The Web User Interface

The Web User Interface

• Communication medium.
• It used in businesses, organizations, and homes around
the world.
• Web interface design is the design of navigation and the
presentation of information.
• It is about content, not data.
• Proper interface design should properly balancing the
structure and relationships of menus, content, and
other linked documents or graphics.
• The design goal is to build a pages with menus and that
feels natural, is well structured, and is easy to use.
 The Web User Interface
• The Web is a navigation environment where
people move between pages of information, not
an application environment.
• It is also a graphically rich environment.
• Web interface Provides no of links , visible
navigation buttons display on the screen.
 The Web User Interface

• Web interface design objective is information

architecture and task flow, in a easy to standard.

• It is more difficult because of the availability of

the various types of multimedia, and the desire
of many designers to use something simple
 The Web User Interface
• The Popularity of the Web
• It allows millions of people across the globe to
communicate, access information, publish, and
be heard.
• It allows people to display Web pages.
• And aspects such as colors can be changed,
graphics turned off, and decisions made
whether or not to transmit certain data over
channels.
 The Web User Interface
• Characteristics of a Web Interface
• A Web interface possesses a number of
characteristics, some similar to a GUI interface,
• GUI and Web interface design are similar.
• Both are software designs,
• they are used by people,
• they are interactive,
• they are heavily visual experiences presented
through screens, and
• they are composed of many similar components.
 The Web User Interface
• GUI versus Web Page Design
• Devices:-
• In GUI design, the characteristics of interface devices such as monitors and
modems are well defined.
• In Web design, no assumptions about the user’s interface devices can be
made.
•
User focus:-
• GUI systems are about well-defined applications and data, and about
transactions and processes.
• The Web is primarily about information and navigation, an environment
where people move back and forth in an unstructured way among many
pages of information.
• Web use is most often characterized by browsing and visual scanning of
information to find what information is needed.
 The Web User Interface
• GUI versus Web Page Design
• Data/information:-
• GUI data is typically created and used by known
and trusted sources, people in the user’s
organization.
• The information is typically organized in an
understandable and meaningful fashion.
• The Web is full of unknown content typically
placed there by others unknown to the user.
• Typical users don’t put information on the Web
 The Web User Interface
• GUI versus Web Page Design
• User tasks.
• GUI system users install, configure, personalize,
start, use, and upgrade programs.
• They open, use, and close data files.
• The Web user has no notion of programs and
tends to be much less aware of computer
mechanics.
 The Web User Interface
• GUI versus Web Page Design
• User’s conceptual space.
• In a GUI environment the user’s conceptual
space is controlled by the program and
application.
• A Web user’s space is infinite and generally
unorganized.
 The Web User Interface
• GUI versus Web Page Design
• Presentation elements.
• The main presentation elements for GUIs are various kinds
of windows, menus, controls, toolbars, messages, and data.
• Many elements are dynamically appearing and disappearing
based upon the current context and style guides used.
• Web systems possess two components: the browser and
page.
• Many browsers are substantially GUI applications with
traditional GUI presentation elements.
• Within a page any combination of text, images, audio, video,
and animation may exist.
 The Web User Interface
• GUI versus Web Page Design
• Navigation.
• GUI users navigate through structured menus,
lists, trees, dialogs, and wizards.

• Web users control their own navigation through

links, bookmarks, and typed URLs.
 The Web User Interface
• GUI versus Web Page Design
• Context.
• GUI systems enable the user to maintain a better sense of
context.
• Paths are restricted, and multiple overlapping windows may
be presented and visible, enabling users to remember how
what they are doing fits into the overall task picture.
• Web pages are single entities with almost unlimited
navigation paths.
• They do not bring up separate dialog boxes to ask questions,
provide or request supplemental information, or present
messages.
 The Web User Interface
• GUI versus Web Page Design
• Interaction.
• GUI interactions consist of activities such as clicking menu
choices, pressing buttons, selecting choices from a list, and
cutting, copying, or pasting within context established by an
open window and an active program.
• The basic Web interaction is a single click.
• This click can cause extreme changes in context such as moving
to another site or changing the displayed information within a
site.
• Additionally, the browser provides parallel mechanisms such as
the Back button and Forward buttonthat may function
differently depending on context.
 The Web User Interface
• GUI versus Web Page Design
• Response time.
• Response times with a GUI system are fairly
stable, if not nearly instantaneous.
• Web response times can be variable, and often
slow.
• Line transmission speeds, system loads, and
page content can have a dramatic impact.
 The Web User Interface
• GUI versus Web Page Design
• Visual style.
• In GUI systems, the visual style is typically prescribed by
toolkits
• While some user options and style choices do exist, little
opportunity exists for screen personalization.
• In Web page design, a more artistic, individual, and
unrestricted presentation style is allowed and encouraged.
• Much design freedom exists, but differing browser and
display capabilities, multiple screen sizes, and bandwidth
limitations, often complicate and restrict this freedom.
 The Web User Interface
• GUI versus Web Page Design
• System capability.
• GUI system capabilities depends on the proportion to the
capability of the hardware in terms of speed, memory, and
configuration, and the software.

• The Web is more constrained, because it is limited by

constraints imposed by the hardware, browser, and
software.
• It is also limited by the willingness of the page owner to
provide certain functions and elements, and privacy issues .
 The Web User Interface
• GUI versus Web Page Design
• Task efficiency.
• GUI systems are targeted to a specific audience
performing specific tasks.
• Generally, the efficiency of performing a task is
limited only by the amount of programming
undertaken to support it.
• Browser and network capabilities limit Web task
efficiency.
 The Web User Interface
• GUI versus Web Page Design
• Consistency.
• Consistency in GUI system design is a major objective in most development
efforts.
• Many organizations possess interface and screen design standards and toolkits to
aid in the standardization process.
• Toolkits and guidelines also allow a certain degree of universal consistency in GUI
products.

• In Web page design, the heavy emphasis on graphics, a lack of design standards,
and the desire of Web sites to establish their own identities results in very little
consistency across sites.
• Web sites often establish standards within a site, but in too many instances
developers ignore guidelines existing for GUI components used in Web pages.
These problems are found especially in the presentation of screen controls on
pages.
 The Web User Interface
• GUI versus Web Page Design
• User assistance.
• User assistance is an integral part of most GUI systems
applications.
• Users access this assistance through standard mechanisms such as
the F1 key and Help menus.
• Message and status areas are also provided on the screen.

• Web pages do not yet provide similar help systems.

• Customer service support, if provided, is generally oriented to the
product or service offered.
• GUI browsers may provide GUI-type assistance, so the user sees
two different assistance approaches
 The Web User Interface
• GUI versus Web Page Design
• Integration.
• A primary goal of most GUI applications is the
seamless integration of all pieces.
• Common functions are supported across applications
and import/ export capabilities exist.
• Again, toolkits and their components are key elements
in accomplishing this objective.
• In Web design, some integration is apparent within a
site for basic functions such as navigation and printing.
 The Web User Interface
• GUI versus Web Page Design
• Security.
• In a GUI environment, security and data access can be tightly controlled,
in proportion to the degree of willingness of an organization to invest
resources and effort.

• The Web is renowned for security exposures.

• This is a major inhibitor of Web use for both businesses and consumers.
• Browser-provided security options have typically not been well
understood by average Web users.
• When employed, these security options often have function-limiting side
effects (such as disabled cookies). Attempts to create a more trustworthy
appearance are being made through the use of security levels and
passwords to assure users that the Web is a secure environment.
 The Web User Interface
• GUI versus Web Page Design
• Reliability.
• Like security, reliability in GUI systems is established and
controlled in proportion to the degree of willingness of an
organization to invest resources and effort. The computer being
used influences reliability as does, if applicable, the local area
network. Both are in the control of the using organization.
• Web reliability is susceptible to disruptions from many
directions. Telephone line and cable providers, Internet service
providers, hosting servers, and remotely accessed sites all can
contribute to the problem. Accessed applications and user
mistakes may also cause reliability problems. Alack of reliability
can be a great inhibitor of Web use.
 The Web User Interface
• Characteristics of a Web Interface
 The Web User Interface
• Characteristics of a Web Interface