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    Geological Report of Caving/Loose Fall/ in Escape Tunnel at Kundan Between Chainage 12225.86 - 12227.86 M, T-49B Project, J&K

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    Bilal Mir
    The document summarizes a geological report of a cavity that occurred in an escape tunnel between chainages 12225.86–12227.86 meters of a hydropower project in Jammu and Kashmir, India. Loose rock fall was observed comprising of highly weathered rock fragments. During face scaling, caving occurred on the left wall, advancing the face up to 1 meter. Groundwater flow increased pore pressure in the highly sheared and weak rock mass, triggering further caving. Steel fiber reinforced shotcrete was applied to seal the face and prevent additional loose fall and caving. The rock mass was found to be highly weathered, sheared carbonaceous phyllite with low strength, causing it to cave

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    Geological Report of Caving/Loose Fall/ in Escape Tunnel at Kundan Between Chainage 12225.86 - 12227.86 M, T-49B Project, J&K

    Uploaded by

    Bilal Mir
    92 views3 pages
    The document summarizes a geological report of a cavity that occurred in an escape tunnel between chainages 12225.86–12227.86 meters of a hydropower project in Jammu and Kashmir, India. Loose rock fall was observed comprising of highly weathered rock fragments. During face scaling, caving occurred on the left wall, advancing the face up to 1 meter. Groundwater flow increased pore pressure in the highly sheared and weak rock mass, triggering further caving. Steel fiber reinforced shotcrete was applied to seal the face and prevent additional loose fall and caving. The rock mass was found to be highly weathered, sheared carbonaceous phyllite with low strength, causing it to cave

    Original Description:

    tunneling problems while excavation in highly fractured rock mass or loose rock mass

    Original Title

    Cavity report

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    The document summarizes a geological report of a cavity that occurred in an escape tunnel between chainages 12225.86–12227.86 meters of a hydropower project in Jammu and Kashmir, India. Loose rock fall was observed comprising of highly weathered rock fragments. During face scaling, caving occurred on the left wall, advancing the face up to 1 meter. Groundwater flow increased pore pressure in the highly sheared and weak rock mass, triggering further caving. Steel fiber reinforced shotcrete was applied to seal the face and prevent additional loose fall and caving. The rock mass was found to be highly weathered, sheared carbonaceous phyllite with low strength, causing it to cave

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    92 views3 pages

    Geological Report of Caving/Loose Fall/ in Escape Tunnel at Kundan Between Chainage 12225.86 - 12227.86 M, T-49B Project, J&K

    Uploaded by

    Bilal Mir
    The document summarizes a geological report of a cavity that occurred in an escape tunnel between chainages 12225.86–12227.86 meters of a hydropower project in Jammu and Kashmir, India. Loose rock fall was observed comprising of highly weathered rock fragments. During face scaling, caving occurred on the left wall, advancing the face up to 1 meter. Groundwater flow increased pore pressure in the highly sheared and weak rock mass, triggering further caving. Steel fiber reinforced shotcrete was applied to seal the face and prevent additional loose fall and caving. The rock mass was found to be highly weathered, sheared carbonaceous phyllite with low strength, causing it to cave

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 3

    Afcons infrastructure Limited 1

    Report on Cavity

    Geological Report of Caving/Loose fall/ in Escape Tunnel @ Kundan between chainage


    12225.86– 12227.86 m, T-49B Project, J&K
    Prepared by: - Bilal Ahmad Mir

    In Escape Tunnel towards Arpinchala at Kundan drive of T-49B Project, the loose rock fall
    between chainage 12225.86– 12227.86 m has occurred comprising of highly weathered rock
    fragments, falling at variable rate unceasingly on dated 24.12.2020 formed a caving at left wall
    during the process of face scaling at face chainage 12226.86 m, which leads to advancement of
    face at localized area up to chainage 12227.86 m. The ground water from left wall at the rate of
    approx. 40 LPM, increases the pore pressure in the highly sheared rock mass has triggered the
    caving at left wall of approx. 1.5 m deep.

    It was jointly decided at face to stop further breaking and immediately seal the face with Steel
    Fiber Reinforced Shotcrete (SFRS) on left side. Application of Multilayer shotcrete (SFRS)
    immediately at the exposed and sheared rock of newly generated face/rock profile to prevent the
    further advancement of face / prevention of loose fall / extension of caving at left wall. The
    continuous loose fall was restricted by spraying many layers of SFRS at a regular interval till
    loose rock mass/ very highly sheared rock mass stopped falling.

    Photography showing cavity/ loose fall occurred at


    left wall.

    Page 1 of 3
    Afcons infrastructure Limited 2
    Report on Cavity

    Photography showing face at which caving occurred on left wall and SFRS shotcrete being sprayed at
    newly generated rock surface

    Geological Condition:

     The rock mass observed at face is moderately weathered to (highly weathered at left
    wall), very thinly foliated to highly sheared carbonaceous Phyllite with sheared quartz
    veins, shear along the foliation joint 80/050 comprising of gouge and crushed material
    having thickness approx. 30-40 cm at left wall.
     The seepage condition in this area is dripping to flowing at left wall and position with the
    advancement of the face during excavation and wet to dripping behind 10 mtr tunnel
    length
     Strength of rock is mostly NIL all over the face with some phyllite bands at left side
    having strength approx. 5-10 Mpa.
     The RQD recorded at the face is nil at left side while 10 % at right side.
     The observed RMR value of the current face is 13, and as per qualitative observation of
    rock mass, the GSI values ranges from 20-30 while calculation by empirical formula, GSI
    value is 31.
     Overburden at this chainage is approx. 160 meters.

    Page 2 of 3
    Afcons infrastructure Limited 3
    Report on Cavity

    Reason of Caving/loose fall:

     Loose fall / caving occurred in left wall due to the presence of highly weathered, sheared
    carbonaceous phyllite having nil RQD and low strength, which could not able to with
    stand under the influence of gravity.
     Shear along the foliation joint 80/050 comprising of gouge and crushed material having
    thickness approx. 30-40 cm.
     The steeply dipping smooth planer foliations running parallel/ sub parallel to tunnel axis
    causes plane failure on west wall (leads to Budging Failure in Foliated rock).
     Seepage develops pore pressure in highly sheared or very thinly foliated rock mass,
    facilitating movement of sheared rock mass inside the tunnel, which ultimately leads to
    advancement of face in the localized area and extension/ formation of caving in the left
    wall of approx. 1.5 m in depth between chainages 12225.86– 12227.86 m.

    Engineering Geologist (Afcons) Engineering Geologist (Lombardi) Engineering Geologist (IRCON )


    Name Bilal Ahmad Mir Name Avinash Mehra Name Bhanu Thappa
    Signature Signature Signature

    Page 3 of 3

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