Drawing/Data Requirements for Pressure Vessels, API Tanks, Vessel Trays and
Internals"
SDR-2MD, "Supplier Data Requirements, Pressure Vessels"
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AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS (ASME)

ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, current edition, including all mandatory addenda in effect on the
date of the Order and referenced standards according to year of acceptable edition listed in the appropriate
sections of the ASME Code.
Section II, "Materials"

Part C - "Specifications for Welding Rods, Electrodes and Filler Metals"
Part D - "Properties (Customary)"
Section V, "Nondestructive Examination"
Section VIII, "Pressure Vessels"
Division 1, “Rules for Construction of Pressure Vessels
Division 2, "Alternative Rules"
ASME B1.20.1, "Pipe Threads, General Purpose (Inch)"

ASME B16.5, "Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings NPS 1/2 through NPS 24 Metric/Inch"
ASME B16.47, "Large Diameter Steel Flanges NPS 26 through NPS 60 Metric/Inch"
WELDING RESEARCH COUNCIL (WRC)

Bulletin Number 107-79, "Local Stresses in Spherical and Cylindrical Shells Due to External Loadings"
Bulletin Number 297-84, "Local Stresses in Cylindrical Shells Due to External Loadings on Nozzles"
1.5 Design Drawings and Data
1.5.1 The Purchaser will furnish the manufacturer with drawings and/or data sheets specifying the design
conditions and showing the shape, dimensions, and material specifications for all primary parts, and certain
construction details. In addition, the Purchaser will supply such engineering data as required by the
manufacturer to mechanically design and construct the vessel.
1.5.2 When the Purchaser requests the manufacturer to furnish a vessel conforming to the manufacturer's
proprietary design, the materials of construction and other construction details shall be selected by the
manufacturer based on the design conditions specified by the Purchaser.
1.5.3 Acceptance of Supplier drawings and data with details which deviate from those shown on Purchaser's
drawings, data sheets or specifications does not constitute acceptance of the deviations. Supplier shall
obtain separate written approval from Purchaser for all such deviations prior to submission of drawings and
data for Purchaser's review and acceptance.
1.6 Documentation and Records
The Supplier shall submit drawings and data of the type and quantity specified in the Purchasing Standard
SDR-2MD. Instructions and requirements for Supplier drawings and data are contained in Purchasing
Standard SDR-1MDMF.
2. DESIGN
2.1 Maximum Allowable Working Pressure (MAWP)
Unless otherwise indicated on drawing or data sheet, the vessel MAWP shall be the same as the design
pressure indicated on the drawing or data sheet.
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2.2 Shell and Head Seam Layout
2.2.1 Longitudinal seams in adjacent shell rings shall be offset by a minimum of 4 times the plate thickness
or 150 mm (6 in) whichever is greater.
2.2.2 Seams in horizontal vessels shall not be located coincident with or across saddle supports.
2.2.3 Plate layouts shall be arranged so that to the maximum extent possible, longitudinal and
circumferential weld seams clear all nozzles, manways, and their reinforcing pads by 50 mm (2 in) minimum
measured weld edge to weld edge.
2.2.4 When a nozzle must penetrate a weld seam, or when a nozzle reinforcing pad must cover a weld
seam, the seam shall be ground flush and 100% radiographically examined before welding the nozzle. The
seam shall be radiographed for a distance of 150 mm (6 in) beyond the nozzle or the outside diameter of the
reinforcing pad, whichever is greater.
2.2.5 Structural attachment welds for internal support rings or clips, external stiffening rings, insulation
support rings, and ladder, platform or pipe support clips shall clear weld seams by at least one plate
thickness or 25 mm (1 in), whichever is greater. If overlap of pad type structural attachments and weld
seams is unavoidable, the portion of the seam to be covered shall be ground flush and 100%
radiographically examined before the attachment is welded on. The seam shall be radiographed for a
distance of 150 mm (6 in) beyond the edge of the overlapping attachment. Radiographic examination of
weld seams is not required when single plate type attachments such as tray support rings, downcomer
bolting bars, stiffening rings, insulation support rings, ladder, platform, or pipe support clips cross weld
seams.
2.3 Reinforcement of Openings
2.3.1 For vertical vessels with H/D ratios greater than 7.5 (H is the distance from the bottom of the baseplate
to top tangent line for skirt or leg supported vessels and the distance from the bottom tangent line to top
tangent line for lug supported vessels, D is inside diameter or the smallest diameter of vessels having more
than one diameter) shell openings are to be fully reinforced (100% area replacement, exclusive of corrosion
allowance). This requirement does not apply to small openings exempted from reinforcement by the
ASME Code.
2.3.2 Each reinforcing pad, or segment if more than one piece is used, shall be provided with one NPS 1/4
NPT threaded hole. Welds in segmented two-piece reinforcing pads on cylinders and cones shall be full
penetration butt welded in the vessel's circumferential direction. The outside edge of reinforcing pads shall
be ground or otherwise made reasonably smooth before welding to the vessel.
2.4 Reinforcement at Cone-to-Cylinder Intersections
The reinforcement at junctions of conical reducers with heads, cylinders, or other conical reducers shall be
designed for the MAWP for which the vessel is stamped as well as all other applicable loads.
2.5 Nozzles and Connections
2.5.1 Flange bolt hole orientation shall be as follows: (Refer to Figure 1)
a. When the nozzle axis lies in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the vessel, the bolt holes
shall straddle the flange centerline parallel to the vessel axis.
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b. When the nozzle axis is parallel to or coincides with the longitudinal axis of the vessel, the bolt holes
shall straddle the north-south flange centerline on vertical vessels and the vertical flange face centerline
on horizontal vessels.
c. When the nozzle axis is radial to the vessel head surface, the bolt holes shall straddle the flange face
centerline lying in the plane containing the vessel axis.
d. Bolt hole orientation of nozzles not specified above will be shown on the drawings.
FIGURE 1
FLANGE BOLT HOLE ORIENTATION
2.5.2 Where internal projection will interfere with internals or the flow of process fluids, nozzles and
manholes shall be flush with the inside contour of the vessel. Drain and pressure relief valve (PRV) nozzles
must be flush. The inside corner of nozzle necks shall be rounded to eliminate all sharp edges.
2.5.3 When tongue and groove facing is used, the groove shall be in the nozzle flange, except when the
nozzle is located in the bottom head of a vessel, the groove shall be in the piping flange or blind cover.
2.5.4 Slip-on flanges shall not be used for flange ratings above Class 150. When slip-on flanges are
permitted and used, the annulus between the slip-on flange and the nozzle neck shall be vented to the
outside by a 3 mm (1/8 inch) diameter hole.
2.5.5 The inside diameter of nozzles shall not be less than the inside diameter of the corresponding size of
double extra strong pipe for NPS 1 to NPS 3 nozzles inclusive, Schedule 160 pipe for NPS 4 to NPS 12
nozzles inclusive, and nominal diameter minus 50 mm (2 in) for nozzles over NPS 12.
2.5.6 Flanges for external nozzles or other pressure flanges NPS 24 and smaller shall be in accordance with
ASME B16.5. Flanges for external nozzles or other pressure flanges NPS 26 through NPS 60 shall be in
accordance with ASME B16.47 Series A.
2.5.7 Flanges over NPS 60 and any custom design flanges shall comply with the following requirements:
a. Flange dimensions shall be shown on the Suppliers drawings.
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b. Design calculations are required for the design, gasket seating and test conditions.
c. Flanges shall be of the forged hub type with through bolting.
d. When selecting gaskets for flanges over NPS 60 or other custom design flanges, if 2y (where y is the
minimum gasket seating stress) exceeds the gasket-surface material yield stress (flange, or cover), the
term 2y shall be replaced with the yield stress of the material used for the flange or cover in the equation
for Nmin:
Ab  Sa
N min 
  G  Sy
where Sy is the specified material yield stress at ambient temperature and Sa is the allowable stress at
ambient temperature for the bolting.
e. The flange rigidity index shall be as recommended in ASME Section VIII, Division 1, Paragraph 2-14 or
Division 2, Table 4.16.10.
f. The hub stress correction factor (f) taken from ASME Section VIII, Division 1, Fig. 2-7.6 or Division 2,
Table 4.16.5 shall not exceed 1.25.
g. “B1” as defined in Paragraph 2-3 of ASME Section VIII, Division 1 or Paragraph 4.16.2 of Division 2
shall not be used.
h. The differential radial thermal growth of gasketed joints with dissimilar flange materials shall be
calculated by the Supplier. The permissible radial differential expansion strain at the gasket reaction
load diameter "G" shall not exceed 0.00125 mm per mm (0.00125 in per in)
i Studs shall be spaced more than 75 mm (3 in) apart.
j. The cross-sectional area of the bolts (Ab) shall not be less than (Am x 1.05), where (Ab) and (Am) are
defined in Paragraph 2-3 of ASME Section VIII, Division 1 or Paragraph 4.16.12 of Division 2. The
Supplier shall indicate the percent excess bolting area on the flange design calculations.
k. The minimum peripheral width of gaskets for flanges over NPS 60 or other custom flanges shall be as
follows:
TABLE I
MINIMUM PERIPHERAL WIDTH OF GASKETS, mm (in)
Spiral Wound or KAMMPROFILE TYPE Gasket

Flange Solid Metal
Double Jacketed
NPS Gasket * Studs Dia. < 1 1/2 in Studs Dia. ≥ 1 1/2 in
Gasket
36 - 48 12.7 (1/2) 20 (3/4) 26 (1) 38 (1 1/2)
50 - 60 16 (5/8) 25 (1) 32 (1 1/4) 44 (1 3/4)
> 60 20 (3/4) 32 (1 1/4) 38 (1 1/2) 50 (2)
* Solid metal gasket with flexible graphite bonded to both sides is acceptable.
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l. The flatness tolerance (maximum derivation from a plane) on peripheral gasket contact surfaces shall be
0.8 mm (1/32 in). The use of a straight edge to determine flatness is acceptable.
m. The flatness tolerance on peripheral gasket contact surfaces of flanges on vessels in hydrogen service
shall be as shown in Table II. Measurement shall be made with a dial indicator.
TABLE II
FLATNESS TOLERANCE ON PERIPHERAL GASKET CONTACT SURFACES
NOMINAL EXCHANGER TOLERANCE TOLERANCE

DIA. KAMMPROFILE, SOLID METAL ALL OTHERS
mm (in) mm (in) mm (in)
less than 381 (15) +0,-0.08 (0.003) 0.08 (0.003)
Over 381 to 736 (15 to 29) +0,-0.13 (0.005) 0.13 (0.005)
Over 736 to 1117 (29 to 44) +0,-0.25 (0.010) 0.25 (0.010)
over 1117 (44) +0,-0.30 (0.012) 0.30 (0.012)
n. The flatness tolerance for flanges over NPS 60 or other custom design flanges shall be measured after
the flange is attached to the component cylinder and after any postweld heat treatment.
2.5.8 Raised and flat face pressure flanges shall be furnished with a stock gasket surface finish as defined
by ASME B16.5, Paragraph 6.4 unless otherwise specified on vessel drawings or data sheets.
2.5.9 Internal flanges for nonpressure connections may be of plate construction with machined flat faces.
2.5.10 External threaded connections shall not be used.
2.5.11 Internal nonpressure threaded connections may be Class 3000 or Class 6000 standard
half-couplings.
2.5.12 All threaded connections shall have NPT threads conforming to ASME B1.20.1.
2.6 Manholes, Handholes, Body Flanges, and Covers
2.6.1 All covers and blind flanges weighing over 34 kg (75 lb) shall be furnished with davits, hinges, or
lifting/handling lugs.
2.6.2 Horizontal manhole openings in vessels shall be furnished with a hand grip inside the vessel above the
manhole.
2.6.3 Manholes, handholes, flanged vessel covers, blind flanges or body flanges shall be in accordance with
ASME B16.5, ASME B16.47 Series B, or with prior approval of the Purchaser, may be designed in
accordance with Paragraph 2.5.7. The flange shall have the specified corrosion allowance.
2.6.4 Manholes, handholes, flanged vessel covers, blind flanges or body flanges greater than NPS 60 shall
be designed in accordance with paragraph 2.5.7. The flange shall have the specified corrosion allowance.
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2.7 Corrosion Protection
2.7.1 In high alloy, alloy lined, or clad vessels or sections of vessels, all surfaces of pressure parts exposed
to the contained media, and all surfaces of nonpressure parts which are nonremovable and exposed to the
contained media, shall either be fabricated of or protected by the alloy material (weld overlay or cladding)
specified for the vessel.
2.7.2 In unlined vessels or sections of vessels, all surfaces of pressure parts exposed to the contained
media and nonpressure parts welded directly to the pressure boundary and those parts which are otherwise
nonremovable and are exposed to the contained media, shall have the specified vessel corrosion allowance
added to each exposed surface. Corrosion allowance shall not be added to each surface of replaceable
nonpressure parts.
2.7.3 The minimum corroded thickness of nonremovable parts, parts welded directly to the vessel, and the
throat of fillet welds shall be 3 mm (1/8 in).
2.8 Vessel Internals
2.8.1 Removable internal parts shall be designed in units as large as can be withdrawn from the vessel
through the nearest manhole or opening indicated for the purpose. When internals are obviously not capable
of being removed through a manhole (e.g., NPS 24 internal piping in a vessel with an NPS 24 manhole), they
shall have corrosion allowance added in accordance with Paragraph 2.7.2.
2.8.2 Trays and removable tray supports required as internals for vessels shall be fabricated by the tray
manufacturer and, unless otherwise noted on the vessel drawings or data sheets, shall be shop-installed by
the vessel manufacturer. All welded-in tray supports shall be designed and detailed by the tray
manufacturer, but fabricated and installed by the vessel manufacturer. Tray and tray support installation
shall be in accordance with the tray manufacturer's drawings and recommendations. The installer shall
exercise sufficient care and make inspections during bolting and packing to provide assurance that leakage
tests or leveling required by the applicable standard listed in the Requisition and Order will be met in the
field.
a. The Purchaser shall be notified one week before tray installation is started.
b. Trays shall be installed after any required postweld heat treatment.
c. Tray manways shall be installed after the Purchaser has completed all inspections. All gaskets shall be
installed and bolting fully tightened before shipment.
d. Adjustable weirs shall be shop-installed at the weir height specified on the tray manufacturer's drawings.
2.8.3 Internal non-pressure carbon and low alloy (9% Cr maximum) pipe and fittings removable through the
vessel manhole shall have the following minimum nominal wall thicknesses or ratings:
a. Pipe NPS 6 and smaller: standard wall
b. Pipe NPS 8 and larger: 6 mm (1/4 in) wall
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2.8.4 Internal non-pressure high-alloy (11% Cr and over) pipe and fittings removable through the vessel
manhole shall have the following minimum nominal wall thicknesses or ratings:
a. Pipe NPS 6 and smaller: Schedule 40S
b. Pipe NPS 8 and larger: Schedule 10S.
2.9 Linings
2.9.1 Vessels requiring linings shall be either weld overlayed in accordance with Purchaser Technical
Standard 4-7TS or fabricated from integrally clad plate conforming to ASME SA-263, 264, or 265. Strip-type
linings shall not be used unless specified by the Purchaser.
2.9.2 Vessels with integrally clad linings shall be made of plate clad with the required lining material at the
steel mill in accordance with the applicable material specifications. Explosion clad material shall not be used
without the advance written consent of the Purchaser.
2.9.3 Lining/cladding/weld overlay shall be considered as corrosion allowance and not considered in
strength calculations.
2.10 Wind and Earthquake Design
2.10.1 The design for wind and earthquake shall be based on the requirements set forth on the design
drawings or data sheets.
2.10.2 The effective diameter to be used for vertical vessel wind design shall be:
Metric Units
De = [1.1 ID + 2(ts + ti)/1000 + 0.914 + OP] x Sf
Where De - is effective wind diameter (m)

ID - is vessel inside diameter (m)
ts - vessel thickness (mm)
ti - vessel insulation thickness (mm)
OP - insulated diameter of overhead line (m)
Sf - Shape factor, as defined by applicable Wind Code
U.S. Customary Units
De = [1.1 ID + 2(ts + ti)/12 + 3.0 + OP] x Sf
Where De - is effective wind diameter (feet)

ID - is vessel inside diameter (feet)
ts - vessel thickness (in)
ti - vessel insulation thickness (in)
OP - insulated diameter of overhead line (feet)
Sf - Shape factor, as defined by applicable Wind Code
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This effective diameter includes wind loads on platforms, ladders, and piping. The 0.914 m (3.0 ft) factor in
the above equation may be deleted for small vessels that do not have platforms or ladders. In addition to the
wind loadings calculated above on the cylindrical part of the vessel, the top head platform wind load shall be
calculated as follows:
Metric Units
F = 1.006 W Qf
Where F - is the wind force on the top head platform (N)

W - is the larger of 1.4 or the vessel inside diameter (m)
Qf - is the wind pressure at the top head platform elevation (Pa)
U.S. Customary Units
F = 3.3 W Qf
Where F - is the wind force on the top head platform (pounds)

W - is the larger of 4.5 or the vessel inside diameter (feet)
Qf - is the wind pressure at the top head platform elevation (psf)
The wind force on the top head platform is to be applied 0.46 m (1.5 ft) above the top head. (Example, on a
vessel with a 2:1 elliptical head, the wind force shall be applied at a distance of ID/4 + 0.46 m (1.5 ft) above
the top tangent line.)
2.10.3 Vertical vessels shall be designed for an allowable deflection of 150 mm per 30 m (6 in per 100 ft) of
vessel height.
2.10.4 Vertical vessels with H/D ratios exceeding 15, where H is the height of the vessel from the point of
support to the top tangent line and D is the average diameter in the top third of the vessel, shall be checked
for "vortex shedding vibrations" from winds to ensure structural stability.
2.11 Design Conditions (Loadings)
2.11.1 Vessels and their supports shall be designed to resist the effects of the following combinations of
loads within the limits of allowable stress specified in Article 2.12. Wind and earthquake loads shall not be
assumed to occur simultaneously.
a. Empty erected equipment: The erected dead load of the empty vessel combined with the greater of
wind or earthquake load.
b. Operation: The design pressure, the operating dead load of vessel, the maximum operating contents of
the vessel, the operating equipment and external attachment loads, and any other applicable operating
effects such as unbalanced pressure, vibration, thermal gradients, or impact, combined with or without
wind or earthquake load. The most conservative combination of these loads shall be used.
c. Test: The test pressure, the test dead load of the vessel and equipment, and the weight of the testing
contents of the vessel and any other equipment as may be affected, combined with 1/3 of the design
wind load with the vessel in corroded condition for future field hydrotest.
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2.12 Design Stresses
2.12.1 For the design conditions given, the calculated stresses shall be maintained within the following
limits:
a. Lifting vertical vessels: Based on new thickness, tensile/compressive (buckling) bending stress in
vessel shells during horizontal to vertical lifting, the basic allowable stress at ambient temperature
increased by 20%.
b. Empty erected vessel: Based on the thickness exclusive of corrosion allowance at ambient
temperature, the basic allowable stresses increased by 20%.
c. Operation: Based on the thickness exclusive of corrosion allowance at the design metal temperature;
the allowable stresses permitted by the applicable code.
d. Test: Based on the test thickness at the test temperature: for Section VIII, Division 1 pressure parts,
90% of specified minimum yield strength, except that austenitic stainless steels may be stressed up to
95% of specified minimum yield strength; for Section VIII, Division 2 per Part 4.1.6.2; for non-pressure
parts, the basic code allowable stresses increased by 33-1/3%.
e. All design conditions: The maximum allowable longitudinal compressive stress for support skirts shall
be determined in accordance with ASME Section VIII Division 1, Paragraph UG-23.
f. Carbon steel anchor bolting shall be designed to an allowable stress of 138 MPa (20 000 psi) based on
the root area of the thread (no further increase in stress allowed for wind/earthquake). High strength
ASTM A193 Gr.B7 anchor bolting shall be designed to an allowable stress of 284 MPa (41 250 psi) for
bolts less than 76 mm (3 in) diameter and 261 MPa (37 950 psi) for 76 mm (3 in) diameter bolts based
on the root area of the thread (no further increase in stress allowed for wind/earthquake).
g. Local stresses in vessel wall resulting from nozzle or attachment loads shall be determined by applying
WRC Bulletins 107-79 or 297-84 or other acceptable methods such as finite element analysis. The
resulting stresses shall be evaluated using the allowable stress criteria of Part 5 of ASME Section VIII,
Division 2.
h. Welds attaching non-pressure parts to the pressure parts shall be designed to the allowable stress of
the weaker of the parts being joined.
2.13 Supports
2.13.1 Vertical vessels supported by skirts shall have the centerlines of the skirt and the corroded shell plate
(bottom course) shall be approximately coincident, except for conical skirts attached to the shells of vertical
vessels or skirts attached to forging similar to Figure 4.2.4 (e) of ASME Section VIII, Division 2.
2.13.2 Horizontal vessels supported on saddles shall have stresses from saddle reactions checked in
accordance with the "L. P. Zick" method.
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2.14 Lifting Attachments
2.14.1 Vertical vessels weighing more than 11 300 kg (25 000 lb) shall be supplied with lifting attachments
such as lifting lugs, lifting trunnions, lifting covers, tailing lugs, vessel and any required skirt bracing.
2.14.2 Lifting lugs, trunnions, covers, tailing lugs, vessel, and skirt bracing shall be designed using the
following impact factors:
Erection weight up to and including 154 200 kg (340 000 lb) use 1.5 impact factor
Erection weight greater than 154 200 kg (340 000 lb) use 1.3 impact factor
Erection weight equal to or greater than 272 100 kg (600 000 lb) use 1.2 impact factor
2.14.3 Bending stresses, in the shells of vertical vessels, resulting from horizontal position to vertical
position lifting load reactions shall be calculated and checked per Article 2.12.
2.14.4 Local stresses in vessel shells or heads from lift attachment loads shall be calculated and checked
per Article 2.12.
2.14.5 Specific requirements applicable to lifting covers bolted to vessel nozzles:
a. The lift cover shall be proof load tested to 125% of its design load. Documentation certifying the proof
testing is required and shall be signed by authorized representative of the company that performs the
test.
b. The following information shall be marked on the lifting cover:
1. Manufacturer’s name and address

2. A serial number
3. Design load.
2.15 Minimum Thickness
2.15.1 The minimum shell or head thickness shall be the greater of the following:
a. (D+q)/1000 where D = vessel inside diameter in mm (in) and q = 2540 mm (100 in)
b. 5 mm (3/16 in) plus corrosion allowance for carbon and low alloy steel vessels
c. 3 mm (1/8 in) for high alloy steel vessels
d. 10 mm (3/8 in) composite thickness for clad plate.
2.15.2 The minimum thickness of alloy cladding shall be 2 mm (5/64 in).
2.15.3 The minimum thickness of skirts shall be the greater of 6 mm (1/4 in) or 1/4 of the shell ring thickness
where the skirt is attached (e.g., the bottom shell ring thickness when the skirt is attached to the bottom
head). Unless required by design conditions/loadings, the skirt thickness need not be greater than 38 mm
(1 1/2 in) thick to satisfy the T/4 requirement.
2.16 Material Design Density (for weights)
2.16.1 The following densities shall be used in weight calculations.

3 3
a. Hot insulation: 352 kg/m (22 lb/ft )
3 3
b. Cold insulation: 320 kg/m (20 lb/ft )
3 3
c. Concrete fireproofing: 2400 kg/m (150 lb/ft )
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3. MATERIALS
3.1 General
3.1.1 All materials of construction shall be new and as specified on the vessel drawing or data sheet.
3.1.2 Substitution of materials for any part shall not be allowed without the Purchaser's prior written
approval.
3.1.3 Backing ring material shall conform to the nominal chemical composition requirements of the base
metal material standard.
3.1.4 The heat treatment for clad plate conforming to ASME SA-263, SA-264 and SA-265 shall be done at
the mill. All clad plates shall be cold flattened, if required, only after final mill heat treatment and descaling.
Shear test of cladding to base metal to verify the shear strength is required per material specification.
3.1.5 Material test specimens for pressure retaining materials (Code Requirement ASME Section VIII,
Division 1 UCS-85 and ASME Section VIII, Division 2 Part 3.10) shall include additional time at PWHT
temperature, including ramp-up and ramp down time/temperature, for one extra PWHT cycle to use for a
potential future field repair.
3.1.6 Stress ratios less than 1.0 shall not be used as a basis to exempt materials from impact testing for new
pressure vessel construction. (ASME VIII Division 1, UCS-66(b) and ASME VIII Division 2, part 3.11).
3.1.7 Impact testing is not required for SA 105, B16.5 and B16.47 flanges and long weld neck flanges when
used at minimum design metal temperature (MDMT) no colder than -20°F (-29°C) when supplied in the heat
treated condition (normalized, normalized and tempered, or quenched and tempered), produced to fine grain
practice, and having a chemical content where Mn/C ≥5.0.
3.2 Welding Electrodes
Welding electrodes and rods shall be selected in accordance with Purchaser Technical Standard 4-7TS.
3.3 Bolting
3.3.1 Bolting material will be specified on the vessel drawing or data sheet by ASME material specification
number.
3.3.2 Unless otherwise specified, stud bolts shall be threaded full length.
3.3.3 Bolt heads for headed bolts shall be of heavy hexagonal (preferred) or regular square series.
3.3.4 Nuts shall be heavy hexagonal type.
3.4 Gaskets
The type of gasket and material of construction will be specified on the drawings or data sheets. The
process of manufacture and any dimensions or tolerances not covered by the dimensional standards shall be
in accordance with the gasket manufacturer's standards.
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3.5 Supplementary Materials
3.5.1 The manufacturer shall furnish blind flanges, gaskets, and bolting for manholes, handholes, flanged
vessel ends, and for all other nozzles indicated on the drawings as requiring blinds.
a. Test gaskets for manholes shall be shipped in place. Other nozzles furnished with permanent blinds or
mating flanges shall have new service gaskets installed prior to shipment.
b. One spare gasket shall be furnished for each manhole, handhole, and flanged vessel head.
4. FABRICATION
4.1 Design of Welded Joints
4.1.1 Pressure retaining shell, head, and transition section seams shall be full penetration double-welded
joints except as noted in Paragraph 4.1.3.
4.1.2 Nozzles and manways shall fully penetrate through the vessel wall and be attached to the vessel wall
with a full penetration double welded joint except as noted in Paragraph 4.1.3.
4.1.3 When sound back-welding is not feasible due to inaccessibility, single-welded joints which utilize a
Gas Tungsten Arc Welding or Gas Metal Arc Welding root pass, shall be used. Permanent backing strips
shall not be used.
4.1.4 Temporary backing strips may be used. After welding, they shall be removed and the surface shall be
conditioned to meet visual examination criteria. The surface shall be magnetic particle or liquid penetrant
examined prior to any further examinations (e.g. radiographic or ultrasonic) or heat treatment.
4.2 Preparation for Welding
4.2.1 On clad plates, the cladding shall be stripped back at least 6 mm (1/4 in) (both sides of seam) at all
seams prior to welding the base metal. Base material shall not be reduced below the design thickness
required by the Code.
4.2.2 Weld metal shall not be used to build up the edges of plates that are too short or those that contain
large cavities without advance written approval of the Purchaser.
4.2.3 The maximum allowable gap between reinforcing pads and the surface of the vessel shells or heads
before welding shall be 3 mm (1/8 in).
4.2.4 The weld bevels of stub end nozzles shall be in accordance with ASME Section VIII and Technical
Standard P4-6TS for the style of bevel specified. The size and schedule or thickness of the adjoining pipe
will be specified on the vessel drawing or data sheets.
4.2.5 All weld bevels in material 38 mm (1 1/2 in) thick and over shall be examined by the magnetic particle
or liquid penetrant method. Any laminations exceeding the limits specified in ASME SA-20, Paragraph 9.3
shall be repaired and re-examined. Welded repairs allowed by ASME SA-20, Paragraph 9.3.5 require the
Purchaser's advance written approval.
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4.3 Preheat
4.3.1 All P-3 and P-4 material shall be preheated to 150°C (300°F) minimum.
4.3.2 All P5A, P5B and P5C materials shall be preheated to 205°C (400°F) minimum.
4.4 Welding
4.4.1 Welding shall be in accordance with the applicable code and KBR Technical Standard 4-7TS.
4.4.2 Fabrication involving welding shall not be sublet to others without advance written approval of the
Purchaser.
4.4.3 All welding slag shall be removed from weld deposits.
4.4.4 Temporary attachment welds on pressure parts shall be removed. The surface under such welds
which have been removed shall be properly conditioned to eliminate surface stress raisers. Such surfaces
shall be examined by either the magnetic particle or liquid penetrant method of examination.
4.4.5 Arc strikes on the pressure shell shall be minimized. When they occur, the surface shall be properly
conditioned to eliminate surface stress raisers. Such surfaces shall be examined by either the magnetic
particle or liquid penetrant method of examination. Any defects found shall be removed and the surface
repaired and re-examined.
4.4.6 Weld Overlay/Clad Restoration
a. See Purchaser Technical Standard 4-7TS for weld overlay requirements.
b. Weld overlay shall be applied circumferentially and it shall be relatively smooth with no notches, flaws,
or undercuts that would act as stress raisers. Elbows, tees, and small bore nozzles may be overlay
welded longitudinally followed by grinding or machining to a smooth surface.
4.5 Postweld Heat Treatment (PWHT)
4.5.1 Vessels shall be postweld heat treated when required by the applicable Code or the Purchaser's
vessel drawings or data sheets.
4.5.2 Postweld heat treatment for welds between dissimilar metals shall conform to the requirements of the
material having the more stringent requirements and shall be verified by the Welding Procedure Qualification
Tests. The proposed postweld heat treatment procedures for these welds shall be reviewed by the
Purchaser.
4.5.3 Local postweld heat treatment shall not be performed without advance written approval of the
Purchaser.
4.5.4 P-3 materials shall be postweld heat treated at a temperature of 621°C (1150°F) minimum.
4.5.5 P-4 materials shall be postweld heat treated at a temperature of 677°C (1250°F) minimum.
4.5.6 The postweld heat treatment temperature shall not exceed the tempering temperature of normalized
and tempered or quenched and tempered materials.
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4.5.7 If material is "buttered" by depositing weld metal that does not require postweld heat treatment and is
subsequently heat treated, welding to the "buttered" weld metal deposit may be done without further
postweld heat treatment with prior written approval by the Purchaser.
4.5.8 Carbon and low alloy steel plate, seamless heads, parts of built-up heads, and similar pressure
retaining parts subjected to cold or hot bending and forming shall be heat treated as follows:
a. As required by the applicable code and the applicable material specification.
b. The hot forming temperature may be used as the normalizing temperature if the forming temperature is
at or above the normalizing temperature at the completion of forming.
c. Where the code or specification requires normalizing, the hot-formed parts which do not meet the
requirements of Subparagraph 4.5.8.b. above shall be normalized after forming.
4.5.9 Hold the bent or formed parts within the solution temperature range prescribed by the governing
material specifications for not less than 1 hr. per inch of thickness. Quench all bent/formed parts uniformly
and as rapidly as possible. Material not stabilized with Nb or Ti should be cooled in the range from 925°C
(1700°F) to 540°C (1000°F) in not more than 3 min. The rapid cooling should be continued to below 425°C
(800°F). Bent or formed austenitic stainless steel parts shall be solution annealed per the following
procedure when:
a. The bending or forming temperature is 482°C (900°F) or below and the bend radius is less than 3 times
the material thickness.
b. The bending or forming temperature is above 482°C (900°F) for any bend radius.
4.5.10 The detailed solution annealing procedure shall be submitted to Purchaser for review and acceptance
prior to heat treatment.
4.6 Tolerances
4.6.1 Unless otherwise noted on the drawings, tolerances shall conform to the requirements of the
applicable code or Figure 2, whichever is more stringent.
4.6.2 The tolerance on the specified thickness of alloy on integrally clad plate shall be as given in Table III.
TABLE III
CLADDING TOLERANCES
TOLERANCE FOR THE CLAD THICKNESS

SECTIONS
NOMINAL THICKNESS MINIMUM THICKNESS
Flat plate as rolled, cylindrical Under tolerance - 2% Under tolerance - 0%

and conical section after rolling Over tolerance Over tolerance
and other formed sections (By Supplier) (By Supplier)
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5. STAMPING, INSPECTION, REPAIRS, TESTING, AND REJECTION
5.1 Stamping
5.1.1 All pressure vessels shall be constructed in accordance with the requirements of the ASME Boiler and
Pressure Vessel Code and be code stamped.
5.1.2 The Purchaser's inspector is not to be construed as the Authorized Inspector responsible for
performing code inspections.
5.2 Inspection/Examination - General Requirements
5.2.1 In addition to any required code inspection, all fabrication, materials, and packaging shall be subject to
inspection by the Purchaser at all stages of fabrication and shall conform to the specifications included in the
Order. Shop drawings of the vessel shall be available to the Purchaser's inspector at the time of the
inspection. Surfaces shall not be painted nor the vessel shipped until the Purchaser's inspection is complete.
5.2.2 The production welds attaching pins or studs for external insulation or fireproofing supports shall be
tested by tapping with a light hammer.
5.3 Radiography (RT)
5.3.1 As a minimum requirement, all vessels shall be spot radiographed.
5.3.2 Welds which are subjected to severe working conditions (ratio of thickness to local radius greater than
5%) shall be subject to full radiography after completion of the work.
5.3.3 RT shall be performed in accordance with a procedure that complies with the requirements of ASME
Section V, Article 2. The acceptance criteria for full radiography shall be as required by ASME Section VIII
Division 1, UW-51 or Section VIII, Division 2, 7.5.3 as applicable.
5.3.4 Final RT for welds required to be fully radiographed in accordance with, ASME Section VIII Division 1,
UW-11(a) or Section VIII, Division 2, for a weld joint efficiency of 1.0 shall be performed after final PWHT of
the vessel.
5.3.5 RT for welds required to be spot radiographed in accordance with, ASME Section VIII Division 1, UW-
11(b) or Section VIII, Division 2, for a weld joint efficiency of 0.85 shall be performed prior to final PWHT of
the vessel. The acceptance criteria shall be as required by ASME Section VIII Division 1, UW-52 or
Section VIII, Division 2, 7.5.3 as applicable.
5.4 Advanced Ultrasonic Examination (AUT)
5.4.1 AUT may be acceptable to the Purchaser in lieu of RT for vessels 13 mm (1/2 in) and greater in
thickness.
5.4.2 The base quotation (KBR Purchasing Standard MD40-1PS) must be submitted based on using RT.
A clearly identified alternate quotation, proposing AUT in lieu of RT may be submitted for consideration and
evaluation by the Purchaser.
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5.4.3 The alternate quotation must specifically address/contain the following:
a. The written AUT procedure, in accordance with ASME Section VIII requirements, for review by the
Purchaser.
b. The final AUT shall be performed after the final PWHT of the vessel.
c. The name of the company that will be performing the AUT work along with a listing of past experience
applying AUT in lieu of RT to include name of clients, material type and thickness examined, items
examined and dates of examination.
d. Copy of personnel certificates.
e. Alternate pricing and delivery schedule for use of AUT in lieu of RT.
5.4.4 Manufacturers should not assume that AUT in lieu of RT will be accepted by the Purchaser.
Purchaser will review the information requested above, return questions and/or comments to the
manufacturer for resolution and updates to pricing and delivery schedule. If an agreement is reached to use
AUT in lieu of RT, conditions of the agreement will be documented and become part of the Order.
5.5 Surface Examination (MT & PT)
5.5.1 Internal and external finished weld surfaces shall be either liquid penetrant or magnetic particle
examined in accordance with Table IV using the procedures of ASME Section V, Articles 6 and 7,
respectively. Evaluations of indications shall be in accordance with ASME Section VIII. Final examination
shall be done after completing all required postweld heat treatment, except weld surfaces which will become
inaccessible by reason of welded closures which themselves require postweld heat treatment (e.g.,
nozzle-to-vessel welds covered by reinforcing pads) shall be examined before such closures are welded.
5.5.2 Magnetic particle examination performed after postweld heat treatment shall be done by the AC yoke
technique.
5.5.3 When liquid penetrant examination is required, it shall be performed on all accessible weld surfaces.
Any surface irregularities which interfere with the examination shall be removed by grinding, machining, or
wash-blending with Gas Tungsten Arc Welding.
5.5.4 All weld overlay, whether by manual or automatic procedures, shall be liquid penetrant examined in
accordance with ASME Section V, Article 6. Where overlay is to be machined, such as inside nozzles and
on flange facings, examination shall be performed after machining. If heat treatment is required, the
examination shall be done after heat treatment.
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TABLE IV
EXAMINATION OF WELD SURFACES
REQUIRED SURFACE EXAMINATIONS

TYPE OF VESSEL LEVEL OF (MT or PT)
MATERIAL RADIOGRAPHY LONGITUDINAL NOZZLE ATTACHMENT
(Note 1) AND GIRTH WELDS WELDS
WELDS (Note 2) (Note 3)
Carbon & low Not postweld Spot No No No
alloy steels with heat treated Full No Yes No
1/2% (max.)
nominal Postweld Spot No No No
chromium heat treated Full No Yes Yes
content
Low alloy steels over 1/2% Spot or
Yes Yes Yes
nominal chromium content Full
Austenitic stainless steels with
design metal temp. in range Spot No No No
of -100C to 400C (-150F to Full No Yes No
750F)
Spot or
design metal temperature Yes Yes Yes
Full
warmer than 400C (750F)
Full or
design metal temperature Yes Yes Yes
Spot
colder than -100C (-150F)
NOTES TO TABLE IV:
1. The level of radiography specified for longitudinal and circumferential welds.
2. Nozzle welds include the welds between nozzle and the reinforcing pad, vessel and the reinforcing pad,
and the nozzle and vessel under the reinforcing pad. Welds under the reinforcing pad shall be
examined before the pad is attached.
3. Attachment welds include structural support, external clips, tray support, skirt, saddle and lifting
attachment welds. All lifting attachment welds shall be examined regardless of level of radiography or
postweld heat treatment condition.
5.6 Ultrasonic Examination (UT)
5.6.1 Ultrasonic examination of materials shall be performed as follows unless applicable design codes
require more stringent requirements.:
a. Plate material 50 mm (2 in) thick and greater shall be ultrasonically examined in accordance with
SA-578, supplementary requirement S1.
b. Integrally clad plate conforming to SA-263, SA-264, and SA-265 shall be ultrasonically examined for
bond integrity in accordance with the SA-263, SA-264, and SA-265 specifications; 100% scanning
coverage and quality level Class 1.
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c. Forged Products
Forgings, 50 mm (2 in) thick or greater, used in ASME Section VIII Division 1 pressure vessels shall be
ultrasonically examined in accordance with ASME Section VIII, Division 2 requirements. (This UT
examination requirement does not apply to standard dimension ASME B16.5 and B16.47 flanges and
standard Long Weld Neck flanges dimensionally defined in ASME Section VIII, Division 1,
UCS-66 (c) (4).)
Forgings, 50 mm (2 in) thick or greater, used in ASME Section VIII Division 2 pressure vessels shall be
ultrasonically examined in accordance with the Code requirements.
Thickness of forgings shall be as defined in ASME Section VIII, Division 2, Part 3.
5.6.2 Defects detected during UT may be repaired with the Purchaser's advance written approval. Failure to
obtain approval prior to repair of such defects shall be cause for rejection of the material.
5.7 Chemical Analysis
5.7.1 Samples of production weld overlay shall be taken to confirm chemical analysis to the required depth
(refer to KBR Technical Standard 4-7TS). Samples shall be taken as follows to represent both manual and
automatic overlay welding:
a. one sample from each automatically overlayed vessel part/section (e.g., each shell ring, head, nozzle,
cone, weld seam, etc.).
b. two samples from each manually overlayed vessel part/section and each manually overlayed seam
(longitudinal, girth and nozzle welds). One sample is required for nozzles smaller than NPS 6.
5.7.2 A quantitative chemical analysis shall report all elements for which specific values are given in
ASME Section II, Part C.
5.7.3 Acceptance criteria shall be that the deposited overlays have the chemical composition of the
applicable filler metal as specified in ASME Section II, Part C. In the case of low carbon grade austenitic
stainless steels, the percent carbon shall not exceed 0.045%.
5.8 Positive Material Identification (PMI)
Positive Material Identification shall be performed in accordance with Purchaser Technical Standard 2-1TS
when specified on the vessel drawings or data sheets.
5.9 Hardness Testing
5.9.1 Brinell hardness testing shall be performed on the weld and heat affected zone (HAZ) as follows using
portable macro hardness testing equipment:
a. Testing shall be done on the outside of vessels/components that are clad or overlayed and on the inside
of vessels/components that are not clad or overlayed on the inside.
b. Testing shall be done after postweld heat treatment if postweld heat treatment is required.
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c. Frequency and location of testing:
1. 1 reading from each longitudinal weld and HAZ.
2. 1 reading from each circumferential weld and HAZ for vessels 1220 mm (4 ft) ID and smaller;
2 readings 180 degrees apart for vessels over 1220 mm (4 ft) ID.
3. 1 reading from each nozzle-to-vessel weld and HAZ.
5.9.2 Hardness limitations are in accordance with Table V.
TABLE V
MATERIAL P NUMBER MAXIMUM BRINELL HARDNESS
P1 Groups 1, 2, 3 (Note 1) 200

P1 Group 4 250
P3, P4 225
P5A, P5B, P5C 235
P6, P7 240
NOTES TO TABLE V:
P1 Groups 1, 2, and 3 materials require hardness testing only when equipment is in wet H2S, amine, or
caustic service.
5.10 Leak Testing
5.10.1 Each nozzle reinforcing pad or each segment thereof shall be tested at 172 kPa (gage) (25 psig) in
accordance with ASME Section V, Article 10, Mandatory Appendix I, with dry air. All welds inside and
outside the vessel shall be inspected during the test. Test holes in pads shall be left open after the test.
5.10.2 Attached sleeve-type liners, including cover strips, and nozzle liners shall be tested at 103 kPa
(gage) (15 psig) in accordance with ASME Section V, Article 10, Mandatory Appendix I, by introducing dry air
between the lining and the base metal. The test shall be conducted before postweld heat treatment and
before pressure testing of the vessel.
5.11 Pressure Testing
5.11.1 The shop hydrotest pressure for new vessels shall be established using the calculated maximum
allowable pressure new and cold, multiplied by the applicable code test pressure multiplier factor. The test
pressure shall be held for at least one hour. The test pressure and the part(s) limiting the test pressure shall
be shown on the manufacturer's drawings.
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5.11.2 After the hydrotest pressure has been held for the required period of time, the test pressure shall be
reduced to a pressure not less than permitted by the applicable code, prior to visual inspection by KBR
personnel.
5.11.3 The temperature of the vessel wall during the test shall be a minimum of 17°C ( 30°F) above the
vessel Minimum Design Metal Temperature.
5.11.4 Before the hydrotest, all internal surfaces shall be cleaned by sweeping, vacuum cleaning, or other
methods so the vessel will be free of welding slag and flux, weld rod stubs, loose scale, dirt, and debris.
5.11.5 Vessels shall be hydrostatically tested with potable water only; salt, brackish, or raw river water shall
not be used. Testing of vessels or components made of austenitic stainless steel or austenitic stainless steel
clad materials shall be conducted with water containing no more than 50 ppm chloride; water containing
more than 50 ppm chloride but no more than 250 ppm may be used only if the duration of the test procedure
is 72 hours or less and includes rinsing with water containing less than 50 ppm chloride.
5.11.6 All water shall be drained after hydrostatic testing. Any standing water in austenitic stainless steel or
austenitic stainless clad vessels shall be removed by blowing with dry air or by swabbing; heat or hot air shall
not be used for drying.
5.11.7 Low alloy steel service bolting and ring joint gaskets to be furnished with the vessel may be used for
shop testing. Any material damaged during the test the test shall be replaced by the manufacturer with new
material. Austenitic service bolts shall not be used in the shop test.
5.12 Repairs of Defective Welds
5.12.1 Welds with defective areas shall have:
a. the defect removed.
b. confirmation of defect removal by magnetic particle or liquid penetrant examination.
c. repair welding using qualified welding procedures.
d. re-postweld heat treatment if originally required.
5.12.2 The finished weld-repair shall be radiographed if originally required and the surface shall be
re-examined by magnetic particle or liquid penetrant examination. If the repair involves any alterations, the
approval of the Purchaser shall be obtained before proceeding with the repair.
5.13 Rejection
5.13.1 Completed vessels, parts of vessels, or materials containing defects originating with the
manufacturer's design, materials, or workmanship, or that are not in complete compliance with the
requirements of the Order will be rejected.
5.13.2 Discovery of conditions warranting rejection, after inspection and acceptance of the vessel by the
Purchaser, does not relieve the manufacturer of his responsibility to comply with the Order.
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6. NAMEPLATES
6.1 General
6.1.1 All vessels shall be furnished with a stainless steel nameplate. Required markings shall not be
stamped directly on the vessel. Nameplates shall be installed on the manufacturer's standard nameplate
holder of sufficient size to project at least 25 mm (1 in) beyond the vessel insulation.
6.1.2 The nameplate shall be stamped with the design pressure(s) and design temperature(s) shown on the
vessel drawings or data sheets.
6.1.3 The Purchaser's equipment item number shall be stamped on the nameplate.
6.1.4 The nameplate on vertical vessels shall be located on the shell above the lowest manhole. The
nameplate on horizontal vessels shall be located above/adjacent to a manhole. The nameplate location shall
be shown on the manufacturer's drawings.
7. PAINTING
7.1 General
7.1.1 Vessels shall be shop painted in accordance with the requirements of the vessel drawing or data
sheets.
7.1.2 Machined surfaces shall not be painted.
7.1.3 Austenitic alloy steel and nickel-iron-chromium alloy material parts shall be kept free of paints
containing zinc to avoid the possibility of corrosion at elevated operating temperatures. All traces of zinc
containing paints on such parts shall be promptly removed.
8. MARKING
8.1 General
8.1.1 Stamping on all austenitic steels and impact tested materials shall be with "low-stress" steel stamps
having round or "U" shaped cross sections or with "interrupted-dot" die stamps.
8.1.2 Marking paint or water insoluble ink for use on austenitic and high nickel alloy steels shall contain no
substance (e.g., metallic pigments, sulfur, or chlorides) which would be harmful to these materials at ambient
or elevated temperatures. "Nissen Low Chloride" is an acceptable product.
8.1.3 Internals, clips, lugs, or other similar attachments which are removable and are to be assembled by
others shall be marked with piece numbers for identification in assembly and match-marked.
8.1.4 Vessels that have been postweld heat treated, shall have the following notation painted on the vessel
prior to shipment:
"NO WELDING PERMITTED ON THIS VESSEL"
The letters shall be approximately 150 mm (6 in) high, painted with a contrasting color.
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a. On vertical vessels, this sign shall be located on two opposite sides near the bottom tangent line and
repeated at approximately each 3 m (10 ft) of height, but rotated 90 degrees.
b. On horizontal vessels, the sign shall be located on both sides near the horizontal centerline.
8.1.5 The North and East orientations shall be center-punched on the outside of each vertical vessel
approximately 150 mm (6 in) above the bottom tangent line and 150 mm (6 in) below the top tangent line.
The punch marks shall be circled with white paint.
9. PACKAGING, SHIPPING, AND PROTECTION
9.1 Packaging and Shipping
9.1.1 The vessel manufacturer shall assume responsibility for marking, packaging, and shipping the
equipment in accordance with the requirements of the Order.
9.1.2 The vessel shall be free of debris, dirt, and foreign matter, and be thoroughly cleaned inside and out
before shipment.
9.1.3 Vessel shipped as sea cargo shall comply with the additional requirements of KBR Technical Standard
MD1-4TS when specified on drawings or data sheets.
9.1.4 The manufacturer shall be responsible for suitably packaging each vessel or component and
adequately supporting and securing all vessel internals to protect from damage or loss during handling and
shipment in accordance with the Order and the following requirements:
a. All materials and methods of packing shall conform to the specifications referenced in the Order.
b. Packages shall include lifting lugs or designated lifting points.
c. Each vessel, crate, or bag shall be durably marked with the receiving address, Purchaser's vessel item
number, and the complete Purchase Order Number paint stenciled in 75 mm (3 in) minimum high block
letters. All markings shall be in the English language.
d. Special tools shall be separately boxed, shipped, and identified with the vessel item number on which
they are to be used, and marked as special tools.
9.1.5 The manufacturer shall include a packing list in a weatherproof envelope in each shipment, listing the
contents by assembly piece mark, individual piece mark, or by vessel number of each box, crate, bag, and
skid. The list shall state whether the contents constitute complete or partial shipment.
9.1.6 Vessels shall not be transported to the jobsite as above-deck cargo without prior written approval of
the Purchaser.
9.1.7 Where clearances for shipping require alterations or cutting off of vessel nozzles, clips, lugs, or other
similar attachments, the manufacturer shall submit loading diagrams/drawings showing the attachments
which require re-orientation or removal and the location of the cut lines. Vessel alterations shall not be made
without written approval from the Purchaser.
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9.1.8 Small parts of the vessel shall be shipped bagged, boxed, or otherwise protected from damage or loss.
Spare gaskets shall be tagged with the equipment item number, boxed and shipped with the vessel. They
shall be clearly tagged as spares.
9.1.9 The manufacturer shall provide any special protection or packaging, and details of any storage, shelf
life, or maintenance instructions which are not within the scope of the Order but which pertain to the
manufacturer's guarantee or are otherwise necessary for protection of the vessel.
9.2 Protection
9.2.1 Protection for flange faces, threaded connections, weld bevels, etc., shall be as follows:
a. Machined and threaded surfaces of carbon steel and ferritic alloy steel materials, except weld bevels,
shall be coated with one of the following rust preventives :
E.F. Houghton Co. Rust-Veto No. 342

Cortex VpCI-368
b. Weld bevels of carbon steel and ferritic alloy steel shall be cleaned free from all rust, scale, oil and
grease on the inside and outside for a distance or approximately 50 mm (2 in) from the end of the weld
bevel and coated with one of the following weldable rust preventatives or an approved equal:
"Deoxaluminite" manufactured by: D-C Sales & Engineering, Inc.

Phone: (262) 781-7160, FAX
Fax: (262) 781-3558
"Aluminized Bloxide" manufactured by: Tempil Inc.

Phone: (800) 757-8301
Fax: (908) 757-9273
c. All weld bevels shall be closed with metal or plastic caps to prevent damage and entrance of foreign
materials.
d. Vent holes in carbon and low alloy steel nozzle reinforcing pads shall be filled with heavy grease.
e. All socket-weld ends and plain ends shall be closed with metal or plastic protectors that fit either inside
or outside to prevent damage and entrance of foreign materials.
f. Threaded openings shall be plugged with hexagonal headed threaded plugs of the same material as the
connected part and sealed with tetrafluoroethylene tape thread sealant.
g. For ocean shipment, flanged openings, not furnished with permanent blinds, shall be protected and
made waterproof with plastic flange covers or full size 3.5 mm (10 USS gage) minimum thickness steel
covers and 3 mm (1/8 in) thick rubber gaskets between the flange face and cover. When steel flange
covers are furnished, they shall be secured with appropriately sized machine bolts as follows:
1. For flanges having 4 to 28 bolt holes, a bolt shall be placed in at least every other hole, with a
minimum of 4 bolts.
2. For flanges having more than 28 bolt holes, bolts shall be placed in at least every fourth bolt hole.
PRESSURE VESSELS
MD40-1F-US-BO-M&U
h. For domestic land shipment, flanged openings shall be protected and waterproofed using appropriately
attached plywood or plastic covers with plastic sheet covering the flange opening.
HORIZONTAL VESSEL SHALL HAVE THE SAME

TOLERANCES FOR CORRESPONDING DIMENSIONS
FIGURE 2
THE NUMBERS SHOWN IN BOXES ON THIS SKETCH CORRESPOND
TO THE NUMBERED NOTES BELOW
PRESSURE VESSELS
MD40-1F-US-BO-M&U
NOTES FOR FIGURE 2:
1. The tolerance on dimensions not specified herein or specifically shown on the drawings shall be 6 mm
(1/4 in).
2. Items not covered by notes 16, 17, and 18 which have been located on the Purchaser drawings by
elevation or by a dimension from a tangent or reference line shall be located from the reference plane,
within a tolerance of 6 mm (1/4 in).
3. The tolerance on orientation from the reference centerline to the centerline of a nozzle or manhole is
1/2 degree, except the circumferential measurement shall have a maximum tolerance of 13 mm
(1/2 in).
4. The tolerance on the distance from the face of a nozzle to the vessel surface is 6 mm (1/4 in).
5. The tolerance on the distance from the inside vessel wall to downcomer support bars or weirs is as
shown on the tray manufacturer's tower attachment drawing.
6. The tolerance on the height of downcomer bolting bars above tray support rings is as shown on the tray
manufacturer's tower attachment drawing.
7. The tolerance on the length of downcomer bolting bars is as shown on the tray manufacturer's tower
attachment drawing.
8. The tolerance on the alignment of a nozzle flange face with the indicated plane is 1/2 degree in any
direction.
9. The tolerance on the distance from the face of a manhole flange to the vessel surface is 13 mm
(1/2 in).
10. The maximum deviation of the actual circumference (as determined by strapping) from the nominal
circumference is as shown in Column A, Table VI.
11. The tray support rings shall be perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the vessel within the limits given
in Column B, Table VI. (Dimensions shown in Table represent the total permissible out of level across
diameter of vessel.)
12. The top surface of tray support rings shall be perpendicular to the vessel shell within 1.5 mm (1/16 in) in
the width of the ring.
13. The top of weld-attached weir plates shall be perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the vessel within
the limits given in Column C, Table VI.
14. The tolerance on the distance between adjacent tray supports is 3 mm (1/8 in).
15. The maximum deviation in elevation between each adjoining clip, bracket, and similar structural
attachment located in the same plane is 3 mm (1/8 in). The tolerance on location from the tangent or
reference line for each individual clip, bracket, or attachment is shown in Note 2.
PRESSURE VESSELS
MD40-1F-US-BO-M&U
16. The tolerance on the distance from the reference plane to support lug is +6 mm (+1/4 in), -0.
17. The tolerance on the distance from the reference plane to the base is +0, -6 mm (-1/4 in).
18. The tolerance on the distance from the reference plane to horizontal vessel support (saddle) is +6 mm
(+1/4 in), -0.
19. The tolerance on the distance from the vessel surface to the bottom of horizontal vessel support saddles
is +6 mm (+1/4 in), -0.
20. A reference plane/work line from which dimensions are run shall be located by the manufacturer. The
plane shall be punch marked inside and outside at 0, 90, 180, and 270 degree points. Punch marks
shall be circled with paint.
21. The tolerance on the specified dimension between two nozzles, connections, or clips is 3 mm (1/8 in).
22. The maximum deviation from a straight line perpendicular to the reference plane/work line of any
cylindrical element of the vessel shell (including cylindrical or similar supports extending beyond the
shell of vertical vessels) shall be 3 mm (1/8 in) for each 3 m (10 ft) of length.
23. The tolerance on the distance from the face of a hillside shell nozzle to the vessel centerline is ±6 mm
(1/4 in).
24. The tolerance on nozzle bolt hole orientation is 1.5 mm (1/16 in) measured at the bolt circle diameter.
25. The tolerance for external clip orientation and clip face alignment is as shown in Notes 3 and 8.
26. Anchor bolt holes (or slots) shall be located within 3 mm (1/8 in) of their theoretical position. The
tolerance on the linear dimension between any two (2) anchor bolt holes (or slots) shall be 3 mm
(1/8 in).
TABLE VI
VARIABLE TOLERANCES
(Refer to Notes 10, 11 and 13)
COLUMN/TOWER TOLERANCES mm (in)

DIAMETER A B C
1.2 m & less 10 3 3
(4 ft & less ) (3/8) (1/8) (1/8)
Over 1.2 m to 2.4 m 13 6 5
(4 ft to 8 ft) (1/2) (1/4) (3/16)
Over 2.4 m to 4.6 m 25 8 6
( 8 ft to 15 ft) (1) (5/16) (1/4)
Over 4.6 m 38 10 8
(15 ft) (1 1/2) (3/8) (5/16)

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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION

Section Title Page No.

TABLE OF CONTENTS – CONTD.

Section Title Page No.

1.2 Statutory Requirements

1.3 Units of Measurement

1.4 KBR Documents, Codes, and Industry Standards

AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS (ASME)

Section II, "Materials"

ASME B1.20.1, "Pipe Threads, General Purpose (Inch)"

WELDING RESEARCH COUNCIL (WRC)

1.5 Design Drawings and Data

1.6 Documentation and Records

2.1 Maximum Allowable Working Pressure (MAWP)

2.2 Shell and Head Seam Layout

2.3 Reinforcement of Openings

2.4 Reinforcement at Cone-to-Cylinder Intersections

2.5 Nozzles and Connections

2.5.1 Flange bolt hole orientation shall be as follows: (Refer to Figure 1)

a. Flange dimensions shall be shown on the Suppliers drawings.

c. Flanges shall be of the forged hub type with through bolting.

i Studs shall be spaced more than 75 mm (3 in) apart.

Spiral Wound or KAMMPROFILE TYPE Gasket

NOMINAL EXCHANGER TOLERANCE TOLERANCE

2.5.10 External threaded connections shall not be used.

2.6 Manholes, Handholes, Body Flanges, and Covers

2.7 Corrosion Protection

2.8 Vessel Internals

b. Trays shall be installed after any required postweld heat treatment.

a. Pipe NPS 6 and smaller: standard wall

b. Pipe NPS 8 and larger: 6 mm (1/4 in) wall

a. Pipe NPS 6 and smaller: Schedule 40S

b. Pipe NPS 8 and larger: Schedule 10S.

2.10 Wind and Earthquake Design

De = [1.1 ID + 2(ts + ti)/1000 + 0.914 + OP] x Sf

Where De - is effective wind diameter (m)

U.S. Customary Units

De = [1.1 ID + 2(ts + ti)/12 + 3.0 + OP] x Sf

Where De - is effective wind diameter (feet)

Where F - is the wind force on the top head platform (N)

U.S. Customary Units

Where F - is the wind force on the top head platform (pounds)

2.11 Design Conditions (Loadings)

2.12 Design Stresses

2.14 Lifting Attachments

2.14.5 Specific requirements applicable to lifting covers bolted to vessel nozzles:

b. The following information shall be marked on the lifting cover:

1. Manufacturer’s name and address

2.15 Minimum Thickness

2.15.2 The minimum thickness of alloy cladding shall be 2 mm (5/64 in).

2.16 Material Design Density (for weights)

2.16.1 The following densities shall be used in weight calculations.

3.2 Welding Electrodes

3.3.4 Nuts shall be heavy hexagonal type.

3.5 Supplementary Materials

4.1 Design of Welded Joints

4.2 Preparation for Welding

4.4.3 All welding slag shall be removed from weld deposits.