Demonstratives - Pronouns - Possessives - Quantifiers G

12 Fill in the gaps with some, any, no or one of their compounds.

A: Are there • . ,;:iJtj •• windows in the bedroom? 5 A: It's rain ing so I don 't want to go .......... .
B: Yes, there are two with a view of the ocean. B: Nor do I but we should do . . . . . . . . .• .

2 A: Could I have .......... chocolate, please? 6 A: . . . . . . . . .. should tell her she has food in
B: I'm sorry, I don't have .......... left. her teeth.
B: I agree. How embarrassing!
3 A: Do you know if .............. , went to the
concert? 7 A: Where did you go?
B: It was cancelled actually, so ........ " went. B: .......... . I was here the whole time.

4 A: I don't like it here. 8 A: There aren 't ........•. strawberries left.

B: Do you want to go .......... else, then? B: I'll buy .......... more later.

13 Fill in the gaps with every or one of its compounds.

I'm so glad •••. t;,v.e.r;)(Qt:1~• •••• liked the food! 5 Jo loves to travel. She has been ............ .
2 Don't worry, ..................... is going to 6 Sophie wakes up at 7:00 am .............. ..
be all right. day.
3 He has spilt his coffee .......•............. . 7 I've looked ............... but I can't find the
4 I decided to tell Jenny ................ I knew. map.

Much - Many - A lot of

--
Countables r Uncountables
Positive I a lot (of) / lots of / a lot (of) / lots of / There are a lot of trees in the park.
Imany (formal) much (formal) There is a lot of cheese in the fridge.

Interrogative Imany much Are there many shops in York? Did you
have much time to do any shopping?

Negative many much There aren't many oranges. I haven't got

much money.
Positive a few (= some) / a little (= some) / There were a few boys in the class . .;
(very) few ( = not (very) little ( = not Very few students attended the lecture.
many, not enough) much , not enough) Very little progress has been made .

• A lot (of) / Lots (of) are used with countable or uncountable nouns and are normally used
in positive sentences. He 's got a lot of work to do. A lot of students worked on this project.
A lot of can be used in questions or negative sentences in informal English.
Were there a lot of casualties in that road accident? (informal)
• Many is used with countable nouns and much with uncountable nouns. They are normally
used in questions or negative sentences. Has he got many friends? We haven't got much money.
Many or much are often used in positive sentences after too, so, how or in formal English.
He spends too much money. He's got so many problems. Much effort had been made before the
peace treaty was signed. (formal)

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G) Demonstratives - Pronouns - Possessives - Quantifiers

• A few is used with countable nouns and a little with uncountable nouns. They both have a
positive meaning. A few means some, a small number. A little means some, a small amount.
There are a few oranges and a little sugar on the table .
• Few / Little both have a negative meaning. Few means not many, almost none. Little means
not much, almost none. Few and little are rather formal English. They had little time to enjoy
themselves. There were few occasions to relax.
Very few / very little are more usual in everyday speech. It is also common to use: only a
little, only a few. She has a few good friends (some friends) so she 's happy. He has very few friends
(almost no friends) so he's unhappy. I've got a little time (some time) so I can help you. I've got very
little time (almost no time) so I can't help you.
,.
14 Ask and answer questions using the ideas below as in the example:

1 2 r 3

4 5 6

A: How many oranges have we got? 2 A: How much olive oil have we got?
B: We've got a few. B: We've got a lot.

15 Fill in the gaps with much, many or a lot of.

A: Do we need more bread? 5 A: You've made .......... desserts.

B: Yes, there isn't .. roLJ~h .. left. B: Yes, but I've invited all my friends over!

2 A: How .......... milk should I add to the flour? 6 A: How .......... times a week do you swim?
B: One cup is fine. B: Two or three.

3 A: Have we got .......... tomatoes? 7 A: Max is a very good tennis player.

B: Yes, we've got lots in the fridge. B: Yes, he has won .......... competitions.

4 A: How .......... pepper did you put in the 8 A: How .......... onions are left?
stew? B: About five or six.
B: Why? Is it too spicy?

16 Fill in the gaps with too much or too many.

Don't put .... taQ .n1Ucb . ... " sugar on your 4 Sophie spends ...... . . . . . . . . . . . . .. money
cereal. It's not good for you . on clothes.
2 This soup tastes awful. You 've added 5 I can't see the band! There are .............. .
.................... salt. people standing in front of us.
3 There are . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. people waiting 6 Our new neighbours make .....•.............
for the train to Gatwick. noise. We can 't sleep. .

166
Demonstratives - Pronouns - Possessives - Quantifiers G)
17 Fill in the gaps with a few or a little.
A: Hurry up Brenda; I need to use the phone! 4 A: Is Mr Roberts in?
B: OK. Just give me .. a few .. more minutes. B: Yes. He arrived .......... while ago.
2 A: 'Shall I add some milk to your tea? 5 A: Have you got many CDs?
B: Yes, please but just .......... . B: Only .......... .
3 A: It's a lovely day. Let's have a picnic in the park. 6 A: I'm going to the supermarket. Do you need
B: Great idea! I'll pack .......... sandwiches anything?
and some drinks. B: yes, .......... carrots for the vegetable soup.

f\
11351~ Listen and repeat. Then act out.

All - Both - Whole - Either - Neither - None - Every - Each

• All refers to more than two people or things • None refers to more than two people or
or the whole of a group or thing. It has a things. It has a negative meaning and isn't
positive meaning and takes a verb in the followed by a noun. None of can be used
plural. All the students passed the test. All of with nouns, his, them, etc. followed by a
them were very happy. They were all very happy. verb either in the singular or plural. Sal/y,
All + that clause means 'everything' and Helen and Sue haven't been to Madrid. None of
takes a singular verb. All that he said was the girls / them has / have been to Madrid.
untrue. "Are there any more tickets?" "No, none."
• Both refers to two people or things. It has • Both ... and is followed by a plural verb.
a positive meaning and takes a verb in the Both Costas and Nikos are students.
plural. Ann and Kate are sixteen. Both Ann and • Neither ... nor / Either ... or take either a
Kate are sixteen. They are both sixteen. Both of singular or plural verb depending on the
them are sixteen. Both girls are sixteen. subject which follows nor or or. Neit~r
• Whole (= complete) is used with singular Carol nor Ann goes to the gym.
countable nouns. We always use a, the, • Every is used with singular countable
this, my, etc. + whole + countable noun. nouns. It refers to a group of people or
the whole week = al/ the week / al/ week things and means 'all', 'everyone',
But: al/ the sugar (NOT: t/:/e v'.'f:ie.1e 8/:/fjar) 'everything', etc.
• Either (anyone of two) / Neither (not one Every student was given a certificate at the end
and not the other) are used before singular of the course. (all students)
countable nouns. They refer to two people • Each is used with singular countable
or things. Neither of / Either of take a verb nouns. It means 'one by one', considered
either in the singular or plural. individually. Each trainee should attend a
Neither of them is / are rich. Neither man is rich. three-month course. (all trainees considered
Paul and David promised to help me. individually)
I'd like either of them to help me.

167
 Pronouns - Possessives - Quantifiers - Demonstratives

• Some is used before countable or uncountable nouns. Let's buy some biscuits. We 've got some
fruit. Some and its compounds (somebody, something, etc.) are normally used in positive
sentences. They are also used in questions when we want to make an offer, a request or
when we expect a positive answer. There is someone on the phone, he wants to talk to you.
(= positive) Would you like some more wine? (= offer) Could I have some tea, please? (= request) Is
there someone who can help me? (= I expect there will be.) BUT Is there anyone who can help me?
(= I'm asking in generaL)
• Any is used before countable or uncountable nouns. Is there any instant coffee? Any and its
compounds (anyone, anything, etc.) are normally used in questions. Is there anything wrong?
They are also used in positive sentences meaning 'It doesn't matter how/what/which/when/
who/where'. You can buy anything you want. Any and its compounds can be used after if in a
positive sentence. If anyone asks for me, tell them I've left.
• No/Not any are used before countable or uncountable nouns. No/Not any and their
compounds (no one/not anyone, nothing/not anything, etc) are used in negations. There is
nothing we can do. There isn 't anything we can do. Any and its compounds are used with
negative words (hardly, never, without, seldom , rarely, etc.). I hardly go anywhere these days.
(NOT: t f:la.<d.'y go Rowf:lefe these days.)
• Every is used before singular countable nouns. Every and its compounds
(everyone/everything, etc) are used in affirmative, interrogative and negative sentences and
take a singular verb. Every citizen has to pay taxes. (= all citizens) We are doing everything in our
power to help you. (= all things)

17 Look at the picture and make sentences using the

prompts, as in the example. Use some or any.

furniture/in the room

rh~r~. i!?!?QtY.1~ f/jrt:litl,Jr~. i.n t.h~ . rQQm ••.•••
2 ch ildren/in the room
rb~r~. fV~I1't. ~J1'j .4.~UdrCJ1. jn . t-be. n/p.I11, . . . .• I

3 food/on the table 6 flowers/on the table

4 men/in the room 7 chairs/in the room

5 documents/on the table 8 laptops/on the table

18 Fill in the gaps with some, any, no or one of their compounds.

A: Is there .fJt1y:t.hing . else you 'd like to order? 6 A: I'm bored. I've got . . . . . . .. .. to do!
B: Yes, we would like .......... chips, please. S: Then you can do . .. dusting for me.
2 A: Has ........... seen my wallet? 7 A: I th ink I've forgotten to bring a pen .
S: Sorry. I have . . . . . .. ... idea where it is. S: I'm sure .. . .... will lend you one.
3 A: I th ink . •. ... . is knocking at the door. 8 A: Did you visit your new neighbours th is
S: Are you sure? I can 't hear . . . . . . . . . .. . morning?
4 A: I'd rather not go shopping . S: Well , I knocked on their front door but there
S: We can do ......... .. else if you want. was . .. .. at home.

5 A: Have you found your car keys yet? 9 A: Where does Kate live?
S: No, I can 't find them . . . . . . . . . .. . S: I think she lives . . . .. near Edinburgh.

192
Pronouns - Possessives - Quantifiers - Demonstratives

Underline the correct item.

BURGLARY night, but 4) no one /

everyone had witnessed
in Humsford the crime. If you have
5) every / any information
Police officers were called house through their about the burglary in
to a house in Huffington bathroom window. Many Humsford or if you notice
Drive, Humsford last electrical items had been 6) anybody / nobody
night to investigate a stolen and 2) every / acting suspiciously in the
burg lary. James and some money had also area, please call the
Laura Stewart returned been taken. Police asked Humsford pol ice station.
to their home at the couple's neighbours 7) Any / Every help in
midnight to find that if they had seen or heard solving this crime would
1) anyone / someone 3) anything / nothing be greatly appreciated.
had broken into their suspicious during the

20 Fill in the gaps with every or one of its compounds, and the correct form of the
verbs in brackets.

The party is a great success ! . £:,vt<,ry,Qr,I(':. if? •.. 5 The gallery was amazing. There were beautiful
. ~f:1jQyjlJiJ. . •• (enjoy) themselves . works of art ........... you ........... (look) .
2 The witness told the police ............. she 6 Lisa checked that she had ..... ....... she
. . . . . . . . . . ... (remember) about the robbery . . . . . . . . .. . (need) for the camping trip .
3 I won 't make the announcement until .. . .... 7 I won 't start the lecture until . .., ....... (sit
..... .. . " ..... (arrive) . down) .
4 They have taken photographs of .... 8 Stan buys lots of souvenirs .......•... time
attraction they . . . . . ... . . . . .. (visit) so far. he . . . ... ... (go) on holidays.

21 Read the email below and fill in the gaps with some, any, no or every or one of
their compounds.

Dear Ben ,
I'm writing to ask you for 1) . ;5.arnt< .•. advice. As you know, I've got my end of year exams next month
and it's really important that I pass 2) ..•.•.....•. subject. The problem is I'm finding it very difficult to
study. Whereas 3) ...••.•.••• else in my class is doing a lot of revision 4) .••...•••••• night, I
sometimes end up doing 5) ......... at all! I just can 't get started , no matter how much I try. You see,
I'm the kind of person who needs 6) . . ......... quiet to study. But at home my little brothers are always
playing and making noise. I just can 't get 7) ..••••••••.. done when they are running around from room
to room . By the way, I haven't told 8) .•.....•.... else about this; I especially don't want to worry my
parents . I've thought about talking to 9) .•••.••••..• at school about using a classroom to study in the
evenings, but I'm not sure that will work. I know I have to do 10) .•..••.•••.• soon because time is
running out. It's so frustrating. Sometimes, I feel that there is 11) ............ I can do to change th ings.
Please, write back soon.
l Ken

193
Pronouns - Possessives - Quantifiers - Demonstratives

• A lot (of)/Lots of are used with plural countable and uncountable nouns and are normally
used in positive sentences. We omit of - when a lot/lots is not followed by a noun. A lot of
tourists visit this museum. There is a lot of milk in the carton. Have you got many lemons? Yes, I've got
a lot/lots. A lot of can be used in questions or negative sentences in informal English. Was
there a lot of opposition to your proposal? (informal)
• Many is used with countable nouns and much with uncountable nouns. They are normally used
in questions or negatIve sentences. Has she got many records? We haven't got much time. Many or
much are often used in positive sentences after too, so, how or in formal English. He wasted too
much time. He's got so many worries. Much human labour was used in the building of the Pyramids. (formal)
• A few is used with plural countable nouns and a little with uncountable nouns. They both
have a positive meaning. A few means 'not many, but some'. A little means 'not much, but
enough'. He needed a little peace so he went to a quiet island for a few days.
• Few/Little both have negative meanings. Few means 'hardly any/almost none' and can go
with very for emphasis. Little means 'hardly any/almost none' and can go with very for
emphasis. Few and little are rather formal English. Very fewNery little are more usual in
everyday speech. It is also common to use: only a little, only a few. I'm exhausted because I've
had very few days' holiday. She speaks German quite well but only a little French. Bob has a little
knowledge of mechanics so he can check the car. Jane has little knowledge of mechanics, so she
can 't check the car.
• We use a (great) deal/a (good) number/plenty + of + uncountable noun. I have plenty of
work to do. We use most/all/some/any/many/a few/several/both/tw%ne/much/(a) little, etc
+ of when a countable noun follows, preceded by possessives or the words: this, that,
these, those, the or a.
Most of the guests at the party were English. BUT Most people prefer to go on holiday at least once a year.

35 Fill in the gaps with much, many, how much or how many.

A: I'm going to the supermarket to get the ingredients to make the

chocolate cake.
B: OK, but what do we need? 1) HQw, rotJ~h . flour have we got?
A: None at all . 2) ............ bags should I get?
B: Two, please. 3) ............ sugar is there in the bag?
A: It's almost full but we haven't got 4) ............ eggs. There are just
three in the fridge.
B: That's OK. Three is enough . One more thing, though, 5) ........... .
bars of cooking chocolate are there in the cupboard?
A: There are two.
B: We'll need two more, then . I think that's everything . I hope that's not too 6) ............ things for you
to carry.
A: No, it won 't be a problem . But I don't have 7) ............ time before the supermarket closes.
B: You 'd better hurry, then.

36 Choose the correct item.

I really love films, but I have very few / little / very little DVDs.
2 This soup needs a few / a little / little more salt.
3 Dave has invited a few / a lot / much colleagues to the party.
4 I'd like to go shopping with you, but I don't have many / much / few free time at the moment.
5 I'm going to stay for another hour. I have little / a little / a few more work to do.
6 There weren't few / much / many people in the audience at the theatre.

201
CD Pronouns - Possessives - Quantifiers - Demonstratives

37 Fill in the gaps with much, many or a lot of.

A: How .. .rr!I.Jc/1. .. time does it take you to 6 A: Were there ........... people at the party
get to school? last night?
B: Well , it depends on the traffic. B: No, not really.
2 A: Have you got any oranges? 7 A: Is there ....•...... juice left in the carton?
B: Yes there are .......•... oranges in the B: No, we'll have to go and buy some.
fridge. 8 A: Greg is a great footballer.
3 A: I'd really like to buy that car. B: I know. He's won ........... medals over
B: Me too, but it must cost . . . . . . . . . .. money. the years.
4 A: How .......... milk do you take in your tea? 9 A: I don't have .. , ........ money with me.
B: Just a little, please. B: That's OK. I'll lend you some.
5 A: Wow! You have .......... computer games. 10 A: We haven't got ......... potatoes, I'm afraid.
B: Would you like to play one now? B: I'll go and get some from the supermarket.

38 Fill in the gaps with a few or a little.

A: Would you like .. a few . .. biscuits with 6 A: Frank gave me ........... help with my
your tea? essay.
B: Just one or two, please. B: That was very kind of him.
2 A: This soup doesn't taste very nice. 7 A: I bought •........ nice tops at the shopping
B: Yes, I think it needs ........... salt. centre yesterday.
3 A: Is there enough flour to make a cake? B: Oh, really? Can I see them?
B: No, there is only ..... . .. ... left. 8 A: Can you speak French?
4 A: If we don't leave soon, we're going to be late B: Only ........... .
for school. 9 A: Has Kim settled into her new school?
B: OK! I only need ........... more minutes to B: Yes. I think she has already made ........ .
get ready. friends.
5 A: Did you buy lots of souvenirs when you were 10 A: Could I have ........... butter for my toast?
in Paris? B: Of course. Help yourself.
B: Not really, only ........... .

39 Add of where necessary.

Most ... :-... people go on holiday in summer. 9 There are a few ....... children playing
2 I've seen several ....... Richard Gere's films . outside.
3 A few ....... friends came round last night. 10 Some ....... Mike's friends bought him a
4 Both ....... these shirts are dirty. present.
5 Many ....... his friends are from England. 11 Few ....... boys in our class play video games.
6 Have you ever read any .....•. Erica's novels? 12 Most ....... the cars in the auction were sold .
7 We bought a few ....... souvenirs on our trip. 13 I have hardly any ....... money at the moment.
8 A lot ....... tourists visit this monument. 14 A lot ....... people say he's a good singer.

202