Name: Raj Prakash Shrivastav

Registration No: 18BCE2463

Software Engineering
Course Code: CSE3001
Slot: L13+L14

Final Assessment Test

For an online flight ticket reservation system
i) Design a data flow diagram and sequence diagram (15)
ii) Design a work breakdown structure (10)
iii) Write a software requirement specification (15)
Ans:
I) Data flow Diagram:
Level 1 of DFD:
Level 2 of DFD:
Sequence Diagram:
II) Work-Breakdown Structure:
 III) Software Requirement Specification:
Table of Contents
1. Introduction
1.1 Purpose
1.2 Document Conventions
1.3 Project Scope
2. Overall Description
2.1 Product Perspective
2.2 Product Features
2.2.1 Login
2.2.2 Enrollment
2.2.3 Book Flights
2.2.4 Reserve Seats
2.2.5 Flight Status
2.2.6 Flight Schedules
2.2.7 My Account
2.2.8 Logout
2.3 User Classes and Characteristics
3. System Features
3.1 General Requirements
3.1.1 Login
3.1.2 Enrollment
3.1.3 Book Flights
3.1.4 Reserve Seats
3.1.5 Flight Status
3.1.6 Flight Schedule
3.1.7 My Account
3.1.8 Account Log out
4. External Interface Requirements
4.1 User Interfaces
4.2 Communications Interfaces
5. Other Nonfunctional Requirements
5.1 Performance Requirements
5.2 Security Requirements
5.3 Software Quality Attributes
5.3.1 Usability
5.3.2 Robustness
1. Introduction

1.1 Purpose
This SRS document presents a detailed description of the Airline Flight Booking system,
version 1.0. It represents the client requirements analysis that defines the functional and
nonfunctional requirements of the airline website and its different functionalities. It
defines the abilities, reactions from stimuli, guidelines and limitations of the system. This
document will be complete in its scope of the system and the functions required. The
system provides a solution to allow the user to search for flights satisfying the user
criteria, to reserve seats, to manage the user account, and to book a flight.

1.2 Document Conventions

The document follows the IEEE format standard (IEEE Std. 830 – 1998).

1.3 Project Scope

The airline booking website is an application stored in the user server. The purpose of the
website is to resolve the client to allow website users to perform tasks related to booking
an airline flight. Non-member users are only allowed to search for available flights;
nonmember users are required to create an account to reserve a seat or to book a flight.
Member users have the right to search for available flights, to reserve a seat, to book a
flight, cancel a flight and to edit their member information. Member users are required to
login into their account prior to flight booking.

2. Overall Description

2.1 Product Perspective

This project represents the initial version of the Airline Booking system. All
requirements listed herein describe a self-contained system. At a high level, this project
will allow a user to book flights, check flights, do account maintenance, and query flight
information. The goal is to allow customers greater and easier access to the airline’s
booking system, twentyfour hours a day.

2.2 Product Features

We can subdivide the project into 7 main features. Details of each of the following
functions can be found in Section 3.
2.2.1 Login
Description: This function allows a registered user to login his account using his
frequent flyer number with the airline and password. If a user is
not registered, the website shall allow the user to enroll first. The
system will check both the frequent flight number and password,
when a user attempts to login.

Rationale: This provides security to the system by authenticating each

member and provides confidence to the consumer that his/her
personal information is secure.

2.2.2 Enrollment

Description: This function allows unregistered user to enroll and to create a new
account with the website. In order to create a new account, the
user has to provide required information such as first name, last
name, email address and password. Other optional information,
such as phone number, credit card information and mailing
address, can be provided during the registration process.

The system checks if all required data are provided and then will
prompt the user to enter additional information, if required. After
all required information is provided, the system auto-generates a
unique frequent flyer number that the user must use as username
for future authentications. The system shall auto-generate this
number in less than five seconds.
 Rationale: A user who wishes to purchase flights and use advanced features,
must be logged in. However, without enrollment, a user can never be
a member. This section offers all users a chance to become a member.

2.2.3 Book Flights

Description: The user can use the Book Flights function to purchase seats for an
airplane flight. The system shall present the user with information on
all current flights. The user may then select a pair (departure and
return) of flights on which to purchase seats. The user can indicate the
number of seats and placement of such. Finally, the system shall guide
the user completely through the checkout process.

Rationale: The heart of the business is selling seats on flights. This section
provides the primary source of system transactions.

2.2.4 Reserve Seats

Description: The user can use the Reserve Seat function to reserve seats for an
airplane flight. The seats to be reserved are initially found through the
user’s previous bookings. These bookings were previously completed
through the Book Flight function (SEE 2.2.3).

The system shall display available seats for the departing and
returning flights booked by the user. The user selects seats from each
flight, where the number of selected seats from each flight is the
number that the user booked on that particular flight. Once the flight
seats are selected, the user confirms the seat selection.
Rationale: Customers prefer to know where their seats are located. Further, they
prefer to pick out particular seats – closer to the front, window seat,
aisle seat, etc.

From that point, the seats are removed from available/unreserved

seats and the user’s booking is linked to those particular seats. If the
user fails to reserve a seat prior to flight takeoff, the user is randomly
assigned a seat from available seats a 30 minutes prior to initial
takeoff time. This function is offered immediately after booking the
user can wait and use the function to book seats anytime after up until
30 minutes prior their flight
2.2.5 Flight Status

Description: This section shall allow the user – whether enrolled or not – to view flight
information that matches input criteria. The user will provide:
1. A flight number and Date OR
2. Departing/Arriving Cities and Date.
 The system will display matching flight information including the
following fields:
• Flight Number
• Departure City
• Arrival City
• Status (one of the following) o In Flight o At the Gate
o Delayed o On Time

Rationale: Users will want to query the system to find flight information, even if
they’re not at an airport (e.g., on their mobile phone). By making this
information available through the web site, we can provide an extra
service to the customer and increase our company’s value.

2.2.6 Flight Schedules

Description: This section of the system shall allow a user to query flight
schedules
based upon simple input criteria. The user will provide departure
and arrival cities, and a departure/return date. If any flights match
the criteria, the system will display the following information:
• Flight Number
•
Departing City & Date/Time
• Arriving City & Date/Time
• Number of Available Seats

The system shall define a “matching” flight as one that uses the
departure/arrival cities at a flight time greater or equal to the time
provided by the user. Otherwise, the system shall alert the user
that no matching flights can be found.

Rationale: A customer will want to book flights based on his/her travel plans.
This section provides the user a choice of available flights from
which to pick.

2.2.7 My Account

Description: This section gives the user the power to view, save, edit or delete
the information stored in his/her account. The user can check
his/her accumulated points, look at the status of a flight that was
booked, cancel a flight that was already booked (optional) and
change his/her address, phone number, email or password. This
feature is not available for non-registered user.
 Rationale: A customer’s information changes from time to time. Giving the
users a way to modify their account information allows the
business to have current & updated information.

2.2.8 Logout
Description: The Logout section provides a way for the user to securely log out of
the system. This process will save all user operations when he/she
exits the system. If a user wishes to continue accessing the website,
he/she must log-in again to access user features.
Rationale: Customers often use shared computers. Providing a way to clear state
and log-out gives our customers confidence that nobody else will use
their flight-booking session.

2.3 User Classes and Characteristics

The main actors in the system are (1) the user, (2) a flight and (3) a Flight Seat. The user
will select a flight and book seats on the flight. They will then reserve specific seats on
that flight. Brief descriptions of these classes follow:

• User o Has properties like Name, Address, Age o Associated with Flight
Miles accumulated and Credit Card information.
• Flight o Has properties like Departing/Arriving City, Departure/Arrival
dates and times, Miles, and an identifying Flight Number.
• Flight Seat o Has properties of identifying seat number, reserved and
flight number o Associated to Flight by flight number
.

Our user may be associated with multiple flights, and many users may be associated with
any particular flight. Thus, a many-to-many relationship exists through the act of
booking flights.

Flights are associated to many Flight Seats. Each Flight Seat is only attached to one
Flight. So, this is a one-to-many relationship

The flight is but an object to be acted upon, so careful emphasis should be placed on
satisfying the user in his/her booking experience. The user is our primary customer.
3.System Features
This section provides detailed requirements for the website design, including functional
requirements.
3.1 General Requirements

3.1.1 Login
Description and Priority: This function allows a registered user to login his account
using his frequent flyer number with the airline and password.
If a user is not registered, the website should allow the user to
enroll first. The system will check both the frequent flight
number and password, when a user attempts to login.

In most case, the frequent flight number is convenient for both

the user and system performance. The user easily memorizes
his or her flight numbers but not a dull string. For the system,
when provided the flight number, flight information will be
delivered at the same time. Therefore, such operation reduces
the second query chance.

Theoretically, more than one record can retrieve by user’s

frequent flight number and password. Two or more users may
have chosen the same password and same flight number. The
way to break a tie is that system will go further to ask user’s
email confirmation to identify.
Inputs: Frequent flyer number and password

Source: All inputs are provided by user.

Outputs: Indication that user is logged in to the system.

Destination: The outputs are displayed on the screen as well as stored in the
system.
Requires: The user provides login information including frequent flyer
number and password.
Pre-Conditions: User is not logged in to system. User has previously enrolled
in system.
Post-Conditions: User is logged in to system, OR user is not logged in because
he/she entered unrecognized information.
Side-Effects: None

3.1.2 Enrollment

Description and Priority: This function allows unregistered user to enroll and to
create a new account with the website. To create a new
 account, the user has to provide required information such
as first name, last name, email address and password. Other
optional information, such as phone number, credit card
information and mailing address, can be provided during
the registration process.

The system checks if all required data are provided and

then will prompt the user to enter additional information, if
required. After all required information is provided, the
system auto-generates a unique frequent flyer number that
the user must use as username for future authentications.
The system shall auto-generate this number in less than
five seconds.

Inputs: Required: First name, last name, email address and

frequent flyer number

Optional: phone number, credit card information and

mailing address.

Source: All data except the frequent flyer number are inputs from the
user. The frequent flyer number is from the system store.
Outputs: Frequent Flyer Number

Destination: The changes are committed on the completion of the

“enrollment” function to account information. All information
also displays to the user via the screen.
Pre-Conditions: The user must not have an existing account with the website.

Post-Conditions: A user account is created and the user is able to access all
functionalities provided by the function “My Account” (refer
to 3.1.7)
Side-Effects: None
 Stimulus-Response:

User Action System Application

1. The system shows a list of
required data that must be
provided by the user in
order to create a new
account
2. The user provides 3. The system checks if all
information such as first required information have
name, last name, address, been provided by the user.
email address, credit card If a required data is
information and password missing, the system
by filling fields. Some data prompts the user to provide
are optional, while others the specific data in order to
are required (refer to process the account
section 2.2, REQ-02). creation.
4. When every required data is
provided, the system
creates an account and
auto-generates a unique
flyer number that must be
used as a username for
future authentication. The
system also sends the user
account information,
including the flyer number,
to the email address
provided by the user during
the account creation process.

3.1.3 Book Flights

Description and Priority: The user can use the Book Flights function to purchase seats
for an airplane flight. The system shall present the user with
information on all current flights. The user may then select a
pair (departure and return) of flights on which to purchase
seats. The user can indicate the number of seats and placement
of such. Finally, the system shall guide the user completely
through the checkout process.
Inputs: User information – the user must already be logged in.
Source: Inputs are from the user except flight information, which is
retrieved from the system.
Output: The purchased seats are tied to the user’s account, so he/she
can reserve seats later.
Destination: The booked flights will be stored in the user’s account
information when the user finishes payment. The flight
information shall also display on the screen.
Pre-Conditions: The user must have an account with the website and must be
logged in.
Post-Conditions: Completion of this function guarantees that the user has seats
on a specific flight. However, if the user wants particular
seats, he/she must also complete the reserve seats function.
Any successfully-booked flight from this function is assumed
to have completed payment already.
Side-Effects: User’s account is charged. Flight is associated with user’s
account.

Stimulus/Response:

User Action System Application

1. The systems checks to see if the
user is logged in, if not then the
systems require the user to login.
The system shows the user a list of
their already booked flights and the
available seats for those flights.
2. The user selects individual seats from 3. The system checks if the selected
a list of pre-booked flights. The seats are still available. If they are
seats are chosen in pairs so that the users available then the seats are temporarily
selects individual seats for the departing unavailable to other users to allow the
and returning flights. user to confirm their selection. The seats
and confirmation selection screen are
displayed

4. The user confirms the seat selections on the 5. Once confirmed, the seats are removed
screen. from available seats and are applied to
the user account. The user is shown a
final confirmation screen which displays
selected seats and account information.
3.1.4 Reserve Seats

Description and Priority: The user can use the Reserve Seat function to reserve seats for
an airplane flight. The seats to be reserved are initially
found through the user’s previous bookings. These
bookings were previously completed through the Book
Flight function (SEE 2.2.3).

The system shall display available seats for the departing

and returning flights booked by the user. The user selects
seats from each flight, where the number of selected seats
from each flight is the number that the user booked on that
particular flight. Once the flight seats are selected, the user
confirms the seat selection.

Inputs: User information used to determine previously booked flights.

Selected seats will be reserved by user.
Source: Inputs are from the user except flight information, which is
retrieved by the system.
Outputs: Selected Seats

Destination: The changes are committed on completion of the Reserve

Seats function to the user’s account information. The selected
seats are also displayed to the screen.
Pre-Conditions: The user must have an account with the website and must be
logged in. The user must also have previously booked flights
without seats reserved, either by user or system.
Post-Conditions: All selections of seats must be applied to the user’s account.

Side-Effects: The selected seats are no longer available to any other

customer.

Stimulus/Response:

User Action System Application

 1.The systems checks to see if the user
is logged in, if not then the system
requires the user to login. The
system shows the user a list of all
flights with open seats that match
their requirements.
2.The user selects a flight or a pair of 3.The system checks if the selected
flights (round-trip) that they wish flight(s) has their desired number of
to book. They choose a number of seats still available. If they are, the
seats they wish to book. system indicates to the user that their
flight is in the process of being
booked and they must now complete
payment. If there aren't enough
seats, the system notifies the user
which flights were full, and returns
the user to the beginning of the
function.
4.The user fills out payment 5.If payment is successfully confirmed,
information (either credit card or the flight is updated with the new
reward number)
number of open seats, and the user's
account is updated with the reserved
flight information. The user is shown a
final confirmation screen, which displays
flight and account information.

3.1.5 Flight Status

Description & Priority: This section shall allow the user – whether enrolled or not – to
view flight information that matches input criteria. The user
will provide:
a. A flight number and Date
OR
b. Departing/Arriving Cities and Date.
The system will display matching flight information
including the following fields:
o Flight Number o Departure City o
Arrival City
o Status (one of the following)
• In Flight
• At the Gate
• Delayed
 • On Time

Inputs: Departing city, Destination city, Departure date/time

Source: All inputs are provided by the user.

Outputs: Flight information including Flight Number, Departure City,

Arrival City, and Flight Status.
Destination: All outputs should display on the screen.

Pre-Conditions: None.

Post-Conditions: User has flight status for any matching flight.

Side-Effects: None

3.1.6 Flight Schedule

Description & Priority: This section of the system shall allow a user to query flight
schedules based upon simple input criteria. The user will
provide departure and arrival cities, and a departure/return
date. If any flights match the criteria, the system will display
the following information:
o Flight Number
o Departing City &
Date/Time o Arriving City
& Date/Time o Number of
Available Seats
 The system shall define a “matching” flight as one that uses
the departure/arrival cities at a flight time greater or equal to
the time provided by the user. Otherwise, the system shall alert
the user that no matching flights can be found.
Inputs: Departing City, Destination City, Departure Date/Time

Source: All inputs provided by user.

Outputs: Flight Information including Flight Number, Departing City &

Date/Time, Arriving City and Date/Time, Number of
Available Seats.
Destination: All output should display to the screen.

Pre-Conditions: None

Post-Conditions: User has flight information for any matching flight.

3.1.7 My Account
Description & Priority: This section gives the user the power to view, save, edit or
delete the information stored in his/her account. The user can
check his/her accumulated points, look at the status of a flight
that was booked, cancel a flight that was already booked
(optional) and change his/her address, phone number, email or
password. This feature is not available for non-registered user.
Inputs: Account changes, if any, made by the user. Account changes
include updates on first name, last name, email address,
mailing address, password or phone numbers.
Source: All data are inputs from user.

Output: None.

Destination: The changes are committed on completion of the My Account

function to account information.
Pre-Conditions: The user must have an account with the website and must be
logged in prior to access his/her account.
 Post-Conditions: All changes submitted by the user are applied to the user
account on completion of the function.

3.1.8 Account Log out

Description & Priority: The Logout section provides a way for the user to securely log
out of the system. This process will save all user operations
when he/she exits the system. If a user wishes to continue
accessing the website, he/she must log-in again to access user
features.
Inputs: None.

Source: N/A

Outputs: Notification that the user is logged out.

Destination: User is notified by display to screen.

Pre-Conditions: User is logged in to the system.

Post-Conditions: User is logged out of the system.

Side-Effects: The system clears the session state for the user once logout is
complete.

4.External Interface Requirements

4.1 User Interfaces

A Help link will appear on every screen that describes the function of each page to the
user. The implementation should be written so that blind users can still interact with the
system (using a screen reader.)

4.2 Communications Interfaces

The system must utilize the standard Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP) to ensure
maximum inter-browser compatibility. The client accesses the system through a web
browser.
5.Other Nonfunctional Requirements

5.1 Performance Requirements

• The Airline Website shall have capabilities to accept 500 connections. For each
session, system shall guarantee the connection time 5 minutes from last input, after
which the connection will be deemed expired. A close operation will be performed when
expired. This design is to satisfy each user’s usability and connection quality.

• The system shall send out verification request immediately (within 100ms) after
the it receives a user submitted form.

• The system shall update all flight status information every 5 minutes.
5.2 Security Requirements
• Passwords must be a minimum of eight characters and must contain one to seven digits.

• Email addresses should be verified before the system grants user access. This verification
shall be exercised by sending the prospective user a confirmation email after enrollment.
This email must contain information specific to completing the enrollment process.

• All exchanges from client to server involving private data shall occur using the highest
available level of secure connection (e.g., https).

5.3 Software Quality Attributes

5.3.1 Usability:
The airline website design shall allow deployment on both Windows and UNIX
(Linux) servers. The design should support Windows Server 2003, Linux 2.6.x,
V10 UNIX and later.

5.3.2 Robustness:
The system design shall include recovery scenarios allowing the ability to restore
a state no older than one business day old.