Narrabundah College

Specialist Mathematics AC/IB

Unit 7: Specialist Mathematics – 1.0 Std Units

SMO5: Statistics and Statistics Extension

End of Unit Test 2017 – Weighting 35%

Date of Assessment: Wednesday 30 August 2017

Name: ________________________________ Teacher (circle one): Nicole, Susan

Criteria for assessment:

Technology, its selection and appropriate use, is an integral part of all the following criteria. You will be
assessed on the degree to which you demonstrate:
 Knowledge – knowledge of mathematical facts, techniques and formulae
 Application – appropriate selection and application of mathematical skills
 Reasoning – ability to use reasoning to support solutions and conclusions
 Communication – interpretation and communication of mathematical ideas

Instructions for this test:

 Write your name or initials and CIRCLE your teacher's name at the top of each page
 Answer all questions on this paper
 If more space is needed for your answer, use the back of the SAME page
 Full marks will only be awarded if working is CLEAR and COMPLETE
 Round answers to 3 decimal places, where appropriate
 Allocated marks are shown
 Reading time: 5 minutes
 Writing time: 75 minutes

Page Marks Score

2 9
3 12
4 7
5 5
6 6
7 9
8 8
9 9
10 9
11 13
12 8
TOTAL 95
Page 1 of 12
Initials: _______________ Teacher (circle one): Nicole, Susan

Question 1 (3 marks)

A set of 50 observations is made randomly from a normal distribution with mean . Given that
and find a 95% confidence interval for .

Question 2 (6 marks)

A machine is designed to produce articles of mass 2.4 kg with a variance of 0.8 kg2. A random
sample of size 120 is found to have a mean of 2.52 kg. Treating this as a large sample from a
normal population, test, at 5% significance level, the hypothesis that the population mean is
greater than 2.4kg.

Page 2 of 12
Initials: _______________ Teacher (circle one): Nicole, Susan

Question 3 (5 marks)

Unbiased estimates of the mean and variance of a population, based on a random sample of 24,
observations are 5.5 and 2.42 respectively. Another random observation of 8.0 is obtained. Find
new unbiased estimates of the mean and the variance with this extra observation taken into
account.

Question 4 (3 marks)

A health researcher is investigating the weights of people at the gym. She decides to ask
everyone who walks through the door what their current weight is until she gets 30 responses.
State three different problems with this sampling technique.

Question 5 (4 marks)

Given random variables X and Y, where and and , find Cov(X,Y)

Page 3 of 12
Initials: _______________ Teacher (circle one): Nicole, Susan

Question 6 (7 marks; 2,2,1,2)

An agricultural scientist thinks that there is a relationship between the hardness of a chicken’s
eggshell (on a scale of 1-10) and the amount of a food supplement in their diet. Below is the
sample data from 10 chickens:

Amount of food
7.0 9.8 11.6 17.5 7.6 8.2 12.4 17.5 9.5 19.5
supplement, x (in grams)
Hardness of shells, y 1.2 2.1 3.4 6.1 1.3 1.7 3.4 6.2 2.1 7.1

Answer the following questions using your graphics calculator – no working is required.

a) Find the value of the product moment correlation coefficient for this data and state the
nature of any correlation.

b) Find the equation of the regression line for:

i) Y on X

ii) X on Y

c) Predict the amount of food supplement required to produce a shell of hardness 8.

d) Do you think the linear model will continue to be appropriate regardless of how large or
small x becomes? Justify your answer.

Page 4 of 12
Initials: _______________ Teacher (circle one): Nicole, Susan

Question 7 (5 marks)

A poll of people in different age groups was conducted and the percentage of people who are
irritated by other people checking their mobiles during a film were recorded:

Age group 18 – 24 25 – 39 40 – 54 55 –
Irritated (%) 76% 63% 64% 59%

Given that 400 people in each age group were surveyed, complete the contingency table and
test the hypothesis at 1% sig level that people are equally irritated.

Number Irritated Number not Irritated

18 – 24
25 – 39
40 – 54
55 -

Page 5 of 12
Initials: _______________ Teacher (circle one): Nicole, Susan

Question 8 (6 marks; 1, 5)

Samples of packets of cereal filled by two different machines were examined and the following
results about the mass (x grams) of the contents were obtained:

Sample size
Machine 1 20 340.9 16.82
Machine 2 10 339.4 8.63

a) Assuming that the masses of contents in packets filled by each machine are normally
distributed and the two normal distributions have equal variances find the unbiased
estimate for these population variances.

b) Test whether the mean masses of contents in packets filled by the two machines are
significantly different at the 5% level.

Page 6 of 12
Initials: _______________ Teacher (circle one): Nicole, Susan

Question 9 (5 marks)

A random variable X has the distribution and is the mean of a random sample of
size n drawn from the distribution of X. Find the least value of n such that

Question 10 (4 marks)

Given random variables X and Y with and , find the largest possible
value for .

Page 7 of 12
Initials: _______________ Teacher (circle one): Nicole, Susan

Question 11 (8 marks)

The goals scored in each match by a football team during two seasons are shown in the table:

No. of goals 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
No. of matches 14 32 21 12 3 1 0 1

It is suspected that a Poisson distribution is an appropriate model for this data. Complete the
Observed/Expected frequency table below and carry out a goodness-of-fit test of the model
at the 5% significance level, where is approximated by the mean of the data in the
table.

No. of goals: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7+
Observed 14 32 21 12 3 1 0 1

Expected

Page 8 of 12
Initials: _______________ Teacher (circle one): Nicole, Susan

Question 12 (9 marks; 6, 3)

A drug for treating a disease is thought to be effective in 75% of cases. When it is tested on a
sample of 52 patients, 43 of them responded positively to the treatment.

a) Perform an appropriate test about the effectiveness of the drug at the 5% level.

b) Given that in part (a), would be rejected if the value being tested was less than 32 or
greater than 46, calculate the probability of making a Type II error if the actual effectiveness
rate is 85%.

Page 9 of 12
Initials: _______________ Teacher (circle one): Nicole, Susan

Question 13 (9 marks; 1, 3, 5)

The fitness levels of 10 people were measured before and after a new exercise program. The
results are recorded in the table below (assume that the fitness level of people follows a normal
distribution with unknown mean and variance):

Person A B C D E F G H I J
Fitness Level Pre-program 12 13 11 14 10 16 14 13 13 12
Fitness Level Post-program 11 14 16 12 12 18 15 14 15 11

a) Explain why it would not be appropriate to use the difference between the means of these
two sets of scores to evaluate whether the exercise program was effective.

b) Determine a 90% confidence interval for the mean of the differences in the fitness levels and
explain the meaning of your answer.

c) It is hoped that the participants’ fitness levels will have been improved by the exercise
program. Perform an appropriate test at the 5% level to see whether this is the case.

Page 10 of 12
Initials: _______________ Teacher (circle one): Nicole, Susan

Question 14 (5 marks)

The masses of watermelons in a large box have an approximately normal distribution with
mean 1.5 kg and standard deviation 0.3 kg. Find the probability that the mean mass of 25
watermelons differs from 1.5kg by more than 0.1 kg.

Question 15 (8 marks; 3, 2, 3)

A sample of size 16 is taken from a normal population with unknown mean and known
variance 64. The sample is used to test the hypotheses , . will be
rejected if .

a) Find P(Type I error)

b) Suppose the true mean is 159.

i) Find P(Type II error)

ii) Determine the critical value for such that P(Type I error)=P(Type II error)

Page 11 of 12
Initials: _______________ Teacher (circle one): Nicole, Susan

Question 16 (8 marks)

An estimate 𝜃̂ of a population parameter 𝜃, is unbiased if 𝐸(𝜃̂) = 𝜃

Prove that the pooled two-sample estimate 𝜎̂ 2 is an unbiased estimate for

, where X and Y are independent random variables with and

Page 12 of 12