Tutorial 5

Tutorial 5

1. Find the image of each of the following points under the given mapping.

(a)  1 – 1  ; 1 5 (b)  – 1 2  ; – 6 2
3 2 5 7

2. Find the matrix which maps P  1 0  to P  1 5  and Q  0 1  to Q  – 3 2  .

3. Find the matrix which maps P  1 0  to P  1 0  and Q  0 1  to Q  0 1  .

4. Given the equations x = x + 2y and y = 2x – y , write down the transformation matrix.

5. For each of the following mappings X  = AX where X = x and X  = x ,

y y

–1
(i) rewrite in the form X = A X  and
(ii) hence find the image of the curve with the given equation.

(a) A = 1 2 ; y = x + 1
2 5

(b) A = 1 1 ; x + y = 1
2 2

1 0

6. Consider the transformation T :  x y    x y  where x = ax + by and y = cx + dy ;

a b c d  0 .

(a) Find a b c d if T maps  1 0  onto  1 3  and  1 1  onto  3 12 

(b) Hence find the image of the line with equation y = x under T

(c) Find the point whose image under T is  1 6 

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7. Find the image P  x y  of the point P  4 – 2  under reflection in:

(i) the x -axis

(ii) the y -axis

(iii) the line with equation y = x

8. Find the matrix of the transformation which reflects all points P  x y  in

(a) the line with equation y = – x

(b) the line with equation y = – 3x

2
9. Find the image of the curve with equation y = x under each of the following dilations/con-
tractions:
(a) factor of 2 parallel to the x -axis

(b) factor of 1  2 parallel to the y -axis

(c) factor of -2 parallel to the x -axis and 3 parallel to the y -axis.

10. Find the image of each of the curves with the following equations under reflection in:
(i) the x -axis (ii) the y -axis (iii) the line with equation y = – x
2
(a) y = x
2 2
(b) x – y = 1

11. Describe the effects of each of the following mappings and give the set of points which remain
fixed under each mapping.

(a) 3 0 (b) 4 0
03 0 2

2 2
12. Find the image of the curve with equation x + y = 1 under the following rotations about

3
the origin: (a) – 180 (b) ------
2

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13. Show that each of the following mappings are degenerate:

(a) 3 10
– 6 – 20

(b)  1 0    6 12  ;  0 1    2 4 

(c) cos x sin x

cos x sin x

1 a–b
(d)
2
a – b a – b

14. Find the value of the pronumeral in each of the following so that the matrix represents a
degenerate mapping:

(a) x 2
1 x+1

(b) sin x 1 ; 0  x  2
1 2

15. Find the gradient, m , of the line which maps to a point in each of the following mappings and

hence find an expression for the coordinates of that point in terms of the y -intercept of the line, k .

(a) 2 –4
–3 6

(b) 1 1
11

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16. Find the single matrix which represents the following combined transformations:
(a) Reflection in the x -axis followed by a rotation of   2 about the origin.

(b) Dilation of factor 2 about the origin followed by a reflection in the y -axis.

(Note: A dilation about the origin is the same as a dilation parallel to both the x and y axes.)

(c) Reflection in the x -axis followed by a reflection in the line with equation y = x .

(d) Rotation of   4 about the origin followed by a dilation of factor 2 in the x direction.

17. Which of the combined transformations in question 16 are commutative?

2 2
18. Find the image of the curve with equation x + y = 1 under the combined transformations in
question 16 part (b).

19. Identify the transformations represented by the following matrices.

1--- ------3-
–
(a) 1 0 (b) 2 2 (c) – 1 0 (d) 1  2 0 (e) 0 1 (f) 0 1 (g) 1 0
02 3 1 0 1 0 12 1 0 –1 0 0 –1
------- ---
2 2

20. ABC is a triangle with vertices A  – 1 1  , B  1 2  and C  – 2 3  .

(i) Find the coordinates of A , B and C , the images of A B and C respectively, under the trans-

formation which maps  1 0  onto  2 3  and  0 1  onto  – 1 1 

(ii) Find the coordinates of A , B and C , the images of A , B and C respectively, under the
linear transformation
x = x – y

y = x + 2y

(iii) Write down the matrix transformation which maps A , B and C onto A , B and C
respectively.
(iv) If the order of the transformations is reversed what would be the final images of A , B and C ?
(v) Are the transformations commutative?

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21. Under the transformation in which  1 0    3 0  and  0 1    0 3  find the image of the

line y = 2x – 3 and state the nature of the transformation.

x x–1
22. Find the value of the pronumeral in e 2e so that the matrix represents a degenerate
x
1 e

mapping.

23. Write down the matrix that represents each of the following combined transformations.

(i) A reflection in the x -axis followed by a reflection in the line y = 3x

(ii) A reflection in the line y = x followed by a rotation of – 90

(iii) A reflection in the line y = 2x followed by a reflection in the line y = – x

2
24. Find the image of the curve with equation y = x under a reflection in the line with equation

y = 2x .

1
25. Find the image of the curve with equation y = --- under each of the following transformations.
x

(a) 1 2
–1 2

3
(b) rotation of ------ about the origin
4

(c) dilation of factor 2 parallel to the positive y direction

(d) reflection in the line with equation y = x

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26. Consider the transformation T :  x y    u v  where

(i) (ii)
u = x + 2y u = 8x – 3y

v = x + 3y v = 6x + 4y

(a) Express each of these transformations in matrix form.

(b) Find the matrix of the inverse transformation and hence express x and y in terms of u and v .

27. The vertices of a triangle are A  5 10  , B  – 10 5  and C  10 – 5  . Find the coordinates of the
4
vertices after a rotation of  where tan  = – --- .
3

28. Find all values of c such that the following matrix equation represents a degenerate mapping.

x' = 3 – c x
y' c –1 y

29. Find the image of the line y = 3x + 1 under the mapping 3 –1 .

–9 3

30. Does the following matrix equation represent a degenerate mapping? Give a reason for your
answer.
x' = 4 2 x
y' 2 1 y

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ANSWERS
1. (a)  – 4 1  (b)  10 9  2. 1 – 3 3. 1 0 4. 1 2
5 2 0 1 2 –1

5. (a) (i) X = 5 – 2 X  (ii) 7x – 3y + 1 = 0 (b) (i) X = 0 1 X  (ii) x 2 + 2y 2 – 2xy – 1 = 0

–2 1 1 –1

6. (a) 1,2,3,9 (b) y = 4x (c)  – 1 1 

7. (i)  4 2  (ii)  – 4 – 2  (iii)  – 2 4 

8. (a) 0 –1 (b) – 4  5 – 3  5
–1 0 –3  5 4  5
1 2 1 2 3 2
9. (a) y = --- x (b) y = --- x (c) y = --- x
4 2 4

10.
2 2 2
(a) (i) y = – x (ii) y = x (iii) y = – x
2 2 2 2 2 2
(b) (i) x – y = 1 (ii) x – y = 1 (iii) y – x = 1

11.
(a) Dilation of factor 3 parallel to both the x and y axes;   0 0  
(b) Dilation by a factor 4 parallel to the x axis and a factor 2 parallel to they axis;   0 0  

2 2 2 2
12. (a) x + y = 1 (b) x + y = 1

13. No answers given; all determinants zero.

 5
14. (a) – 2 1 (b) --- ------
6 6

1
15. (a) --- ;  – 4k 6k  (b) – 1 ;  k k 
2

1
16. (a) 0 1 (b) – 2 0 (c) 0 – 1 (d) ------- 2 – 2
10 0 2 1 0 2 1 1

17. Only the combined transformations in part (b)

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2 2
18. x + y = 4

19.
(a) Dilation of factor 2 parallel to the y -axis.
(b) Rotation through an angle of   3 about the origin.
(c) Reflection in the y -axis.
(d) Contraction of factor 1  2 about the origin.
(e) Reflection in the line y = x .
(f) Rotation through an angle of –   2 about the origin.
(g) Reflection in the x -axis.

20.
(i) A  – 3 – 2  , B  0 5  , C  – 7 – 3 
(ii) A  – 1 – 7  , B  – 5 10  , C  – 4 – 13 

(iii) – 1 – 2
8 1
(iv)  – 5 – 5  ,  – 7 2  ,  – 14 – 11 
(v) No

21. y = 2x – 9 ; Dilation parallel to both x and y axes with a factor of 3.

22. ln 2 – 1

23. (i) – 1  2 – 3  2 (ii) 1 0 (iii) – 4  5 – 3  5

3  2 –1  2 0 –1 3  5 –4  5

2 2
24. 9x – 24xy + 16y – 20x – 15y = 0

2 2 2 2 2 1
25. (a) x – y = 8 (b) x – y = 2 (c) y = --- (d) y = ---
x x

26.

(a) (i) u = 1 2 x (ii) u = 8 – 3 x

v 13 y v 6 4 y

(b) (i) 3 – 2 ; x = 3u – 2v (ii) -----

1- 4 3
;
50x = 4u + 3v
–1 1 y = –u+v 50 – 6 8 50y = – 6u + 8v

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27. A  11 2  , B  – 2 11  , C  2 – 11  or A  – 11 – 2  , B  2 – 11  , C  – 2 11 

28.  3

29.  – 1 3 

30. Yes, since  = 0