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Name: K.Sai Manas Reddy REG NUM: 19BIT0027: Data Communication and Computer Networks Digital Assesment 1

This document discusses various networking commands used to obtain system and network configuration information. It explores commands like ipconfig, ping, traceroute, netstat, arp, and nslookup to find the hostname, IP address, MAC address, routing paths, listening ports, connections, and domain name to IP address mappings of systems on the local network and internet. The document records the output of these commands run on a system with the hostname "K.SAI MANAS REDDY" and registration number "19BIT0027" to analyze its network settings and connectivity.

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Manas Reddy
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79 views

Name: K.Sai Manas Reddy REG NUM: 19BIT0027: Data Communication and Computer Networks Digital Assesment 1

This document discusses various networking commands used to obtain system and network configuration information. It explores commands like ipconfig, ping, traceroute, netstat, arp, and nslookup to find the hostname, IP address, MAC address, routing paths, listening ports, connections, and domain name to IP address mappings of systems on the local network and internet. The document records the output of these commands run on a system with the hostname "K.SAI MANAS REDDY" and registration number "19BIT0027" to analyze its network settings and connectivity.

Uploaded by

Manas Reddy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DATA COMMUNICATION AND COMPUTER NETWORKS

DIGITAL ASSESMENT 1

NAME : K.SAI MANAS REDDY

REG NUM : 19BIT0027

1)HostName

a) Find the name of your system?

b) What is the significance of the name?


Hostname is the name which helps us in the identification of a network uniquely without helping of a IP
address. In computer networking, a hostname is a label that is assigned to a device connected to a
computer network and that is used to identify the device in various forms of electronic communication,
such as the World Wide Web. The hostname is used to distinguish devices within a local network. In
addition, computers can be found by others through the hostname, which enables data exchange within
a network, for example. Hostnames are used on the internet as part of the fully qualified domain name.

2) ipconfig
a)Find out the MAC address of the network interface card of your system?
b)Find the host IP address of your system?
c)Find out all the network interfaces connected to your system.

3. ping
a)Find the IP address of www.vit.ac.in?
136.233.9.13

b)Indicate what percentage of packets sent resulted in a successful response. For the packets from
which you received a response, write down the minimum, average, and maximum round trip times in
milliseconds. Note that ping reports these times to you if you tell it how many packets to send on the
command line. Explain the differences in minimum round trip time to each of these hosts.
c)Now send pings with 56, 512 and 1024 byte packets to the 4 hosts above. Writedown the minimum,
average, and maximum round trip times in milliseconds for each of the 12 pings. Why are the minimum
round-trip times to the same hosts different when using 56, 512, and 1024 byte packets.
i)www.google.co.in

ii)www.vit.ac.in
d)For the following hosts, intranet.vit.ac.in, send 100 packets that have a length of 56 data bytes.
Indicate what percentage of the packets resulted in a successful response.
e)For some of the hosts, you may not have received any responses for the packets you sent. What are
some reasons asto why you might have not gotten a response

f)For the following hosts, send pings and write down the minimum, average, and maximum round trip
times in milliseconds.

i)intranet.vit.ac.in
ii)www.vit.ac.in

iii)www.google.com
4)netstat
a)List Various Listening Ports.

b)List TCP Ports connections

c)List UDP Ports connections


d)List all the LISTENING Connections
e)Find the statistics of all protocols.

f) Display Kernel IP routing table.


g)Show the Kernel interface table, similar to ifconfig command
h) By simply opening a browser connection to HTTP (port 80) server (while still offline!) what will be
status of netstat command?
Display Service name with PID

5) traceroute
a)How traceroute works?
Traceroute, like the ping command can be used to isolate problems in our network. The ping command is a
bit limited sometimes. Traceroute uses the TTL (Time to Live) field in the IP packet header. Normally, TTL is
used to prevent packets from being forwarded forever when there is a routing loop. Whenever an IP packet
is forwarded by a router, the TTL is decreased by one. When the TTL is zero, the IP packet will be
discarded. The TRACERT (also known as traceroute) command literally traces the route from the host PC to
the specified URL or IP by displaying the IP and/or URL of each network node that it passes through.

b)What kind of information can be obtained by the traceroute command?


Traceroute is a network diagnostic tool used to track in real-time the pathway taken by a packet on
an IP network from source to destination, reporting the IP addresses of all the routers it pinged in
between. Traceroute also records the time taken for each hop the packet makes during its route to
the destination.
c)Perform a traceroute from your machine to www.vit.ac.in. Include a copy of the output and explain
what happened including a description of what each of the fields means.
When the command traceroute www.vit.ac.in is entered on the keyboard our computer will send 3 data
packets to each router on its way to the destination and each time the data packets reaches router on
its path, the router will send back the 3 data packets back to our computer and tell us information about
the router such as the router’s IP address and it will also tell us round trip time, measured in
milliseconds, 3 data packets took to and from each other. And now trace is complete. First column tell
us number of hops or steps that the route took to destination, which is total of 10 hops. The next three
columns show as round trip time each data packet took to each point and back to your computer. Last
column tell us the IP address of each router and the final destination. And it will also tell us the domain
name if it is available.

d)Perform a traceroute for the following machines within 5 hops:


intranet.vit.ac.in
www.google.co.in

6)ARP
A)How do you show the full ARP table for your machine? Capture a printout of what it is. Explain
each column of what is printed.
Using the arp command allows you to display and modify the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)
cache. An ARP cache is a simple mapping of IP addresses to MAC addresses. Each time a
computer’s TCP/IP stack uses ARP to determine the Media Access Control (MAC) address for an
IP address, it records the mapping in the ARP cache so that future ARP lookups go faster. If you
use the arp command without any parameters, you get a list of the command’s parameters. To
display the ARP cache entry for a specific IP address, use an -a switch followed by the IP address.

b)Try ping a couple of local addresses and a website. Then re-run the arp command. Which
addresses are listed?
7)nslookup
a)What is the IP address and name of the machine acad.intranet.vit.ac.in and mail.vit.ac.in?
b)What local machine is this information coming from? Why is it coming from this machine?

Information about vit.ac.in comes from address 202.65.140.190 Information about mail.vit.ac.in comes
from address 202.65.140.190 nslookup retrieves the relevant address information directly from the DNS
cache of name servers. As the central directory service for network addresses, the domain name
system (DNS) plays an important role in the success of the Internet and World Wide Web. The web of
globally distributed DNS servicers (also called name servers) does the important work of ensuring that
the names of the different network participants and applications, such as example.org, are converted
into numeric and machine-readable IP addresses (and vice versa). In this way, it guarantees that the
correct computer or desired website is always reached via the corresponding IP

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