DRUG STUDY

DOSAGE
GENERIC , TIMING MECHANISM ADVERSE NURSING
CLASSIFICATION INDICATIONS CONTRAINDICATIONS
NAME & OF ACTION EFFECTS CONSIDERATIONS
ROUTE
Digoxin 0.75-1.5 Inotropic Heart failure, Inhibits sodium- CNS: • Patients who are • Assess for
mg Antiarrhythmic paroxysmal potassium Fatigue, generalized hypersensitive to the digitalis allergies
PO Cardiac supraventricula activated ATP, muscle weakness, drug and in those • Assess vital
OD glycoside r tachycardia, promoting agitation, with digitalis-induced signs
atrial fibrillation movement of hallucinations, toxicity, ventricular • Hold drug and
and flutter calcium from CV: fibrillation, or inform physician
ECF to Arrhythmias, ventricular if apical pulse is
intracellular heart block. tachycardia unless <60
cytoplasm and EENT: caused by heart
strengthening Yellow-green halos failure. • Do not
myocardial around visual • Patients with Wolf- administer with
contraction. Also images, blurred Parkinson-White meals
acts on CNS to vision, light flashes, syndrome • Instruct patient
enhance vagal photophobia, • Elderly patients with to report if side
tone, slowing diplopia. acute MI effects occur
conduction GI: • Inform patients
through SA and Anorexia, nausea not to stop intake
AV nodes abruptly

Simvastati 20-40 mg Lipid-Lowering Adjunct to Inhibits an CNS: • Patients with • Obtain dietary
n OD Agent dietary therapy enzyme, HMG- Dizziness, headache, hypersensitivity history
Evening in primary CoA reductase insomnia, weakness among agents. • Evaluate serum
PO hypercholester (enzyme that EENT: Rhinitis • Patients with sepsis, cholesterol
olemia and catalyzes Respi: Bronchitis major surgery, levels before
mixed conversion of GI: Abdominal trauma, and major initiating and 4-6
dyslipidemias; HMG-CoA to cramps, constipation, disturbances in weeks after
reduction of produce diarrhea, flatus, endocrine or therapy
lipids or mevalonate), heartburn, altered electrolyte disorders. • Monitor liver
Cholesterol to which is taste, drug-induced • History of liver function tests
reduce risks of responsible for hepatitis, dyspepsia disease and alcohol • Administer once
MI cholesterol GU: Impotence abuse daily in the
synthesis Derm: Rashes, evening.
pruritus
 DOSAGE
GENERIC , TIMING MECHANISM ADVERSE NURSING
CLASSIFICATION INDICATIONS CONTRAINDICATIONS
NAME & OF ACTION EFFECTS CONSIDERATIONS
ROUTE
Furosemid 40 mg Loop Diuretics Edema due to Inhibits the CNS: • Patients with • Administer
e PO cardiac, sodium and Dizziness, hypersensitivity together with
OD hepatic, and chloride encephalopathy, • Patients with meals
renal disease, reabsorption in headache, insomnia, acid/base imbalance • Monitor daily
burns; mild to the ascending nervousness and electrolyte weight
moderate loop of Henle, EENT: imbalance • Assess lung
hypertension, which then Hearing loss, tinnitus • Patients with sounds, skin
hypertensive increases renal GI: Nausea, vomiting, diabetes mellitus turgor, and
crisis, acute excretion of diarrhea, constipation • Patients with severe mucus
heart failure, sodium, chloride CV: diarrhea, heart membranes
chronic renal and water. Hypotension failure, and • Assess fluid
failure Immune: ventricular status
Anaphylactic arrhythmias • Monitor blood
reactions pressure before,
during, and after
drug
administration

Potassium 40 to 100 Electrolyte and Used to treat ICF cation which CNS: Pain, • Severe renal • Monitor I&O ratio
Chloride mEq water balance or prevent low maintains ICF confusion, irritability impairment, and and pattern if
PO agent amounts of isotonicity; aids GI: Nausea, vomiting, severe hemolytic parenteral route
TID potassium in in transmission diarrhea, abdominal reactions is used. Stop
the blood; of nerve distention • Patients with infusion if
treatment for impulses, Muscoskeletal: Addison’s disease, oliguria occurs
hypokalemia contraction of Paresthesias of Crush syndrome, and notify
w/wo cardiac and extremities, and early post- physician
metabolic skeletal heaviness in limbs, operative oliguria, • Monitor for signs
alkalosis; also muscles, and difficulty swallowing acute dehydration of GI ulceration
used for maintains Hema: Hyperkalemia adynamic ileus, and • Instruct patient
digitalis normal kidney Respi: Respiratory heat cramps to report dark,
intoxication function and distress • Patients with tarry, or bloody
enzyme activity CV: Hypotension, hyperkalemia stools
bradycardia, cardiac
 depression, • Treatment with • Administer oral
arrhythmias potassium-sparring drugs after
diuretics meals
• Caution to
swallow tablet
whole

Amlodipine 5 mg OD Calcium Management if It inhhibits CNS: dizziness, • Allergy to • Monitor vital

PO antagonist hypertension, calcium ions lightheadedness, amlodipine signs
chronic stable from entering the fatigue, lethargy • Hepatic or renal • Obtain history of
angina, slow channels or impairment patient's
vasopastic seldt voltage- CV: peripheral • Sick sinus syndrom previous
angina. sensitive areas edema, arrhythmias • Heart block medication to
of vascular • Lactation avoid
smooth muscle Dermatologic: interactions
and myocardium flushing, rash • Monitor BP while
during adjusting dosage
depolarization GI: nausea, especially in
abdominal discomfort patients with HF
or sever aortic
stenosis
• Educate to take
missed dose a
soon as
remembered and
next dose shall
be taken in 24
hours
• Advise to
immediately
notify prescriber
of ay dizziness,
arm or leg
swelling,
difficulty
breathing, hives
or rash
• Advise to take
drug with meals
if abdominal
 discomfort
occurs
• Advise on eating
small, frequent
meals for
nausea and
vomiting.
Lisinopril 20-40 mg Antihypertensive Treatment of Competitive CV: hypotension, • Hypersensitivity to • Monitor serum
OD PO ACE Inhibitors hypertension, inhibitor of chest pain lisinopril, any calcium levels,
either alone or angiotensin- CNS: dizziness, compnent, or other BUN, serum
in combination converting headache, fatigue, ACE inhibitors creatinine, renal
with other enzyme (ACE); muscle weakness • Use with caution function, WBC,
antihypertensiv prevents DERMATOLOGIC: and modify dosage and postassium
e agents; conversion of rash in patients with renal levels
adjunctive angiotensin I to GI: diarrhea, impairment, severe • Assess all other
therapy angiotensin II, a vomiting, nausea congestive heart medications for
treatment of potent RENAL: increased failure, or with effectiveness
CHF; vasoconstrictor; BUN/serum creatinin coadministered and/or
treatment of results in lower RESPI: upper diuretic therapy. interactions.
hemodynamica levels of respiratory • Use in caution in • Monitor blood
lly stable angiotensin II symptoms, cough, patients with risk pressure and
patients within which causes an dyspnea factors for heart rate before
24 hours of increase in hyperkalemia. and after first
acute MI to plasma renin • Can cause fetal dose or dose
improve activity and a injury or death if increases, and
survival. reduction in taken during second on regular basis.
aldosterone or third trimester. • Monitor for
secretion. • ACE inhibitors edema of face,
should not be used if extremeties, lips,
patient is sexually tongue or glottis.
active and not using Discontinue
contraception. when edema in
glottis occur.
• Monitor for
hypotensive or
hyperkalemic
response and
instruct patient
about safety
measures.
• Take as
directed. Do not
change dose
and stop taking
without
consulting
prescriber.
• Do not change
amount of
dietary salt
without advice or
consulting with
prescriber.
• You may
experience
headache,
dizziness,
fainting, or
fatigue until
response to
therapy is
established.
• Due to aging,
Glomerular
filtration rate
decreases and
may have
exaggerated
responses to
ACE inhibitors.
• Use lowest dose
recommendation
initially for
elderly