First Name _______________________ Surname _______________________________

Student # __________________________
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KINESIOLOGY AND HEALTH SCIENCE

KINE 2050 3.0 Analysis of Data in Kinesiology 1

Quiz 2 Version A April 1, 2015

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INSTRUCTIONS:

• This exam is worth 20% of the total course mark.

• Record your name and student number on the Scantron sheet provided. Ensure that your student
number is correctly filled in. Failure to do so will result in a loss of 2 marks.
• Answer all questions on the Scantron sheet. Use an HB pencil. Ink or hard lead pencils will not be
scored.
• If you change an answer use a high quality eraser to completely remove the previous mark.
• At the conclusion of the exam you MUST SUBMIT both the exam question sheet and the Scantron
answer sheet. Failure to submit both will result in a grade of zero [0].

EXAM AIDS:

• Calculators without alphanumeric programmable memories and statistical functions may be used.
• This is a closed book exam and NO ADDITIONAL AIDS ARE PERMITTED. This includes formula
sheets, memory aids, notes, and electronic devices like computers, cell phones, etc.
• Dictionaries are NOT permitted.

- Time allowed - 45 minutes.

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1. A negative relationship is one in which

A. both variables are linearly independent

B. an increase in one variable is accompanied by an increase in the other
C. an increase in one variable is accompanied by a decrease in the other
D. a decrease in one variable is accompanied by a decrease in the other

Use the following information to answer the next two [2] questions. The time required to
complete a race among kinesiology students at York University is normally distributed with a
mean of 100 minutes and standard deviation of 12 minutes.

2. What is the probability of completing the half marathon in less than 75 minutes?

A. 0.0188
B. 0.0481
C. 0.5188
D. 0.9812

3. What is the probability that the marathon will be completed between 85 and 110 minutes?

A. 0.4332
B. 0.6911
C. 0.7745
D. 0.8413
E. 0.9332

4. Three measures of central tendency [for height] were determined for a group of 22 students
in tutorial group 1 of 500 KINE 2050 students. The mean height is 155cm with a standard
deviation of 2.3 cm, the median is 150 and the mode is 158. What is the standard error of the
mean for the tutorial group?

A. 0.01
B. 0.10
C. 0.19
D. 0.49
E. 0.961

5. The 5 actors of a TV show [Big Bang Theory] are receiving an award. How many different
ways [arrangements] are there for them to walk on stage to receive the award?

A. 1
B. 5
C. 10
D. 20
E. 120
F. 210

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6. An employment information service reports that the mean annual salary for full-time male
workers over the age of 25 with a bachelor’s degree is $53,102. You doubt the validity of
this claim. A random sample of 12 full-time male workers with bachelor’s degrees has a
mean annual salary of $52,201 with a standard deviation of $6500. Assuming a normal
distribution of the population, choose the appropriate conclusion.

A. Fail to reject Ho; the sample value is not different than the population
B. Reject Ho; the sample value is not different than the population
C. Fail to reject Ho; the sample value is different than the population
D. Fail to reject Ho; the population value is different than the sample
E. Reject Ho; the sample value is different than the population

7. If the correlation between body weight and annual income were high and positive, we could
conclude that:

A. High incomes cause people to eat more food.

B. Low incomes cause people to eat less food.
C. High-income people tend to spend a greater proportion of their income on food than low-
income people, on average.
D. High-income people tend to be heavier than low-income people, on average.
E. High incomes cause people to gain weight.

8. We are interested in finding the linear relation between the number of vitamin supplements
purchased at one time and the cost per bottle. The following data has been obtained:

X No. bottles purchased 1 3 6 10 15

Y Cost per bottle [dollars] 55 52 46 32 25

Suppose the regression line is Y = -2.5X + 60. You want to know the average price per bottle of
vitamins if 30 bottles are purchased.

A. 15 dollars
B. 5 dollars
C. 25 dollars;
D. predicting Y outside the range of X values in our data is a very poor practice.

9. Four [4] students from a 2nd year class of 12 students will be chosen to do a job. How many
different ways could that happen?

A. 48
B. 66
C. 132
D. 495
E. 11880

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10. In correlation analysis, when the points scatter widely about the regression line, this means
that the correlation is

A. Negative
B. Low
C. Heterogeneous
D. Between two measures that are unreliable
E. None of the above

11. Consider 5 blood donors chosen randomly from a population. The probability that the donor
has Type A blood is .40. What is the probability that 3 people will have Type A blood?

A. 0.0087
B. 0.2304
C. 0.11
D. 0.12
E. 0.28.
F. 0.37

12. A sample of the reading scores of 35 fifth grade students in elementary schools in the GTA
has a mean of 82. The standard deviation of the sample is 15. What is the 95% confidence
interval for the mean reading scores?

A. 77 < µ < 87
B. 79 < µ < 84
C. 75 < µ < 87
D. 73 < µ < 89
E. 80 < µ < 84

13. The t distribution table value for df = 14 at .05 significance has t values of + 2.145. This
means that:

A. the probability of the value 2.145 occurring by chance is .95 or less

B. the probability is .05 that most of the scores will fall between t values of + 2.145
C. 5% of the scores will have a t value less than -2.145 or greater than +2.145
D. 0.95 of the observations have t values above +2.145 and below -2.145
E. 5 times out of 100 a score drawn from this distribution will have a t value smaller than 2.145
F. the probability of all scores falling between 0 and 2.145 is 95%

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14. In the 1950s the mean height of women was 64 inches. A Kinesiology professor hypothesizes
that with changes in diet and exercise patterns between life in the 1950s and the now, women
should be healthier and taller. What is the alternative hypothesis in this situation?

A. women on average are just as tall as they were in the 1950s

B. women on average are taller than they were 50 years ago
C. there are more short women today than in the 1950s
D. women on average are shorter today than 50 years ago

15. A Kinesiology professor tested the hypothesis described above, by sampling 16 women from
local medical records and recording their heights. An analysis using SAS is presented below.
What can you conclude?

A. Accept the H0, women are taller now than they were in the 1950s, [t=1.14, df = 14, p>0.05]
B. Reject the H0, women are taller now than they were in the 1950s, [t=1.14, df = 14, p>0.05]
C. Reject the H0, women are taller now than they were in the 1950s, [t=1.14, df = 14, N.S.]
D. Accept the H0, women are shorter now than they were in the 1950s, [t=1.14, df = 14, p<0.05]
E. Accept the H0, women are taller now than in the 1950s, [t=1.14, df = 14, p<0.05]
F. Accept the H0, women today are as tall as women were in the 1950s [t=1.14, df = 14, N.S]

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16. You ask 15 people to rate their level of anxiety before (score 1) and after (score 2) donating
blood. The mean for score 1 and score 2 are 13.333 and 11.133 respectively. The standard
deviation for score 1 and score 2 are 6.914 and 5.998 respectively. A t value of 2.625 was
calculated. What can you conclude?

A. accept the null hypothesis, [t= 2.625, df = 28, p<0.05]

B. accept the null hypothesis, [t= 2.625, df = 14, p<0.05]
C. reject the null hypothesis, [t= 2.625, df = 14, p<0.05]
D. reject the null hypothesis, [t= 2.625, df = 28, p<0.05]
E. reject the null hypothesis, [t= 2.625, df = 28, p>0.05]

17. A correlation is an index of the degree of ________ that exist between variables. A perfect
correlation may be represented by a coefficient of ______

A. cause and effect; 0.00

B. manipulation; -1.00
C. association; +1.00
D. consistency; 0.00
E. manipulation and covariance; -1.00
F. significance; +1.00
G. freedom; 0.00
H. freedom; 1.0

18. Consider the equation Y = -2.235X + 571.973. What is the value of Y when the regression
line crosses the Y axis when x = 0?

A. -2.235
B. -571.973
C. 571.973
D. 627.848
E. 1278.359

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Use the information provided below to answer the next three [3] questions:

The observations below are data on the evaluation of 15 specific university courses. Students
were asked to rate the overall quality of a course they were taking and to indicate their
expected grade in that course. The data show the mean rating for 15 different courses on these
two variables. Calculate the correlation between expected grade (X) and course quality (Y).
Expected Grade (X) Overall Course Quality (Y)
3.5 3.4
3.2 2.9
2.8 2.6
3.3 3.8
3.2 3.0
3.2 2.5
3.6 3.9
4.0 4.3
3.0 3.8
3.1 3.4
3.0 2.8
3.3 2.9
3.2 4.1
3.4 2.7
3.7 3.9

19. What is the null hypothesis being tested in the study described above?

A. there is a direct relationship between expected grade and course quality

B. r population = 1.00
C. course quality is not related to expected grade
D. r expected grade is equal to r course quality
E. the null hypothesis can not be stated in problems involving correlation procedures

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A SAS analysis is presented below.

20. Based upon the SAS analysis, what can you conclude?

A. lower course evaluations are the result of lower expected grades

B. there is a positive correlation between expected grade and course quality
C. higher grades are not related to course ratings
D. students who give lower course ratings also have lower preferences for those courses
E. there is no relationship between expected grade and course quality
F. more advanced courses receive higher ratings

21. What can be concluded about the variation explained by the relationship between expected
grade and overall course quality?

A. 34% of the variance in expected grade can be predicted from overall course quality
B. Approximately 2% of the reason for low course ratings can be determined by expected grades
C. Knowing students’ expected grades provides 59% of the information needed to determine
course quality
D. 58% of the variance in course ratings can be explained by expected grade
E. There is insufficient information provided to answer this question

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 Formula Sheet

X̄ =
∑X location of median =
(n + 1)
n 2

Sample standard deviation: s=

∑Χ 2
− Ν(Χ 2 )
Standard Error of Mean =
std deviation
Ν −1 N

⎡ ⎛ ( x − LL) ⎞ ⎤
⎢ ⎜⎜ ⎟⎟( fw) + Σfb ⎥
Percentile Rank = ⎢ ⎝ (i ) ⎠ ⎥ 100
⎢ N ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦

⎛ ( P) ( N ) − Σfb ⎞
? Score = LL + ⎜⎜ ⎟⎟(i ) 95% CI = X + (1.96) (SEM)
⎝ fw ⎠
df = N - 1
99% CI = X + (2.58) (SEM)

Χ−X
Z= SD = Variance T-score = 10z + 50
SD

#A # B A has occurred
Simple probability p ( A) = Conditional Probability p( B A) =
#O # O A has occurred

Compound Probability
Dependent Events p(A and B) = p(A) · p(B/A)
Independent Events p(A and B) = p(A) · p(B)

Not mutually exclusive p(A or B) = p(A) + p(B) - p (A and B)

Mutually exclusive p(A or B) = p(A) + p(B)

Methods of Counting
n!
Permutations nPr =
(n − r )!

n!
Combinations nCr =
(n − r )!r!

r n-r n!
Binomial Probability nCrp q = p r q n−r
(n − r )!r!

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 Χ−μ
t= df = N – 1
sΧ

Independent Samples

Χ1 − Χ 2
t= df = N1 + N2 - 2
⎛ (n1 − 1)( s1 ) + (n2 − 1)( s2 ) 2 ⎞⎛ 1 1 ⎞
2
⎜⎜ ⎟⎟⎜⎜ + ⎟⎟
⎝ n1 + n2 − 2 ⎠⎝ n1 n2 ⎠

Related Samples

Χ1 − Χ 2
t= df = N - 1
NΣD 2 − (ΣD) 2
N 2 ( N − 1)

NΣXY − ΣX ΣY
r = df = N – 2 Y = a + bX
[ NΣX 2 − (ΣX ) 2 ][ N ΣY 2 − (ΣY ) 2 ]

⎡ ( O − E − . 5)2 ⎤
χ = ∑⎢
2
⎥
⎢⎣ E ⎥⎦

O = Observed frequency
n
E = Expected Frequency =
# of cells
df = k - 1 (k is the number of nominal classes of measurement)

⎡ (O − E )2 ⎤ row total X column total

χ = ∑⎢
2
⎥ Expected freq. =
⎣ E ⎦ n

df = (R - 1) (C - 1)
R = number of rows in the contingency table
C = number of columns in the contingency table

Treatment var iance

ANOVA F = df = (k - 1)/(N - k) k = # of conditions
Error var iance
N= # of subjects.

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 Z Scores – Areas Under the Normal Curve

Area between mean and z

0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09
0.0 0.0000 0.0040 0.0080 0.0120 0.0160 0.0199 0.0239 0.0279 0.0319 0.0359
0.1 0.0398 0.0438 0.0478 0.0517 0.0557 0.0596 0.0636 0.0675 0.0714 0.0753
0.2 0.0793 0.0832 0.0871 0.0910 0.0948 0.0987 0.1026 0.1064 0.1103 0.1141
0.3 0.1179 0.1217 0.1255 0.1293 0.1331 0.1368 0.1406 0.1443 0.1480 0.1517
0.4 0.1554 0.1591 0.1628 0.1664 0.1700 0.1736 0.1772 0.1808 0.1844 0.1879
0.5 0.1915 0.1950 0.1985 0.2019 0.2054 0.2088 0.2123 0.2157 0.2190 0.2224
0.6 0.2257 0.2291 0.2324 0.2357 0.2389 0.2422 0.2454 0.2486 0.2517 0.2549
0.7 0.2580 0.2611 0.2642 0.2673 0.2704 0.2734 0.2764 0.2794 0.2823 0.2852
0.8 0.2881 0.2910 0.2939 0.2967 0.2995 0.3023 0.3051 0.3078 0.3106 0.3133
0.9 0.3159 0.3186 0.3212 0.3238 0.3264 0.3289 0.3315 0.3340 0.3365 0.3389
1.0 0.3413 0.3438 0.3461 0.3485 0.3508 0.3531 0.3554 0.3577 0.3599 0.3621
1.1 0.3643 0.3665 0.3686 0.3708 0.3729 0.3749 0.3770 0.3790 0.3810 0.3830
1.2 0.3849 0.3869 0.3888 0.3907 0.3925 0.3944 0.3962 0.3980 0.3997 0.4015
1.3 0.4032 0.4049 0.4066 0.4082 0.4099 0.4115 0.4131 0.4147 0.4162 0.4177
1.4 0.4192 0.4207 0.4222 0.4236 0.4251 0.4265 0.4279 0.4292 0.4306 0.4319
1.5 0.4332 0.4345 0.4357 0.4370 0.4382 0.4394 0.4406 0.4418 0.4429 0.4441
1.6 0.4452 0.4463 0.4474 0.4484 0.4495 0.4505 0.4515 0.4525 0.4535 0.4545
1.7 0.4554 0.4564 0.4573 0.4582 0.4591 0.4599 0.4608 0.4616 0.4625 0.4633
1.8 0.4641 0.4649 0.4656 0.4664 0.4671 0.4678 0.4686 0.4693 0.4699 0.4706
1.9 0.4713 0.4719 0.4726 0.4732 0.4738 0.4744 0.4750 0.4756 0.4761 0.4767
2.0 0.4772 0.4778 0.4783 0.4788 0.4793 0.4798 0.4803 0.4808 0.4812 0.4817
2.1 0.4821 0.4826 0.4830 0.4834 0.4838 0.4842 0.4846 0.4850 0.4854 0.4857
2.2 0.4861 0.4864 0.4868 0.4871 0.4875 0.4878 0.4881 0.4884 0.4887 0.4890
2.3 0.4893 0.4896 0.4898 0.4901 0.4904 0.4906 0.4909 0.4911 0.4913 0.4916
2.4 0.4918 0.4920 0.4922 0.4925 0.4927 0.4929 0.4931 0.4932 0.4934 0.4936
2.5 0.4938 0.4940 0.4941 0.4943 0.4945 0.4946 0.4948 0.4949 0.4951 0.4952
2.6 0.4953 0.4955 0.4956 0.4957 0.4959 0.4960 0.4961 0.4962 0.4963 0.4964
2.7 0.4965 0.4966 0.4967 0.4968 0.4969 0.4970 0.4971 0.4972 0.4973 0.4974
2.8 0.4974 0.4975 0.4976 0.4977 0.4977 0.4978 0.4979 0.4979 0.4980 0.4981
2.9 0.4981 0.4982 0.4982 0.4983 0.4984 0.4984 0.4985 0.4985 0.4986 0.4986
3.0 0.4987 0.4987 0.4987 0.4988 0.4988 0.4989 0.4989 0.4989 0.4990 0.4990

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Critical values for t Critical values for r

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Calculations:

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