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    Applications of Enzymes

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    Rabia Hussain
    This document discusses the pharmaceutical applications of enzymes. It notes that enzymes are biological catalysts found in living cells that accelerate chemical reactions without being consumed. It then discusses several types of enzymes used for pharmaceutical purposes, including cysteine proteinases and asparaginase. The document outlines various uses of enzymes in medicine, including killing microorganisms, promoting wound healing, and diagnosing diseases. It provides examples of analytical uses like detecting glucose levels, as well as therapeutic uses such as treating enzyme deficiencies and cancer. Finally, it briefly discusses industrial uses of enzymes in pharmaceutical production.

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    Applications of Enzymes

    Uploaded by

    Rabia Hussain
    39 views9 pages
    This document discusses the pharmaceutical applications of enzymes. It notes that enzymes are biological catalysts found in living cells that accelerate chemical reactions without being consumed. It then discusses several types of enzymes used for pharmaceutical purposes, including cysteine proteinases and asparaginase. The document outlines various uses of enzymes in medicine, including killing microorganisms, promoting wound healing, and diagnosing diseases. It provides examples of analytical uses like detecting glucose levels, as well as therapeutic uses such as treating enzyme deficiencies and cancer. Finally, it briefly discusses industrial uses of enzymes in pharmaceutical production.

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    This document discusses the pharmaceutical applications of enzymes. It notes that enzymes are biological catalysts found in living cells that accelerate chemical reactions without being consumed. It then discusses several types of enzymes used for pharmaceutical purposes, including cysteine proteinases and asparaginase. The document outlines various uses of enzymes in medicine, including killing microorganisms, promoting wound healing, and diagnosing diseases. It provides examples of analytical uses like detecting glucose levels, as well as therapeutic uses such as treating enzyme deficiencies and cancer. Finally, it briefly discusses industrial uses of enzymes in pharmaceutical production.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    39 views9 pages

    Applications of Enzymes

    Uploaded by

    Rabia Hussain
    This document discusses the pharmaceutical applications of enzymes. It notes that enzymes are biological catalysts found in living cells that accelerate chemical reactions without being consumed. It then discusses several types of enzymes used for pharmaceutical purposes, including cysteine proteinases and asparaginase. The document outlines various uses of enzymes in medicine, including killing microorganisms, promoting wound healing, and diagnosing diseases. It provides examples of analytical uses like detecting glucose levels, as well as therapeutic uses such as treating enzyme deficiencies and cancer. Finally, it briefly discusses industrial uses of enzymes in pharmaceutical production.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 9

    Pharmaceutical

    Applications of
    Enzymes
    DR. RABIA HUSSAIN
    Enzymes…the introduction

     Enzymes are important in all living cells because they act as


    biological catalysts that accelerate chemical reactions without
    being consumed in the process.
     Enzymes are crucial elements of every living entity and also address
    the dominant underlying causes of several health problems.
     Pharmaceutically important enzymes are an important component
    of the pharmaceutical market.
     They are broadly defined as prodrugs that target a specific
    biological reversible or irreversible reaction to treat a particular
    disease.
     Microorganisms are major source of pharmaceutically
    important enzymes, but several enzymes are also
    obtained from animal and plant sources.
     Enzymes which are used for pharmaceutical
    applications include
     cysteine proteinases, asparaginase, streptokinase,
    urokinase, deoxyribonuclease I, hyaluronidase,
    pegademase, and glucocerebrosidase.
    The Use of Enzymes In
    Medicine

    Due to the catalytic activity of enzymes they are


    able to be used in a variety of ways.
     The uses of important enzymes in medicine
    include killing disease-causing micro-organisms,
    prompting wound healing, and diagnosing
    certain diseases.
     Pharmaceutical enzyme applications generally
    require small quantities of highly purified enzymes.
     Enzyme-generated products are administered to
    patients in very small doses; this is in order to
    avoid possible side effects.
    Analytical Uses

     Enzymes can be used to detect and measure


    amounts of glucose in blood.
     Amount of glucose in blood and urine is an
    indicator for diagnosis of diabetes.
     Detected by using enzyme glucose oxidase.
     Catalyses reaction between glucose and oxygen
    to form gluconic acid.
     Biosensor measures the produced gluconic acid
    and then indicated by a colour change.
    Manipulative Uses

     The goal of manipulative enzymes is to make an


    enzyme that has improved properties to improve
    health.
     Changes created through the exchange of amino
    acids or modifications in the enzymes structure.
     Some alterations may include adding short peptide
    domains.
     Most common genetic alterations are with the creation
    of enzymes; introducing point mutations, exchanging
    protein domains, and changing the structure.
    Therapeutic Uses

     Can be administered individually or


    along with other drugs and/or
    treatments.
     Enzyme supplements for enzyme
    deficiencies.
     Prolactazyme treats lactose intolerance.
     Collagenase treats skin ulcer.
     Asparaginase used to treat leukemia.
     Streptokinase administered to patients
    immediately after heart attacks.
    Industrial Uses
     Penicillin G/V acylase and glucose
    isomerase are just two of the many
    enzymes used in the pharmaceutical
    industry.
     Penicillin acylase and glucose
    isomerase aid in the production of
    semi synthetic penicillin and fructose
    syrup.
     Enzymes also exist in many parts of
    the body, such as in the liver and in
    stomach acid.

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