KEY : ASSORTED TEST 11

Thời gian: 180 phút

SECTION A: LISTENING (50 points)

PART 1: 1. coin-operated 2. Every week 3. A common room 4. Half board
5. living With a local family/ living with local families/ homestay
PART 2:
6. C
7. B
8. C
9. A
10. B
Interviewer: Hello listeners and welcome to the programme. Later we’ll be speaking to
community leader Jaqueline Epping about efforts to incorporate the wide diversity of residents in
her area, but up first we have psychologist Colin Fraser who is going to give us an insight into
why this incorporation is both necessary and beneficial. Welcome Colin.
Colin: Thank you, I’m happy to be here.
Interviewer: Now Colin, you’re a bit of a mixed bag aren’t you? You were born in Canada,
grew up in Scotland and now you reside in the States. So, if we’re talking about cultural identity,
what identity do you relate to?
Colin: I’ve also lived in England and France, and you’re right that I wasn’t born in Scotland but
my parents and my siblings were. In fact, my heritage goes back a number of years in that
country, so, even though I’m not Scottish by birth, I would have to say that I identify
predominantly with the Scottish culture. Having said that though, I think I’ve managed to
incorporate aspects of each of the cultures I’ve been exposed to. (7)
Interviewer: So what makes you predominantly Scottish?
Colin: Ooh, that’s not an easy question to answer. There are so many facets that make up a
person’s identity that I don’t think there’s one physical factor that I could point to and it’s
difficult to categorise culture. Some might say it’s determined by birth, but I think that’s too
simplistic. There’s more to it than that but without going to particulars, I would have to say I
just feel Scottish. And that, to me, is what’s important. I feel a sense of belonging, even when
I’m not there. (8) I went to a highland games recently, in America. You know, the outdoor event
with lots of kilts and caber tossing. It was great. Watching all the athletic events and dancing was
an amazing sensation. Even though it was a long way from Scotland, while I was there I just felt
at home. As soon as the mass pipe band started playing I was transported to what I consider my
homeland. And that’s key. Home is where the heart is as they say.
Interviewer: But how can a highland games in America make you feel at home if home is
thousands of miles away?
Colin: Because it’s not about the country, it’s the culture. Some of the biggest games are in
Canada and America and they’re a testimony to the importance of cultural identity. They were
born of the people who emigrated from Scotland to those countries, people who kept their
cultural roots alive and passed them down through the generations. The strength of their ties
stayed with them even as they were absorbed into another culture. Some people might suggest
that clinging to a bygone practice of cultural heritage is obsolete in today’s global society but I
think it is now in particular, with the interconnectedness of society, that the importance of
knowing who you are and where you come from becomes paramount. (9) There must be a way
of discerning oneself from the masses.
Interviewer: But wouldn’t that alienate a person from the culture they reside in?
Colin: On the contrary. In the global community, culture has to be accommodating. If it
excludes newcomers they will separate themselves from the indigenous population and that’s
when you get fractures in society, splinter groups of isolated people which can lead to conflict.
In order to avoid this, both the interloping and the native cultures have to accept each other .
(10) There’s give and take as with any symbiotic relationship. But that doesn’t mean abandoning
your roots. It’s not just about how you see yourself but how the rest of the world views your
culture. If your culture translates well, you’re in luck. You can go anywhere just being yourself
and when you know yourself, the ability to accept others for who they are becomes much
simpler. You can appreciate their idiosyncrasies with greater ease.
PART 3:
1. financial/economic
2. travel
Ex: The UK’s trade association for holiday operators and travel agents cast doubt on a
sufficiently rapid lifting of social distancing or travel restrictions imposed due to Covid-19.
3. factory shutdown
4. quarantine: a period of time when an animal or a person that has or may have a disease is kept
away from others in order to prevent the disease from spreading
French officials have announced that Britons and those from European Union member states will
not be placed in 14 days mandatory quarantine if they travel to France, as suggested by the
country’s health minister.
5. unfazed: not worried or surprised by something unexpected that happens
Global stock markets have been largely unfazed by the news of President Trump being
impeached, as investors widely expected the US Senate to vote against his removal from office.
6. spillover effects
Spillover effect refers to the impact that seemingly unrelated events in one nation can have on
the economies of other nations.
Ex: Even if an individual country is fortunate enough to escape widespread viral contagion, the
spillover effects from global developments or broken supply chains may still lead to faltering
economic activity.
7. Airlines and resort companies
8. protective masks
ARI SHAPIRO, HOST:
American financial markets are not immune to a new respiratory virus that has spread quickly
from China. Stocks fell sharply today on fears the coronavirus could take a larger economic toll
than initially expected. The virus has sickened thousands of people and killed more than a
hundred. As NPR's Scott Horsley reports, there are signs that financial fallout, like the virus
itself, might not be easily contained.
SCOTT HORSLEY, BYLINE: The sell-off came as China's government moved aggressively to
limit travel in and out of the region where the outbreak began. Tens of millions of Chinese
citizens are now blocked from traveling around the country at the height of the Lunar New Year,
typically a busy travel season. What's more, the government extended the holiday's usual
weeklong factory shutdown by an extra three days.
FREYA BEAMISH: Probably, investors are kind of waking up to that story.
HORSLEY: Freya Beamish is chief Asia economist for Pantheon Macroeconomics. She worries
the quarantine comes too late to stop the spread of the virus since numerous infected
people were already on the road. But she says the travel restrictions will put a serious damper
on holiday shopping and excursions.
BEAMISH: It seems like the worst of both worlds for the macroeconomy.
HORSLEY: Investors in Japan thought so. The Nikkei stock market suffered its worst drop in
five months today. European markets also slumped. Here in the U.S., the Dow Jones Industrial
Average tumbled more than 450 points. That's a contrast with much of last week, when U.S.
investors were largely unfazed by the outbreak. When I spoke with chief investment officer
David Kotok of Cumberland Advisors a few days ago, he warned investors were underestimating
the potential fallout.
DAVID KOTOK: The markets who are saying, in my opinion, this is nothing more than a cold
and sniffle - business as usual - are not evaluating the risk well enough.
HORSLEY: Part of the challenge for forecasters is so much about this virus is still unknown.
Many are looking for a model in the SARS outbreak of 2002 and 2003, which killed more than
700 people. At first glance, this virus appears to be less severe, but Jay Bryson, acting chief
economist at Wells Fargo Securities, says China is a much bigger player on the world stage now,
so any fallout will be amplified.
JAY BRYSON: What happened is the size of the Chinese economy has more than doubled over
that period of time, and so if it were to slow down significantly because of this, you know, that
could have some spillover effects to some of its trading partners.
HORSLEY: In 2003, China was still a newcomer to the global trading system. Todd Lee of IHS
Markit says today it's much more integrated with the world's economy.
TODD LEE: Obviously, it depends on, you know, whether or not the government can effectively
contain the outbreak, but in terms of the supply chain disruption, it will be much bigger than
before.
HORSLEY: Lee says China's economy is also more fragile today. The coronavirus emerged after
a period of slowing growth and a tense trade war with the United States. China's consumers play
a bigger role in the country's economy now than they did back in 2003, and so far, that's where
most of the costs of this outbreak have appeared. Airlines and resort companies have seen
their stocks fall in anticipation of reduced demand from China. The outbreak could also
make it harder for China to make good on the big purchases of U.S. goods that were promised in
the newly announced Phase 1 trade deal.
Every economic storm brings a silver lining of opportunity, though. Some of today's big winners
on Wall Street include a company that's working on a vaccine for the coronavirus as well
as a firm that makes protective masks. Scott Horsley, NPR News, Washington.

PART 3:
SECTION B
PART 1: 1B (the going rate: mức giá hiện hành ) 2B (fiery debate: tranh cãi nảy lửa)
3C (dwindle to practically nothing: giảm dần cho đến khi hết)
4C (disheveled; intangled: rối tung, rối mù)
5A (evil spirits; linh hồn ma quỷ) 6D (go steady: have a date )
7C ( contagious : infectious ) 8C (gradually)
9A (will power: nỗ lực ) 10C (give sb a fright: make sb shocked)
PART 2:
1. outburst 2. Residential 3. Composure 4. Pushy 5. Respectful
6. Intolerant 7. Relating 8.irritable 9 Background 10. Quick-tempered
SECTION C
Part 1
1. B 2. D 3.A 4.B 5.B 6.D 7.C 8..B 9.A 10.C
Part 2:
1. realize 2. Recharge 3. Time 4. Movement 5.invention 6. Draw
7. rely 8. Supply 9. Carry 10. Useful
Part 3
1. B- 2.C- 3.C- 4. A- 5.D- 6.B- 7.A- 8.C- 9.B- 10. A
Part 4
1. A 2.D 3.A 4.A 5.E 6.C 7. C 8.E 9.B 10.D
Part 5:
1. ix 2. vii 3. vi 4. i 5. viii 6. ii 7. iv
8. C 9. F 10. E