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SEP 2018 Project - 1 On: Computer Networks (CCNT2544)

1) The document discusses quality of service (QoS) parameters for networks, including identification and marking techniques for coordinating QoS from end to end, and QoS policy, management, and accounting functions. 2) It defines scalability as a network's ability to expand quickly to support new users and applications without affecting existing performance. Extensibility refers to designing systems to allow expansion of capabilities. 3) The document describes how the Domain Name System (DNS) coordinates information for names by maintaining a directory of domain names and translating them to IP addresses, allowing computers to access websites by IP address.

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Ashfak Hossain Khan Mim
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64 views4 pages

SEP 2018 Project - 1 On: Computer Networks (CCNT2544)

1) The document discusses quality of service (QoS) parameters for networks, including identification and marking techniques for coordinating QoS from end to end, and QoS policy, management, and accounting functions. 2) It defines scalability as a network's ability to expand quickly to support new users and applications without affecting existing performance. Extensibility refers to designing systems to allow expansion of capabilities. 3) The document describes how the Domain Name System (DNS) coordinates information for names by maintaining a directory of domain names and translating them to IP addresses, allowing computers to access websites by IP address.

Uploaded by

Ashfak Hossain Khan Mim
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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SEP 2018

Project - 1 on
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Computer Networks (CCNT2544)

Submitted to
Head of Dept. Dr. Abdallah Mahmoud Mousa Altrad
Faculty of Computer and Information Technology

Prepared by
Somon Mohammad Azharul Islam (BP954)
BSc (Hons) in Computer Science
December 19, 2018

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A. Give indication of two types of Quality of Service (QoS) parameters that an
application might require from a network. For each give an example of the type of
application, with reason, that would require this type of QoS. 
B. Two of the key elements of a good network application are extensibility and
scalability, explain what each of these terms means.
C. Coordination of information is a key element of operating a successful network.
Describe how either the Domain Name System (DNS) does this for names or IP
achieves this for addresses.

Introduction: Networks connect people and promote unregulated communication. It is the


platforms on which to run businesses, to address emergencies, to inform individuals, and to
support education, science, and government. The Internet is the largest network in existence.
In fact, the term Internet means a network of networks. It is actually a collection of
interconnected private and public networks. It is incredible how quickly the Internet has
become an integral part of our daily routines.

A.
Quality of service (QoS) refers to a network’s ability to achieve maximum bandwidth and
deal with other network performance elements like latency, error rate and uptime. Network
performance is an element of concern both for the user and the service provider. Internet
service providers need to apply techniques and technologies to provide the best service
possible before their competitors beat them to it.
There are three fundamental components for basic QoS implementation I am going to give
two of them:

 Identification and marking techniques for coordinating QoS from end to end between
network elements
 QoS policy, management, and accounting functions to control and administer end-to-
end traffic across a network

B.

Scalability:  Thousands of new users and service providers connect to the Internet each week.
In order for the Internet to support this rapid amount of growth, it must be scalable. A
scalable network can expand quickly to support new users and applications without affecting
the performance of the service being delivered to existing users.

Extensible describes something, such as a program, programming language, or protocol, that


is designed so that users or developers can expand or add to its capabilities. Extensibility can
be a primary reason for the system, as in the case of the Extensible Mark-up Language

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(XML), or it may be only a minor feature. Evolvability makes it easy for engineers to make
changes to the system in the future, adapting it for unanticipated use cases as requirements
change. Also known as extensibility, modifiability, or plasticity.

C.

The Domain Name System (DNS) is one of the foundations of the internet, yet most people
outside of networking probably don’t realize they use it every day to do their jobs, check their
email or waste time on their smartphones.

Domain Name Servers (DNS) are the Internet's equivalent of a phone book. They maintain a
directory of domain names and translate them to Internet Protocol (IP) addresses.
This is necessary because, although domain names are easy for people to remember,
computers or machines, access websites based on IP addresses. Information from all the
domain name servers across the Internet are gathered together and housed at the Central
Registry. Host companies and Internet Service Providers interact with the Central Registry on
a regular schedule to get updated DNS information. 

When we type in a web address, e.g.,  www.mediu.edu.my, our Internet Service Provider
views the DNS associated with the domain name, translates it into a machine friendly IP
address (for example 185.30.176.115 is the IP for mediu.edu.my) and directs your Internet
connection to the correct website. 
After you register a new domain name or when you update the DNS servers on your domain
name, it usually takes about 12-36 hours for the domain name servers world-wide to be
updated and able to access the information. This 36-hour period is referred to as propagation.

Conclusion: Network QoS is a dauntingly complex subject, given that it straddles a broad
range of technologies from OSI layer 1 upward. However, its deployment can be broken
down into less-complex elements and processes: network engineering, traffic engineering,
QoS technologies, and network operation. These processes are typically iterative in nature, all
the more so as real-time network services become the norm. While the division into these
steps may seem an oversimplification of the QoS area, it allows non-experts at least to ponder
the elements. If NMS products are engineered to implement and automate the nitty-gritty
details, the industry will be able to look forward to better levels of interoperability, finer
degrees of control over end-user traffic, and ultimately lower prices for consumers.

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Reference:

http://www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=344237&seqNum=2

https://slideplayer.com/slide/4741419/

https://www.cse.wustl.edu/~jain/cis788-99/ftp/qos_protocols/index.html

----------------------------------------------------The End--------------------------------------------------

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