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A) Getting A Webpage?

A network protocol establishes rules for transmitting data between devices in a network. It allows connected devices to communicate regardless of differences. Common protocols include HTTP for webpages, HTTPS for secure webpages, FTP for file transfers, VoIP for voice calls, IMAP/POP3 for email retrieval, and SMTP for email sending. Routers connect devices to the internet, routing traffic between them. They also implement new internet protocols like IPv6 that prevent routing loops. Emerging internet trends include web analytics, search engine optimization, content marketing, and social media marketing. LANs often use star topologies with twisted pair/fiber media and Ethernet/FDDI protocols, while the internet uses TCP/IP, UDP/IP, HTTP,

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Khubaib Mughal
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40 views2 pages

A) Getting A Webpage?

A network protocol establishes rules for transmitting data between devices in a network. It allows connected devices to communicate regardless of differences. Common protocols include HTTP for webpages, HTTPS for secure webpages, FTP for file transfers, VoIP for voice calls, IMAP/POP3 for email retrieval, and SMTP for email sending. Routers connect devices to the internet, routing traffic between them. They also implement new internet protocols like IPv6 that prevent routing loops. Emerging internet trends include web analytics, search engine optimization, content marketing, and social media marketing. LANs often use star topologies with twisted pair/fiber media and Ethernet/FDDI protocols, while the internet uses TCP/IP, UDP/IP, HTTP,

Uploaded by

Khubaib Mughal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Part1

What is a protocol:

A network protocol is an established set of rules that determine how data is transmitted between
different devices in the same network. Essentially, it allows connected devices to communicate with
each other, regardless of any differences in their internal processes, structure or design.

A) Getting a webpage?
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) Created by Pamela Fox. Whenever you visit a page on the
web, your computer uses the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) to download that page from
another computer somewhere on the Internet.
B) Secure webpage?
HTTPS
Domain Name System
File Transfer Protocol
jQuery
C) Downloading a file?
Hypertext transfer protocol, or HTTP, and file transfer protocol, known as FTP, are two methods
that allow you to upload or download files and pages from the Internet.
D) Voice telephony?
VoIP is used in voice telephony. VoIP services convert your voice into a digital signal that travels
over the Internet.
E) Getting the email
The Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP) is a mail protocol used for accessing email on a
remote web server from a local client. IMAP and POP3 are the two most commonly used
Internet mail protocols for retrieving emails. Both protocols are supported by all modern email
clients and web servers.
F) Sending an email
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) is the standard protocol for sending emails across the
Internet
G) Who/What assigns an IP, when you turn on you laptop in a LAN?
DHCP servers are responsible for automatically assigning IP addresses and other configuration
information to computers and other "host" devices.

What do the Routers do?

A router is a device that communicates between the internet and the devices in your home that:

 Connect to the internet.


 As its name implies, it “routes” traffic between the devices and the internet.
 Data sent through the internet
a) What is new in Internet Protocol?
 You can see which fields are no longer included e.g. header length.
 Time to Live has been replaced by Hop Limit
 Prevents infinite loops if a loop occurs in the route.
b) What are the trends in Internet.
Trends of internet are changing day by day,
 Web Analytics
 Search Engine Optimization
 Content Marketing
 Social Media Marketing
 Marketing Edge

Part 2
 Star Topology is used
 Twisted Pair Fiber is used as a media to connect those computers with the network.
 Devices used are: Network switch, Laptops, Computers and Printer.
 LAN protocols are: Ethernet, FDDI, Fiber Distributed Data Interface and Token Ring.
 Protocols for Internet: TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol), UDP/IP (User
Datagram Protocol/Internet Protocol), HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol) and FTP (File Transfer
Protocol).

Printer

PC
Laptop

Laptop
PC
Switch

Laptop

PC

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