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Lab # 5 Plunger Pump: Objective

The document describes Lab #5 which examines a plunger pump. The objectives are to construct a pressure-volume diagram for the pump and determine its volumetric efficiency. The apparatus used includes an Armfield IFD7, FM53 plunger pump, and software. A plunger pump moves media through a cylinder using a reciprocating plunger. The Armfield FM53 is a motor-driven demonstration unit that measures cylinder pressure, flow rate, and other variables. Procedures are described to operate the pump at various speeds and collect data to analyze pressure-volume relationships and efficiency. Pulsation dampers minimize pressure fluctuations in the system by absorbing shocks.

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653 views6 pages

Lab # 5 Plunger Pump: Objective

The document describes Lab #5 which examines a plunger pump. The objectives are to construct a pressure-volume diagram for the pump and determine its volumetric efficiency. The apparatus used includes an Armfield IFD7, FM53 plunger pump, and software. A plunger pump moves media through a cylinder using a reciprocating plunger. The Armfield FM53 is a motor-driven demonstration unit that measures cylinder pressure, flow rate, and other variables. Procedures are described to operate the pump at various speeds and collect data to analyze pressure-volume relationships and efficiency. Pulsation dampers minimize pressure fluctuations in the system by absorbing shocks.

Uploaded by

Nio
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lab # 5

Plunger pump
OBJECTIVE:
 To construct a pressure-volume diagram for plunger pump.
 To determine the volumetric efficiency of a plunger pump.

APPARATUS:
 Armfield IFD7
 Armfield FM53 plunger pump
 PC running Armfield FM53 software

INTRODUCTION:

Plunger pump:
A plunger pump is a type of positive displacement reciprocating pumps that use a plunger or
piston to move media through a cylindrical chamber. The plunger or piston is actuated by
a steam powered, pneumatic, hydraulic, or electric drive. Rotary piston and plunger pumps
use a crank mechanism to create a reciprocating motion along an axis, which then builds
pressure in a cylinder or working barrel to force gas or fluid through the pump. The
reciprocating motion of the plunger gives an uneven flow, although the inclusion of a
damping vessel can reduce this effect. The pressure in the chamber actuates the valves at both
the suction and discharge points.

Figure5.1: Plunger pump

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Armfield FM53 plunger pump:
A motor-driven plunger pump, mounted on a stainless steel plinth with a water reservoir,
pulsation damper and pipework for continuous circulation. The pump head, measuring tank,
pulsation damper and the water reservoir are manufactured from clear acrylic for maximum
visibility. The pump outlet is connected to both a sprung loading valve and a needle valve to
investigate different loading characteristics. A pressure relief valve protects the operator and
the equipment. An additional valve can be used to isolate or include the pulsation damper,
allowing the effect of damping to be investigated

Electronic sensors measure the instantaneous cylinder pressure within the pump, the pump
displacement and the cumulative flow over a period of time.

Figure5.2: Armfield FM53


Specification of Armfield FM53:
 A small-scale plunger pump demonstration unit, comprising of a water reservoir,
pump, control valve, relief valve and interconnecting pipework, all mounted on a
stainless steel base 
 Includes both a sprung loading valve and a needle valve for loading the pump.
 Equipped with electronic measurement sensors for cylinder pressure, plunger position,
pump outlet pressure and cumulative flow.
 Pulsation damping facility.
 Transparent pump head for visibility.
 Capable of being linked to a PC (not supplied} via a USB interface console (an essential
accessory), which does not require internal access to the computer Also enables
interfacing to other software packages.
 Supplied with software providing full instructions for setting up, operating, calibrating
and performing the teaching exercises. Facilities for logging, processing and displaying
data graphically.

Pulsating Damper:

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A Pulsation Dampener is an accumulator with a set pre-charge that absorbs system shocks
while minimizing pulsations, pipe vibration, water hammering and pressure fluctuations. By
minimizing pulsation in the system components like regulators, solenoids, sensors, etc.,
pumps will see decreased wear and have longer life.

Procedure:
 We switched on the apparatus and the PC.
 We opened the software Arm field FM53 and clicked on lab activity two i.e, pressure-
volume diagram for plunger pump.

Figure5.3: Armfield FM53


 We set the motor speed to 10 wait for the motor to get stable clicked reset and then enter
go to view the table.
 We start changing the speed of motor and noted down the values against that speed.
 Then we opened the lab activity three from the software i.e, volumetric efficiency of a
plunger pump.
 I repeated the same steps for this lab activity and get the table of efficiency against the
speed.

Observations and calculations:

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Motor Pump Plunger Cylinde Cylinder Outlet Motor Max Max
speed speed displacement r volume pressure toque cylinder outlet
pressure pressure pressure

(mm) (kPa) (cm³) (kPa) (Nm) (kPa) (kPa)

Moto Pum Plunger Cylinde Outlet Motor Volume Average Ideal Volumetri
r p Displace r Pressur Torqu
Collecte Flowrat flow c
Speed speed - Pressur e
e
n ment e d e rate Efficiency
η pump
(%) (spm) (mm) Pc (kPa) Po (Kpa) T V (ltr) (l/min) (l/min (%)
(Nm) )

Graphs:

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Figure5.4: Relation b/w cylindrical volume & pressure

Figure5.4: Relation b/w pump speed & volumetric efficiency

Questions:

Question#1: What is Pulsating Damper?

Answer:

Question#2: Why plunger pumps are called positive displacement pump?

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Answer:

Question#3: What are the advantages of plunger pumps??


Answer:

Conclusion:
I observed the characteristics of plunger pump and PV diagram of plunger pump cycle. In the
lab apparatus the pulsating damper was not in working conditions that’s why there was little
vibration and shocks in the pipelines. In heavy machinery it can be cause serious damage to
the system.

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