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Numerical Integration

The document discusses the use of Jacobian matrices to transform between local and global coordinate systems in finite element analysis. It describes how Jacobian matrices are used to transform derivatives of shape functions and numerical integration between the two coordinate systems. The determinant of the Jacobian matrix is also used to transform integrals from local to global coordinates. Gauss-Legendre quadrature is presented as a method for numerical integration on the local element level.

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michael Ketsela
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
67 views

Numerical Integration

The document discusses the use of Jacobian matrices to transform between local and global coordinate systems in finite element analysis. It describes how Jacobian matrices are used to transform derivatives of shape functions and numerical integration between the two coordinate systems. The determinant of the Jacobian matrix is also used to transform integrals from local to global coordinates. Gauss-Legendre quadrature is presented as a method for numerical integration on the local element level.

Uploaded by

michael Ketsela
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1/17/2017 Dr.Yilma T.

1
Finite Element Method by G. R. Liu and S. S. Quek
•

1D Jacobian

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Finite Element Method by G. R. Liu and S. S. Quek
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Finite Element Method by G. R. Liu and S. S. Quek
2D Jacobian
• For a continuous 1-to-1 transformation from
(x,y) to (u,v), then

2D Jacobian
Where Region (in the xy plane) maps onto region in the uv plane
maps areas dxdy to areas dudv

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Finite Element Method by G. R. Liu and S. S. Quek
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Finite Element Method by G. R. Liu and S. S. Quek
Relation between Jacobians

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Finite Element Method by G. R. Liu and S. S. Quek
3D Jacobian

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Finite Element Method by G. R. Liu and S. S. Quek
Jacobian Matrix
It is used to transformer the derivatives of shape function
from global to local coordinate system

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Inverse of Jacobian Matrix

It is used to transformer the derivatives of shape


function from local to global coordinate system

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Elements of Jacobian Matrix

The determinant of Jacobean Matrix is used to


transformer the integral from local to global
coordinates.

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,

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FEM Numerical Integration
Two types of elements

Global element Local element

• Shape functions
• Spatial derivatives of
defined here
shape functions
needed here (in
matrices K ) • Numerical integration
performed on local
element (using Gauss-
• Integration
Legendre quadrature)
boundaries given
1/17/2017
here. Dr.Yilma T. 12
Transformation of spatial
derivatives
Global element Local element
• Spatial derivatives of • Spatial derivatives of
shape functions
shape functions

Transformation

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Transformation of integration boundaries
Local element
Global element
• Integration boundaries
• Integration
boundaries

Tranasformation

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Numerical integration

Approximating integral as summation

Can be rearranged and written as by defining Wi

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Gauss-Legendre quadrature
• The integeration is carried between 1 and -1
• In 1D (n=3):

• In 2D (nip=9):

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Gauss-Legendre quadrature

The integral is transformed to integration over master element

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Integration points and weights

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More on Gauss-Legendre-Quadrature

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Distorted vs. idealized element

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Two transformations are necessary

Transform locally defined derivatives of shape functions to


global coordinate system
Transform locally performed (numerical) integration to global
coordinates

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First transformation in 1D

• Derivatives of shape fcts. from local to global

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First transformation in 1D
→ Derivatives of shape fcts. from local to global

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Second transformation in 1D

→ Integration form from local to global

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First transformation in 2D

→ Derivatives of shape fcts. from local to global

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First transformation in 2D

→ Derivatives of shape fcts. from local to global

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First transformation in 2D
→ Derivatives of shape fcts. from local to global

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Second transformation in 2D

→ Integration form from local to global

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