Cubism report

Jhonn Alexander Torres Castro

9-1
 What is Cubism?
A 20th-century artistic movement that broke into the European art scene in 1907,
marking a strong distance from traditional painting and setting a vital precedent for the
emergence of artistic avant-gardes, is known as Cubism.

His signature style explores a new geometric perspective of reality,looking at objects

The term "Cubism" was nonetheless not proposed by the painters themselves, but by
the critic Louis Vauxcelles, the same one who at the time named fauvism, who after
attending an exhibition by Georges Braque (French, 1882-1963) stated that his works
"reduced the landscape and the human body to insipid cubes", and then proceeded to
talk about Cubism. In this regard, the Spanish painter Pablo Picasso, considered the
greatest exponent of the movement, would later state that "When we did Cubism, we
had no intention of making Cubism, but only to express what we had inside".

See also: Abstract art

Characteristics of Cubism
Cubist paintings suppress most of the details of the objects they represent.

Despite what its name may suggest, Cubism is not about painting through cubes. On
the contrary, Cubism recognizes and embraces the two-dimensional nature of the
canvas and renounces three-dimensionality, rather trying to represent in its paintings
all possible views of an object, simultaneously. In doing so, it revolutionized the
precepts in force in painting since ancient times, which is why Cubism is seen as the
first of the artistic avant-gardes.

Cubist paintings thus lack depth, offer multiple views (rather than a single one), and
suppress most of the details of the objects they represent, often reducing them to the
same trait: violins, for example, are recognized only by their tails.

At the same time, the genre of Cubism paintings could not be more conventional: still
lifes, landscapes, portraits. But unlike Impressionism and Fauvism, they are painted
with muted colors: grey, green and brown, especially in their early days.

The difficulty of interpreting certain Cubist paintings, given their break with all forms
of naturalness, meant that it was necessary to accompany the work with an
explanatory or critical text, a gesture that would later become common in avant-garde
works of art.
Cubism artists

The greatest exponent of Cubism was the Spaniard Pablo Picasso (1881-1973), who is
assumed to be the founder of aesthetics and first cultist of his style. However, other
artists recognized for his Cubist work were the French Georges Braque (1882–1963),
Jean Metzinger (1883–1956), Albert Gleizes (1881-A 1953) and Robert Delanay (1885–
1945), and the Spaniards Juan Gris (1887–1927) and Maria Blanchard (1881–1932).

Analytical Cubism (1909-1912)

Many works of analytical Cubism became virtually abstract.

Analytical Cubism or Airtight Cubism was the initial stage of the movement, whose
paintings were almost all monochrome and grey, focused on the point of view and not
on chromaticity. This approach was such that in many cases the works became
virtually abstract, as the plans became unrecognizable and independent of the
volume of the painted object. This caused the new style to receive much rejection from
the traditionalist sectors of painting, as did the enthusiasm of avant-garde artists and cultural
personalities such as Guillaume Apollinaire and Gertrude Stein, who wrote critical
pieces about the importance of nascent Cubism.
 Around 1911, however, the Madrid painter Juan Gris became interested in light,
incorporating it into his Cubist works in a naturalistic way. But the following year he
had joined the trend towards the collage of Picasso and Braque, incorporating in his
paintings various materials such as wood and upholstery.

Synthetic Cubism (1912-1914)

Synthetic Cubism adds color to the cubist tendency until then monochrome.

The second period of Cubism was born following Braque's tendency to incorporate,
from 1912, numbers and words into his paintings, as well as the use of woods,
discolored papers and other materials.

That same year Picasso made his first collage, and this incorporation of other
elements added color to the Cubist tendency until then monochrome. Cubist
paintings then become more figurative and therefore easier to interpret, more docile,
and in them objects are reduced to their elemental characteristics, rather than to
overlapping volumes and planes.

This is considered the most imaginative stage of Cubism, especially in the work of
Juan Gris, who was awarded greater quotas of freedom and color. However, World
War I ended the movement, as many painters were called to the front, and in the post-
 war period only Juan Gris remained faithful to Cubism, albeit in a much simpler and
more austere style.

Works of Cubism

Some of the most representative paintings of Cubism are:

 Guernica (1937) by Pablo Picasso.

 The Ladies of Avignon (1907) by Pablo Picasso.

 Violin and Palette (1909) by Georges Braque.

 The Bottle of Anise (1914) by Juan Gris.

 Woman reading on the beach (1937) by Pablo Picasso.

Literary Cubism

Literary Cubism is an adaptation resulting from the ingenuity of the Frenchman

This trend is carried to the maximum by Apollinaire in its Caligrams. Poems of Peace
and War (1918), in which he broke the syntactic and logical structure of the poem,
prefiguring what the surrealists would later do.

Pablo Picasso
Pablo Picasso was a pacifist and communist militant.

Picasso was not only the central figure of Cubism, but an internationally renowned
painter and sculptor, considered one of the most influential artists of numerous artistic
movements, as well as a cultist of other art forms such as drawing, engraving, book
illustration, the design of sets and costumes for theatrical montages, and even had a
very brief literary work.

Picasso was also a pacifist and communist militant, a member of both the Communist
Party of Spain and the French, until the day his death in 1973. The indisputableness of
his work also contrasts with his personal and loving life, of a notorious promiscuity
and misogyny, so far as to come to regard women as "machines of suffering".

Related topics
 Abstract Art

 Collage

 Abstract Painting

 Impressionism

 Vanguardism
 Painting

 Expressionism

 Futurism

 Dadaism

 Plastic Arts
 Surrealism

 Symbolism

 Abstract Art

 Collage

 Abstract Painting