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NEW TRENDS IN SECURING E-COMMERCE


REASONS FOR SELECTION OF THE TOPIC
 Ecommerce is one of the most promising & fastest growing sectors in
business using internet
 To show how e-commerce actually works.
 To show the various trends and developments in securing e commerce
over the years.
With the ever-increasing use of the internet and its popularity among all
demographic segments, electronic commerce is by all means the way to go for
virtually all businesses. Creating an online presence means that a business
owner or company can reach to potential customers and expand business
operations, gaining a significant authority in the marketplace. It is almost
impossible for a company to compete in today’s very competitive business
world if it lacks a strong online presence, which is the essence of e-commerce.
A wide range of small and large companies have leveraged ecommerce to
bolster sales by listing their services and products online, where consumers can
check them and make enquires, as well as place orders at the click of a
computer button.

Empowering Customers

E-commerce has gone a long way in empowering consumers through the


internet. Through their websites and online advertisements, businesses can
communicate with their clients, provide information on new products and
complete sales. Consumer forums and features which allow consumers to give
feedback and comments regarding products and services have conferred on the
customer more say, so that with ecommerce, customers are able to contribute to
the making of the right product for them and having a say on how services are
delivered. This is not only good for the customer, but also for the producers as
they are able to make goods and design services that suit their customers,
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avoiding wastages and enhancing customer satisfaction. Ecommerce also saves


time for both businesses and consumers and enhances the customer’s
convenience.

Increased Efficiency

Ecommerce has helped businesses improve their efficiency through


streamlining the production and service delivery process. Execution of online
business transactions that are fast and cost effective has gone a long way in
bolstering business efficiency. What is more, businesses leverage the
information obtained through e-commerce channels such as online customer
forums to improve the quality of their products, enhance customer satisfaction
and make better corporate decisions. E-commerce has also simplified sales and
marketing as salespeople can complete sales online, saving time, increasing
revenue and enhancing efficiency.

Exploring New Businesses

E-commerce enables new and existing businesses to venture into the market and
reach potential customer without the need for physical presence. This way,
business organizations can create products, avail them on their websites and
other electronic portals and make sales through online transactions, a move that
is only possible through electronic commerce. All in all, the importance of
electronic commerce in the marketplace cannot be overstated, as it has
revolutionized the way of doing business. The beginnings of e-commerce can be
traced to the 1960s, when
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businesses started using EDI to share business documents with other companies.
In 1979, the American National Standards Institute developed ASC X12 as a
universal standard for businesses to share documents through electronic
networks.

After the number of individual users sharing electronic documents with each
other grew in the 1980s, the rise of eBay and Amazon in the 1990s
revolutionized the e-commerce industry. Consumers can now purchase endless
amounts of items online, from e-tailers, typical brick-and-mortar stores with e-
commerce capabilities. Now, almost all retailer companies are integrating
online business practices into their business models.
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INTRODUCTION TO THE TOPIC

E-commerce (electronic commerce) is the buying and selling of goods and


services, or the transmitting of funds or data, over an electronic network,
primarily the internet. These business transactions occur either as business-to-
business (B2B), business-to-consumer (B2C), consumer-to-consumer or
consumer-to-business. The terms e-commerce and e-business are often used
interchangeably. The term e-tail is also sometimes used in reference to the
transactional processes that make up online retail shopping in the last decade,
widespread use of e-commerce platforms such as Amazon and eBay has
contributed to substantial growth in online retail. In 2007, e-commerce
accounted for 5.1% of total retail sales; in 2019, e-commerce made up 16.0%.

E-commerce is powered by the internet, where customers can access an online


store to browse through, and place orders for products or services via their own
devices.

As the order is placed, the customer's web browser will communicate back and
forth with the server hosting the online store website. Data pertaining to the
order will then be relayed to a central computer known as the order manager --
then forwarded to databases that manage inventory levels, a merchant system
that manages payment information (using applications such as PayPal), and a
bank computer -- before circling back to the order manager. This is to make
sure that store inventory and customer funds are sufficient for the order to be
processed. After the order is validated, the order manager will notify the store's
web server, which will then display a message notifying the customer that their
order has been successfully processed. The order manager will then send order
data to the warehouse or fulfillment department, in order for the product or
service to be successfully dispatched to the customer. At this point tangible
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and/or digital products may be shipped to a customer, or access to a service may


be granted.

Platforms that host e-commerce transactions may include online marketplaces


that sellers simply sign up for, such as Amazon.com; software as a service
(SaaS) tools that allow customers to 'rent' online store infrastructures; or open
source tools for companies to use in-house development to manage.

The Essential E-Commerce Features Your Website Needs Include:

 Content management capabilities.


 Promotion and discount code tools.
 An easy-to-use checkout.
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14 ECOMMERCE TRENDS LEADING THE WAY


1. AR enhances the reality of online shopping.
2. There will be a growing volume of voice search.
3. AI helps shops learn about shoppers.
4. On-site personalization uses those insights to create individualized
experiences.
5. Big data plays a big part in creating personalized experiences.
6. Chat bots improve the shopping experience.
7. Mobile shopping is still on the move.
8. More ways to pay.
9. Headless and API-driven ecommerce allow continued innovation.
10.Customers respond to video.
11.Subscriptions keep customers coming back.
12.Sustainability is becoming more important.
13.Businesses should optimize digital strategy for conversion.
14.B2B is growing and changing.

1. Augmented reality enhances the reality of online shopping.

Augmented reality (AR) has been a complete game changer for ecommerce.
With this type of technology, shoppers can truly see the item they're shopping
for, which helps them make a buying decision. AR really changes the shopping
experience in specific industries, such as fashion and home decor because the
customer can get a better feel for the item without seeing it in-person.

2. There will be a growing volume of voice search.

Not only do more people own smart speakers, but they also rely on voice
assistants to complete daily tasks. As more homes adopt smart speakers, more
consumers will utilize voice search to shop online, order food and organize their
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lives. The rise of voice search creates an opportunity for ecommerce businesses
in terms of keywords and content.

3. AI helps shops learn about shoppers.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) and machine learning make it possible for the
customer to have automated, personalized shopping experiences. AI is
continuously collecting data on how a customer shops, when they buy purchases
and what they're looking for in a product or a service. It's a piece of technology
that really can't be replicated in-store.

4. On-site personalization uses those insights to create individualized


experiences.

Buyers of all sorts — including B2C and B2B — are looking for personalized,
custom shopping experiences online. The data collected from AI is what makes
it possible for a buyer to get personalized product recommendations and
detailed customer service.

Implementing personalized experiences on-site or in marketing efforts has been


shown to have a strong effect on revenue, with one study finding it had a 25%
revenue lift for retailers scaling advanced personalization capabilities.

For further context, this accounted for 19% of participating companies while
retailers that were "building basic personalization capabilities" achieved "a
revenue lift of 10% or more; the retailers in this tier account for 40% of the
participating companies.

5. Big data plays a role in creating personalized experiences.

Today, many consumers are more aware that ecommerce sites are collecting
personal data, which puts them at risk. Because of this, experts have mixed
feelings about the benefits of big data and how it affects the personalized
shopping experience.
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6. Chat bots improve shopping experiences.

Chat bots interact with online shoppers much like an in-store sales associate
would do. Today's shopper wants to be able to find and buy a product in just a
few clicks, and if they can't, they get frustrated. This is where a chat bot can
step in and save the sale.

Experts predict that 80% of businesses will be using chat bots in 2020.

7. Mobile shopping is still on the move.

Mobile shopping allows customers to make purchases from anywhere, which is


vital in today's world. However, if your ecommerce site isn't responsive on
mobile or through web apps, you'll be missing out on big opportunities.
Shoppers who are mobile users want the added convenience, plus the ability to
pay digitally.

8. More ways to pay.

Customers have individual needs when it comes to payment methods, but they
might cancel a potential sale if they can't pay how they want on an ecommerce
website. Offering a wide variety of ways to pay is a good way to increase
conversion rates on mobile devices. Plus, if customers can save their payment
information on your site, they'll be able to checkout even faster the next time
they make a purchase.

9. Headless and API-driven ecommerce allow continued innovation.

Headless commerce is a solution that allows an online store’s ecommerce


platform to be completely decoupled from the frontend presentation layer.

10. Customers respond to video.


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Video proved to be a great way to engage customers in 2019, and it's not going
away anytime soon. Creating videos for your website is a great way to instantly
grab and engage a customer and inform them about your product or service.

When customer see the podcasting and short video content to augment the
opportunity for buyers to learn about how an ecommerce brand’s products and
services provide the solution to the opportunity, challenge or problem a buyer is
looking to answer. With these two forms of content development comes the
technology to micro track a viewer’s engagement.

11. Subscriptions keep customers coming back.

There are subscriptions of all sorts these days and their convenience is attractive
for consumers. For companies, subscription services create a way to plan for
inventory and sales that are already locked in.

12. Sustainability is becoming more important.

Consumers and businesses alike are becoming more aware of the environment.
Because of this, consumers are being more conscious about where they shop
and the impact it has on the environment and related effects. One survey found
that 50% of respondents wanted more sustainability in the fashion industry, and
75% wanted to see less packaging. Many businesses are finding ways to be
more eco-friendly by going paperless when possible, using biodegradable
packaging, and using recyclable supplies.

13. Businesses should optimize digital strategy for conversion.

Getting potential customers to your site is one task but getting them to convert
is another. In 2020, businesses are looking to improve their conversion rates by
optimizing their product pages. Multi-channel selling is also another way to get
conversions, whether through Facebook advertising or shopping ads on Google.
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14. B2B is growing...and changing.

If you were ever worried that B2B would go out of style, fear not. Global retail
ecommerce sales for B2B are expected to reach $1.1 trillion in 2021, according
to data from Statista. Forrester predicts that by 2020 almost half of all adults
will be Millennials, which also means an increase in Millennial B2B buyers.
Both of these audiences want to be able to easily research their needs and
related products without conversing with salespeople.
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SOCIAL E-COMMERCE OPPORTUNITIES


There are many reasons for brands to consider social commerce but here are
three:

1. Reach consumers in the places that matter

Social media channels now account for much more than socializing with friends
and family. Many channels, including Instagram, act as discovery engines for
brands. Users engage in various actions, from seeking out inspiration from
people and brands, direct messaging friends for opinions, all while shopping
and making purchases.

2. Create frictionless shopping experiences

Every extra step in the purchase process is an opportunity for a potential


customer to change their mind. Creating a seamless experience for shoppers by
reducing friction points and offering direct and one-click purchasing options
will boost consumers’ confidence and lead to more sales.

3. Take advantage of the e-commerce boom

As mentioned earlier, we’re seeing a big uptick in e-commerce across markets


and territories. A larger proportion of consumers are becoming accustomed to
buying online, giving marketers an opportunity to test and learn across different
channels.
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It’s been interesting to see how some of these trends have converged to drive
innovation in social media beyond communicating with friends and family. The
impact and growth of social media has meant that brands now play an even
bigger part in what we see across all channels. Whilst it’s been proven that users
are very unlikely to engage or pay attention to brand content, what has caught
consumers’ imaginations is the ability to browse and buy products within
different digital environments..
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HOW DIGITAL MARKETING IS HELPING E-COMMERCE


TO GROW

TYPES OF DIGITAL MARKETING TOOLKIT

1. Search Engine Optimization (SEO)

For your e-commerce website, Search Engine Optimization (SEO) is like a


blessing in disguise. It is the practice of increasing the quantity and quality of
traffic to your website through organic search engine results.

Let us take an example of the case study of ZAGG, which is a mobile


accessories retailer. They produce lots of content and aggressively post up to 35
times per week, which helps customers find them online easily.
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2.

Search Engine Marketing (SEM)

Search engine marketing (SEM) uses paid ad campaigns based on keywords to


reach out to users actively searching for your website.

The most well-known and effective platform of SEM is Google AdWords, it is


the paid search channel where E-commerce businesses should definitely focus
on. Here is a case study of Trivago, how they used Google AdWords to be listed
at the top of relevant search results.
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In 2015, Trivago used Google’s Dynamic Search Ads to improve automate


complex search doubts, which included the question like “What are the nicest
hotels in San Francisco?” According to Google, their Dynamic Search Ads
feature also “automatically generated longer, more relevant ad headlines for the
company’s ads based on a person’s specific search.”

This resulted in a 140% higher click-through rate, with better conversions in


new markets, and greater ad ROI in the markets.

3. Email Marketing

Email marketing is not dead yet, it is still the most effective channel of Digital
Marketing for retailers delivering actual ROI.

Emails play an important role in providing a better customer shopping


experience. Once you order or pay for your product on the E-commerce
website, immediately you get the confirmation email and also a digital invoice.
Users might email questions about products, your experience, or remind
customers of their abandoned shopping cart. or general information requests
about the company. Personalised emails help your customers connect with your
company well.
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Let’s take the case-in-point of Amazon. They started with personalizing their
email campaigns as per customers’ preferences. They started with segmenting
customers for email marketing campaign, which made it simple for them to get
personal and tap into customer’s interest which helped in enhancing the
profitability index.

Amazon’s process worked by having a strategic email campaign which began


with sending out the welcome email with an engaging subject line, link, the
brand story, any special offer and also sent out social media invitations. They
even sent out the invite people to browse the store.

Amazon started sending out the product suggestions based on the previous
purchases and browsing history. After the purchase of the product, they started
sending out thank you emails.

It was the database of the customers which helped Amazon to enhance the
personalization of the message and making it so effective. They designed a
specific blueprint for each customer to ensure they were getting the best ROI.

4. Social Media Marketing (SMM)

Social media has taken over the world, there is hardly anyone who is not active
on social media. Posting regularly on Instagram or Facebook have become a
day to day habit. It has become easier for brands to reach out customers through
social media. As social networks are getting stronger it has become for Digital
market professionals to include paid social media as part of their strategy to
reach out more customers.
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Below is the case study of Zappos which is an online shoe store.

Zappos is successful at social media not because of some special campaigns but
what they did was, they projected their unique service and culture to the world.

The first element of their approach is their service which are;

They have a Twitter account dedicated to Service Issues

To uncover service opportunities

Initiate response

Augment praise

Strengthen Service reputation

Coming to their second element of the approach, which is their culture,

There are 400 employees in the company and they all got Twitter accounts.

Who they hire is cooperative with this culture of service


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Most of their social media initiatives are about exposing the people at Zappos,
who through their actions strengthen the company’s competitive advantage.
Which makes the company real.

The CEO of the company also communicates about his passion over Social
Media. The main strategy of Zappos is to make people more eager to know
about their service and culture over social media.

5.Google analytics

The Ecommerce reports allow you to analyze purchase activity on your site or
app. You can see product and transaction information, average order value,
ecommerce conversion rate, time to purchase, and other data. To see
Ecommerce data in Analytics, you need to. enable Ecommerce in your reports
and.

6.Mobile website

Essentially, an ecommerce website is one that allows a business to function


almost entirely online, supplanting the need for a home office equipped with a
sales and managerial staff. The process is automatic, and this is what makes it
stand apart from other sites that still have business development as the main
goal.

7. Paid media
Paid media is marketing that you pay for. Paid media includes TV ads, print
advertising, sponsorships, and other types of media. In digital marketing, paid
media includes pay-per-click (PPC) ads, paid social media ads, and search
engine marketing (SEM). Examples of paid media include sponsorships, paid
search results and paid advertisements appearing on webpages or social media.
Paid media content is created and controlled by the brand, but it appears on
channels the brand doesn't own or control. Earned media is when customers, the
press and the public share your content, speak about your brand via word of
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mouth, and otherwise discuss your brand. ... Paid media is when you pay to
leverage a third-party channel, such as sponsorships and advertising on third-
party sites
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E-COMMERCE STRATEGY & PLANNING

1. Clearly defined vision & goals

Ecommerce strategy: Clearly defined vision and goals

You know exactly want you want to achieve, and when and where you want to
achieve it. A laser-like focus helps form an unshakable conviction and
dedication to building a successful online business. i.e. “I want to target the UK
in year one, I have X amount of stock, I want to push X brands at different
times of the year”, “I am going to look into and implement X, Y and Z
opportunities to contribute towards traffic and sales, and want to achieve X
sales during this time”. Carry out regular competitor and SWOT analyses
(Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) and act on the outcomes.
For more information, see Ecommerce Competitor Research.

2. Speculate to accumulate

Ecommerce strategy: Speculate to accumulate

Successful ecommerce businesses invest money in activities that generate


growth or make them more efficient, ideally both at the same time. Winners pay
for the best SOFTWARE, the best TECHNOLOGY, the best MARKETING,
the best PEOPLE and the best ADVICE when it comes to strategy, tactics and
growing the business. Accepting that customer acquisition is an investment, and
focusing on this during the initial years, is crucial. In regards to profitability,
customer retention and returning customers should be your number one focus.

3. Know your numbers

Ecommerce strategy: Know your numbers

Constantly measure. Be aware of and understand your site and customer


analytics. Know which metrics are important and continue to focus on
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understanding and improving on all the numbers. Number of visitors,


conversion rate, average order value, bounce rates, returning customers, overall
cost per acquisition. Every day, week, month and year provides you with
feedback that can be measured against targets and streamline your business. For
more information, see Ecommerce Analytics Overview.

4. Know your costs

Ecommerce strategy: Know your costs

Costs will fall into four main areas: Technology (ecommerce platform, website,
stock control, warehouse systems, tills and epos), Products (buying or
manufacturing products, shipping, and packaging), Marketing (online
advertising, offline advertising, and agency fees) and Business (employees,
office / warehouse rental, operating costs and payment processing). Some costs
are fixed, others will be variable. Cost Per Acquisition (CPA) is one measure
you can use to analyse individual marketing activities on their own or your
advertising vs sales overall. It is cost divided by sales (a £10 spend for £100
sales would represent a 10% CPA). For more information, see The Ecommerce
Profit and Loss Management Accounts.

5. Build & invest in your team

Ecommerce strategy: Build and invest in your team

Successful online businesses are not a solo operation – it’s a team game. There
are mission-critical functions that will require attention and people. This
requirement will grow exponentially with sales growth with a few primary and
secondary hires critical in the beginning. Incentives are the lifeblood of
ecommerce teams as is the case with any sales-focused organization. For more
information, see Building an Ecommerce Team.

6. The customer is King


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Ecommerce strategy: The customer is King

Changes and improvements should benefit visitors and consumers and in doing
so convert more browsers into customers and existing customers into bigger and
more frequent spenders. Elegant design might be satisfying to the eye and is
important, but frequent and multiple site enhancements that enhance the bottom
line are the ones that matter. For more information, see Traffic, Conversion &
Retention.

7. Embrace change & continuous improvement

Ecommerce strategy: Embrace change and continuous improvement

Keep in touch with developments online, within the world of ecommerce, what
is going on in relation to technology, online marketing, the latest news, shifts in
online culture and understanding how to read basic web analytics. React to as
many opportunities and enhancements that are made as you can. These may be
new features on site, new areas for exposure, a change in how you work or
continued improvements in product information and pricing. You must become
an ecommerce expert within your industry, knowing as much as possible about
your competitors. Being clueless to these things may leave you running behind.
An excellent first step would be to subscribe to the mailing lists of your
competitors and a range of online ecommerce expert and advice sites.

8. Be fair & honest with customers & suppliers

Ecommerce strategy: Be fair and honest with customers and suppliers

Building an admired and respected business is important. The real money is


made over the long term through repeat sales and referrals. With great customer
service and being fair in all business dealings, long-term relationships can
flourish with both customers and suppliers. Customers may take a long time to
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get but can be lost in an instant through poor customer service. For more
information, see Customer Service and Guidelines for Great Customer Service.

9. Seek advice from the experts

Ecommerce strategy: Seek advice from the experts

No one can be an expert at everything and having consultants, advisors, training


providers and service partners you can trust and follow (and measure results
from) is essential. Ecommerce does not get simpler over time. Winners pay for
the best advice when it comes to strategy, tactics and growing the business. IRP
World is where you find help with all of these elements. IRP World is where
you link up with IRP partners and create your own digital village. For more
information, see IRP Partners.

10. There is no such thing as easy money

Ecommerce strategy: There is no such thing as easy money

There is an army of companies and potential start-ups online wanting to make a


million for little or no work and hoping that it is possible to make money for
doing next to nothing. Successful retail website owners know that this is a myth
and the internet is like any other business. It requires focus, hard work, constant
improvement and if you’re targeting and measuring right, you will enjoy the
rewards.
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SWOT (STRENGTHS, WEAKNESSES, OPPORTUNITIES,


THREATS)
While strengths and weaknesses are internal, they are measured on a
comparative benchmark. Opportunities and threats are external — your
opportunity is usually at the expense of another company in your industry.
Likewise, threats come from the competition. Therefore, monitoring your
competition on an ongoing basis is a necessity. We addressed this previously, in
““How to Research your Ecommerce Competitors.

The Basics

The objectives of a SWOT analysis are to build on your strengths and minimize
your weaknesses. You will want to quickly take advantage of opportunities that
present themselves and try to mitigate outside threats. In an industry that
changes as fast as ecommerce, such an analysis should occur at least once a
year.

A SWOT analysis takes a good deal of time. While you can do it yourself, it is
often better to bring in an outside consultant who will have a more objective
perspective. Your customers can be a good source of information about what
you do well and where there is room for improvement and you should seek their
input.

Ecommerce merchants should compare their businesses against both other


online sellers and brick-and-mortar retailers. This complicates things because
something that may be a strength when compared to a brick-and-mortar
merchant — dynamic pricing, for example — may not be a factor for
ecommerce competitors if they too offer dynamic pricing.

Markets change quickly and competitors may neutralize what was once an
opportunity. For instance, ten years ago one of the advantages of ecommerce
was the fact that websites offered 24/7 global shopping while brick-and-mortar
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stores did not. Now almost all traditional retailers have websites that compete
with web-only sellers 24 hours a day.

Strengths

What do you do better than others in your industry? For ecommerce merchants
examples might be a larger selection of products and faster or cheaper shipping
than other ecommerce merchants. Do you make comparison-shopping easy and
quick? Do you suggest other product options to your customers? These are
competitive advantages.

Ecommerce vendors benefit from a structural advantage — you have lower


operational costs than a brick-and-mortar store.

What makes your business unique? Do you offer niche products not available
elsewhere? Are they handmade or one-of-a-kind?

Typical Ecommerce Weaknesses

Because of shipping times, there is no immediate gratification with ecommerce.


Heavy, bulky and perishable goods are expensive to ship. Costs are always a
headache.

Security and fraud concerns mean some people are still reluctant to use their
credit cards online. Allowing customers to pay using PayPal can blunt this
concern.

Showrooming has somewhat blunted the problem of shopper’s inability of


customer to touch the merchandise with shoppers looking at merchandise in
stores and then using their mobile phones to place an order with an online seller,
often while still in the store.

Opportunities
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The questions you should be asking are “What new technologies can help me
grow my business and attain an advantage over my competitors?” and “Where
are my competitors vulnerable?”

Ecommerce changes every day. New technologies and features have helped
level the playing field with traditional retailers. For instance, improvements to
shopping cart software have created a quicker, smoother, more customer-
friendly shopping experience. Live chat has enhanced ecommerce customer
service, blunting the traditional retailer advantage. Using Big Data analytics
could be an opportunity for ecommerce companies to better understand
customer preferences. Social media sites provide free or low-cost promotions.
But it’s up to the online merchant to stay current and adopt new features.

Threats

You should always be looking for broad industry shifts that might affect your
growth. These include legal and regulatory changes. For instance, legislation
currently before Congress might force all Internet sellers to collect sales tax.

Low barriers to entry are a constant threat in ecommerce. It’s easy to set up an
ecommerce business, even in a garage. People can sell items via Facebook or
eBay without setting up their own websites.

Big ecommerce merchants such as Amazon can always undercut smaller sellers
on price. All ecommerce merchants are competing with Amazon and its
successful Prime shipping program. However, options now exist that can put
online merchants on a more competitive footing with Amazon. We addressed
that, in “Shop Runner May Help Merchants Compete with Amazon Prime.”
Using such a service could diminish a weakness.

Using SWOT analysis on a regular basis, perhaps once or twice a year, will give
you a broad overview of ecommerce industry trends, show you where you stand
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in relation to your competitors, and provide insights into mitigating your


weaknesses and building on your strengths.
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CONCLUTION

E-commerce still represents one of the business methods that take advantage
if done the right way, even if the stock market and commodities fell, but E-
Commerce still able to survive and receive high transaction. E-commerce has a
tremendous opportunity in the course of or business in Malaysia. In addition, it
is also to introducing new techniques and styles in a transaction. Use the
extensive E-Commerce in the Internet world is actually much better to bring the
goodness of the individual or the state.

E-Commerce has undeniably become an important part of our society. The


successful companies of the future will be those that take E-Commerce
seriously, dedicating sufficient resources to its development. E-Commerce is
not an IT issue but a whole business undertaking. Companies that use it as a
reason for completely re-designing their business processes are likely to reap
the greatest benefits. Moreover, E-Commerce is a helpful technology that gives
the consumer access to business and companies all over the world.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY

 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E-commerce

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