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Introduction To XML: Informatics Practices Class XII By-Rajesh Kumar Mishra KV No.1, AFS, Suratgarh (Raj.)

The document introduces XML (eXtensible Markup Language) and describes its key features and uses. XML allows creating application-specific structured documents using custom tags. It is derived from SGML and is a meta language that is extensible, platform independent, and supported by W3C. The document provides examples to demonstrate how to create an XML document with a data structure and link it to a style sheet to control formatting for display.

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Sanjyoti Singh
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44 views10 pages

Introduction To XML: Informatics Practices Class XII By-Rajesh Kumar Mishra KV No.1, AFS, Suratgarh (Raj.)

The document introduces XML (eXtensible Markup Language) and describes its key features and uses. XML allows creating application-specific structured documents using custom tags. It is derived from SGML and is a meta language that is extensible, platform independent, and supported by W3C. The document provides examples to demonstrate how to create an XML document with a data structure and link it to a style sheet to control formatting for display.

Uploaded by

Sanjyoti Singh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter 13:

Introduction to XML

Informatics Practices
Class XII

By- Rajesh Kumar Mishra


PGT (Comp.Sc.)
KV No.1, AFS, Suratgarh (Raj.)
e-mail : [email protected]
What is XML?

eXtensible Markup Language (XML) is a


text-based mark-up language which
allows to create application specific
structured documents.
XML is meta language i.e. you can
create new tags.
XML is derived from SGML (Standard
Generalized Mark-up Language) which
was used to define a new Mark-up
languages.
HTML v/s XML
HTML and XML both are different types of Mark-up language.
 HTML
 HTML documents format and displays web page’ data.
 HTML Tags are pre-defined.
 HTML Tags may be Empty type.
 HTML Tags are not case sensitive.
 HTML documents are directly viewable in a Browser.
 XML
 XML documents carry data along with their description.
 XML Tags are not pre-defined. You may create your own Tags.
 XML Tags must be Container type.
 XML Tags are case sensitive.
 XML documents are viewable if its Style Sheet is available.
Features of XML

The common feature of XML are-


 XML was designed to carry data, not to display.
 XML is self-Descriptive, (Tags are not predefined).
 XML is free and Extensible ( It is Meta Language).
 XML is platform Independent.
 XML may be used to create a new Mark-up
Language.
 It is supported and recommended by W3C.
Structure of XML Document System

A XML Document is intended to display data like HTML.


An XML document system comprises the following-
 Style Sheet (CSS or XSL)
It defines the style (How it would appear i.e. font,
color, size alignment etc.) of the elements.
 Grammar Structure (DTD)
It is optional component in XML document system
and defines the Rules of the document (Tag
definitions).
 XML File
It contains and describes actual data.
How to Prepare XML Document
In order to prepare XML Document system, you may
do the following steps-
 Prepare XML document file as per problem
XML document is divided into two part.
1. The Prolog :
Preface or Introduction to the XML document. It
includes An XML declaration, Comments etc.
1. The Data Instance :
It contains actual data.
 Prepare a style-sheet file for XML file
It contains style rules that tells a browser how to
display an XML document.
 Link the XML file with Style sheet
Example to create XML document.
 Expected View on Browser
Computer Parts

Suppose we
Mother Board
want to make an
XML document
Asus
which is
P3B-F
displayed in
1230.00
browser as
shown here
TFT Monitor

LG Electronics
995e
8500.00
Example to create XML document.
 Preparation of XML (test.xml) document Prolog

<?xml version=“1.0” encoding = UTF-8“ standalone=“no” ?>


<?xml-stylesheet type=“text/css” href=“parts.css”?>
<PARTS>
<TITLE> Computer Parts </TITLE>
Linking of .css
<PARTS> (Style Sheet)
<PARTNAME>Mother Board</PARTNAME> file
<MANUFACTURER>Asus</MANUFACTURER>
<MODEL>P3B-F</MODEL>
<COST>1230.00</COST>
Data
</PART>
Instance
<PARTS>
<PARTNAME>TFT Monitor</PARTNAME>
<MANUFACTURER>LG Electronics</MANUFACTURER>
<MODEL>995e</MODEL>
<COST>8500.00</COST>
</PART>
</PARTS>
Example to create XML document.
 Preparation of Style Sheet (part.css)
file
PARTS {display:block}
TITLE {display:block; font-fanily:arial; color:#008000;
font-weight:600; font-size:16 margine-top:12pt;
text-align:center}
PART {display:block}
PARTNAME {display:block; font-fanily:arial; color:#008000;
font-weight:400; font-size:14 margine-left:10pt;
margin-top: 10pt}
MANUFACTURER {display:block; font-fanily:arial; color:#600060;
font-weight:400; font-size:14 margine-left:30pt;
margin-top: 10pt}
MODEL {display:block; font-fanily:arial; color:#600060;
font-weight:400; font-size:14 margine-left:30pt;
margin-top: 10pt}
COST {display:block; font-fanily:arial; color:#800000;
font-weight:400; font-size:14 margine-left:30pt;
margin-left: 5pt}
Why XML is used (Advantages)

XML offers the following advantages-


 XML is fully compatible to various application
developed in Java or any other languages.
 XML is portable and can be used on any network
or hardware like palmtop or PDAs.
 XML is Extensible i.e. You may create your own
tags.
 XML is platform Independent.
 XML document can be stored in the database.
 XML can be used to share data within wide area
networks. It is most suited to Internet.

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