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    Exponents and Powers Notes

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    Midhun Bhuvanesh.B 7A
    This document discusses exponents and powers. It defines exponents as repeated multiplication of the same number, such as 625 = 5^4. Negative exponents represent reciprocals, like 5^-3 = 1/125. Laws of exponents are presented, such as a^n × a^m = a^(n+m) and (a^n)^m = a^(n×m). Exponents can expand rational numbers into standard form by placing the digits in powers of 10. Numbers in standard form can be compared by their power of 10 or leading factor.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Exponents and Powers Notes

    Uploaded by

    Midhun Bhuvanesh.B 7A
    406 views2 pages
    This document discusses exponents and powers. It defines exponents as repeated multiplication of the same number, such as 625 = 5^4. Negative exponents represent reciprocals, like 5^-3 = 1/125. Laws of exponents are presented, such as a^n × a^m = a^(n+m) and (a^n)^m = a^(n×m). Exponents can expand rational numbers into standard form by placing the digits in powers of 10. Numbers in standard form can be compared by their power of 10 or leading factor.

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    This document discusses exponents and powers. It defines exponents as repeated multiplication of the same number, such as 625 = 5^4. Negative exponents represent reciprocals, like 5^-3 = 1/125. Laws of exponents are presented, such as a^n × a^m = a^(n+m) and (a^n)^m = a^(n×m). Exponents can expand rational numbers into standard form by placing the digits in powers of 10. Numbers in standard form can be compared by their power of 10 or leading factor.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    406 views2 pages

    Exponents and Powers Notes

    Uploaded by

    Midhun Bhuvanesh.B 7A
    This document discusses exponents and powers. It defines exponents as repeated multiplication of the same number, such as 625 = 5^4. Negative exponents represent reciprocals, like 5^-3 = 1/125. Laws of exponents are presented, such as a^n × a^m = a^(n+m) and (a^n)^m = a^(n×m). Exponents can expand rational numbers into standard form by placing the digits in powers of 10. Numbers in standard form can be compared by their power of 10 or leading factor.

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    8/9/2020 Exponents and Powers

    Introduction
    Powers and Exponents

    Repeated multiplication of the same number can be expressed in the form of


    exponents.
    Example:  625 = 5 × 5 × 5 × 5 or 5 . 4

    Here ‘5’ is the base raised to the power of 4, where 4 is the exponent and 5   is the 4

    exponential form of 625.

    Powers with negative exponents

    Numbers can have positive powers which are called positive index. Example
    a
    n
    …. n times.
    = a × a × a

    Numbers can also have negative powers such as a −m


    =
    1

    a
    m
    =
    1

    a×a×a..............m times

    Example : 5 −3 1 1
    = = = 0.008
    5×5×5 125

    Visualising Exponents
    Visualising powers and exponents

    Example 1: 54 can be expressed as product of powers of prime numbers. 


                       54 = 2 × 3 × 3 × 3 = 3 × 2 3 1

    Example 2 :We know that 6 < 4 . This can be visualised as shown below:
    4 6

                      6 = 6 × 6 × 6 × 6 = 1296
    4

                      4 = 4 × 4 × 4 × 4 × 4 × 4 = 4096
    6

             ∴6 <4 4 6

    Laws of Exponents
    Powers with like bases

    a
    n
    × a
    m
    = a
    n+m
    .
    Example: 3 2
    × 3
    4
    = 3
    6
    = 729
    n

    .
    a n−m
    = a
    m
    a

    Example: 2 5 3 32 2
    ÷ 2 = = 4 = 2
    8

    1
    m −m m
    a × a = a × m
    = 1
    a

    Power of a Power
    n m nm
    (a ) = a

    Exponent Zero
    https://learn.byjus.com/revision-summaries/22465 1/2
    8/9/2020 Exponents and Powers

      
    m 1
    a × m
    = 1
    a
    m
    a
    m−m 0
    ⇒ m
    = a = a = 1
    a

    Powers with unlike bases and same exponent

    a
    n
    × b
    n
    = (ab)
    n
     
    Example: 2 2
    × 3
    2
    = 4 × 9 = 36 which is = (2 × 3) 2
    = 6
    2

    n n
    a a

    n
    = ( )
    b b

    3 3

    Example: (  
    3 3
    = )
    3 4
    4
    3
    3 27
    L. H . S.   = = 0.42
    3 64
    4
    3
    3 3
    R. H . S.  ( ) = 0.75 = 0.42
    4

    ∴  L. H . S. = R. H . S.  

    Uses of Exponents
    Expanding a rational number using powers

    Rational Numbers can be expanded using exponents and powers.


    Example 1: 1284 can be written as 1 × 10 + 2 × 10 + 8 × 10 + 4 × 10 . 3 2 1 0

    Example 2: 0.597 can be written as 5 × 10 −1


    + 9 × 10
    −2
    + 7 × 10
    −3
    .

    Inter conversion between standard and normal forms

    Any number can be expressed as a decimal number between 1.0 and 10.0 including 1.0
    multiplied by a power of 10. Such a form of a number is called its standard form.
    Example: 
    1
    43 = 4.3 × 10 = 4.3 × 10

    2
    430 = 4.3 × 100 = 4.3 × 10

    3
    4300 = 4.3 × 1000 = 4.3 × 10

    4
    43000 = 4.3 × 10000 = 4.3 × 10

    Comparision of quantities using exponents

    If two numbers in standard form have the same power of 10, then the number with the
    larger factor is greater.
    E.g : 2.05 × 10 > 1.05 × 10 3 3

    If two numbers in standard form have the same factor, then the number with the
    larger power of 10 will be greater.
    E.g 2.05 × 10 > 2.05 × 10 6 3

    https://learn.byjus.com/revision-summaries/22465 2/2

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