MATHEMATICS T 954/P1 – STPM 2013
2
2. A sequence a1, a2, a3, . , , is defined by an = 3n . The difference between
1. Sketch the graph of y = sin 2x in the range 0 ≤ x ≤ . successive terms of the sequence forms a new sequence b1, b2, b3, . . .
Hence, solve the inequality │sin 2x│< 1 , where 0 ≤ x ≤ . [6]
2 (a) Express bn in terms of n. [2]
(b) Show that b1, b2, b3, . . . is an arithmetic sequence, and state its first
y term and common difference. [3]
1 (c) Find the sum of the first n terms of the sequence b1, b2, b3, . . .
in terms of an and bn. [2]
2 2 2
(a) bn = an 1 – a n = 3(n + 1) – 3n = 6n + 3
0 x x
Alternative 1
(a) a1 = 3, a2 = 12, a3 = 27, a4 = 48, a5 = 75 , . . . Pattern (at least 4 bn terms)
–1
b1 = 9, b2 = 15, b3 = 21, b4 = 27, . . . Otherwise all zero
bn = 9 + (n – 1)(6) bn = 6n + 3 NWW–1
│sin 2x│= 1 : sin 2x = 1 sin 2x = – 1 Alternative 2
2 2 2
5 7 11 (a) a1 = 3, a2 = 12, a3 = 27, a4 = 48, a5 = 75 , . . .
2x = , 2x = ,
6 6 6 6 b1 = 9 = 3(3) , b2 = 15 = 3(5) Pattern (at least 4 bn terms)
5 7 11 b3 = 21 = 3(7) , b4 = 27 = 3(9) , . . . Otherwise all zero
x= , , ,
12 12 12 12 bn = 3(2n + 1) bn = 6n + 3 NWW–1
y
1 (b) bn 1 – bn = [6(n + 1) + 3] – [6n + 3] = 6
y=1
2 Since bn 1 – bn is a constant b1, b2, b3, . . . is an arithmetic sequence
2 a = 9, d = 6
0 x x
y=–1
2
–1 n n
(c) Sn = [2(9) + (n – 1)(6)] or Sn = [9 + (6n + 3)] = 3n2 + 6n = an + bn – 3
2 2
5 7 11
Solution : 0 ≤ x < or <x< or <x≤ Alternative
12 12 12 12
n
5 7 11
{ |
Note : Accept Set form : x 0 ≤ x <
12
or
12
<x<
12
or
12
<x≤ } (c) br = bn + bn 1 + . . . + b2 + b1
r 1
5 7 11
or Interval form : 0 , [
12
U ,
12 12
) (
U
12
, ) ( ] = ( an 1 – a n ) + ( a n – an 1 ) + . . . + (a3 – a2) + (a2 – a1)
2 2
= an 1 – a1 = 3(n + 1) – 3 = 3n + 6n = an + bn – 3
3. A system of linear equations is given by 4. The complex number z is given by z = 1 + 3 i .
x + y + z = k, x – y + z = 0, 4x + 2y + z = 3,
1 1 1 k (a) Find | z | and arg z. [3]
where and k are real numbers. 0 2 0 k 5
Show that the augmented matrix for (b) Using the de Moivre’s theorem, show that z = 16 – 16 3 i . [3]
0 0 4 3 3k
the system may be reduced to [5] 4
(c) Express
z in the form x + yi, where z* is the conjugate of z and x, y . [3]
Hence, determine the values of and k so that the system of linear equations has z*
(a) a unique solution, [1] –1
(a) | z | = 12 ( 3 )2 = 2 arg z = tan ( 3 )=
(b) infinitely many solutions, [1] 3
(c) no solution. [1]
5
5 5 5 1 3
1 1 1 k 1 1 1 k (b) z = 2 cis = 2 cis = 32(– – ) = 16 – 16 3i
R2 – R1 R2 3 3 2 2
1 1 1 0 0 2 0 k
R3 4R1 R2 R3
4 2 3 0 0 4 3 3k
Note : 1. Improper Augmented matrix (without bracket or partition line), NWW–1 (c)
z 4 = z 4 . z = z 5 = 16 16 3 i = 4 – 4 3 i
2. Improper format of ERO (without arrow signs), NWW–1 z* z* z z
2
( 2)2
Alternative
(a) ≠ 4 and k 4
(b) = 4 and k = 1
2 cis
(c) = 4 and k ≠ 1 4 3 4
(c)
z = = 2 cis [
3
– (– )] = 4 – 4 3 i
z* 3 3
2 cis (- )
3
5. Show that the parametric equations x = ct and y = c , where c is a constant, 6. Show that the point A(2, 0, 0) lies on both planes 2x – y + 4z = 4 and x – 3y – 2z = 2.
t Hence, find the vector equation of the line of intersection of both planes. [5]
2
define a point on the rectangular hyperbola xy = c . [2]
2x – y + 4z = 2(2) – 0 + 4(0) = 4 x – 3y – 2z = 2 – 3(0) – 2(0) = 2
The points P, Q, R and S, with parameter p, q, r and s respectively, lie on
2 Point A lies on both planes
the rectangular hyperbola xy = c .
2 1 i j k
(a) Show that pqrs = –1 if the chords PQ and RS are perpendicular. [4] 1 x 3 or 2 1 4 = 14i + 8j – 5k
(b) Find the equation of the line passing through the points P and Q. 4 2 1 3 2
Deduce the equation of the tangent to the rectangular hyperbola
Vector equation of the line, r = 2i + (14i + 8j – 5k)
at the point P. [4]
Alternative
x = ct , y = c : xy = ct . c or t = x = c xy = c2
t t c y 2x – y + 4z = 4 ......(1) x – 3y – 2z = 2 .......(2)
(1) + 2(2) : 4x – 7y = 8 ......(3)
A(2, 0, 0) : 4(2) – 7(0) = 8 Point A lies on both planes
Let y = 8 : x = 16, z = –1 B(16, 8, –5) AB = 14i + 8j – 5k
(a) P(cp , c ) , Q(cq , c ) , R(cr , c ) , S(cs , c )
p q r s Vector equation of the line, r = 2i + (14i + 8j – 5k)
c c
p q 1 1
mPQ = = By the same method : m RS =
cp cq pq rs
1 1
PQ RS : mPQ .m RS = –1 . = –1 pqrs = –1
pq rs
1
(b) PQ : y – c = (x – cp) pqy = –x + cp + cq
p pq
PQ becomes tangent at P when q → p, (q = p)
tangent at P : p2y = –x + 2cp
4 3
7. The polynomial p(x) = hx + kx + 2x – 1, where h and k are constants,
leaves a remainder of 4 when divided by x – 1, and a remainder of –2 when Alternative 2 (Long Division)
divided by x + 1. 2
2x + x + 2
x – 1 2x + x + 0x2 + 2x – 1
2 4 3
(a) Determine the values of h and k. [3]
4 2
2 2x – 2x
(b) Express the polynomial p(x) in the form (x – 1).q(x) + r(x),
x + 2x2 + 2x – 1
3
where q(x) is quadratic and r(x) is linear. [4]
2
x3 –x
(c) Express q(x) in a completed square form a(x + b) + c. [2] 2
2x + 3x – 1
2
(i) 2x –2
3x + 1
Deduce that q(x) is always positive for all real values of x. [1]
(ii) Deduce the minimum value of q(x) and the corresponding value of x. [2] p(x) = (x2 – 1)(2x2 + x + 2) + 3x + 1
(d) Determine the set of values of x for which p(x) > 3x + 1. [3]
4 3
(a) p(1) = h(1) + k(1) + 2(1) – 1 = 4 2
4 3 (c) q(x) = 2x + x + 2 = 2[(x + 1
4
)2 – 16
1 ] + 2 = 2(x + 1 )2 + 15
4 8
p(–1) = h(–1) + k(–1) + 2(–1) – 1 = –2
h + k = 3 and h – k = 1 h=2,k=1 (i) Since (x + 1
4
)2 is always non-negative : q(x) ≥ 15
8
q(x) is always positive for all real values of x
4 3 2 2
(b) 2x + x + 2x – 1 = (x – 1)(2x + ax + b) + cx + d (ii) The minimum value of q(x) = 15 , the corresponding value of x = – 1
8 4
3 2
[x ] : 1 = a [x ] : 0 = b – 2 b = 2
0
[x] : 2 = –a + c c = 3 [x ] : –1 = –b + d d = 1 2 2
(d) p(x) > 3x + 1 : (x – 1)(2x + x + 2) > 0 (x + 1)(x – 1) > 0
p(x) = (x2 – 1)(2x2 + x + 2) + 3x + 1 Solution set : { x | x < 1 or 1 < x }
Alternative 1
2 2
(b) p(x) = (x – 1)(2x + ax + b) + cx + d
p(1) = c + d = 4 p(–1) = –c + d = –2 c=3,d=1
3 2
[x ] : 1 = a [x ] : 0 = b – 2 b = 2
p(x) = (x2 – 1)(2x2 + x + 2) + 3x + 1
8. A tetrahedron OABC has a base OAB and a vertex C, with
Alternative 3
OA = 2i + j + k, OB = 4i – j + 3k and OC = 2i – j – 3k.
(a) Show that OC is perpendicular to both OA and OB. [3] (b) AC = (2i – j – 3k) – (2i + j + k) = –2j – 4k
o
(b) Calculate, to the nearest 0.1 , the angle between the edge AC |(–2j – 4k) ● (2i – j – 3k)| = 20 . 14 sin θ
and the base OAB of the tetrahedron. [5]
|0 + 2 + 12| = 20(14) sin θ θ = 56.8o
(c) Calculate the area of the base OAB and the volume of the tetrahedron. [7]
OAC = 56.8o (1dp)
(a) OC●OA = 4 – 1 – 3 = 0 OC●OB = 8 + 1 – 9 = 0
OC is perpendicular to both OA and OB
Alternative
(c) OA x OB = (2i + j + k) x (4i – j + 3k) = 4i – 2j – 6k
2 4 i j k
(a) OA x OB = 1 x 1 1 = 4i – 2j – 6k = 2 OC 1
1 3
or 2 1
Area of OAB = | 4i – 2j – 6k | = 1 16 4 36 = 14
4 1 3 2 2
1 1 14
OC is perpendicular to both OA and OB Volume = (Area of OAB)(OC) = ( 14 )( 14 ) = or 4.6667
3 3 3
(b) The angle between AC and OAB is OAC. Alternative
OC 4 1 9
tan OAC = = o
OAC = 56.8 (1dp) (c) OA x OB = (2i + j + k) x (4i – j + 3k) = 4i – 2j – 6k
OA 4 1 1
Alternative 1 1 1
Area of OAB = |4i – 2j – 6k | = 16 4 36 = 14
2 2
(b) AC = (2i – j – 3k) – (2i + j + k) = –2j – 4k
1 1 14
OC 4 1 9 OA 4 1 1 Volume = (2i – j – 3k)●(4i – 2j – 6k) = (8 + 2 + 18) = or 4.6667
sin OAC = = or cos OAC = = 6 6 3
AC 0 4 16 AC 0 4 16
OAC = 56.8o (1dp)
Alternative 2
(b) AC = (2i – j – 3k) – (2i + j + k) = –2j – 4k
(–2j – 4k)●(2i – j – 3k) = 0 4 16 . 4 1 9 cos θ
0 + 2 + 12 = 20(14) cos θ θ = 33.2o
OAC = 56.8o (1dp)
