VARIABLE LOAD

1. A power station has a maximum demand of 55,000 kw when supplying three substations. For
the following maximum daily demands on each substation, calculate the diversity factors (a)
between substations and (b) for each substation.

2. The daily load curve of a 250 MW power system is given by the following data:
(a) Plot the daily load curve (b) Average load (c) Load factor (d)Reserve over Peak
3. What is the annual capacity factor of the plant if the annual energy produced in a 150 MW
power plant is 500,000,000 kW-hours?
4. What is the daily average load in a certain power plant if the daily energy produced is 500,000
kW-hour?

5. Calculate the use factor of a power plant if the capacity factor is 35% and it operates 8000 hours
during the year?
6. Given a load factor of 0.48, installed capacity of the plant 35,000 kW, reserve over peak 3,000
kW, hours out of service per year 410. Find the annual capacity factor and the use factor.
7.
DIESEL POWER PLANT

1. Determine the brake power of an engine efficiency 35% and uses 25 degree API with fuel
consumption of 40 kg/hr.

2. In a double acting, 2 stroke compression ignition engine, 12 cylinder, the diameter of cylinder is
750mm, stroke is 1450mm and the piston rod dia is 240mm. when moving at 120 rpm, The
indicated mean effective pressure above and below are 6 bar and 5 bar respectively. Calculate
the brake power of engine with mechanical efficiency of 80% in kW?
3. A 373 kW internal combustion engine has a brake mean effective pressure of551.5 kPa at full
load. What is the friction power if mechanical efficiency is 85%. 𝐴𝑛𝑠.88.23 𝐻𝑝
4. A 2000 kW diesel engine unit uses 1 bbl oil per 525 kW-hr produced. Oil is 25°API. Efficiency of
generator is 93%, mechanical efficiency of engine is 80%. What is the thermal efficiency of the
engine based on indicated power?𝐴𝑛𝑠.39.6%
5. Find the power which a2.5MW natural gas engine can developed at an altitude of 1981.2m
taking into consideration that the pressure change alone? 𝐴𝑛𝑠.1.957 𝑀𝑊

6. A four stroke 394mm bore and 534mm stroke single acting diesel engine? With four cylinders is
guaranteed to deliver 350 Brake Hp at 300 rpm. The engine consumed 66.8 kg/hr of fuel with a
heating value of 44,251 kJ/kg. Calculate the indicated mean effective pressure in kPa if
mechanical efficiency is 89%𝐴𝑛𝑠.450.65 𝑘𝑃𝑎
7. The brake thermal efficiency of a 1MW diesel electric plant is 36%. Find the heat generated by
the fuel in kW if the generator efficiency is 89%. 𝐴𝑛𝑠.3,121.10 𝑘𝑊

8. A diesel engine is operating on a 4-stroke cycle has a heat rate of 8000Btu/Hp-hr.The

compression ratio is 13, cut off ratio is 2 and k = 1.32. Find the brake engine efficiency.
𝐴𝑛𝑠.63.5%
STEAM POWER PLANT

1. A steam generating plant consisting of a boiler, an economizer and super heater generates
superheated steam at the rate of 50 tons per hr. Feed water enters the boiler at 5Mpa and
120Oc. Steam leaves the super heater at 4.5Mpa and 320 oC. If the coal used has a heating value
of 30,000 kJ/kg, calculate the no. of tons of coalfiredperhrforagrossefficiencyof85%. 𝐴𝑛𝑠.4.889
𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑠/ℎ𝑟

2. A water tube boiler has a capacity of 1000 kg/hr of steam. The factor ofevaporationis1.3,boiler
rating is 200%,boiler efficiency is 65%,heating surfaceis0.91 m2per bo.Hp, and the heating value
of fuel is 18,400 kCal/kg. The total coal available in the bunker is 50,000 kg. Determine the no. of
hours to consume the available fuel. 𝐴𝑛𝑠.853.36 ℎ𝑟𝑠
3. An engineer design a H.R.T boiler 1 and ¾ meter diameter shell with the following internal
dimension: 4 m long, 75 mm outside diameter of the tubes with 2.75 mm thick wall and has a
three-pass design fifty tubes. Determine the rated boiler horsepower.𝐴𝑛𝑠.50.956 𝐵𝑜.ℎ𝑝

4. What is the net boiler efficiency if the heat generated by the fuel is 40,000,000kJ/hr and the
boiler auxiliaries consumes 2 MW. The ASME evaporation units of a boiler is 25,900,000kJ/hr.
𝐴𝑛𝑠.46.75%
5. During a test on a water-tube boiler the following data were recorded:
Pressure of steam..............................................2.5Mpa
Temperature of steam.................................300oC
Mass of steam...............................................11,350kg/hr
Temperature of feedwater..........................100oC
Mass of fuel...................................................875kg/hr
Calorific value...............................................42.3MJ/kg
Calculate the following:
a. ASME Evaporation Unit
b. Factor of Evaporation
c. Equivalent Evaporation
d. The Boiler Economy
e. The Boiler efficiency
6.
7.
STEAM PRIME MOVERS

1. A steam turbine with 80% stage efficiency receives steam at 7 Mpa and 550 Oc and exhaust at
20kPa. Determine the following:
a. Ideal turbine work𝐴𝑛𝑠.1241.22 𝑘𝐽/𝑘𝑔
b. Actual turbine work𝐴𝑛𝑠.992.98 𝑘𝐽/𝑘𝑔
c. Quality at exhaust based on actual𝐴𝑛𝑠.96.97 %
2. In problem no.1 calculate the turbine work if considering the steam velocity entering the turbine
20m/s and it exit ideally at 5m/s. 𝐴𝑛𝑠.1241.41 𝑘𝐽/𝑘𝑔

3. A steam engine has an indicated engine efficiency of 65%. The enthalpies of the engine at
entrance and exit are 3000 kJ/kg and 2500 kJ/kg respectively. If the mechanical efficiency is 85%
and the steam consumption is 1000kg/hr, what is the brake power of the engine? 𝐴𝑛𝑠.76.74 𝑘𝑊
4. A double acting steam engine with bore and stroke of 250mmx450mm rotates at 250 rpm. If the
mean effective pressure is 400 kPa, what is the indicated power developed in the cylinder and
the indicated thermal efficiency if the entrance steam pressure is 6 Mpa, 500 oC with a rate of
500 kg/hr and exit at 100 kPa? 𝐴𝑛𝑠.73.6 𝑘𝑊 𝑎𝑛𝑑 17.64%

5. Given below the parameters of the design trainer of a surface condenser

Heat transfer coefficient.......................................620Btu/hr-ft 2-F
Outside diameter of tube.................................5/8”
Thickness of tube...............................................0.05”
Design of effective length................................17’
Temperature of steam........................................170 oF
Temperature leaving the condenser...............95 oF
Temperatures for cooling system......................70 oF&90oF
Circulating water for cooling system.................90,000lb/hr
Calculate the following:
a. The heat rejected by the steam
b. The required number of tubes to be used