Uniliteral signs[edit]
Uniliteral signs
Phonetic values per
Sign Traditional transliteration
Allen (2000)
Sign Old
Hierogly Transcripti Middle
Colou Depiction Say Notes Egypti
ph on Egyptian
r an
Called alef or ham
Egyptian /l/ or / Silent, /j/,
--- ꜣ (3) a za,
vulture ɾ/ and /ʔ/
a glottal stop
an initial or
Flowering
Green i Called iod final vowel;
reed
sometimes /j/
Pair of
Green
reeds
No
Pair of y y Called yod or y /j/
record
strokes
Blue
or river
(?)
/ʕ/;
/d/ perhaps
aa/
Red Forearm ꜥ (ʾ) Called aayin ?[13] retained in
ā
some words
and dialects
quail
chick or
its
or Yellow w w/u Called wau /w/ ~ /u/
hieratic
abbreviati
on
Red Lower leg b b/v /b/ ~ /β/
Reed mat or
Green p p aspirated /pʰ/
stool
horned
Yellow f f /f/
viper
Uniliteral signs
Phonetic values per
Sign Traditional transliteration
Allen (2000)
Sign Old
Hierogly Transcripti Middle
Colou Depiction Say Notes Egypti
ph on Egyptian
r an
Yellow owl m m /m/
/n/,
ripple of
Blue n n /n/ sometimes /l
water
/
/ɾ/,
sometimes /l
Human mout /l/ or / /
Red r r/l
h ɾ/ (always /l/
in some
dialects)
reed
Blue h h /h/
shelter
An emphatic h,
twisted a voiceless
Green ḥ ḥ /ħ/
wick pharyngeal
fricative
Sieve or
Green ḫ x a voiceless velar /x/
placenta
fricative
Animal A softer sound,
--- belly and ẖ x a voiceless /ç/
tail palatal fricative
folded Old Egyptian sound
Red s ś for
/s/
cloth
"door bolt" is
/s/
unknown,
Red door bolt z z/s but perhaps /z/
was z or th
or
Blue Garden pool š sh /ʃ/
or
Uniliteral signs
Phonetic values per
Sign Traditional transliteration
Allen (2000)
Sign Old
Hierogly Transcripti Middle
Colou Depiction Say Notes Egypti
ph on Egyptian
r an
An emphatic k,
Blue Hill slope ḳ or q q' a voiceless uvular ejective /qʼ/
plosive
aspirated /kʰ/
Basket with
Green k k in some
handle
words, palatalized /kʲ/
Red jar stand g g ejective /kʼ/
Blue bread loaf t t' aspirated /tʰ/
tethering
As in palatalized /t / or /
Green rope or ṯ or tj ch
English church t /
hobble
Red hand d d ejective /tʼ/
ejective /t / or /t
Yellow Cobra ḏ or dj j As in English judge
/
Gardiner[14] lists several variations:
Uniliteral signs
Traditional transliter
Sign Notes
ation
Bag of linen g Appears in a few older words
Possibly a finger m Originally biliteral m
crown of Lower Originally ideogram nt for 'crown of
n
Egypt (the Deshret) Lower Egypt'
Pestle t Originally biliteral t
See also[edit]
List of Egyptian hieroglyphs
Egyptian biliteral signs
Egyptian triliteral signs
References[edit]
Citations[edit]
1. ^ Jump up to:a b E. Edel, Altäqyptische Grammatik, Analecta Orientalia 34, 39, Rome (1955, 1964).
2. ^ Carsten Peust, Egyptian Phonology: Introduction to the Phonology of a Dead Language (Göttingen, 1999), 127.
3. ^ Peust, Egyptian Phonology, p. 50, 99ff.
4. ^ Everson, Michael. Proposal to add 6 Egyptological characters to the UCS, 2000-08-27
5. ^ Everson, Michael and Bob Richmond, EGYPTOLOGICAL YOD and Cyrillic breathing, 2008-04-08
6. ^ Everson, Michael, Proposal to encode Egyptological Yod and similar characters in the UCS, 2008-08-04
7. ^ Michel Suignard, Proposal to encode Egyptological Yod and similar characters in the UCS, 2017-05-09 (cf. the
later 2008 proposal).
8. ^ List Egyptian - Egyptian Hieroglyphs in the
UCShttp://evertype.com/pipermail/egyptian_evertype.com/2017-June/thread.html.
9. ^ Supported by the fonts Junicode and New Athena
Unicodehttp://ucbclassics.dreamhosters.com/djm/greekkeys/NAUdownload.html
10. ^ Glossing Ancient Languages contributors, “Unicode,” in Glossing Ancient Languages, ed. Daniel A. Werning
(Berlin: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 6 July 2018, 07:57
UTC), https://wikis.hu-berlin.de/interlinear_glossing/index.php?title=Unicode&oldid=1097(accessed July 6,
2018).
11. ^ Jump up to:a b See IFAO - Polices de
caractères http://www.ifao.egnet.net/publications/publier/outils-ed/polices/.
12. ^ Carsten Peust (1999), Egyptian Phonology - Ch. 2.6.2
13. ^ called "ayin" in analogy with Semitic ayin (a voiced pharyngeal fricative), but not necessarily representing
the same sound (Semitic ayin tended to be transcribed by Egyptian h, and "Egyptian ayin" was "much
softer": Albright, William F. (1990). Yahweh and the Gods of Canaan: A Historical Analysis of Two Contrasting
Faiths. Eisenbrauns. p. 57. ISBN 978-0-931464-01-0.)
14. ^ Gardiner, Sir Alan H. (1973). Egyptian Grammar, 3rd. Ed. The Griffith Institute. p. 27. ISBN 0-900416-35-1.
Bibliography[edit]
Allen, James Paul. 2000. Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of
Hieroglyphs. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Buurman, Jan, Nicolas-Christophe Grimal, Michael Hainsworth, Jochen Hallof, and Dirk van der
Plas. 1988. Inventaire des signes hiéroglyphiques en vue de leur saisie informatique: Manuel de
codage des textes hiéroglyphiques en vue de leur saisie sur ordinateur. 3rd ed. Informatique et
Égyptologie 2. Mémoires de l'Académie des Inscriptions et Belle-Lettres (Nouvelle Série) 8. Paris:
Institut de France.
Erman, Adolf, and Hermann Grapow, eds. 1926–1953. Wörterbuch der aegyptischen Sprache im
Auftrage der deutschen Akademien. 6 vols. Leipzig: J. C. Hinrichs'schen Buchhandlungen. (Reprinted
Berlin: Akademie-Verlag GmbH, 1971).
Gardiner, Alan Henderson. 1957. Egyptian Grammar; Being an Introduction to the Study of
Hieroglyphs. 3rd ed. Oxford: Griffith Institute.
Hannig, Rainer. 1995. Großes Handwörterbuch Ägyptisch–Deutsch: die Sprache der Pharaonen
(2800–950 v. Chr.). Kulturgeschichte der antiken Welt 64 (Hannig-Lexica 1). Mainz am Rhein: Verlag
Philipp von Zabern.
Schenkel, Wolfgang. 1990. Einführung in die altägyptische Sprachwissenschaft.
Orientalistische Einführungen. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft.
Schneider, Thomas. 2003. "Etymologische Methode, die Historizität der Phoneme und das
ägyptologische Transkriptionsalphabet." Lingua aegyptia: Journal of Egyptian Language
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