Factors Affecting The Rate of Reaction Activation Energy

Factors Affecting the Rate of Reaction
Activation Energy
The activation energy refers to the minimum energy required for a reaction to take place. When a collision provides
energy equal to or greater than the activation energy, product can form. On the other hand, if the particles have energy
that is less than the activation energy, the collision is not effective, and they just bounce off each other unchanged.
The figure above shows a man trying to push a rock over the cliff. For the man to push the rock, he needs to have
enough energy. If the man does not have enough energy, the rock will not move down the cliff. This energy needed for
the man to push the rock over the cliff represents the activation energy.
Temperature
Temperature refers to how hot or cold a certain substance is. Usually, a rise in temperature of 10 0C doubles the
reaction rate. The rate of a chemical reaction increases with increasing temperature. As the temperature increases,
collision between atoms and molecules becomes faster resulting to build up of more energy. The increased kinetic energy
will equal to or exceed the activation energy resulting to more collisions giving rise to a reaction.
Let’s try to apply:
Arrange the following samples according to the rate of solubility of sugar. (1 -fastest, 3-slowest)
Cold water Hot water Tap water
Concentration
The rate of a chemical reaction is affected by the concentration of reacting substances. The term concentration
refers to the number of particles present in a given volume of solution. Concentration may also mean a measure of how
much of of the solute (something to be dissolved) is dissolved in a solvent (dissolving medium) to form a homogeneous
mixture. So, a higher concentration means there is more of the solute in the solution. If the concentration of the
reactant is increased, the rate of reaction also increases. When the number of particles of the reactant is increased, there
is a great chance for particles to collide.
To illustrate:
Now, let’s try to analyze the picture below:
Based on the Kinetic Molecular Theory (KMT) and properties of matter, why do you think there is less
collision on the left side while there is more collision on the right side?
What can you deduced (conclude) about the effect of concentration on the rate of chemical reaction?
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Surface Area and Particle Size
Surface area is the measure of how much exposed area a solid object has, expressed in square units. In a reaction
between a solid and a liquid, the more finely divided a solid is, the faster is the rate of reaction. Likewise, as you
powdered a solid, its surface area becomes greater, thus the particles have higher chance of colliding and faster reaction
happens.
To understand this further, try to analyze the picture and answer the questions below:
Figure 1 Figure 2
How many reactant particles can be seen on Figure 1?

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Which do you think is the solid particle on Figure 1?

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What have you observed to the reactant particles in Figure 2?
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In which container will the solid particle dissolve faster and why?
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 Quiz- Thursday
Directions: Find and encircle the missing words hidden in the grid. The words may be hidden in any direction.
activation collision energy particle size product reactant

reaction solute temperature theory
PART B.IDENTIFICATION
Directions: Identify what factor affects the rate of chemical reaction in the following situations. Use the choices below by
writing the correct letter before the number.
A. Temperature B. Concentrations C. Particle Size
8. The food was refrigerated.
9. A coal dust explosion happen in mines.
10. Acid rain erodes marble fast.
11. Two antacid tablets neutralizes acids faster than one tablet.
12. Kindling is used to start a fire.
Identify what kind of change occurs by writing the word Physical change or Chemical change.
______________1. Baking a pie
______________2. Burning a paper
______________3. Dissolving coffee in hot water
______________4. Dissolving sugar in water
______________5. Mixing paint to make a new color

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Factors Affecting the Rate of Reaction

Cold water Hot water Tap water

Surface Area and Particle Size

How many reactant particles can be seen on Figure 1?

Which do you think is the solid particle on Figure 1?

activation collision energy particle size product reactant

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