Experiment No.
1
Object:- To study of Universal op-amp based biquad
Theory:
OTA may be described as being a voltage to current converter or
voltage controlled current source(VCIS). A conventional Op-APM can
be used as a transmission conductance amplifier for this purpose
monolithic IC is specially designed. Such devices are called OTAs.
Circuit Diagram:
Procedure:
1. Connect the circuit as shown in fig and set power supply to +15 volts
2. Set the signal generator sine wave to 1KHz.
3. Connect oscilloscope to the output of op-amp
4. Measure and record the peak to peak output signal voltage V0 and
input signal Vin to amplifier and record the phase of input with the
phase of output.
Result:
The OTA was studied in inverting configuration and different
parameters were observed on the oscilloscope.
Precautions:
Experiment No. 2
Object:- To study Universal OTA biquad.
Apparatus:
1. OTA kit
2. LM 3080
3. Resistor(47k,100k)
4. Capacitors(10uf)
5. Function Generator
6. Oscilloscope
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
The proposed circuit of voltage mode universal biquadratic filter.
Observation:
Result:
Precautions:
Experiment No. 3
Object: To study an Amplitude control or stabilization applied to any
sinusoidal oscillators.
Apparatus:
1. OTA kit
2. LM 3080
3. Resistor(47k,100k)
4. Capacitors(10uf)
5. Function Generator
6. Oscilloscope
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
Wein-Bridge Circuit Schematic
Formula:
Observation:
Sketch the frequency domain representation for o/p signal and determine
the modulation index.
CALCULATION:
Result:
Precautions:
Experiment No. 4
Object: Using op Amp Circuits to Design and Build a Function Generator.
Apparatus:
1. Frequency oscillator(1.8KHz)
2. Ramp Amplitude(+/-3 volts)
3. Op Amp(741)
4. Vsat(+/- 7 volts)
Circuit Diagram:
Fig. Function Generator
Formula:
Practical design techniques for Oscillator circuit.
1. Ramp Amplitude +/-Vth=Vsat*R2/R3
2. f=1/T; T=2R1*C1*ln[(Vsat+Vth)/Vsat-Vth)]
3. R1*C1=(T/2)*ln[(Vsat+Vth)/(Vsat-Vth)]
Practical design techniques for Integrator circuit
4. R4=Vo(+max)/800uA
5. C2=i/(2Vsat*f)
6. R5=10/(2*pi*f*C2)
7. R6=1/[(1/R4)+(1/R5)]
Practical design techniques for Differentiator circuit
8. R8=25Vo(+max)/Isc
9. C3 V0(+max)/(R8*diff(v))
10. R7=(R8/(pi*C3*fUG))^(½)
11. C5=10*C3
12. C4=(C3/(pi*R8*fUG))^(½)
Observation:-
R2 and R3 establish the amplitude of the ramp voltage for the
oscillator
R1 and C1 determine the frequency of oscillation
R4 establishes the basic range of operation for the integrator circuit
C2 is used in integration of the triangle wave
R5 acts as an active filter
R6 is the parallel combination of R4 and R5
R7 and C4 act as an active filter
R8 establishes the basic range of operation for the differentiator
circuit
R9 maintains equal DC resistances in both of the op amp input
terminals
C4 reduces the gain at high-noise frequencies and yet minimize the
effect on normal circuit frequencies
C5 ensures that R9 will be effectively bypassed for all usable circuit
frequencies
C3 is used in differentiation of the triangle wave
CALCULATION:
RESULT:
PRECAUTIONS:
Experiment No. 5
Object: To study any application of log/antilog circuits.
Apparatus:
1. OTA kit
2. LM 3080
3. Resistor(47k,100k)
4. Capacitors(10uf)
5. Function Generator
6. Oscilloscope
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
Fast Log Generator
Anti-Log Generator
Formula:
Observation:
Result:
Precautions:
Experiment No. 6
Object: Any applications of analog multiplier/ divider
Apparatus:
1. OTA kit
2. LM 3080
3. Resistors(47k,100k) 0hm
4. Capacitors(10uF)
5. Function Generator
6. Oscilloscope
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
Fig. Multiplier/divider
Formula:
Observation:
Result:
Precautions:
Experiment No. 7
Object: Any digital system design and its hardware implementation using
TTL/CMOS
Apparatus:
1. OTA kit
2. LM 3080
3. Resistors(47k,100k) 0hm
4. Capacitors(10uF)
5. Function Generator
6. Oscilloscope
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
Formula:
Observation:
Result:
Precautions:
Experiment No. 8
Object:- Any circuit idea (not studied in the course) using 555 Timer
in conjunction with any other ICs.
Apparatus:
1. OTA kit
2. LM 3080
3. Resistors(47k,100k) 0hm
4. Capacitors(10uF)
5. Function Generator
6. Oscilloscope
Circuit Diagram:
Observation:
Result:
Precautions:
