Chapter 9 Resource Masters

Consumable Workbooks Many of the worksheets contained in the Chapter Resource Masters are available as
consumable workbooks in both English and Spanish.

ISBN10 ISBN13
Study Guide and Intervention Workbook 0-07-890848-5 978-0-07-890848-4
Homework Practice Workbook 0-07-890849-3 978-0-07-890849-1

Spanish Version
Homework Practice Workbook 0-07-890853-1 978-0-07-890853-8

Answers for Workbooks The answers for Chapter 9 of these workbooks can be found
in the back of this Chapter Resource Masters booklet.

StudentWorks PlusTM This CD-ROM includes the entire Student Edition test along with
the English workbooks listed above.

TeacherWorks PlusTM All of the materials found in this booklet are included for viewing,
printing, and editing in this CD-ROM.

Spanish Assessment Masters (ISBN10: 0-07-89056-6, ISBN13: 978-0-07-890856-9)

These masters contain a Spanish version of Chapter 9 Test Form 2A and Form 2C.

Copyright © by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Permission is

granted to reproduce the material contained herein on the condition that such material
be reproduced only for classroom use; be provided to students, teachers, and families
without charge; and be used solely in conjunction with Glencoe Geometry. Any other
reproduction, for use or sale, is prohibited without prior written permission of the
publisher.

Send all inquiries to:

Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
8787 Orion Place
Columbus, OH 43240

ISBN13: 978-0-07-890518-6
ISBN10: 0-07-890518-4

Printed in the United States of America

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 009 14 13 12 11 10 09 08
 Contents
Teacher’s Guide to Using the Chapter 9 Lesson 9–5
Resource Masters .............................................iv Symmetry
Study Guide and Intervention .......................... 31
Chapter Resources Skills Practice .................................................. 33
Chapter 9 Student-Built Glossary ...................... 1 Practice .......................................................... 34
Chapter 9 Anticipation Guide (English) ............. 3 Word Problem Practice ................................... 35
Chapter 9 Anticipation Guide (Spanish) ............ 4 Enrichment ...................................................... 36

Lesson 9–1 Lesson 9–6

Reflections Dilations
Study Guide and Intervention ............................ 5 Study Guide and Intervention .......................... 37
Skills Practice .................................................... 7 Skills Practice .................................................. 39
Practice.............................................................. 8 Practice .......................................................... 40
Word Problem Practice ..................................... 9 Word Problem Practice ................................... 41
Enrichment ...................................................... 10 Enrichment ...................................................... 42

Lesson 9–2 Assessment

Translations Student Recording Sheet ................................ 43
Study Guide and Intervention .......................... 11 Rubric for Extended Response ....................... 44
Skills Practice .................................................. 13 Chapter 9 Quizzes 1 and 2 ............................. 45
Practice .......................................................... 14 Chapter 9 Quizzes 3 and 4 ............................. 46
Word Problem Practice ................................... 15 Chapter 9 Mid-Chapter Test ............................ 47
Enrichment ...................................................... 16 Chapter 9 Vocabulary Test ............................. 48
Cabri Junior ..................................................... 17 Chapter 9 Test, Form 1 ................................... 49
Geometer’s Sketchpad .................................... 18 Chapter 9 Test, Form 2A................................. 51
Chapter 9 Test, Form 2B................................. 53
Lesson 9–3 Chapter 9 Test, Form 2C ................................ 55
Rotations Chapter 9 Test, Form 2D ................................ 57
Study Guide and Intervention .......................... 19
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Chapter 9 Test, Form 3 ................................... 59

Skills Practice .................................................. 21 Chapter 9 Extended-Response Test ............... 61
Practice .......................................................... 22 Standardized Test Practice ............................. 62
Word Problem Practice ................................... 23 Unit 3 Test ....................................................... 65
Enrichment ...................................................... 24

Lesson 9–4 Answers ........................................... A1–A31

Compositions of Transformations
Study Guide and Intervention .......................... 25
Skills Practice .................................................. 27
Practice .......................................................... 28
Word Problem Practice ................................... 29
Enrichment ...................................................... 30

iii
 Teacher’s Guide to Using the
Chapter 9 Resource Masters
The Chapter 9 Resource Masters includes the core materials needed for Chapter 9.
These materials include worksheets, extensions, and assessment options. The answers for
these pages appear at the back of this booklet.

All of the materials found in this booklet are included for viewing and printing on
the TeacherWorks PlusTM CD-ROM.

Chapter Resources Practice This master closely follows the

types of problems found in the Exercises
Student-Built Glossary (pages 1–2) section of the Student Edition and includes
These masters are a student study tool that word problems. Use as an additional
presents up to twenty of the key vocabulary practice option or as homework for
terms from the chapter. Students are to second-day teaching of the lesson.
record definitions and/or examples for each
term. You may suggest that students Word Problem Practice This master
highlight or star the terms with which includes additional practice in solving word
they are not familiar. Give this to students problems that apply the concepts of the
before beginning Lesson 9-1. Encourage lesson. Use as an additional practice or as
them to add these pages to their homework for second-day teaching of the
mathematics study notebooks. Remind lesson.
them to complete the appropriate words
as they study each lesson. Enrichment These activities may extend
the concepts of the lesson, offer a historical
Anticipation Guide (pages 7–8) This

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

or multicultural look at the concepts, or
master, presented in both English and widen students’ perspectives on the
Spanish, is a survey used before beginning mathematics they are learning. They are
the chapter to pinpoint what students may written for use with all levels of students.
or may not know about the concepts in the
chapter. Students will revisit this survey Graphing Calculator, TI-Nspire, or
after they complete the chapter to see if Spreadsheet Activities These activities
their perceptions have changed. present ways in which technology can be
used with the concepts in some lessons
Lesson Resources of this chapter. Use as an alternative
Study Guide and Intervention These approach to some concepts or as an integral
masters provide vocabulary, key concepts, part of your lesson presentation.
additional worked-out examples and
Check Your Progress exercises to use as a
reteaching activity. It can also be used in
conjunction with the Student Edition as an
instructional tool for students who have
been absent.

Skills Practice This master focuses more

on the computational nature of the lesson.
Use as an additional practice option or as
homework for second-day teaching of the
lesson.

iv
 Assessment Options Leveled Chapter Tests
The assessment masters in the Chapter 9 • Form 1 contains multiple-choice
Resource Masters offer a wide range of questions and is intended for use with
assessment tools for formative (monitoring) below grade level students.
assessment and summative (final) • Forms 2A and 2B contain multiple-
assessment. choice questions aimed at on grade level
students. These tests are similar in
Student Recording Sheet This master
format to offer comparable testing
corresponds with the standardized test
situations.
practice at the end of the chapter.
• Forms 2C and 2D contain free-response
Extended-Response Rubric This master questions aimed at on grade level
provides information for teachers and students. These tests are similar in
students on how to assess performance on format to offer comparable testing
open-ended questions. situations.
• Form 3 is a free-response test for use
Quizzes Four free-response quizzes offer with above grade level students.
assessment at appropriate intervals in the
chapter. All of the above mentioned tests include a
free-response Bonus question.
Mid-Chapter Test This 1-page test Extended-Response Test Performance
provides an option to assess the first half of assessment tasks are suitable for all
the chapter. It parallels the timing of the students. Sample answers and a scoring
Mid-Chapter Quiz in the Student Edition rubric are included for evaluation.
and includes both multiple-choice and free-
response questions. Standardized Test Practice These three
pages are cumulative in nature. It includes
Vocabulary Test This test is suitable for three parts: multiple-choice questions with
all students. It includes a list of vocabulary bubble-in answer format, griddable
words and 12 questions to assess students’
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

vquestions with answer grids, and short-

knowledge of those words. This can also be answer free-response questions.
used in conjunction with one of the leveled
chapter tests.
Answers
• The answers for the Anticipation Guide
and Lesson Resources are provided as
reduced pages.
• Full-size answer keys are provided for
the assessment masters.

v
 NAME DATE PERIOD

9 Student-Built Glossary

Chapter Resources
This is an alphabetical list of the key vocabulary terms you will learn in Chapter 9.
As you study the chapter, complete each term’s definition or description. Remember
to add the page number where you found the term. Add these pages to your
Geometry Study Notebook to review vocabulary at the end of the chapter.

Found
Vocabulary Term Definition/Description/Example
on Page
angle of rotation

center of rotation
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

composition of
transformations

line of reflection

(continued on the next page)

Chapter 9 1 Glencoe Geometry

NAME DATE PERIOD

9 Student-Built Glossary (continued)

Found
Vocabulary Term Definition/Description/Example
on Page
line of symmetry

line symmetry

symmetry

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Chapter 9 2 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME DATE PERIOD

9 Anticipation Guide
Transformations

Chapter Resources
Step 1 Before you begin Chapter 9
• Read each statement.
• Decide whether you Agree (A) or Disagree (D) with the statement.
• Write A or D in the first column OR if you are not sure whether you agree or
disagree, write NS (Not Sure).

STEP 1 STEP 2
Statement
A, D, or NS A or D

1. To reflect a figure over the x-axis, multiply the

x-coordinate of each vertex by -1.

2. Reflecting a figure over the line y = x will

interchange the x- and y-coordinates of each vertex.
3. A figure can have at most two lines of symmetry.
4. When a figure is translated, all points of that figure
are moved the same distance in the same direction.
5. A figure can be translated by being reflected over
two parallel lines.
6. If a figure is rotated 180°, the image will be a
translation of the original figure.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

7. A figure is said to have rotational symmetry if it can

be rotated less than 360° about a point so that the
image and the preimage are indistinguishable.
8. A glide reflection includes both a translation and
rotation.
9. A dilation of a figure produces an image that is
similar to the preimage but not necessarily congruent.
10. If the scale factor of a dilation is negative, then the
image will be smaller than the preimage.
11. The magnitude of symmetry of a figure is 360° divided
by the order of symmetry of the figure.
12. Isometries produce congruent figures.

Step 2 After you complete Chapter 9

• Reread each statement and complete the last column by entering an A or a D.
• Did any of your opinions about the statements change from the first column?
• For those statements that you mark with a D, use a piece of paper to write an
example of why you disagree.

Chapter 9 3 Glencoe Geometry

NOMBRE FECHA PERÍODO

9 Ejercicios Preparatorios
Transformaciones
Paso 1 Antes de comenzar el Capítulo 9

• Lee cada enunciado.

• Decide si estás de acuerdo (A) o en desacuerdo (D) con el enunciado.
• Escribe A o D en la primera columna O si no estás seguro(a) de la respuesta,
escribe NS (No estoy seguro(a).

PASO 1 PASO 2
Enunciado
A, D, or NS A or D
1. Para reflejar una figura sobre el eje x, multiplica la
coordenada x de cada vértice por -1.
2. Al reflejar una figura sobre la recta y = x, se
intercambian las coordenadas x y y de cada vértice.
3. Una figura puede tener, máximo, dos ejes de simetría.

4. Cuando se traslada una figura, todos los puntos de la

figura se mueven la misma distancia en la misma dirección.
5. Una figura se puede trasladar al reflejarse sobre dos
líneas paralelas.
6. Si una figura se rota 180°, la imagen será una

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

traslación de la original.
7. Una figura posee simetría rotacional si se puede rotar
menos de 360° en torno a un punto de modo que su
imagen y preimagen son indistinguibles.
8. Una reflexión de deslizamiento incluye tanto una
traslación como una rotación.
9. La dilatación de una figura produce una imagen similar
a la preimagen, aunque no necesariamente congruente.
10. Si el factor de escala de una dilatación es negativo,
entonces la imagen será más pequeña que la preimagen.
11. La magnitud de simetría de una figura es 360° dividido
entre el orden de simetría de la figura.
12. La isometría produce figuras congruentes.

Paso 2 Después de completar el Capítulo 9

• Vuelve a leer cada enunciado y completa la última columna con una A o una D.
• ¿Cambió cualquiera de tus opiniones sobre los enunciados de la primera columna?
• En una hoja de papel aparte, escribe un ejemplo de por qué estás en desacuerdo con los
enunciados que marcaste con una D.

Capítulo 9 4 Geometría de Glencoe

 NAME DATE PERIOD

9-1 Study Guide and Intervention

Reflections
Draw Reflections A reflection is a flip of a figure in a line called the line of
reflection. Each point of the preimage and its corresponding point on the image are the
same distance from the line. A reflection maps a point to its image. If the point is on the
line of reflection, then the image and preimage are the same point. If the point does not lie
on the line of reflection, the line of reflection is the perpendicular bisector of the segment
joining the two points.

Example Construct the image of quadrilateral ABCD under a reflection in

line m .

Lesson 9-1
C A
D

B
m
B'

C' D' A'

Draw a perpendicular from each vertex of the quadrilateral to m. Find vertices A', B', C',
and D' that are the same distance from m on the other side of m. The image is A' B' C' D'.

Exercises
Use the figure and given line of reflection. Then draw the reflected image in this
line using a ruler.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

1. 2. M 3. R S
m L
N
Q
K T
O
H
P t U
J p

"
4. 5. 6.

r & #

; 8
-
/
% $ : 9 a

.

Chapter 9 5 Glencoe Geometry

NAME DATE PERIOD

9-1 Study Guide and Intervention (continued)

Draw Reflections In The Coordinate Plane Reflections can be performed in the

coordinate plane. Each point of the image and its corresponding point on the preimage must
be the same distance from the line of reflection.
• To reflect a point in the x-axis, multiply its y-coordinate by −1.
• To reflect a point in the y-axis, multiply its x-coordinate by −1.
• To reflect a point in the line y = x, interchange the x-and y-coordinates.

Example y E
Quadrilateral DEFG has vertices D(-2, 3), E(4, 4),
D
F(3, -2), and G(-3, -1). Find the image under reflection in F'
the x-axis. G'

To find an image for a reflection in the x-axis, use the same O x

x-coordinate and multiply the y-coordinate by -1. In symbols, G
(a, b) → (a, -b). The new coordinates are D'(-2, -3), E'(4, -4), F
D'
F'(3, 2), and G'(-3, 1). The image is D' E' F' G'. E'

y
Exercises '
(
Graph FGH and its image in the given line.

1. x = -1 2. y = 1
0 x
)

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Graph quadrilateral ABCD and its image in the given line. #

3. y = 0 4. x = 1 "

$
%

Graph each figure and its image under the given reflection.

5. DEF with D(-2, -1), E(-1, 3), 6. ABCD with A(1, 4), B(3, 2), C(2, -2),
F(3, -1) in the x-axis D(-3, 1) in the y-axis
y y

O x O x

Chapter 9 6 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME DATE PERIOD

9-1 Skills Practice

Reflections
Use the given figure and line of reflection. Draw the image in this line
using a ruler.

1. " 2. B

# $ +
,
%
ŏ

.
-

Lesson 9-1
3. 8 9 4. L

: ; m 5 6

3 4

COORDINATE GEOMETRY Graph each figure and its image under the given
reflection.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

5. ABC with vertices A(-3, 2), B(0, 1), 6. trapezoid DEFG with vertices D(0, -3),
and C(-2, -3) in the line y = x E(1, 3), F(3, 3), and G(4, -3) in the y-axis

y y

O x O x

7. parallelogram RSTU with vertices 8. square KLMN with vertices K(-1, 0),
R(-2, 3), S(2, 4), T(2, -3) and L(-2, 3), M(1, 4), and N(2, 1) in
U(-2, -4) in the line y = x the x-axis
y y

O x O x

Chapter 9 7 Glencoe Geometry

NAME DATE PERIOD

9-1 Practice
Reflections
Use the figure and given line of reflection. Then draw the reflected image in this
line using a ruler.

1.  2.


COORDINATE GEOMETRY Graph each figure and its image under the given
reflection.

3. quadrilateral ABCD with vertices 4. FGH with vertices F(-3, -1), G(0, 4)
A(-3, 3), B(1, 4), C(4, 0), and and H(3, -1) in the line y = x
D(-3, -3) in the line y = x
y y

O x O x

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

5. rectangle QRST with vertices Q(-3, 2), 6. trapezoid HIJK with vertices H(-2, 5),
R(-1, 4), S(2, 1), and T(0, -1) I(2, 5), J(-4, -1), and K(-4, 3)
in the x-axis in the y-axis
y y

O x
O x

Chapter 9 8 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME DATE PERIOD

9-1 Word Problem Practice

Reflections
1. REFLECTIONS Vincent is making a star. 4. INTERIOR DESIGN Wilfred hired an
Complete the star by drawing the interior designer to layout the furniture
reflected image of the figure in line m. in his bedroom. The designer produced
the plan shown in the figure.
Unfortunately, Lamp
Wilfred’s window Desk

Table
m is located on the
opposite wall from

Window
the plan. Wilfred Bed

Lesson 9-1
decided to just
reflect the plan

Bureau
2. SHAPES Maria placed a paper cutout on over the vertical
a table and then left to get some glue. line through the
Her friend James flipped over the cutout center of the room.
without telling Maria. Still, when Maria Draw the reflected plan.
came back it was impossible for her to be
able to see that anything had been
changed. Draw a line through the figure
that represents the line over which
James must have flipped the figure.

5. TRIANGLES Casey drew this triangle on

the coordinate plane.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

3. MIRRORS Tylia drew a shape on a piece

of paper and set up a mirror up next to
it on her desk. The shape and its image O 5 x
in the mirror are shown below. Draw a
line to show where Tylia’s mirror must
have been set up. a. What are the vertices of the image of
this triangle if it is reflected over the
y-axis?

b. What are the vertices of the image of

this triangle if it is reflected over the
line y = x?

Chapter 9 9 Glencoe Geometry

NAME DATE PERIOD

9-1 Enrichment

Reflections in the Coordinate Plane (x, y) → (-x + 6, y)

y
Study the diagram at the right. It shows how the
B Y
triangle ABC is mapped onto triangle XYZ by the
transformation (x, y) → (-x + 6, y). Notice that XYZ A X
is the reflection image with respect to the vertical
line with equation x = 3. O x

1. Prove that the vertical line with equation x = 3 is the C Z

perpendicular bisector of the segment with endpoints
x=3
(x, y) and (-x + 6, y). (Hint: Use the midpoint formula.)

2. Every transformation of the form (x, y) → (-x + 2h, y) is

a reflection with respect to the vertical line with equation
x = h. What kind of transformation is (x, y) → (x, -y + 2k)?

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Draw the transformation image for each figure and the given
transformation. Is it a reflection? If so, with respect to what line?

3. (x, y) → (-x - 4, y) 4. (x, y) → (x, -y + 8)

y y

O x O x

Chapter 9 10 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME DATE PERIOD

9-2 Study Guide and Intervention

Translations
Draw Translations A translation is a transformation that moves all points of a figure
the same distance in the same direction. Vectors can be used to describe the distance and
direction of the translation.
"'
Example Draw the translation of the
figure along the translation vector. "

Draw a line through each vertex parallel to "

vector ⎯⎯⎯
u . Measure the length of vector ⎯⎯⎯
u.
Locate the image of each point by marking $'
#'
off this distance along the line through each
vertex. Start at the vertex and move in the
same direction as the vector. # $ V # $

Exercises
Use the figure and the given translation vector. Then draw the translation of the
figure along the translation vector.

Lesson 9-2
1. 5 2.

8
6 
N
7
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

S + ,

3. 4.

+ (

W % " ŏ
* )
$ #

5. . 6. ' %

U &
1 /
0
C

Chapter 9 11 Glencoe Geometry

NAME DATE PERIOD

9-2 Study Guide and Intervention (continued)

Translations
Translations In The Coordinate Plane A vector can be used to translate a figure
on the coordinate plane when written in the form 〈a, b〉 where a represents the horizontal
change and b represents the vertical change from the vector’s tip to its tail.

Example y
Rectangle RECT has vertices R(−2, −1), E C
E(−2, 2), C(3, 2), and T(3, −1). Graph the figure and its image E' C'
along the vector 〈2, −1〉.
O x
The vector indicates a translation 2 units right and 1 unit down. R T
R' T'
(x, y) → (x + 2, y −1)
R( −2, −1) → R' (0, −2)
E(−2, 2) → E' (0, 1)
C(3, 2) → C' (5, 1)
T(3, −1) → T' (5, −2)
Graph RECT and its image R' E' C' T'.

Exercises
Graph each figure and its image along the given vector.

1. quadrilateral TUVW with vertices T(-3, -8), U(-6, 3), V(3, 0), and W(0, 3); 〈4, 5〉
8

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

4

−8 −4 0 4 8x
−4

−8

2. QRS with vertices Q(2, 5), R(7, 1), and S(−1, 2); 〈−1, −2〉
y
8

−8 −4 0 4 8x
−4

−8

3. parallelogram ABCD with vertices A(1, 6), B(4, 5), C(1, −1), and D(−2, 0); 〈3, −2〉
y
8

−8 −4 0 4 8x
−4

−8

Chapter 9 12 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME DATE PERIOD

9-2 Skills Practice

Translations
Use the figure and the given translation vector. Then draw the translation
of the figure along the translation vector.

1. -' 2. 
7 5 R
0' .' 
Q
7' 5'
/' - 6
0 .
6'
/
3. 4. "
#
4 1
&
3

$ S
2

W "' %
#'

Lesson 9-2
&'

$'
%'

Graph each figure and its image along the given vector.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

5. JKL with vertices J(−4, −4), 6. quadrilateral LMNP with vertices L(4, 2),
K(−2, −1), and L(2, −4); 〈2, 5〉 M(4, −1), N(0, -1), and P(1, 4); 〈-4, -3〉

y y

O x O x

Chapter 9 13 Glencoe Geometry

NAME DATE PERIOD

9-2 Practice
Translations
Use the figure and the given translation vector. Then draw the translation of the
figure along the given translation vector.

1. 2. 9

% " W ; :

$ #
C

Graph each figure and its image along the given vector.

3. quadrilateral TUWX with vertices 4. pentagon DEFGH with vertices D(-1, -2),
T(-1, 1), U(4, 2), W(1, 5), and X(-1, 3); E(2, -1), F(5, -2), G(4, -4), and H(1, -4);
〈-2, -4〉 〈-1, 5〉
y y

O x
O x

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

ANIMATION Find the translation that moves the figure y
on the coordinate plane. 4

5. figure 1 → figure 2 3
O 2 x

1
6. figure 2 → figure 3

7. figure 3 → figure 4

Chapter 9 14 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME DATE PERIOD

9-2 Word Problem Practice

Translations
1. TRANSLATIONS Wynette wants to see 4. A TALE OF TWO TRANSLATIONS
the translation of the five-sided figure Lacy performs the translation
shown below. Draw the translation so (x, y) → (x + 5, y + 3) to an object in the
that the indicated vertex is translated to coordinate plane. Kyle performs the
the location of the dot. translation (x, y) → (x – 4, y + 2) to the
same object after Lacy. What single
translation could have been done to
achieve the same effect as Lacy and
Kyle’s combined translations? Would the
result have been different if Kyle did his
translation first?
2. WALLPAPER A wallpaper design
consists of repeated translations of a
single isosceles triangle. The pattern is
shown overlaid on a coordinate plane. 5. SQUARES AND CIRCLES
The space above the triangle around the
y
coordinate (5, 1) should be filled with a

Lesson 9-2
missing triangle. What are the 5
C
coordinates of the vertices of the triangle
that fill this space consistently with the
rest of the pattern?
-5 O 5 x
y
5
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

S -5
S'

O 5 x
a. The image of square S under a
translation is square S'. Describe this
translation.

3. REFLECTIONS Gus reflects an object

twice. The first step is to reflect it over b. Draw the image of the circle C under
the line y = –1. Then Gus completes the the same translation that you
composite reflection by reflecting it over described in Exercise a.
the line y = 1. The net effect is a
translation of the object. Describe this
translation.

Chapter 9 15 Glencoe Geometry

NAME DATE PERIOD

9-2 Enrichment

Translations in The Coordinate Plane

You can use algebraic descriptions of reflections to show that
two reflections over a pair of parallel lines is a translation
(that is, a slide).

1. Suppose a and b are two different real numbers. Let S and T be

the following reflections.

S: (x, y) → (-x + 2a, y)

T: (x, y) → (-x + 2b, y)

S is reflection with respect to the line with equation x = a, and T is

reflection with respect to the line with equation x = b.

a. Find an algebraic description (similar to those above for S and T)

to describe the composite transformation “S followed by T.”

b. Find an algebraic description for the composite transformation

“T followed by S.”

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

2. Think about the results you obtained in Exercise 1. What do they
tell you about how the distance between two parallel lines is
related to the distance between a preimage and image point for two
reflections with respect to these lines?

3. Illustrate your answers to Exercises 1 and 2 with sketches. Use a separate sheet if
necessary.

Chapter 9 16 Glencoe Geometry

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9-2 Graphing Calculator Activity

Cabri Junior: Translating Polygons
Polygons can be translated using the F4 function of Cabri Junior. When performing
translations in Cabri Jr., the coordinates of the original polygon and the translated
polygon cannot be found. This activity focuses simply on translating a polygon.

Example Use Cabri Junior to translate a triangle in the direction and

magnitude (length) of a given vector.

Step 1 Use Cabri Junior to draw and label a triangle.

• Select F2 Triangle to draw a triangle.
• Move the cursor to where you want the first vertex. Press ENTER .
• Repeat this procedure to determine the next two vertices of the triangle.
• Select F5 Alph-num to label each vertex.
• Mover the cursor to a vertex, press ENTER , enter A, and press ENTER again.
• Repeat this procedure to label vertex B and vertex C.

Step 2 Draw a segment to define the direction and magnitude of the translation.
• Select F2 Segment.
• Place two points and use F5 Alph-num to label the endpoints X and Y.

Lesson 9-2
Step 3 Transform ABC using the endpoints of the segment drawn
in Step 2.
• Select F4 Translation.
• Move the cursor to highlight the triangle. (You will know
the triangle is highlighted when the sides of the triangle
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

appear as a running dashed line.) Press ENTER .

• Move the cursor to X. Press ENTER .
• Move the cursor to Y. Press ENTER .
• The translated triangle appears on the screen. Label the vertices of this triangle
D, E, and F.

Exercises
Examine your drawings.
1. Were you able to see all of the parts of the translated triangle?
2. Compare the corresponding vertices. What do you notice?
3. Describe the translation in terms of horizontal and vertical movement. Make a
conjecture.
Use Cabri Junior to test a translation of a regular polygon.
4. Draw a regular polygon.
5. Draw a vector in a different direction.
6. Translate the regular polygon and compare the vertices of the preimage and the image.
7. Does your conjecture in Exercise 3 about describing translations hold true?

Chapter 9 17 Glencoe Geometry

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9-2 Geometer’s Sketchpad Activity

Translating Polygons with Vectors
Polygons can be translated using The Geometer’s Sketchpad, but the coordinates of the
original polygon and the translated polygon cannot be found. The activity below focuses on
simply translating a polygon.

Example Use The Geometer’s Sketchpad to translate a triangle in the

direction and magnitude (length) of a given vector.

Step 1: Draw three line segments to create

triangle ABC.

Step 2: A vector is needed beside the

triangle in order to determine how X
the triangle is to be translated, that
is, the direction and magnitude of the A
translation. To draw a vector, draw Y
and label two points to
D
represent the beginning and the end
of the vector. Then select the two
points and choose Mark Vector from
the Transform menu. B
C
Step 3: Now translate the triangle by
E
selecting it and choosing Translate
in the Transform menu. Click on F
the button by Marked Vector in the

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

dialog box. Label the vertices of this
triangle D, E, and F.

Exercises
Examine your drawings.
1. Were you able to see all of the parts of the translated triangle?
2. Compare the corresponding vertices. What do you notice?
3. Describe the translation in terms of horizontal and vertical movement. Make a conjecture.
Use the Geometer’s Sketchpad to test a translation of a regular polygon.
4. Draw a regular polygon.
5. Draw a vector in a different direction.
6. Translate the regular polygon and compare the vertices of the preimage and the image.
7. Does your conjecture in Exercise 3 about describing translations hold true?

Chapter 9 18 Glencoe Geometry

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9-3 Study Guide and Intervention

Rotations
Draw Rotations A rotation is a transformation that moves every point of the preimage
through a specified angle, x°, and direction about a fixed point called the center of
rotation.
• If the point being rotated is the center of rotation, then the image and preimage are the
same point.
• If the point being rotated is not the center of rotation, then the image and preimage are
the same distance from the center of rotation and the measure of the angle of rotation
formed by the preimage, center of rotation, and image points is x.

Example Use a protractor and ruler to draw a 110° -

rotation of square LMNO about point P.
0
.
1
/

Step 1 Draw a segment from - Step 2 Draw a 110° angle -

−−
vertex L to point P. 0
using PL as one side. 0
. 110° .
1 1
/ /

Step 3 Use a ruler to draw L' - Step 4 Repeat steps 1–3 .'
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

such that PL' = PL. 0

for vertices M, N, -' -
-' /'
110° . and O and draw square 0

Lesson 9-3
1 L' M' N' O'. .
0'
/ 1
/

Exercises
Use a protractor and a ruler to draw the specified rotation of each figure about
point K.

1. 75° 2. 45° 3. 135°

2 "
3
,
, %
5 , #
4
'
( $

Chapter 9 19 Glencoe Geometry

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9-3 Study Guide and Intervention (continued)

Rotations
Draw Rotations In The Coordinate Plane The following rules can be used to
rotate a point 90°, 180°, or 270° counterclockwise about the origin in the coordinate plane.

To rotate Procedure

90° multiply the y-coordinate by −1 and then interchange the x- and y-coordinates

180° multiply the x- and y-coordinates by −1

270° multiply the x-coordinate by −1 and then interchange the x-and y-coordinates.

Example Parallelogram WXYZ has vertices W(−2, 4), y

8
X(3, 6), Y(5, 2), and Z(0, 0). Graph parallelogram WXYZ and its 9
image after a rotation of 270° about the origin. 8
4
8'
; :
Multiply the x-coordinate by −1 and then interchange the
−8 −4 ;' 0 4 8x
x- and y-coordinates.
−4
9'
(x, y) → ( y, −x) :'
W(−2, 4) → W'(4, 2) −8

X(3, 6) → X'(6, −3)

Y(5, 2) → Y'(2, −5)
Z(0, 0) → Z'(0, 0)

Exercises

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Graph each figure and its image after the specified rotation about the origin.

1. trapezoid FGHI has vertices F(7, 7), 2. LMN has vertices L(−1, −1),
G(9, 2), H(3, 2), and I(5, 7); 90° M(0, −4), and N(−6, −2); 90°
y y
8 8

4 4
0
−8 −4 0 4 8x −8 −4 4 8x

−4 −4

−8 −8

3. ABC has vertices A(−3, 5), B(0, 2), 4. parallelogram PQRS has vertices P(4, 7),
and C(−5, 1); 180° Q(6, 6), R(3, -2), and S(1, -1); 270°
y y
8 8

4
4
0
−8 −4 4 8x
0
−8 −4 4 8x
−4
−4
−8
−8

Chapter 9 20 Glencoe Geometry

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9-3 Skills Practice

Rotations
Use a protractor and ruler to draw the specified rotation of each figure about
point K.

1. 30° 2. 150°
( )
2 , ,

3
+
1 3

Graph each figure and its image after the specified rotation about the origin.

3. STU has vertices S(2, −1), T(5, 1) and 4. DEF has vertices D(−4, 3), E(1, 2), and
U(3, 3); 90° F(−3, −3); 180°
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Lesson 9-3
5. quadrilateral WXYZ has vertices 6. trapezoid ABCD has vertices A(9, 0),
W(−1, 8), X(0, 4), Y(−2, 1) and B(6, −7), C(3, −7) and D(0, 0); 270°
Z(−4, 3); 180°

y y

0 x 0 x

Chapter 9 21 Glencoe Geometry

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9-3 Practice
Rotations
Use a protractor and ruler to draw the specified rotation of each figure about
point K.

1. 110° 2. 280°
/ ,

. 1

1
6
0 ,
5 4
Graph each figure and its image after the specified rotation about the origin.

3. PQR with vertices P(1, 3), Q(3, −2) 4. ABC with vertices A(−4, 4), B(−2, −1)
and R(4, 2); 90° and C(2, −4); 270°
y y

0 x 0 x

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

5. quadrilateral WXYZ with vertices 6. trapezoid FGHI with vertices F(8, 7),
W(1, 3), X(3, 1), Y(-5, 6) G(5, 8), H(-3, -7) and I(-7, -2); 90°
and Z(-6, 5); 180°
y
y 8
8

4 4

x x
−8 −4 0 4 8
−8 −4 0 4 8
−4
−4
−8
−8

7. NAVIGATION A boat travels 30 miles north, 20 miles east and 40 miles northeast.
What is the angle of rotation of the boat’s direction from the start to the end?

Chapter 9 22 Glencoe Geometry

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9-3 Word Problem Practice

Rotations
1. COMPASS A damaged compass points 5. TESSELLATIONS A tessellation is when
northwest. If you travel west by the a single shape is repeated to tile a plane
compass, what is your angle of rotation with no gaps or overlaps. Below is an
to true north? example of triangle RST rotated
around the point R. This forms a
tessellation.
2. FLYERS Nicki is making a flyer that
contains a large capital “M”.
3

M
She decides that she needs to rotate the
5 4
“M” clockwise by 60°. Draw the rotated
image. Determine if the following shapes can
form a tessellation by rotating around
the given point.

a.

3. ROTATIONS Mariah is looking at her

sink. The mark on the faucet for the cold
water is shown below. 3
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Lesson 9-3
b.
What angle does she need to rotate the
faucet so that its mark has the correct 3
orientation?

4. MAGNITUDES A circular dial with the

digits 0 through 9 evenly spaced around
its edge can be rotated clockwise 36°. c.
How many times would you have to
perform this rotation in order to bring
the dial back to its original orientation? 3

Chapter 9 23 Glencoe Geometry

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9-3 Enrichment

Finding the Center of Rotation m

Suppose you are told that X' Y' Z' is the 
rotation image of XYZ, but you are not told
Z
where the center of rotation is nor the measure Y
of the angle of rotation. Can you find them? Yes,
you can. Connect two pairs of corresponding
vertices with segments. In the figure, the Z
segments YY' and ZZ' are used. Draw the Y
X
perpendicular bisectors,  and m of these X
segments. The point C, where  and m intersect
is the center of rotation.

1. How can you find the measure of the angle

of rotation in the figure above?

Locate the center of rotation for the rotation that maps WXYZ onto W' X' Y' Z'.
Then find the measure of the angle of rotation.

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

2. Y' 3. W⬘

X⬘
X'
W'
Y⬘ Z⬘
Z'

Z
Z W

Y
Y
X
W X

Chapter 9 24 Glencoe Geometry

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9-4 Study Guide and Intervention

Compositions of Transformations
Glide Reflections When two transformations are applied to a figure, one after another,
the total transformation is a composition of transformations. A glide reflection is a
translation followed by a reflection in a line parallel to the translation vector. Notice that
the composition of isometries is another isometry.

Example Triangle ABC has vertices A(3, 3), B(4, -2) and C(-1, -3). Graph
ABC and its image after a translation along〈-2, -1〉 and a reflection in the
x-axis.
Step 1 translation along 〈-2, -1〉 Step 2 reflection in the x-axis.
(x, y) → (x - 2, y - 1) (x, y) → (x, -y)
A(3, 3) → A(1, 2) A(1, 2) → A(1, -2)
B(4, -2) → B(2, -3) B(2, -3) → B(2, 3)
C(-1, -3) → C(-3, -4) C(-3, -4) → C(-3, 4)
y

Step 3 Graph ABC and its image ABC.

0 x

Exercises
Triangle XYZ has vertices X(6, 5), Y(7, -4) and Z(5, -5).
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Graph XYZ and its image after the indicated glide reflection.

1. Translation: along 〈1, 2〉 2. Translation: along 〈-3, 4〉

Reflection: in y-axis Reflection: in x-axis
y y

0 x 0 x

3. Translation: along 〈2, 0〉 4. Translation: along 〈-1, 3〉 Lesson 9-4

Reflection: in x = y Reflection: in x-axis
10 10
y y
8 8
6 6
4 4
2 2
0 x 0 x
-10-8-6-4-2
-2 2 4 6 8 10 10-8-6-4-2
-2 2 4 6 8 10
-4 -4
-6 -6
-8 -8
-10 -10

Chapter 9 25 Glencoe Geometry

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9-4 Study Guide and Intervention (continued)

Composition of Transformations
Compositions of Reflections The composition of two reflections in parallel lines is
the same as a translation. The compositions of two reflections in intersecting lines is the
same as a rotation.

Example Copy and reflect figure A in line  and then line m. Then describe a
single transformation that maps A onto A.
Step 1 Reflect A in line ℓ. Step 2 Reflect A in line m.

" " "

"' "'

 
 "''
m m
m

The compositions of two parallel lines is the same as a translation.

Exercises
Copy and reflect figure P in line a and then line b. Then describe a single

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

transformation that maps P onto P.

1. a 2.
1 a
50°
b
b 1

3. 4.
1
a
b
125°
1
b
a

Chapter 9 26 Glencoe Geometry

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9-4 Skills Practice

Compositions of Transformations
−− −−
Figure DE has vertices D(1, 3) and E(3, −3). Graph DE and its image after the
indicated transformation.

1. Translation: along 〈0, −2〉 2. Translation: along 〈1, 2〉

Reflection: in x-axis Reflection: in y-axis
y y

0 x 0 x

3. Translation: along 〈-2, -1〉 4. Reflection: in x-axis

Rotation: 270° about the origin Rotation: 90° about the origin
y y

0 x 0 x
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Copy and reflect figure F in line u and then line v. Then describe a single
transformation that maps F into F.

5. u 6. u v
' ' 1

JO
2
v
25°

Lesson 9-4

7. u 8. u
'

45°
v v

Chapter 9 27 Glencoe Geometry

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9-4 Practice
Composition of Transformations
Triangle ABC has vertices A(1, 3), B(−2, −1) and C(3, −2). Graph ABC and its
image after the indicated glide reflection.
1. Translation: along 〈2, 0〉 2. Translation: along 〈−1, 1〉
Reflection: in y-axis Reflection: in y = x
y y

0 x 0 x

3. Translation: along 〈-1, 2〉 4. Translation: along 〈0, 2〉

Reflection: in x = y Reflection: in y-axis
y
y

0 x
0
x

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Copy and reflect figure F in line x and then line y. Then describe a single
transformation that maps F into F.

5. y 6. y '
x
'

80°
120°
x

7. 8. y
'
x y

0 x
1 in.
'

Chapter 9 28 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME DATE PERIOD

9-4 Word Problem Practice

Compositions of Transformations
1. CONSTRUCTION To make a bridge 4. REASONING When a rotation and a
structurally sound, its base must be a reflection are performed as a composition
reflection along the center line of the of transformations on an image, does the
river. Given the base on one side of the order of the transformations affect the
river, draw the other base. location of the final image sometimes,
always or never? Explain.

5. BORDERS Describe the transformations

that are combined to create each border.
2. PATTERNS Describe the transformations
that are combined to create the carpet a.
pattern.

b.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

c.

Lesson 9-4
3. FIND THE ERROR Surish says a
reflection in the x-axis and then a
reflection in the y-axis is the same as
rotating by 180° about the origin.
Thomas says a reflection in the x-axis
and then a reflection in the y-axis is the
same as reflecting in the line y = x. Is
either of them correct? Explain your
reasoning.

Chapter 9 29 Glencoe Geometry

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9-4 Enrichment

Computer Graphics
An isometry is any transformation that preserves
the distance between points. However, not every
transformation is an isometry; some transformations
distort the distance between points.
In computer graphics it is necessary to distort images
to give the illusion of depth or movement. For instance,
if something looks larger, it seems closer to you. If an
object looks smaller, it seems farther away from you.
To give this illusion, a scaling is done to an image.
This either increases or decreases the size of an object by the scale factor.

Example Scale the shaded image at the right, using a scale

factor of 1:3.
3
Increase the size of each side by − , or 3. You can use a
1
ruler to help you. Measure the length of each side and then
increase that measurement by a scale factor of 3.

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Exercises
Scale the shaded image at the right using the appropriate scale
factor. Use a ruler to help you.

1. 1:5 2. 2:3

3. 4:5 4. 2:1

5. 6:1 6. 4:3

Chapter 9 30 Glencoe Geometry

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9-5 Study Guide and Intervention

Symmetry
Symmetry In Two-Dimensional Figures A two-dimensional figure has line
symmetry if the figure can be mapped onto itself by a reflection in a line called the line of
symmetry. A figure in a plane has rotational symmetry if the figure can be mapped onto
itself by a rotation between 0° and 360° about the center of the figure, called the center of
symmetry.

Example 1 State whether Example 2 State whether

the figure appears to have line the figure appears to have
symmetry. If so, draw all lines rotational symmetry. If so, 90°
of symmetry, and state their locate the center of symmetry
number. and state the order and
magnitude of symmetry.
The heart has line symmetry.
It has one line of symmetry. The figure has rotational symmetry. The
figure has order 4 symmetry and magnitude
of 360 ÷ 4 or 90°. The center of symmetry is
the intersection of the diagonals.

Exercises
State whether the figure appears to have line symmetry. Write yes or no. If so,
draw all lines of symmetry and state their number.

1. 2. 3.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

State whether the figure has rotational symmetry. Write yes or no. If so, locate the
center of symmetry, and state the order and magnitude of symmetry.

4. 5. 6.
Lesson 9-5

Chapter 9 31 Glencoe Geometry

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9-5 Study Guide and Intervention (continued)

Symmetry
Symmetry In Three-Dimensional Figures A three-dimensional figure has plane
symmetry if the figure can be mapped onto itself by a reflection in a plane. A three-
dimensional figure has axis symmetry if the figure can be mapped onto itself by a rotation
between 0° and 360° in a line.

Example State whether the figure has plane symmetry, axis symmetry, both,
or neither.
a. b.

The cylinder has plane symmetry. The letter N has plane symmetry.
The cylinder has axis symmetry.

Exercises
State whether the figure has plane symmetry, axis symmetry, both, or neither.

1. 2.

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

3. 4.

5. 6.

Chapter 9 32 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME DATE PERIOD

9-5 Skills Practice

Symmetry
State whether the figure appears to have line symmetry. Write yes or no. If so,
draw all lines of symmetry and state their number.

1. 2.

3. 4.

State whether the figure has rotational symmetry. Write yes or no. If so, locate the
center of symmetry, and state the order and magnitude of symmetry.

5. 6.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

7. 8.

State whether the figure has plane symmetry, axis symmetry, both, or neither.

9. 10.
Lesson 9-5

Chapter 9 33 Glencoe Geometry

NAME DATE PERIOD

9-5 Practice
Symmetry
State whether the figure has line symmetry. Write yes or no. If so, draw all lines of
symmetry and state their number.

1. 2. 3.

State whether the figure has rotational symmetry. Write yes or no. If so, locate the
center of symmetry and state the order and magnitude of symmetry.

4. 5. 6.

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

State whether the figure has plane symmetry, axis symmetry, both, or neither.

7. 8.

9. STEAMBOATS A paddle wheel on a steamboat is driven by a steam engine that rotates

the paddles attached to the wheel to propel the boat through the water. If a paddle
wheel consists of 18 evenly spaced paddles, identify the order and magnitude of its
rotational symmetry.

Chapter 9 34 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME DATE PERIOD

9-5 Word Problem Practice

Symmetry
1. LETTERS Examine each capital letter in 5. PLACE SETTINGS Kelly is designing
the alphabet. Determine which letters how she wants to put the place settings
have 180° rotational symmetry about a for her party. She wants the tables to be
point in the center of the letter. set up symmetrically with the design
that is on the table. First she places
plates shown.

2. POLYGONS A regular polygon has

rotational symmetry with an order of 5
and a magnitude of 72°. What is the
figure?

a. What is the order and magnitude of

3. HUBCAPS Steve found the hubcaps the rotational symmetry of the figure?
shown below at his local junkyard. Do
the hubcaps appear to have line
symmetry?
b. Make the least possible number of the
additions of plates to the figure so
that the table has rotational
symmetry of order 4 around its center.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

4. SYMMETRY Martha made the figure

shown. How many lines of symmetry
does the figure have? c. Is it possible to rearrange the
locations of the 4 plates in the original
figure so that (1) their distance from
the center of the table does not
change,(2) their centers remain
somewhere on the rectangle design,
and (3) the resulting figure has a
rotational symmetry of order 4? If so,
draw the figure. If not, explain why.
Lesson 9-5

Chapter 9 35 Glencoe Geometry

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9-5 Enrichment

Symmetry in Quadrilaterals
Different types of quadrilaterals have different numbers
of lines of symmetry. Did you know that the only quadrilateral
with exactly four lines of symmetry is a square? You can define
quadrilaterals by the number of lines of symmetry they contain.

All rectangles that are not squares have exactly two lines of symmetry.

All isosceles trapezoids have exactly one line of symmetry.

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Exercises
Look at the statements below. Determine whether each statement is true or false.
Draw a counterexample for each false statement.

1. All rhombi have exactly two lines of symmetry.

2. Kites have exactly two lines of symmetry.

3. A trapezoid that is not isosceles has no lines of symmetry.

4. All parallelograms have exactly two lines of symmetry.

5. GENERALIZE Think about quadrilaterals and rotational symmetry. Write some

generalizations of your own about rotational symmetry and quadrilaterals.

Chapter 9 36 Glencoe Geometry

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9-6 Study Guide and Intervention

Dilations
Draw Dilations A dilation is a similarity transformation that enlarges or reduces a

Lesson 9-6
figure proportionally. Dilations are completed with respect to a center point and a scale
factor.

Example Draw the dilation image of

B'

ABC with center O and r = 2. B B

C'
, OB
Draw OA , and OC. Label points A, B, and C C C
O O
so that OA = 2(OA), OB = 2(OB) and
A A
OC = 2(OC). connect the points to draw ABC. A'
ABC is a dilation of ABC.

Exercises
Use a ruler to draw the image of the figure under a dilation with center S and the
scale factor r indicated.
1
1. r = 2 4 2. r = − 4
# 2

" 3

$ 5
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

3. r = 1 4. r = 3
8 4
$
5
4
; 9

2
5. r = − 6. r = 1
3
1
(
. 3
' )
4 7 4
8 , +

Chapter 9 37 Glencoe Geometry

NAME DATE PERIOD

9-6 Study Guide and Intervention (continued)

Dilations
Dilations In The Coordinate Plane To find the coordinates of an image after a
dilation centered at the origin, multiply the x- and y-coordinates of each point on the
preimage by the scale factor of the dilation, r.
(x, y) → (rx, ry)

Example ABC has vertices A(−2, −2), B(1, −1), and C(0, 2). Find the image
of ABC after a dilation centered at the origin with a scale factor of 2.
Multiply the x- and y-coordinates of each vertex by
the scale factor, 2. y
(x, y) (2x, 2y)
A(−2, −2), A(−4, −4)
B(1, −1) B(2, −2) $ $'
0 x
C(0, 2) C(0, 4) " #
Graph ABC and its image ABC #'

"'
Exercises
Graph the image of each polygon with the given vertices after a dilation centered
at the origin with the given scale factor.

1. E(-2, -2), F(-2, 4), G(2, 4), H(2, -2); 3. A(-2, -2), B(-1, 2), C(2, 1); r = 2

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

r = 0.5
y y

0
0 x x

2. A(0, 0), B(3, 3), C(6, 3), D(6, -3), 4. A(2, 2), B(3, 4), C(5, 2); r = 2.5
1
E(3, -3); r = −
3
y y
14
12
10
8
6
0 x
4
2
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 x

Chapter 9 38 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME DATE PERIOD

9-6 Skills Practice

Dilations
Use the figure and point C. Then use a ruler to draw the image of the figure under

Lesson 9-6
a dilation with center C and the scale factor r indicated.
1
1. r = 2 2. r = −
4

C C

Determine whether the dilation from Figure K to K' is an enlargement or a

reduction. Then find the scale factor of the dilation and x.

3. 4.
,' 2

,' 5
5
Y
7
, ,

Y
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Find the image of each polygon with the given vertices after a dilation centered at
the origin with the given scale factor.

5. J(2, 4), K(4, 4), P(3, 2); r = 2 6. D(–2, 0), G(0, 2), F(2, –2); r = 1.5

y y

O x

O x

Chapter 9 39 Glencoe Geometry

NAME DATE PERIOD

9-6 Practice
Dilations
Use a ruler to draw the image of the figure under a dilation with center C and the
indicated scale factor r.
3 2
1. r = − 2. r = −
2 3

Determine whether the dilation from K to K is an enlargement or a reduction.

Then find the scale factor of the dilation and x.

3. 4.
,'

,'
,

10 15 1

Y 2

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

,
'

Graph the image of each polygon with the given vertices after a dilation centered
at the origin with the given scale factor.
3
5. A(1, 1), C(2, 3), D(4, 2), E(3, 1); r = 0.5 6. Q(-1, -1), R(0, 2), S(2, 1); r = −
2
y y

O x

O x

5
7. PHOTOGRAPHY Estebe enlarged a 4-inch by 6-inch photograph by a factor of − .
2
What are the new dimensions of the photograph?

Chapter 9 40 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME DATE PERIOD

9-6 Word Problem Practice

Dilations
1. CENTERS Margot superimposed the 4. COORDINATES Leila drew a polygon

Lesson 9-6
image of the with coordinates (-1, 2), (1, 2), (1, -2),
dilation of a and (-1, -2). She then dilated the image
figure on its and obtained another polygon with
original coordinates (-6, 12), (6, 12), (6, -12),
figure as and (-6, -12). What was the scale factor
shown. and center of this dilation?
Identify the
center of
this dilation.
Explain how you found it.
5. PLANS Fred drew the footprint of a
stage he was planning to build for his
band on a coordinate plane. He decided
he wanted to make it smaller because he
wanted to make sure it fit at every
venue.
y
2. SCALE FACTORS Tyrone drew a shape
5
together with one of its dilations on the
same coordinate plane as shown.
y
Image O
-5 5 x
5
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

-5

-5 O 5 x
Original figure
a. Graph the image of Fred’s stage after
a dilation centered at (0, 0) with scale
What is the scale factor of the dilation? factor 0.5.

3. DILATIONS Cara is making images for b. The perimeter of the image is

a poster. She wants 26 units. What is the perimeter of
to thicken the five the original figure?
pointed star shown
by dilating it, and
then filling in the
space between the
original and its
image. Sketch the dilated image with
the indicated center and a scale factor
of 1.5.

Chapter 9 41 Glencoe Geometry

NAME DATE PERIOD

9-6 Enrichment

Similar Circles
You may be surprised to learn that two noncongruent circles that lie
in the same plane and have no common interior points can be mapped
one onto the other by more than one dilation.

1. Here is diagram that suggests one way to

map a smaller circle onto a larger one using
a dilation. The circles are given. The lines
suggest how to find the center for the M'
dilation. Describe how the center is found. M
Use segments in the diagram to name the O A A'
scale factor.

2. Here is another pair of noncongruent circles with no common

interior point. From Exercise 1, you know you can locate a point
off to the left of the smaller circle that is the center for a dilation
mapping C onto C. Find another center for another dilation

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

that maps C onto C. Mark and label segments to name the
scale factor.

C C'

Chapter 9 42 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME DATE PERIOD

9 Student Recording Sheet

Use this recording sheet with pages 678–679 of the Student Edition.

Multiple Choice

Read each question. Then fill in the correct answer.

1. A B C D 4. F G H J 7. A B C D

2. F G H J 5. A B C D

3. A B C D 6. F G H J

Short Response/Gridded Response

Record your answer in the blank.

For gridded response questions, also enter your answer in the grid by writing
each number or symbol in a box. Then fill in the corresponding circle for that
number or symbol.

Assessment
8. 11. 13.

9. . . . . . . . . . .
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
10. 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

11. (grid in) 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4

5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
12.
7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
13. (grid in) 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9

14.

Extended Response
Record your answers for Question 15 on the back of this paper.

Chapter 9 43 Glencoe Geometry

NAME DATE PERIOD

9 Rubric for Scoring Extended-Response SCORE

General Scoring Guidelines

• If a student gives only a correct numerical answer to a problem but does not show
how he or she arrived at the answer, the student will be awarded only 1 credit.
All extended-response questions require the student to show work.
• A fully correct answer for a multiple-part question requires correct responses for
all parts of the question. For example, if a question has three parts, the correct
response to one or two parts of the question that required work to be shown is not
considered a fully correct response.
• Students who use trial and error to solve a problem must show their method.
Merely showing that the answer checks or is correct is not considered a complete
response for full credit.
Exercise 15 Rubric

Score Specific Criteria

4 A correct solution that is supported by well-developed, accurate
explanations. A correct scale of the model, the correct width of the model,
as well as the actual height the tower sits above the actual roadway are
all provided.
3 A generally correct solution, but may contain minor flaws in reasoning
or computation.

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

2 A partially correct interpretation and/or solution to the problem.
1 A correct solution with no evidence or explanation.
0 An incorrect solution indicating no mathematical understanding of the
concept or task, or no solution is given.

Chapter 9 44 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME DATE PERIOD

9 Chapter 9 Quiz 1 SCORE

(Lessons 9–1 and 9–2)

1. Name the coordinates of Q(6, -4) under a reflection in the

Assessment
x-axis. 1.

2. Name the coordinate of P(−5, 8) under a translation along the

vector 〈2, -1〉. 2.

3. Why is ABC with vertices A(-1, -2), B(0, 0), and

C(-6, 0) not a translation image of ABC with vertices
A(1, 2), B(0, 0), and C(6, 0)? 3.

4. The image of A(-3, -5) under a translation is A(6, -1).

Find the image of B(3, -2) under the same translation. 4.

y
5.

5. Draw the image of PQR with P(0, 4), Q(2, 8), and R(-3, 6)
reflected in the line x = 1. O x
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

NAME DATE PERIOD

9 Chapter 9 Quiz 2 SCORE

(Lesson 9–3)
1. Find the image of A(−2, 3) after a rotation of 180° about the 1.
origin.
Q
2. Use a protractor and ruler to draw a rotation of PQR 2.
70° about T. P
R

3. The line segment XY with endpoints X(3, 1) and Y(2, −2) is

rotated 90° about the origin. What are the new endpoints of X Y? 3.

4. Name three of the seven capital letters in the alphabet that

produce the same letter after being rotated 180°. 4.

5. MULTIPLE CHOICE Point Q with coordinate (−2, 3) is rotated

270° about the origin. Which of the following could be the
coordinates of its image?
A Q(−3, 2) B Q(2, −3) C Q(3, 2) D Q(−2, 3) 5.

Chapter 9 45 Glencoe Geometry

NAME DATE PERIOD

9 Chapter 9 Quiz 3 SCORE

(Lessons 9–4 and 9–5)

1. Find the image of U(−8, 1) after a translation along 〈2, 0〉 and

a reflection in the x-axis. 1.

2. Figure K is reflected over line p and then over line d. If lines p

and d are parallel and 2.8 ft apart, what single translation
maps K onto K "? 2.

For Questions 3–5, use the figure to the right.

3. Identify the line(s) of symmetry in the figure. 3.

4. Identify the center of symmetry for the figure 4.

5. What is the order and magnitude of symmetry for the figure? 5.

NAME DATE PERIOD

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

9 Chapter 9 Quiz 4 SCORE

(Lesson 9–6)
For Questions 1 and 2, use the dilation.
1. Determine whether the dilation from
Figure N to N is an enlargement or a reduction. /' 1.
/
2. Find the scale factor of the dilation. 5 2.
5

3. ABC has vertices A(2, 2), B(3, 4), and C(5, 2). Find the
coordinates of the image of the triangle after a dilation
centered at the origin with a scale factor of 2.5. 3.

4. Name a property that is not preserved by a dilation. 4.

5. .
5. Use a ruler to draw the image of the figure under a dilation
1
with center M and the scale factor of − .
5

Chapter 9 46 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME DATE PERIOD

9 Chapter 9 Mid-Chapter Test SCORE

(Lessons 9–1 through 9–3)

Part I Write the letter for the correct answer in the blank at the right of each question.

Assessment
1. A point F(−3, 1) is translated along the vector 〈5, −1〉.What are the
coordinates of the image F ?
A F(2, 0) B F(−15, −1) C F(−2, 0) D F(15, −1) 1.
2. Which translation vector moves every point of a preimage 4 units left and 6
units up?
F 〈4, -6〉 H 〈-6, 4〉
G 〈-4, 6〉 J 〈6, -4〉 2.

3. Parallelogram JKLM has vertices J(2, 1), K(7, 1), L(6, −3), and M(1, −3).
What is the coordinates of the image of K if the parallelogram is rotated 270°
about the origin?
A K(−7, 1) B K(7, −1) C K(1, −7) D K(1, 7) 3.

4. The image of A(-1, 1) under a reflection is A(-1, -1). Which reflection

produces the image of A?
F reflection in the x-axis H reflection in the y-axis
G reflection in the line x = 2 J reflection in the line y = x 4.

5. Which action represents the reflection of a figure?

A slide B shift C turn D flip 5.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Part II
6. Name the coordinates of S(-7, 1) under a reflection in the
y-axis. 6.

7. DEFG is a square with vertices at D(1, 1), E(1, 6), F(6, 6), and
G(6, 1). DEFG is reflected in the line x = 1. Find the
coordinates of D, E, F, and G. 7.

Q
8. Determine whether PQR is a Q'
translation image of PQR. Explain. P R

P' R' 8.

9. Find the image of B(4, 7) reflected in the y-axis. 9.

10. The function notation (x, y) → (-x, -y) describes the rotation
of how many degrees about the origin? 10.

Chapter 9 47 Glencoe Geometry

NAME DATE PERIOD

9 Chapter 9 Vocabulary Test SCORE

angle of rotation line of reflection plane symmetry

center of rotation line of symmetry rotational symmetry
composition of line symmetry symmetry
transformation magnitude of symmetry translation vector
glide reflection order of symmetry

Choose from the terms above to complete each sentence.

1. A(n) ? is the composition of a translation followed

by a reflection in a line parallel to the translation vector. 1.
2. A transformation representing a flip of a figure is called a(n)
? . 2.
3. A(n) ? is a transformation that turns every point
of a preimage through a specified angle and direction about a
fixed point. 3.

4. A figure in the plane has ? if the figure can be

mapped onto itself by a reflection in a line. 4.

Write whether each sentence is true or false. If false,

replace the underlined word or number to make a true
sentence.

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

5. A reflection is a transformation that moves all points of a
figure the same distance in the same direction. 5.
6. A translation maps each point to its image along a vector
called the translation vector. 6.
7. When a figure can be folded so that the two halves match
exactly, the fold is called a line of reflection. 7.

Choose the correct term to complete each sentence.

8. A(n) (isometry, composition) is a transformation made up of

successive transformations. 8.
9. A three dimensional figure has (axis symmetry, plane
symmetry) if the figure can be mapped onto itself by a rotation
between 0° and 360°. 9.
10. The rotation of a figure around a fixed point, called the (center
of rotation, center of symmetry), maps a point to its image. 10.

Define each term in your own words.

11.
11. center of rotation

12. magnitude of symmetry 12.

Chapter 9 48 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME DATE PERIOD

9 Chapter 9 Test, Form 1 SCORE

Write the letter for the correct answer in the blank at the right of each question.
1. Given A(3, -7), under which reflection is A(3, 7)?
A reflection in the x-axis C reflection in the origin
B reflection in the y-axis D reflection in the line y = 5 1.
−−−
2. Name the image of BC under reflection in line m.
−−− −− B
F BC H AC
−− 
G BA J line ℓ 2.
A C
3. How many lines of symmetry does a square have? m
A 0 B 2 C 4 D 8 3.

4. Which of the following will result in a translation?

F reflecting in two parallel lines
G reflecting in two intersecting lines
H reflecting in two perpendicular lines
J turning the figure upside down 4.

5. Which transformation moves all points the same distance in the same
direction?
A rotation C reflection
B translation D dilation 5.

6. What is the image of X(3, 5) along the translation vector 〈-4, 6〉?
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

F X(7, -1) H X(7, 11)

G X(-1, -1) J X(-1, 11) 6.

7. A figure is reflected in two intersecting lines that form an angle of 40°.

How many degrees will the figure be rotated?
A 160 B 80 C 40 D 20 7.

8. Point K(−2, 1) is rotated 90° about the origin. What are the coordinates of K?
F K(−2, 1) G K(2, −1) H K(−1, 2) J K(−1, -2) 8.

Assessment
9. ABC has vertices A(−2, 1), B(−4, −1), and C(0, −1) and is reflected in the
line x = 2. What is the coordinate of C?
A C(2, 0) B C(2, -1) C C(4, -1) D C(−4, -1) 9.

10. A figure is reflected in two parallel lines that are 2 inches apart. Which best
describes the translation?
F rotation of 4° H translation of 4 inches
G reflection of 4 inches J dilation with a scale factor of 4 10.
3
11. What type of dilation occurs with a scale factor of − ?
2
A enlargement C congruence transformation
B reduction D glide reflection 11.

Chapter 9 49 Glencoe Geometry

NAME DATE PERIOD

9 Chapter 9 Test, Form 1 (continued)

12. If ABC is the image of ABC under a dilation y A

with center at (0, 0), what is the scale factor?
1 A'
F 3 H −
3 O x
2 1 12.
G − J −− B' C'
3 3
13. Joe’s old graphing calculator had 96 pixels across the B C
screen. His new calculator has 144 pixels. Find the scale
factor by which he increased his screen size.
1 2 3
A − B − C − D 48 13.
2 3 2
14. The point Y with coordinates (−8, 6) is rotated about the origin to Y'(8, −6).
How many degrees was the point rotated?
F 90 G 180 H 270 J 360 14.
15. Which best describes the symmetry of a bottle of soda?
A axis symmetry C both axis and plane symmetry
B plane symmetry D neither axis nor plane symmetry 15.

16. Point E with coordinates (5, 7) is translated along a glide reflection to its
image of E'(−7, 9). Which best describes the glide reflection?
F translation along 〈2, 2〉 and H translation along 〈−13, 2〉 and
reflection in x-axis reflection in x-axis
G translation along 〈2, 2〉 and J translation along 〈−13, 2〉 and
reflection in y-axis reflection in y-axis 16.

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

17. Find the image of A(3, 7) under a translation along the vector 〈−4, 2〉.
A A(−7, −5) B A(−1, 9) C A(7, 5) D A(1, −9) 17.

18. Find the magnitude of the rotational symmetry in a regular pentagon.

F 72° G 36° H 30° J 5° 18.

19. Find the coordinates of X with X(6, 5) for a dilation centered at the origin
with a scale factor of 2.
A X(-10, -12) B X(10, 12) C X(12, 10) D X(-12, -10) 19.

20. Jon enlarges a 4-inch by 6-inch photograph by 250x. What are the dimensions
of the enlarged photograph?
F 8-in. by 12-in. H 10-in. by 12-in.
G 10-in. by 15-in. J 15-in. by 10-in. 20.

Bonus Describe a rotation that moves

triangle 1 to triangle 2.
1 2
B:

Chapter 9 50 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME DATE PERIOD

9 Chapter 9 Test, Form 2A SCORE

Write the letter for the correct answer in the blank at the right of each question.

Assessment
1. Given B(-4, -6), under which reflection is B(4, 6)?
A reflected in the x-axis C reflected in the origin
B reflected in the y-axis D reflected in the line y = x 1.
−− E F 
2. Name the image of EF under reflection in line ℓ.
−−− −−−
F FG H EH
−−− −− H
G HG J FE G 2.

3. How many lines of symmetry does a regular decagon have?

A 0 B 2 C 5 D 10 3.

4. Find the magnitude of the rotation of the figure at

the right.
F 90 H 60
G 74 J 45 4.

5. What is the image of Y(-4, 7) under the translation 〈3, -5〉?

A Y(-1, 2) B Y(-1, 12) C Y(-7, 2) D Y(-7, 12) 5.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

6. Which transformation turns every point of the preimage through a specified

angle and direction about a fixed point?
F reflection G rotation H translation J dilation 6.

7. Find the angle of rotation for a figure reflected in two lines that intersect to
form a 72°-angle.
A 36° B 72° C 144° D 288° 7.

8. The point I(−4, −1) is rotated 90° about the origin. What is the image of I?
F I(4, -1) H I(1, -4)
G I(4, -1) J I(-1, -4) 8.

y
9. What kind of transformation is represented
in the figure at the right?
A translation C reflection
B rotation D dilation 9.
0 x

1
10. What type of dilation occurs with a scale factor of − ?
4
F enlargement H congruence transformation
G reduction J glide reflection 10.

Chapter 9 51 Glencoe Geometry

NAME DATE PERIOD

9 Chapter 9 Test, Form 2A (continued)

11. Which vector best describes the translation y

at the right?
A 〈8, 4〉 C 〈9, 0〉
0 x
B 〈4, 8〉 D 〈0, 9〉 11.

12. Sue scans a 4-inch picture into her computer.

She stretches the picture’s length to 10 inches. Find the scale factor she used.
5 2
F 6 G − H 2 J − 12.
2 5
−−−
13. The line segment CD with endpoints C(5, −7) and D(−3, 9) is rotated 270°
about the origin. What is the coordinate of D'?
A D'(-3, -9) B D'(3, -9) C D'(9, -3) D D'(9, 3) 13.

14. A point K with coordinates (−1, 6) is translated along the vector 〈2, 3〉 and
then reflected in the y-axis. What are the coordinates of K"?
F K"(1, 9) G K"(1, -9) H K"(-1, 9) J K"(-1, -9) 14.

15. Which of the following regular polygons has a magnitude of symmetry of 45°?
A decagon B pentagon C hexagon D octagon 15.

16. Find the image of P(-2, 4) under a translation along the vector 〈6, 5〉.

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

F P(4, 9) G P(-4, -9) H P(-8, -1) J P(8, 1) 16.

17. HIJK is a trapezoid with H(5, 4), I(10, -2), J(-8, -2), and K(-3, 4). Find the
coordinates of the image of H under the translation vector 〈10, -11〉.
A H'(20, -13) B H'(15, -7) C H'(-5, 15) D H'(7, -7) 17.

18. Find the reflection of the point A(6, -1) in the x-axis.
F A'(6, -1) G A'(-6, 1) H A'(6, 1) J A'(-1, 6) 18.

19. Point J with coordinates (-2, 1) is translated along 〈-3, -3〉 and then
reflected in the x-axis. What is the coordinate of J"?
A J"(-5, -2) B J"(2, 1) C J"(-5, 2) D J"(2, -1) 19.

20. Which of the following best describes the symmetry

of the figure at the right?
F horizontal plane symmetry
G vertical plane symmetry
H axis symmetry
J horizontal and vertical plane symmetry and axis symmetry 20.

Bonus The point (a, b) is rotated about the origin 180° and then
reflected in the x-axis. What coordinate best describes
the resulting transformation of the point? B:

Chapter 9 52 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME DATE PERIOD

9 Chapter 9 Test, Form 2B SCORE

Write the letter for the correct answer in the blank at the right of each question.

Assessment
1. Given C(2, 9), under which reflection is C(9, 2)?
A reflected in the x-axis C reflected in the line x = 2
B reflected in the y-axis D reflected in the line y = x 1.
−−
2. Name the image of KL under a reflection in a vertical line J K
through point N.
−− −−−
F LK H MJ N
−−− −− M L
G ML J JK 2.

3. How many lines of symmetry does a regular 12-gon have?

A 4 B 6 C 12 D 24 3.

4. Which of the following figures shows a translation?

F H

G J

4.
5. Name the image of C(6, -4) under a rotation 90° about the origin.
A C(4, 6) B C(-4, -6) C C(6, 4) D C(-6, -4) 5.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

6. Name the image of Z(-11, -6) along the translation vector 〈1, 7〉.
F Z(-12, 1) G Z(-12, -13) H Z(-10, 1) J Z(-10, -13) 6.

7. Find the angle of rotation of a figure that is reflected in two lines that
intersect to form a 66°-angle.
A 264° B 132° C 66° D 33° 7.

8. The point Z(4, -2) is rotated 180° about the origin. What is the image of Z?
F Z(2, 4) G Z(-4, 2) H Z(-2, -4) J Z(-4, -2) 8.

Assessment
9. Which does not describe a transformations that could
be used to create the pattern shown?
A translation C reflection
B rotation D dilation 9.

10. What type of dilation occurs with a scale factor of 1?

F enlargement H congruence transformation
G reduction J glide reflection 10.

Chapter 9 53 Glencoe Geometry

NAME DATE PERIOD

9 Chapter 9 Test, Form 2B (continued)

11. How many lines of symmetry are in the figure at

the right?
A 0 C 2
B 1 D 3 11.

12. Stella carved an equilateral triangle that is 3 centimeters on each side on a

pumpkin. Then she carved another equilateral triangle that is 5 centimeters
on each side. What scale factor did Stella use to increase the size of the
triangle?
5 2 3
F 2 G − H − J − 12.
3 3 5
−−−
13. The line segment TU with endpoints T(2, 1) and U(−5, 6) is rotated 90° about
the origin. What is the coordinate of T ?
A T (2, -1) B T (-2, -1) C T (1, 2) D T (-1, 2) 13.
14. A point R with coordinates (3, -1) is translated along the vector 〈-2, 3〉 and
then reflected in the x-axis. What are the coordinates of R"?
F R"(1, 2) G R"(3, 1) H R"(1, -2) J R"(3, -1) 14.
15. Which of the following regular polygons has a magnitude of symmetry of 72°?
A decagon B pentagon C hexagon D octagon 15.

16. Find the image of D(3, 4) under a translation by the vector 〈-7, -2〉.

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

F D(10, 6) G D(-10, -6) H D(4, -2) J D(-4, 2) 16.
17. Find the image of Y(-7, 4) after a dilation centered at the origin with a scale
factor of -3.
A Y(-21, 12) B Y(21, -12) C Y(12, -21) D Y(-12, 21) 17.

18. LMNO is a trapezoid with L(-1, 4), M(5, 12), N(5, -3), and O(-1, -5).
Find the coordinates for the image of N along the translation vector 〈-7, 9〉.
F N(-2, 6) G N(12, -12) H N(-8, 13) J N(-2, 21) 18.
19. A triangle is reflected in two parallel lines that are 2 centimeters apart.
Which best describes the resulting transformation?
A reflection 4 cm right C translation 4 cm right
B reflection 2 cm right D translation 2 cm right 19.

20. Which of the following best describes the symmetry

of the figure at the right?
F horizontal plane symmetry
G vertical plane symmetry
H axis symmetry
J horizontal and vertical plane symmetry and axis symmetry 20.
Bonus The point (a, b) is rotated about the origin 90° and then reflected in
the x-axis. What coordinate best describes the resulting
transformation of the point? B:

Chapter 9 54 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME DATE PERIOD

9 Chapter 9 Test, Form 2C SCORE

1. Write the coordinates of the image of P(-2, 5) reflected in the

Assessment
line y = 2. 1.

2.
2. Graph  ABC with vertices A(4, 4), B(3, -2), and C(-1, -1).
Then graph the image of ABC reflected in the y-axis.

3. How many lines of symmetry does

this figure have? 3.

A a b
A' A''
4. Determine whether  ABC is a
translation image of ABC. Explain B
your answer. C C' 4.
B' C'' B''

−−−
5. Find the image of WX with W(7, 1) and X(-4, 5) along the
translation vector 〈−4, -3〉. 5.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

−−
6. Find the image of AB with A(-3, 1) and B(-1, 5) under a
rotation of 90° about the origin. 6.

7. Find the coordinates of L if LMN with L(3, 1), M(-1, 6),

and N(-3, 2) is rotated 90° about the origin and then reflected
in the x-axis. 7.

8. Name three quadrilaterals that have both rotational and line

symmetry. 8.

9. Triangle ABC with vertices A(−4, −4), B(−1, −2), C(3, −1) is
rotated 180° about the origin. What are the coordinates of
triangle ABC? 9.

10. If AB = 10 and AB = 5, is the dilation an enlargement,

reduction, or congruence transformation? 10.

Chapter 9 55 Glencoe Geometry

NAME DATE PERIOD

9 Chapter 9 Test, Form 2C (continued)

−−
11. Find the measure of the image of ST if ST = 4 under a
3 11.
dilation with a scale factor of − .
4

12. Draw the image of MNO under a dilation with center C and
a scale factor of 2. 12.
N

M
C O

13. If ST = 12 and S T = 9, find the scale factor of the dilation. 13.

14. What transformation is represented? 14.

15. y

15. Draw a translation of the figure along the vector 〈-1, 2〉.

0 x

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

16. What is the order and magnitude of rotational symmetry of a
square? 16.

17. A figure P is reflected in two intersecting lines that form a 50°

angle. What single transformation maps P onto P ? 17.

18. Find the image of the point at (5, 1) under the translation
along the vector 〈-9, 6〉. 18.

19. Given ABC with vertices A(1, 0), B(6, -7), and C(0, -4).
Find the coordinates of the vertices of the triangle along the
translation vector 〈0, -4〉. 19.

20. Janet would like to enlarge a photograph to fill a page in her

album. The photograph measures 3 inches by 5 inches. What
is the greatest scale factor she can use if the album measures
8.5 inches by 11 inches? 20.
Bonus A triangle has vertices (2, 5), (3, 7), and (7, 5). After
a reflection and a translation, the coordinates of the
image are (7, -2), (8, -4), and (12, -2). Describe the
transformation. B:

Chapter 9 56 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME DATE PERIOD

9 Chapter 9 Test, Form 2D SCORE

1. Write the coordinates of the image of Q(-3, -6) reflected

Assessment
about the origin. 1.

2.

2. Graph PQR with vertices at P(3, 4), Q(5, -1), and R(-3, 0).
Then graph the image of PQR reflected in the x-axis.

3. How many lines of symmetry

does this figure have?
3.

W X
4. Determine whether WX Y Z is a Z Y
translation image of WXYZ. Explain. Z'
a
Y'
W' X'
b
W'' X''
Z'' Y'' 4.
−−−
5. Find the image of UV with U(-3, 5) and V(0, 8) along the
translation vector 〈2, -5〉. 5.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

−−−
6. Find the image of CD with C(0, 4) and D(3, 4) under a rotation
of 90° about the origin. 6.

7. Find the coordinates of Q if OPQ with O(4, 2), P(5, 0), and
Q(1, -2) is rotated 90° about the origin and then in the y-axis. 7.

8. What is the order and magnitude of symmetry for a regular

pentagon? 8.

9. Triangle ABC with vertices A(−1, 3), B(−4, −4), C(−2, 1) is

rotated 90° about the origin. What are the coordinates of
triangle ABC ? 9.

10. If CD = 3 and C D = 8, is the dilation an enlargement,

reduction, or congruence transformation? 10.

Chapter 9 57 Glencoe Geometry

NAME DATE PERIOD

9 Chapter 9 Test, Form 2D (continued)

−−−
11. Find the measure of the image of GH if GH = 7 under a
dilation with a scale factor of 5. 11.
D

12. Draw the image of CDE under a dilation with center G and
1
a scale factor of − . 12. G
3
C E
13. Find the scale factor of the dilation if OP = 15
and O P = 20. 13.
y

1'
14. What transformation is represented,
0 x
reflection, translation, or rotation? 14.

15. y
1

15. Draw a translation of the figure along the vector 〈3, 1〉.

0 x
16. How many lines of symmetry can you draw in an isosceles

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

trapezoid? 16.

17. A figure M is reflected in two parallel lines that are 3 inches

apart. What single transformation maps M onto M ? 17.

18. Find the image of the point at (-11, -7) under a translation
along 〈-2, 3〉. 18.

19. Find the coordinates of the vertices of the polygon ABCD with
vertices A(3, 0), B(6, -5), C(0, -3), and D(-1, -2) along the
translation vector 〈1, -2〉. 19.

20. Hilary would like to enlarge a poster to fill her bedroom wall.
The poster measures 3 feet by 2 feet. What is the largest scale
factor she can use if the wall measures 14 feet by 8 feet? 20.

Bonus A triangle has vertices (1, 5), (2, 7), and (6, 5). After a
reflection and a translation, the coordinates of the image
are (5, −2), (6, −4), and (10, −2). Describe the
transformation. B:

Chapter 9 58 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME DATE PERIOD

9 Chapter 9 Test, Form 3 SCORE

1. Draw the lines of symmetry. 1.

Assessment
2. Graph TUV with vertices T(3, 3), U(6, -1), and V(-2, 1). 2.
Then graph the image of TUV reflected in the line y = 2.

3. Name two properties that are preserved by a reflection.

3.
4. Draw the image of ABC under reflection in lines, ℓ and m. 4. m
B 
A

C
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

−−−
5. Find the preimage of CD with C(4, 6) and D(-1, 2) along the
translation vector 〈3, -7〉. 5.

6. Identify the order and magnitude of the rotational symmetry

in a regular 20-gon. 6.

7. Triangle RST with R(5, 3), S(7, 8), and T(10, 1) is reflected in
the line y = x and then in the x-axis. Find the coordinates of
the image and the measure of the angle of rotation. 7.

8. Triangle ABC is rotated 180° about the origin. The vertices of

the rotated triangle are A(4, 4), B(1, 2), C(3, 1). What are the
coordinates of triangle ABC? 8.

9. Draw a figure that has line symmetry but no rotational

symmetry. 9.

−−−
10. If PQ = 12, find the measure of the dilation image of PQ with
3 10.
a scale factor of − .
4

Chapter 9 59 Glencoe Geometry

NAME DATE PERIOD

9 Chapter 9 Test, Form 3 (continued)

11. Draw the image of this figure under a dilation with center C
1
and a scale factor of − . 11.
3

12. An 11-inch by 14-inch picture is being reduced on a printer by

a scale factor of 60. Find the dimensions of the reduced image. 12.

2 4
13. If WX = − and W X = − , find the scale factor of the dilation. 13.
3 5

14. Name the series of reflections that would result in the same
image as a figure rotated 180° about the origin. 14.

15. Figure H is reflected in two parallel lines. The composition of

the reflection produces a translation 7 centimeters to the right.
How far apart are the parallel lines? 15.

16. Point P with coordinate (-4, 1) is translated along vector

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

〈a, b〉 to P (0, 4). What are the values of a and b? 16.

17. Does a regular hexagonal prism have plane symmetry, axis

symmetry, both, or neither? 17.

18. Find the image of the point at (4, -7) under the translation
along the vector 〈a, b〉. 18.

19. Describe the transformations to A

map triangle A onto triangle B. 19.

20. Si Yan notices that at 6 o’clock the minute hand of the clock is
on the 12. What is the degree of rotation of the minute hand
between 6:00 and 6:20? 20.

Bonus D(0, 6) is rotated 30° about the origin. Find the

coordinates of its image. B:

Chapter 9 60 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME DATE PERIOD

9 Chapter 9 Extended–Response Test SCORE

Demonstrate your knowledge by giving a clear, concise solution to

Assessment
each problem. Be sure to include all relevant drawings and justify
your answers. You may show your solution in more than one way or
investigate beyond the requirements of the problem.

1. Draw a reflection in a horizontal line.

2. Name an object that has at least one line of symmetry.

Describe the lines of symmetry in this object.

3. Draw a three-dimensional object that has axis symmetry.

4. Graph ABC and label the coordinates of its vertices. Find the image of
ABC under a composition of a reflection, rotation, translation, and
dilation. Name the transformations you used.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

5. Draw right triangle ABC and point P not on the triangle.

a. Use a ruler to enlarge the triangle under a dilation with center P.

b. What scale factor did you use?

Chapter 9 61 Glencoe Geometry

NAME DATE PERIOD

9 Standardized Test Practice SCORE

(Chapters 1–9)

Part 1: Multiple Choice

Instructions: Fill in the appropriate circle for the best answer.

1. Which statement has a false converse? (Lesson 2-3)

A If a quadrilateral is a rectangle, then the diagonals of the
quadrilateral are congruent.
B If a quadrilateral has diagonals that bisect each other, then the
quadrilateral is a parallelogram.
C If a quadrilateral is a rectangle, then all angles of the
quadrilateral are right angles.
D If a quadrilateral is a parallelogram, then both pairs of opposite
sides of the quadrilateral are congruent. 1. A B C D

2. If FGH is an isosceles triangle with ∠G as the vertex angle and

m∠G = 52, find m∠F and m∠H. (Lesson 4-6)
F m∠F = 72, m∠H = 56 H m∠F = 64, m∠H = 64
G m∠F = 52, m∠H = 76 J m∠F = 40, m∠H = 88 2. F G H J

3. What can you conclude from the figure? (Lesson 5-6)

A m∠W > m∠D by SSS Inequality
D
B m∠G > m∠V by SSS Inequality V 22 14 9
C DF > WV by SAS Inequality 9
W 14 T G 20 F

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

D GF > VT by SAS Inequality 3. A B C D

4. If the triangles are similar, find the value of x. (Lesson 7-3)

F 8.68 H 31.24
x 13.5
G 20.25 J 42.31 25.4°
4. F G H J

−−− 18.3 25.4° 12.2

5. If QR is the hypotenuse of right PQR,
PQ = 18, and QR = 24, find RP. (Lesson 8-2)
A √63 B √252
 C 30 D 60 5. A B C D

−−
6. If AB is a median of trapezoid WXYZ, find m∠1, m∠2, and m∠3.
(Lesson 6-6)
F m∠1 = 72, m∠2 = 108, m∠3 = 72 W3 X
G m∠1 = 108, m∠2 = 72, m∠3 = 72 A 2 B
1
H m∠1 = 108, m∠2 = 72, m∠3 = 108 Z 72°
Y
J m∠1 = 108, m∠2 = 108, m∠3 = 72 6. F G H J

7. If A(c, d) is reflected in the y-axis, find the coordinates of A.

(Lesson 9-1)
A A(c, -d) B A(-c, d) C A(-c, -d) D A(d, c) 7. A B C D

Chapter 9 62 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME DATE PERIOD

9 Standardized Test Practice (continued)

8. Find the image of point A(6, -12) along the translation

Assessment
vector 〈-4, 7〉. (Lesson 9-2)
F A'(–4, 7) G A'(–2, 5) H A'(3, 0) J A'(2, -5) 8. F G H J

−− −−
9. XY has the endpoints X(–5, 6) and Y(0, 4). Find the image of XY
under a rotation of 270° about the origin. (Lesson 9-3)
A X'(6, 0), Y'(4, 5) C X'(2, 3), Y'(–4, 1)
B X'(6, 5), Y'(4, 0) D X'(2, 0), Y'(–4, 6) 9. A B C D

10. The length of the line segment AB is 6 feet. Find the measure of
−−−
the dilation image A B using a scale factor of 12. (Lesson 9-6)
F 48 ft G 72 ft H 93 ft J 324 ft 10. F G H J

⎯⎯⎯⎯ for P(6, 5) and

11. Find the magnitude and direction of the vector PQ
Q(0, 13). Round the direction to the nearest tenth. (Lesson 8-7)
A √12 , 22.9° B 8, 33° C 9.5, 16° D 10, 126.9° 11. A B C D

⎯⎯⎯ with X(3, 2) and Y(7, –1). (Lesson 8-7)

12. Find the component form of XY
F 〈4, –3〉 G 〈3, –1〉 H 〈2, 7〉 J 〈10, –1〉 12. F G H J

Part 2: Gridded Response

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Instructions: Enter your answer by writing each digit of the answer in a column box and then
shading in the appropriate circle that corresponds to that entry.

13. Find cos M. (Lesson 8-4) K 13.

9 15

L M
12 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2 2
3 3 3 3 3
4 4 4 4 4
5 5 5 5 5
6 6 6 6 6
7 7 7 7 7
8 8 8 8 8
14. Find the measure of the preimage of dilated 9 9 9 9 9
−− 1
JK if JK = 62 and r = − . (Lesson 9-6) 14.
3

0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2 2
3 3 3 3 3
4 4 4 4 4
5 5 5 5 5
6 6 6 6 6
7 7 7 7 7
8 8 8 8 8
9 9 9 9 9

Chapter 9 63 Glencoe Geometry

NAME DATE PERIOD

9 Standardized Test Practice (continued)

Part 3: Short Response

Instructions: Write your answer in the space provided.

15. Two parallel lines are cut by a transversal, ∠1 and ∠2 are

consecutive interior angles, m∠1 = 6y + 5, and
m∠2 = 10y - 17. Find m∠1 and m∠2. (Lesson 3-2) 15.

⎯⎯⎯⎯ with L(-4,-7) and

16. Find the magnitude of vector LM
M(-7,-7). (Lesson 8-7) 16.

17. Triangle DEF with D(7, -12), E(2, 10), and F(-11, -8) is
translated so that D (12, -16). Find the coordinates of E
and F  . (Lesson 9-2) 17.

18. An airplane is flying northwest. Its velocity is represented by

〈-300, 300〉 miles per hour. A wind is blowing from the west
and its velocity is represented by 〈100, 0〉. Find the resultant
vector for the airplane in component form. (Lesson 8-7) 18.

−−
19. Find the image of AB with endpoints A(1,-3) and B(-2, 0)

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

reflected across the origin and then across the x-axis. (Lesson 9-1) 19.

20. A square ABCD lies in the first quadrant with vertices B(5, 5),
C( 5, 1), and D(1, 1). (Lesson 9-2)

a. Find the coordinates of A. 20. a.

b. Find the image of ABCD along the translation

vector 〈-4, 1〉. b.

c. Graph the image of ABCD along the translation

by the vector 〈0, -6〉. c.
A B

D C

Chapter 9 64 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME DATE PERIOD

9 Unit 3 Test SCORE

(Chapters 7–9)

1. Determine whether 128 feet, 136 feet, and 245 feet can be the

Assessment
lengths of the sides of a triangle. 1.

2. Casey has a 13-inch television and a 52-inch television in her

home. What is the ratio of the sizes of the smaller TV to the
larger TV? 2.

3. If EFG ∼ EJK, find x, JK, 10 F

J
12
KG, and the scale factor E 32° (x + 7)°
relating EFG to EJK. 9 18
K
G 3.

4. Find the value of y.

y+4
7
2y - 1
7
4.
Y
5. Find the perimeter of ABC
if ABC ∼ XYZ. 28 A 30
C 6
B
X Z 5.
46

⎯⎯⎯⎯ if P(-5, 3) and Q(2, 1).

6. Find the magnitude of PQ 6.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

7. Find the geometric mean between 27 and 42. Round to the

nearest tenth. 7.

8. Determine whether 27, 120, and 123 are the measures of the
sides of a right triangle. Then explain whether they form a
Pythagorean triple. 8.

9. The diagonal of a square is 56 centimeters long. Find the

perimeter of the square to the nearest tenth. 9.

10. Find m∠P to the nearest degree in right MNP for M(3, 6),
N(3, -8), and P(-5, -8). 10.

For Questions 11 and 12, refer to the figure. Round to the

nearest tenth.
11. Find m∠S if m∠T = 68, t = 65, and s = 33. S 11.
t r

R s T
12. Solve RST if t = 17, s = 11, and m∠R = 40. 12.

Chapter 9 65 Glencoe Geometry

NAME DATE PERIOD

9 Unit 3 Test (continued)

13. Construct the reflected image of the quadrilateral in line . 13. 

14. Triangle QST with vertices at Q(9, 5), S(12, -8), and T(6, -3)
is translated so that S is at (17, -9). Find the coordinates of
Q and T. 14.

15. Determine the order and magnitude of the rotational

symmetry of a regular decagon. 15.
−−
16. The endpoints of XY are X(-2, 3) and Y(7, 4). The segment is
translated along the vector 〈-3, 1〉 and then reflected in the
x-axis. What is the coordinate of X? 16.

17. Determine the scale factor used for the E'

dilation of the figure with center C. Then
state whether the dilation is an enlargement,
reduction, or congruence transformation. E
17.

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

18. Find the coordinates of the image of B(3, -5) along the
translation 〈-6, 2〉. 18.

19. A band of sequins that measures 108 inches is cut into two
pieces so that their lengths are in a 5:7 ratio. Find the length
of each piece. 19.

20. A square ABCD centered at the origin is dilated with a scale

factor of 0.25. Next, the image ABCD is dilated by a scale
factor of 4. Find the scale factor for the dilation of ABCD to
ABCD. 20.

Chapter 9 66 Glencoe Geometry

 Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

NAME DATE PERIOD NAME DATE PERIOD

Chapter 9
9 Anticipation Guide 9-1 Study Guide and Intervention
Transformations Reflections
Step 1 Before you begin Chapter 9 Draw Reflections A reflection is a flip of a figure in a line called the line of
reflection. Each point of the preimage and its corresponding point on the image are the
• Read each statement.
same distance from the line. A reflection maps a point to its image. If the point is on the
• Decide whether you Agree (A) or Disagree (D) with the statement. line of reflection, then the image and preimage are the same point. If the point does not lie
on the line of reflection, the line of reflection is the perpendicular bisector of the segment
• Write A or D in the first column OR if you are not sure whether you agree or
joining the two points.
disagree, write NS (Not Sure).

Example Construct the image of quadrilateral ABCD under a reflection in

Chapter Resources
STEP 1 STEP 2
Statement line m .
A, D, or NS A or D
C A
D
1. To reflect a figure over the x-axis, multiply the
x-coordinate of each vertex by -1. D
B
m
Lesson 9-1

2. Reflecting a figure over the line y = x will B'

interchange the x- and y-coordinates of each vertex.
A
C' D' A'
3. A figure can have at most two lines of symmetry. D
4. When a figure is translated, all points of that figure Draw a perpendicular from each vertex of the quadrilateral to m. Find vertices A', B', C',
are moved the same distance in the same direction.
A and D' that are the same distance from m on the other side of m. The image is A' B' C' D'.

5. A figure can be translated by being reflected over Exercises

two parallel lines.
A
Use the figure and given line of reflection. Then draw the reflected image in this

A1
6. If a figure is rotated 180°, the image will be a line using a ruler.
translation of the original figure.
D
1. H' 2. P' M 3. R S
7. A figure is said to have rotational symmetry if it can m N
L Q
be rotated less than 360° about a point so that the A K'
image and the preimage are indistinguishable. K R' T
J' P O
t U
H M'
8. A glide reflection includes both a translation and J N' S' T' p
rotation.
D
9. A dilation of a figure produces an image that is :'
similar to the preimage but not necessarily congruent.
A "' "
4. -' 5. 6. ;'
10. If the scale factor of a dilation is negative, then the
image will be smaller than the preimage.
D & #
r #' &'
11. The magnitude of symmetry of a figure is 360° divided 8'
by the order of symmetry of the figure. A
; 8
/' - 9'
Answers (Anticipation Guide and Lesson 9-1)

12. Isometries produce congruent figures. A /

% $ : 9 a
$'  %'
.'
Step 2 After you complete Chapter 9
.

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

• Reread each statement and complete the last column by entering an A or a D.

• Did any of your opinions about the statements change from the first column?
• For those statements that you mark with a D, use a piece of paper to write an
example of why you disagree.

Chapter 9 3 Glencoe Geometry Chapter 9 5 Glencoe Geometry

Glencoe Geometry
001_024_GEOCRMC09_890518.indd 3 6/17/08 3:57:21
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Answers
 NAME DATE PERIOD
NAME DATE PERIOD

9-1 Skills Practice

Chapter 9
9-1 Study Guide and Intervention (continued)
Reflections
Use the given figure and line of reflection. Draw the image in this line
Draw Reflections In The Coordinate Plane Reflections can be performed in the using a ruler.
coordinate plane. Each point of the image and its corresponding point on the preimage must
be the same distance from the line of reflection. 1. " 2. B

• To reflect a point in the x-axis, multiply its y-coordinate by −1. +' +

# $
,' ,
• To reflect a point in the y-axis, multiply its x-coordinate by −1. %
ŏ
%'
• To reflect a point in the line y = x, interchange the x-and y-coordinates. $'
#'
.' .
-' -
Example y E
Quadrilateral DEFG has vertices D(-2, 3), E(4, 4), "'
D
F(3, -2), and G(-3, -1). Find the image under reflection in F' 3. 8 9 4. L
the x-axis. G'

To find an image for a reflection in the x-axis, use the same O x

: ;
Lesson 9-1

x-coordinate and multiply the y-coordinate by -1. In symbols, G :' ;'

m 5 6' 6 5'
(a, b) → (a, -b). The new coordinates are D'(-2, -3), E'(4, -4), F
D'
F'(3, 2), and G'(-3, 1). The image is D' E' F' G'. E' 8' 9'

3 4' 4 3'
Exercises ' )'' y ''
(
Graph FGH and its image in the given line. ('

1. x = -1 2. y = 1 COORDINATE GEOMETRY Graph each figure and its image under the given
reflection.

A2
0 x
)
5. ABC with vertices A(-3, 2), B(0, 1), 6. trapezoid DEFG with vertices D(0, -3),
('' )'
''' and C(-2, -3) in the line y = x E(1, 3), F(3, 3), and G(4, -3) in the y-axis

y y
%'' y
F' E' E F
Graph quadrilateral ABCD and its image in the given line. #' $'' # A
B
" "' B'
Answers (Lesson 9-1)

3. y = 0 4. x = 1 O x
"'' O x
0 x
#''
$' $ C'
% %' C A' G' D' D G

Graph each figure and its image under the given reflection. 7. parallelogram RSTU with vertices 8. square KLMN with vertices K(-1, 0),
R(-2, 3), S(2, 4), T(2, -3) and L(-2, 3), M(1, 4), and N(2, 1) in
5. DEF with D(-2, -1), E(-1, 3), 6. ABCD with A(1, 4), B(3, 2), C(2, -2), U(-2, -4) in the line y = x the x-axis
F(3, -1) in the x-axis D(-3, 1) in the y-axis
y S y M
y A' y A
R L
E
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

T' S'
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

B' B
D' F'
K N
D D' O x x
O x O x K' O
N'
D F U' R'
C' C T L'
E' U M'

Chapter 9 7 Glencoe Geometry

Chapter 9 6 Glencoe Geometry

Glencoe Geometry
001_024_GEOCRMC09_890518.indd 7 6/17/08 11:52:49 PM
001_024_GEOCRMC09_890518.indd 6 4/12/08 7:35:26 PM

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

 Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

NAME DATE PERIOD NAME DATE PERIOD

Chapter 9
9-1 Practice 9-1 Word Problem Practice
Reflections Reflections
Use the figure and given line of reflection. Then draw the reflected image in this 1. REFLECTIONS Vincent is making a star. 4. INTERIOR DESIGN Wilfred hired an
line using a ruler. Complete the star by drawing the interior designer to layout the furniture
reflected image of the figure in line m. in his bedroom. The designer produced
1.  2. the plan shown in the figure.

Unfortunately, Lamp
Wilfred’s window Desk
Table

m is located on the
opposite wall from
the plan. Wilfred Bed
Window

decided to just
COORDINATE GEOMETRY Graph each figure and its image under the given reflect the plan
reflection. 2. SHAPES Maria placed a paper cutout on over the vertical
Bureau

a table and then left to get some glue. line through the
3. quadrilateral ABCD with vertices 4. FGH with vertices F(-3, -1), G(0, 4) Her friend James flipped over the cutout center of the room.
Lesson 9-1

A(-3, 3), B(1, 4), C(4, 0), and and H(3, -1) in the line y = x without telling Maria. Still, when Maria Draw the reflected plan.
D(-3, -3) in the line y = x came back it was impossible for her to be Lamp

Desk
C' y B G y able to see that anything had been
Table

A H' changed. Draw a line through the figure

Bed
that represents the line over which
Window

B'
C G' James must have flipped the figure.
Bureau

O x O x
F H
D'
D A' F' 5. TRIANGLES Casey drew this triangle on

A3
the coordinate plane.
B'(4, 1) y
A'(3, -3)
5

5. rectangle QRST with vertices Q(-3, 2), 6. trapezoid HIJK with vertices H(-2, 5),
3. MIRRORS Tylia drew a shape on a piece
R(-1, 4), S(2, 1), and T(0, -1) I(2, 5), J(-4, -1), and K(-4, 3)
of paper and set up a mirror up next to
in the x-axis in the y-axis O 5 x
it on her desk. The shape and its image
Answers (Lesson 9-1)

R y H I' y H' I
in the mirror are shown below. Draw a
Q K K' line to show where Tylia’s mirror must
T' have been set up. a. What are the vertices of the image of
S
O x this triangle if it is reflected over the
Q' T S' O x y-axis?
J J'
(2, 5), (3, 1), (-5, 2)
R'

C'(0, 4) D'(-3, -3) b. What are the vertices of the image of

this triangle if it is reflected over the
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Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

line y = x?
(2, 5), (5, -2), (1, -3)

Chapter 9 8 Glencoe Geometry Chapter 9 9 Glencoe Geometry

Glencoe Geometry
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6:28:50 PM 9 4/12/08 7:35:39 PM

Answers
 NAME DATE PERIOD NAME DATE PERIOD

Chapter 9
9-1 Enrichment 9-2 Study Guide and Intervention
Translations
Reflections in the Coordinate Plane (x, y) → (-x + 6, y) Draw Translations A translation is a transformation that moves all points of a figure
y the same distance in the same direction. Vectors can be used to describe the distance and
Study the diagram at the right. It shows how the direction of the translation.
B Y
triangle ABC is mapped onto triangle XYZ by the
"'
transformation (x, y) → (-x + 6, y). Notice that XYZ A X Example
is the reflection image with respect to the vertical Draw the translation of the
figure along the translation vector. "
line with equation x = 3. O x "
Draw a line through each vertex parallel to
1. Prove that the vertical line with equation x = 3 is the C Z
u . Measure the length of vector ⎯⎯⎯
vector ⎯⎯⎯ u.
perpendicular bisector of the segment with endpoints Locate the image of each point by marking $'
x=3 #'
(x, y) and (-x + 6, y). (Hint: Use the midpoint formula.) off this distance along the line through each
vertex. Start at the vertex and move in the
y+y # $ V # $
Midpoint = − , − or (3, y)
( x + (-x2 + 6) ) same direction as the vector.
2
The segment joining (x, y) and (-x + 6, y) is Exercises
horizontal and hence is perpendicular to the vertical line. Use the figure and the given translation vector. Then draw the translation of the
figure along the translation vector.
2. Every transformation of the form (x, y) → (-x + 2h, y) is
a reflection with respect to the vertical line with equation 1. 5 5' 2. +'
,'
x = h. What kind of transformation is (x, y) → (x, -y + 2k)?
8 8' 6' -'
reflection with respect to the horizontal line with equation y = k 6 N

Lesson 9-2

7 7'

A4
Draw the transformation image for each figure and the given S + ,
transformation. Is it a reflection? If so, with respect to what line?
-
3. (x, y) → (-x - 4, y) 4. (x, y) → (x, -y + 8)
3. %' "' 4. +' ('
y y
#' *' )'
$' + (
% " ŏ
W
* )
$ #
O x O x
Answers (Lesson 9-1 and Lesson 9-2)

5. . 6. '' %' ' %

U
&' &
1 /
0
yes; x = -2 yes; y = 4
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.' C

1' /'

0'

Chapter 9 10 Glencoe Geometry Chapter 9 11 Glencoe Geometry

Glencoe Geometry
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7:35:44 PM 11 6/17/08 6:28:59 PM

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 Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

NAME DATE PERIOD

NAME DATE PERIOD

9-2 Skills Practice

Chapter 9
9-2 Study Guide and Intervention (continued)
Translations Translations
Use the figure and the given translation vector. Then draw the translation
Translations In The Coordinate Plane A vector can be used to translate a figure of the figure along the translation vector.
on the coordinate plane when written in the form 〈a, b〉 where a represents the horizontal
change and b represents the vertical change from the vector’s tip to its tail. 1. -' 2. 
7 5 R
0' .' 
Example y Q
Rectangle RECT has vertices R(−2, −1), 7' 5'
E C
E(−2, 2), C(3, 2), and T(3, −1). Graph the figure and its image /' - 6
E' C'
along the vector 〈2, −1〉. 0 .
x
6'
O
The vector indicates a translation 2 units right and 1 unit down. R T /
R' T'
(x, y) → (x + 2, y −1) 3. 1' 4. "
4' #
R( −2, −1) → R' (0, −2)
4 1
E(−2, 2) → E' (0, 1) 3' &
3
C(3, 2) → C' (5, 1) 2' 
$ S
2
T(3, −1) → T' (5, −2) 
W "' %
Graph RECT and its image R' E' C' T'. #'

&'
Exercises
$'
Graph each figure and its image along the given vector.
%'
Lesson 9-2

1. quadrilateral TUVW with vertices T(-3, -8), U(-6, 3), V(3, 0), and W(0, 3); 〈4, 5〉
y

A5
6' 8' Graph each figure and its image along the given vector.
8
8 7'
6 4 5. JKL with vertices J(−4, −4), 6. quadrilateral LMNP with vertices L(4, 2),
7 K(−2, −1), and L(2, −4); 〈2, 5〉 M(4, −1), N(0, -1), and P(1, 4); 〈-4, -3〉
−8 −4 0 4 8x
−4 5'
K' y y P
5 −8
L
Answers (Lesson 9-2)

2. QRS with vertices Q(2, 5), R(7, 1), and S(−1, 2); 〈−1, −2〉 P'
y J' L'
8 K O x O x
2
2' L' N M
4
4 3
−8 −44' 0 4 8x J L N' M'
3'
−4

−8

3. parallelogram ABCD with vertices A(1, 6), B(4, 5), C(1, −1), and D(−2, 0); 〈3, −2〉
y
8
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

"
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

#
4
"' #'
% $
−8 −4 0 4 8x
−4
%' $'

−8

Chapter 9 13 Glencoe Geometry

Chapter 9 12 Glencoe Geometry

Glencoe Geometry
001_024_GEOCRMC09_890518.indd 13 6/17/08 11:55:49 PM
001_024_GEOCRMC09_890518.indd 12 4/12/08 7:35:58 PM

Answers
 NAME DATE PERIOD NAME DATE PERIOD

Chapter 9
9-2 Practice 9-2 Word Problem Practice
Translations Translations
Use the figure and the given translation vector. Then draw the translation of the 1. TRANSLATIONS Wynette wants to see 4. A TALE OF TWO TRANSLATIONS
figure along the given translation vector. the translation of the five-sided figure Lacy performs the translation
shown below. Draw the translation so (x, y) → (x + 5, y + 3) to an object in the
1. %' "' 2. 9 that the indicated vertex is translated to coordinate plane. Kyle performs the
9'
the location of the dot. translation (x, y) → (x – 4, y + 2) to the
$' #' same object after Lacy. What single
translation could have been done to
achieve the same effect as Lacy and
% " W ; : Kyle’s combined translations? Would the
;' :' result have been different if Kyle did his
$ #
translation first?
C
2. WALLPAPER A wallpaper design (x, y) → (x + 1, y + 5); No, the
consists of repeated translations of a order does not make a difference
Graph each figure and its image along the given vector. single isosceles triangle. The pattern is
shown overlaid on a coordinate plane. 5. SQUARES AND CIRCLES
3. quadrilateral TUWX with vertices 4. pentagon DEFGH with vertices D(-1, -2), The space above the triangle around the
y
T(-1, 1), U(4, 2), W(1, 5), and X(-1, 3); E(2, -1), F(5, -2), G(4, -4), and H(1, -4); coordinate (5, 1) should be filled with a
〈-2, -4〉 〈-1, 5〉 missing triangle. What are the 5
C
y W y E'
coordinates of the vertices of the triangle
D' F' that fill this space consistently with the
X rest of the pattern?
-5 O 5 x
Lesson 9-2

T U H' G'
W'

A6
x y
O E
X' O x D F 5
S -5
U'
T' H G S'

y O 5 x
ANIMATION Find the translation that moves the figure a. The image of square S under a
on the coordinate plane. 4 translation is square S'. Describe this
translation.
Answers (Lesson 9-2)

5. figure 1 → figure 2 3 (4, 3), (5, 5), (6, 3) (x, y) → (x + 5, y - 1)

O 2 x
(x + 4, y + 2)
3. REFLECTIONS Gus reflects an object
1 twice. The first step is to reflect it over b. Draw the image of the circle C under
6. figure 2 → figure 3 the line y = –1. Then Gus completes the the same translation that you
(x - 4, y + 1) composite reflection by reflecting it over described in Exercise a.
the line y = 1. The net effect is a See drawing above.
translation of the object. Describe this
7. figure 3 → figure 4 translation.
(x + 3, y + 3)
(x, y) → (x, y + 4)
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Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Chapter 9 14 Glencoe Geometry Chapter 9 15 Glencoe Geometry

Glencoe Geometry
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6:29:24 PM 15 4/12/08 9:27:32 PM

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 Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

NAME DATE PERIOD NAME DATE PERIOD

Chapter 9
9-2 Enrichment 9-2 Graphing Calculator Activity
Cabri Junior: Translating Polygons
Translations in The Coordinate Plane Polygons can be translated using the F4 function of Cabri Junior. When performing
translations in Cabri Jr., the coordinates of the original polygon and the translated
You can use algebraic descriptions of reflections to show that polygon cannot be found. This activity focuses simply on translating a polygon.
two reflections over a pair of parallel lines is a translation
(that is, a slide). Example Use Cabri Junior to translate a triangle in the direction and
magnitude (length) of a given vector.
1. Suppose a and b are two different real numbers. Let S and T be
the following reflections. Step 1 Use Cabri Junior to draw and label a triangle.
• Select F2 Triangle to draw a triangle.
S: (x, y) → (-x + 2a, y) • Move the cursor to where you want the first vertex. Press ENTER .
T: (x, y) → (-x + 2b, y) • Repeat this procedure to determine the next two vertices of the triangle.
• Select F5 Alph-num to label each vertex.
S is reflection with respect to the line with equation x = a, and T is
• Mover the cursor to a vertex, press ENTER , enter A, and press ENTER again.
reflection with respect to the line with equation x = b.
• Repeat this procedure to label vertex B and vertex C.
a. Find an algebraic description (similar to those above for S and T)
to describe the composite transformation “S followed by T.” Step 2 Draw a segment to define the direction and magnitude of the translation.
• Select F2 Segment.
(x, y) → (x + 2 (b - a), y) • Place two points and use F5 Alph-num to label the endpoints X and Y.

Step 3 Transform ABC using the endpoints of the segment drawn

in Step 2.
• Select F4 Translation.
Lesson 9-2

b. Find an algebraic description for the composite transformation

A7
• Move the cursor to highlight the triangle. (You will know
“T followed by S.” the triangle is highlighted when the sides of the triangle
(x, y) → (x + 2 (a - b), y) appear as a running dashed line.) Press ENTER .
• Move the cursor to X. Press ENTER .
• Move the cursor to Y. Press ENTER .
• The translated triangle appears on the screen. Label the vertices of this triangle
D, E, and F.
Answers (Lesson 9-2)

2. Think about the results you obtained in Exercise 1. What do they

tell you about how the distance between two parallel lines is Exercises
related to the distance between a preimage and image point for two Examine your drawings. 1-3 See students’ work.
reflections with respect to these lines?
1. Were you able to see all of the parts of the translated triangle?
The distance between a preimage and its image point is
twice the distance between the parallel lines. 2. Compare the corresponding vertices. What do you notice?
3. Describe the translation in terms of horizontal and vertical movement. Make a
conjecture.
Use Cabri Junior to test a translation of a regular polygon. 4-7 See students’ work.
3. Illustrate your answers to Exercises 1 and 2 with sketches. Use a separate sheet if
4. Draw a regular polygon.
necessary.
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Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

See students’ work. 5. Draw a vector in a different direction.

6. Translate the regular polygon and compare the vertices of the preimage and the image.
7. Does your conjecture in Exercise 3 about describing translations hold true?

Chapter 9 16 Glencoe Geometry Chapter 9 17 Glencoe Geometry

Glencoe Geometry
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7:36:18 PM 17 6/19/08 5:01:29 PM

Answers
 NAME DATE PERIOD NAME DATE PERIOD

Chapter 9
9-2 Geometer’s Sketchpad Activity 9-3 Study Guide and Intervention
Translating Polygons with Vectors Rotations
Polygons can be translated using The Geometer’s Sketchpad, but the coordinates of the Draw Rotations A rotation is a transformation that moves every point of the preimage
original polygon and the translated polygon cannot be found. The activity below focuses on through a specified angle, x°, and direction about a fixed point called the center of
simply translating a polygon. rotation.
Example Use The Geometer’s Sketchpad to translate a triangle in the • If the point being rotated is the center of rotation, then the image and preimage are the
direction and magnitude (length) of a given vector. same point.
• If the point being rotated is not the center of rotation, then the image and preimage are
Step 1: Draw three line segments to create the same distance from the center of rotation and the measure of the angle of rotation
triangle ABC. formed by the preimage, center of rotation, and image points is x.
Step 2: A vector is needed beside the Example
triangle in order to determine how X Use a protractor and ruler to draw a 110° -
the triangle is to be translated, that rotation of square LMNO about point P.
A 0
is, the direction and magnitude of the .
translation. To draw a vector, draw Y
1
and label two points to /
D
represent the beginning and the end
of the vector. Then select the two
points and choose Mark Vector from Step 1 Draw a segment from - Step 2 Draw a 110° angle -
−−
the Transform menu. B vertex L to point P. 0
using PL as one side. 0
. 110° .
C
Step 3: Now translate the triangle by 1 1
E / /
selecting it and choosing Translate

A8
in the Transform menu. Click on F .'
Step 3 Use a ruler to draw L' - Step 4 Repeat steps 1–3
the button by Marked Vector in the such that PL' = PL. for vertices M, N, -' -
dialog box. Label the vertices of this -' 0 /'
110° . and O and draw square 0
triangle D, E, and F. L' M' N' O'. .
1
0'
/ 1
/
Exercises
Examine your drawings. 1-3 See students’ work.
Lesson 9-3

Exercises
1. Were you able to see all of the parts of the translated triangle?
Use a protractor and a ruler to draw the specified rotation of each figure about
2. Compare the corresponding vertices. What do you notice?
point K.
3. Describe the translation in terms of horizontal and vertical movement. Make a conjecture.
1. 75° 2. 45° 3. 135°
Use the Geometer’s Sketchpad to test a translation of a regular polygon.
2 ('
Answers (Lesson 9-2 and Lesson 9-3)

"
4. Draw a regular polygon. 4-7 See students’ work. 3' 3
, $'
4'
5. Draw a vector in a different direction. , %
5 , '' # #'
6. Translate the regular polygon and compare the vertices of the preimage and the image. 4
' )'
( $ %'
7. Does your conjecture in Exercise 3 about describing translations hold true?
2' "'
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Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

5'

Chapter 9 18 Glencoe Geometry Chapter 9 19 Glencoe Geometry

Glencoe Geometry
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6:29:39 PM 19 4/12/08 7:36:25 PM

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 Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

NAME DATE PERIOD NAME DATE PERIOD

Chapter 9
9-3 Study Guide and Intervention (continued) 9-3 Skills Practice
Rotations Rotations
Draw Rotations In The Coordinate Plane The following rules can be used to Use a protractor and ruler to draw the specified rotation of each figure about
rotate a point 90°, 180°, or 270° counterclockwise about the origin in the coordinate plane. point K.

To rotate Procedure 1. 30° 2. 150°

( )
90° multiply the y-coordinate by −1 and then interchange the x- and y-coordinates 2 , ,
180° multiply the x- and y-coordinates by −1
2' +'
3
multiply the x-coordinate by −1 and then interchange the x-and y-coordinates. +
270°
1 3 3' )' 3'

Example Parallelogram WXYZ has vertices W(−2, 4), y

8 1' ('
X(3, 6), Y(5, 2), and Z(0, 0). Graph parallelogram WXYZ and its 9
image after a rotation of 270° about the origin. 8
4
8' Graph each figure and its image after the specified rotation about the origin.
; :
Multiply the x-coordinate by −1 and then interchange the
−8 −4 ;' 0 4 8x 3. STU has vertices S(2, −1), T(5, 1) and 4. DEF has vertices D(−4, 3), E(1, 2), and
x- and y-coordinates.
−4
9' U(3, 3); 90° F(−3, −3); 180°
(x, y) → ( y, −x) :'
−8 y y
W(−2, 4) → W'(4, 2) 5'
6 ''
X(3, 6) → X'(6, −3) 6' &
%
Y(5, 2) → Y'(2, −5) 4' 5
Z(0, 0) → Z'(0, 0) 0 x 0 x
4

A9
&'
Exercises ' %'
Graph each figure and its image after the specified rotation about the origin.

1. trapezoid FGHI has vertices F(7, 7), 2. LMN has vertices L(−1, −1), 5. quadrilateral WXYZ has vertices 6. trapezoid ABCD has vertices A(9, 0),
G(9, 2), H(3, 2), and I(5, 7); 90° M(0, −4), and N(−6, −2); 90° W(−1, 8), X(0, 4), Y(−2, 1) and B(6, −7), C(3, −7) and D(0, 0); 270°
'' y y Z(−4, 3); 180°
8 * ' 8
('
Lesson 9-3
Answers (Lesson 9-3)

4 4 y y
*' ( 8
)' ) 0 -' .'
−8 −4 0 4 8x −8 −4 4 8x
/ - ;
−4 −4 9
. : %' % "
/' 0 :' x 0 x
−8 −8
$'
9' ;'
3. ABC has vertices A(−3, 5), B(0, 2), 4. parallelogram PQRS has vertices P(4, 7), #' "'
8' $ #
and C(−5, 1); 180° Q(6, 6), R(3, -2), and S(1, -1); 270°
y y
8 8
" 1
4 2
# 4
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

$ 0
−8 −4 #' 4 $' 8 x
04
−8 −4 4' 43 8x
−4 3' 1'
−4
"'
−8
2'
−8

Chapter 9 20 Glencoe Geometry Chapter 9 21 Glencoe Geometry

Glencoe Geometry
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7:36:34 PM 21 6/20/08 7:22:55 PM

Answers
 NAME DATE PERIOD NAME DATE PERIOD

Chapter 9
9-3 Practice 9-3 Word Problem Practice
Rotations Rotations
Use a protractor and ruler to draw the specified rotation of each figure about 1. COMPASS A damaged compass points 5. TESSELLATIONS A tessellation is when
point K. northwest. If you travel west by the a single shape is repeated to tile a plane
compass, what is your angle of rotation with no gaps or overlaps. Below is an
1. 110° 2. 280° to true north? example of triangle RST rotated
, 6' around the point R. This forms a
/ 1' 255°
5' tessellation.
1'
. 1 4' 2. FLYERS Nicki is making a flyer that
0'
contains a large capital “M”.
/' 1 3
.'
6
0 ,
5 4
M
Graph each figure and its image after the specified rotation about the origin. She decides that she needs to rotate the
5 4
“M” clockwise by 60°. Draw the rotated
3. PQR with vertices P(1, 3), Q(3, −2) 4. ABC with vertices A(−4, 4), B(−2, −1)
image. Determine if the following shapes can
and R(4, 2); 90° and C(2, −4); 270°
form a tessellation by rotating around
y " y "'
3' the given point.
2'

M
1 3 #'
a.
1'
0 x 0 x
$' # 3. ROTATIONS Mariah is looking at her
2 sink. The mark on the faucet for the cold

A10
water is shown below. 3
$

yes
5. quadrilateral WXYZ with vertices 6. trapezoid FGHI with vertices F(8, 7),
$
W(1, 3), X(3, 1), Y(-5, 6) G(5, 8), H(-3, -7) and I(-7, -2); 90° b.
and Z(-6, 5); 180° What angle does she need to rotate the
y (
Lesson 9-3

y '' faucet so that its mark has the correct 3

Answers (Lesson 9-3)

8 8
: ' orientation?
('
; 4 8 4
225 degrees
x x
9' 9
−8 −4 0 4 8 −8 −4 0 4 8
* )' 4. MAGNITUDES A circular dial with the no
8'−4 ;' −4
digits 0 through 9 evenly spaced around
−8
:' ) −8 *' c.
its edge can be rotated clockwise 36°.
How many times would you have to
perform this rotation in order to bring
the dial back to its original orientation? 3
7. NAVIGATION A boat travels 30 miles north, 20 miles east and 40 miles northeast. 10 times
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What is the angle of rotation of the boat’s direction from the start to the end?
315°
yes

Chapter 9 22 Glencoe Geometry Chapter 9 23 Glencoe Geometry

Glencoe Geometry
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7:36:48 PM 23 4/12/08 7:36:59 PM

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 Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

NAME DATE PERIOD NAME DATE PERIOD

Chapter 9
9-3 Enrichment 9-4 Study Guide and Intervention
Compositions of Transformations
Finding the Center of Rotation m Glide Reflections When two transformations are applied to a figure, one after another,
Suppose you are told that X' Y' Z' is the  the total transformation is a composition of transformations. A glide reflection is a
rotation image of XYZ, but you are not told translation followed by a reflection in a line parallel to the translation vector. Notice that
Z the composition of isometries is another isometry.
where the center of rotation is nor the measure Y
of the angle of rotation. Can you find them? Yes,
you can. Connect two pairs of corresponding Example Triangle ABC has vertices A(3, 3), B(4, -2) and C(-1, -3). Graph
vertices with segments. In the figure, the Z ABC and its image after a translation along〈-2, -1〉 and a reflection in the
segments YY' and ZZ' are used. Draw the Y
X x-axis.
perpendicular bisectors,  and m of these X
segments. The point C, where  and m intersect Step 1 translation along 〈-2, -1〉 Step 2 reflection in the x-axis.
is the center of rotation. (x, y) → (x - 2, y - 1) (x, y) → (x, -y)
C A(3, 3) → A(1, 2) A(1, 2) → A(1, -2)
B(4, -2) → B(2, -3) B(2, -3) → B(2, 3)
C(-1, -3) → C(-3, -4) C(-3, -4) → C(-3, 4)
y
$'' #'' "
1. How can you find the measure of the angle
of rotation in the figure above? Step 3 Graph ABC and its image ABC. "'

Draw ∠XCX' (∠YCY' or ∠ZCZ' would also do) and measure it with a 0 x
protractor.
Exercises #
Locate the center of rotation for the rotation that maps WXYZ onto W' X' Y' Z'. $' $ "'' #'

A11
Then find the measure of the angle of rotation. Triangle XYZ has vertices X(6, 5), Y(7, -4) and Z(5, -5).
Graph XYZ and its image after the indicated glide reflection.
2. Y' 3. W⬘

X⬘
1. Translation: along 〈1, 2〉 2. Translation: along 〈-3, 4〉
X' Reflection: in y-axis Reflection: in x-axis
W' y y
Y⬘ Z⬘ 9''
Z'
9 9
;'' :''
0 x 0 x
:''
;'' :
Z center of ; :
;
center of Z W rotation 9''
Answers (Lesson 9-3 and Lesson 9-4)

rotation
Y angle of
Y 3. Translation: along 〈2, 0〉 4. Translation: along 〈-1, 3〉
angle of X rotation: Reflection: in x = y Reflection: in x-axis
Lesson 9-4

rotation: W X about 110

about 100 10
:'' 10
y 9'' y
8 8
;'' 6 9 6 9
The segments students choose to bisect may vary. See students’ work.
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Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

4 4
;''
2 2
0 x 0 :''x
-10-8-6-4-2
-2 2 4 6 8 10 10-8-6-4-2
-2 2 4 6 8 10
-4 -4
-6 : -6 :
; ;
-8 -8
-10 -10 9''

Chapter 9 24 Glencoe Geometry Chapter 9 25 Glencoe Geometry

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Answers
 NAME DATE PERIOD
NAME DATE PERIOD

9-4 Skills Practice

Chapter 9
9-4 Study Guide and Intervention (continued)
Composition of Transformations Compositions of Transformations
−− −−
Figure DE has vertices D(1, 3) and E(3, −3). Graph DE and its image after the
Compositions of Reflections The composition of two reflections in parallel lines is indicated transformation.
the same as a translation. The compositions of two reflections in intersecting lines is the
same as a rotation. 1. Translation: along 〈0, −2〉 2. Translation: along 〈1, 2〉
Reflection: in x-axis Reflection: in y-axis
Example Copy and reflect figure A in line  and then line m. Then describe a y y
&'' %''
single transformation that maps A onto A. % %

Step 1 Reflect A in line ℓ. Step 2 Reflect A in line m.

0 x 0 x
" " "
%'' &''
& &

"' "'
3. Translation: along 〈-2, -1〉 4. Reflection: in x-axis
  Rotation: 270° about the origin Rotation: 90° about the origin
 "''
m m y y
m &''
% %
%''
%''
The compositions of two parallel lines is the same as a translation. 0 x 0 x
&''
Exercises

A12
& &
Copy and reflect figure P in line a and then line b. Then describe a single
transformation that maps P onto P.
Copy and reflect figure F in line u and then line v. Then describe a single
1. a 2. 1''
1 a transformation that maps F into F.
50° 5. u 6. u v
b '
Answers (Lesson 9-4)

''' ' 1

JO
b 1 2 '''
v
1'' 25°

rotation 180° rotation 100°

rotation; 50°
translation; 1 in.
Lesson 9-4

3. 4. 1''
1 u
7. u 8.
a
b '
125° '''
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1
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

b 45°
v v
a
'' '
translation rotation 250°
rotation; 180° rotation; 90°
Chapter 9 27 Glencoe Geometry
Chapter 9 26 Glencoe Geometry

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 Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

NAME DATE PERIOD NAME DATE PERIOD

Chapter 9
9-4 Practice 9-4 Word Problem Practice
Composition of Transformations Compositions of Transformations
Triangle ABC has vertices A(1, 3), B(−2, −1) and C(3, −2). Graph ABC and its 1. CONSTRUCTION To make a bridge 4. REASONING When a rotation and a
image after the indicated glide reflection. structurally sound, its base must be a reflection are performed as a composition
reflection along the center line of the of transformations on an image, does the
1. Translation: along 〈2, 0〉 2. Translation: along 〈−1, 1〉
river. Given the base on one side of the order of the transformations affect the
Reflection: in y-axis Reflection: in y = x
river, draw the other base. location of the final image sometimes,
y y
always or never? Explain.
"'' " "
$''
Sometimes. The order of rotating
"'' by 180° about the origin and
# 0 #'' x # 0 x
reflecting in the line y = x does
$'' $ $ not change the location of the
#''
final image.

3. Translation: along 〈-1, 2〉 4. Translation: along 〈0, 2〉 5. BORDERS Describe the transformations
Reflection: in x = y Reflection: in y-axis that are combined to create each border.
2. PATTERNS Describe the transformations
y "'' that are combined to create the carpet a.
y
" pattern.
$'' "

0 x "'' #'' successively horizontally reflect

$'' 0
x
along the first three shapes
#
$ #
$
#''
b.

A13
Copy and reflect figure F in line x and then line y. Then describe a single
transformation that maps F into F.
reflect the first two shapes
5. y 6. vertically, translate to the right
y '
x
and repeat
'
Answers (Lesson 9-4)

Rotate about a point on the c.

80° corner. Translate to the right and
120°
x
repeat.
'"
Translate the first five shapes
'"
3. FIND THE ERROR Surish says a
reflection in the x-axis and then a
rotation; 240° rotation; 160° reflection in the y-axis is the same as
rotating by 180° about the origin.
Lesson 9-4

7. 8. y Thomas says a reflection in the x-axis

' and then a reflection in the y-axis is the
x y
same as reflecting in the line y = x. Is
x
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Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

0 either of them correct? Explain your

1 in. reasoning.
' '"
Surish is correct. Doing both
''' reflections to (x, y) gives (−x, −y),
the same as rotating by 180
rotation; 2 in. rotation; 200° degrees.

Chapter 9 28 Glencoe Geometry Chapter 9 29 Glencoe Geometry

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Answers
 NAME DATE PERIOD NAME DATE PERIOD

Chapter 9
9-4 Enrichment 9-5 Study Guide and Intervention
Symmetry
Computer Graphics Symmetry In Two-Dimensional Figures A two-dimensional figure has line
An isometry is any transformation that preserves symmetry if the figure can be mapped onto itself by a reflection in a line called the line of
the distance between points. However, not every symmetry. A figure in a plane has rotational symmetry if the figure can be mapped onto
transformation is an isometry; some transformations itself by a rotation between 0° and 360° about the center of the figure, called the center of
distort the distance between points. symmetry.
In computer graphics it is necessary to distort images
Example 1 State whether Example 2 State whether
to give the illusion of depth or movement. For instance,
if something looks larger, it seems closer to you. If an the figure appears to have line the figure appears to have
object looks smaller, it seems farther away from you. symmetry. If so, draw all lines rotational symmetry. If so, 90°
of symmetry, and state their locate the center of symmetry
To give this illusion, a scaling is done to an image.
number. and state the order and
This either increases or decreases the size of an object by the scale factor.
magnitude of symmetry.
The heart has line symmetry.
Example It has one line of symmetry. The figure has rotational symmetry. The
Scale the shaded image at the right, using a scale figure has order 4 symmetry and magnitude
factor of 1:3. of 360 ÷ 4 or 90°. The center of symmetry is
3 the intersection of the diagonals.
Increase the size of each side by − , or 3. You can use a
1
ruler to help you. Measure the length of each side and then
increase that measurement by a scale factor of 3. Exercises
State whether the figure appears to have line symmetry. Write yes or no. If so,
draw all lines of symmetry and state their number.

1. 2. 3.

A14
Exercises
Scale the shaded image at the right using the appropriate scale
factor. Use a ruler to help you.
1. 1:5 2. 2:3

yes; 5 yes; 1 no
Answers (Lesson 9-4 and Lesson 9-5)

State whether the figure has rotational symmetry. Write yes or no. If so, locate the
center of symmetry, and state the order and magnitude of symmetry.

4. 5. 6.

3. 4:5 4. 2:1
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Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

5. 6:1 6. 4:3
Lesson 9-5

yes; 8; 45° no yes; 1; 180°

Chapter 9 30 Glencoe Geometry Chapter 9 31 Glencoe Geometry

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 Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

NAME DATE PERIOD NAME DATE PERIOD

Chapter 9
9-5 Study Guide and Intervention (continued) 9-5 Skills Practice
Symmetry Symmetry
Symmetry In Three-Dimensional Figures A three-dimensional figure has plane State whether the figure appears to have line symmetry. Write yes or no. If so,
symmetry if the figure can be mapped onto itself by a reflection in a plane. A three- draw all lines of symmetry and state their number.
dimensional figure has axis symmetry if the figure can be mapped onto itself by a rotation
between 0° and 360° in a line. 1. 2.

Example State whether the figure has plane symmetry, axis symmetry, both,
or neither.
a. b.
yes; 3 no
3. 4.

The cylinder has plane symmetry. The letter N has plane symmetry.
The cylinder has axis symmetry. no yes; 2
Exercises State whether the figure has rotational symmetry. Write yes or no. If so, locate the
State whether the figure has plane symmetry, axis symmetry, both, or neither. center of symmetry, and state the order and magnitude of symmetry.

1. 2. 5. 6.

A15
yes; 3, 120° yes; 8, 45°
both both 7. 8.
Answers (Lesson 9-5)

3. 4.

yes; 2, 180° no
State whether the figure has plane symmetry, axis symmetry, both, or neither.
both both
9. 10.
5. 6.
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Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Lesson 9-5

both both
both axis
Chapter 9 32 Glencoe Geometry Chapter 9 33 Glencoe Geometry

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Answers
 NAME DATE PERIOD NAME DATE PERIOD

Chapter 9
9-5 Practice 9-5 Word Problem Practice
Symmetry Symmetry
State whether the figure has line symmetry. Write yes or no. If so, draw all lines of 1. LETTERS Examine each capital letter in 5. PLACE SETTINGS Kelly is designing
symmetry and state their number. the alphabet. Determine which letters how she wants to put the place settings
have 180° rotational symmetry about a for her party. She wants the tables to be
1. 2. 3. point in the center of the letter. set up symmetrically with the design
H, I, N, O, S, X, Z that is on the table. First she places
plates shown.

2. POLYGONS A regular polygon has

rotational symmetry with an order of 5
and a magnitude of 72°. What is the
1 2 no figure? pentagon

a. What is the order and magnitude of

State whether the figure has rotational symmetry. Write yes or no. If so, locate the
3. HUBCAPS Steve found the hubcaps the rotational symmetry of the figure?
center of symmetry and state the order and magnitude of symmetry.
shown below at his local junkyard. Do order 2, magnitude 180°
4. 5. 6. the hubcaps appear to have line
symmetry? yes
b. Make the least possible number of the
additions of plates to the figure so
that the table has rotational
yes; 2, 180° yes; 5,72° yes; 16, 22.5° symmetry of order 4 around its center.

A16
State whether the figure has plane symmetry, axis symmetry, both, or neither.
7. 8.
4. SYMMETRY Martha made the figure
shown. How many lines of symmetry
does the figure have? c. Is it possible to rearrange the
Answers (Lesson 9-5)

locations of the 4 plates in the original

figure so that (1) their distance from
the center of the table does not
change,(2) their centers remain
both plane symmetry somewhere on the rectangle design,
and (3) the resulting figure has a
9. STEAMBOATS A paddle wheel on a steamboat is driven by a steam engine that rotates rotational symmetry of order 4? If so,
the paddles attached to the wheel to propel the boat through the water. If a paddle 8 draw the figure. If not, explain why.
wheel consists of 18 evenly spaced paddles, identify the order and magnitude of its
rotational symmetry. 18; 20°
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Lesson 9-5

Chapter 9 34 Glencoe Geometry Chapter 9 35 Glencoe Geometry

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 Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

NAME DATE PERIOD NAME DATE PERIOD

Chapter 9
9-5 Enrichment 9-6 Study Guide and Intervention
Dilations
Symmetry in Quadrilaterals Draw Dilations A dilation is a similarity transformation that enlarges or reduces a
Different types of quadrilaterals have different numbers figure proportionally. Dilations are completed with respect to a center point and a scale
factor.
of lines of symmetry. Did you know that the only quadrilateral
with exactly four lines of symmetry is a square? You can define
quadrilaterals by the number of lines of symmetry they contain. Example B'
Draw the dilation image of
Lesson 9-6

ABC with center O and r = 2. B B

All rectangles that are not squares have exactly two lines of symmetry. C'
Draw OA
, OB
, and OC. Label points A, B, and C C C
O O
so that OA = 2(OA), OB = 2(OB) and
A A
OC = 2(OC). connect the points to draw ABC. A'
ABC is a dilation of ABC.

Exercises
Use a ruler to draw the image of the figure under a dilation with center S and the
scale factor r indicated.
1
All isosceles trapezoids have exactly one line of symmetry. 1. r = 2 4 2. r = − 4
# 2
3'
#' 3
" $'
5'

"'
$ 5

A17
3. r = 1 4. r = 3
8 8 4
Exercises $
5 $'
Look at the statements below. Determine whether each statement is true or false.
Draw a counterexample for each false statement. 4
; 9
; 9 5'
1. All rhombi have exactly two lines of symmetry. true

2. Kites have exactly two lines of symmetry. false ::

Answers (Lesson 9-5 and Lesson 9-6)

3. A trapezoid that is not isosceles has no lines of symmetry. true

2
5. r = − 6. r = 1
3
4. All parallelograms have exactly two lines of symmetry. false
1 (
(
. 1' 3
3'
.' ' )
' )
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Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

7'
5. GENERALIZE Think about quadrilaterals and rotational symmetry. Write some 4 7 4
generalizations of your own about rotational symmetry and quadrilaterals. 8'
8 , +
See students’ work. , +

Chapter 9 36 Glencoe Geometry Chapter 9 37 Glencoe Geometry

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Answers
 NAME DATE PERIOD
NAME DATE PERIOD

9-6 Skills Practice

Chapter 9
9-6 Study Guide and Intervention (continued)
Dilations Dilations
Use the figure and point C. Then use a ruler to draw the image of the figure under
Dilations In The Coordinate Plane To find the coordinates of an image after a a dilation with center C and the scale factor r indicated.
dilation centered at the origin, multiply the x- and y-coordinates of each point on the
preimage by the scale factor of the dilation, r. 1
1. r = 2 2. r = −
4
(x, y) → (rx, ry)
Lesson 9-6

Example ABC has vertices A(−2, −2), B(1, −1), and C(0, 2). Find the image
of ABC after a dilation centered at the origin with a scale factor of 2.
Multiply the x- and y-coordinates of each vertex by
the scale factor, 2. y C C
(x, y) (2x, 2y)
A(−2, −2), A(−4, −4) Determine whether the dilation from Figure K to K' is an enlargement or a
$ $'
reduction. Then find the scale factor of the dilation and x.
B(1, −1) B(2, −2)
0 x
C(0, 2) C(0, 4) " # 3. 4.
#' ,' 2
Graph ABC and its image ABC
"' ,' 5
5
Exercises Y
7
Graph the image of each polygon with the given vertices after a dilation centered , ,
at the origin with the given scale factor.
Y

A18
1. E(-2, -2), F(-2, 4), G(2, 4), H(2, -2); 3. A(-2, -2), B(-1, 2), C(2, 1); r = 2
r = 0.5

' y ( #' y

'' (' # $'

$ enlargement; r = 3.5, x = 2 reduction; r = 2.5, x = 3
0
0 x x
Answers (Lesson 9-6)

&' )' "

& ) Find the image of each polygon with the given vertices after a dilation centered at
the origin with the given scale factor.
"'
5. J(2, 4), K(4, 4), P(3, 2); r = 2 6. D(–2, 0), G(0, 2), F(2, –2); r = 1.5

2. A(0, 0), B(3, 3), C(6, 3), D(6, -3), 4. A(2, 2), B(3, 4), C(5, 2); r = 2.5 y K' y
J'
1
E(3, -3); r = − G'
3 G
y y
14 J K D'
# $ 12 x
#' P' O
10 D F
#' $'
"
8 P
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

6
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

"' 0 x # F'
4 "' $' O x
&' %' "
2
$
& % 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 x

Chapter 9 39 Glencoe Geometry

Chapter 9 38 Glencoe Geometry

Glencoe Geometry
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 Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

NAME DATE PERIOD NAME DATE PERIOD

Chapter 9
9-6 Practice 9-6 Word Problem Practice
Dilations Dilations
Use a ruler to draw the image of the figure under a dilation with center C and the 1. CENTERS Margot superimposed the 4. COORDINATES Leila drew a polygon
indicated scale factor r. image of the with coordinates (-1, 2), (1, 2), (1, -2),
dilation of a and (-1, -2). She then dilated the image
3 2
1. r = − 2. r = − figure on its and obtained another polygon with
2 3
original coordinates (-6, 12), (6, 12), (6, -12),
figure as and (-6, -12). What was the scale factor
Lesson 9-6

shown. and center of this dilation?

C Identify the scale factor 6 and center (0, 0)
center of
C this dilation.
Explain how you found it.
5. PLANS Fred drew the footprint of a
Determine whether the dilation from K to K is an enlargement or a reduction. See figure. Connect points stage he was planning to build for his
Then find the scale factor of the dilation and x. and their images with straight band on a coordinate plane. He decided
lines. The point where they he wanted to make it smaller because he
3. 4. intersect is the center of
,' wanted to make sure it fit at every
dilation. venue.
y
2. SCALE FACTORS Tyrone drew a shape
,' 5
,
together with one of its dilations on the
same coordinate plane as shown.
10 15 1
y

Y 2 Image
-5 O 5 x

A19
Y 5

,
'
-5
enlargement; r = 2, x = 5 enlargement; r = 1.5, x = 3
-5 O 5 x
Original figure
a. Graph the image of Fred’s stage after
Graph the image of each polygon with the given vertices after a dilation centered a dilation centered at (0, 0) with scale
What is the scale factor of the dilation?
Answers (Lesson 9-6)

at the origin with the given scale factor. factor 0.5.

2.5
3 See figure.
5. A(1, 1), C(2, 3), D(4, 2), E(3, 1); r = 0.5 6. Q(-1, -1), R(0, 2), S(2, 1); r = −
2
3. DILATIONS Cara is making images for b. The perimeter of the image is
y y
a poster. She wants 26 units. What is the perimeter of
to thicken the five the original figure?
R' pointed star shown
S' 52 units
by dilating it, and
O x
Q' then filling in the
C' space between the
A' D'
E' original and its
O x
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

image. Sketch the dilated image with

the indicated center and a scale factor
of 1.5.
5 See figure.
7. PHOTOGRAPHY Estebe enlarged a 4-inch by 6-inch photograph by a factor of − .
2
What are the new dimensions of the photograph?
10 in. by 15 in.
Chapter 9 40 Glencoe Geometry Chapter 9 41 Glencoe Geometry

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Answers
 NAME DATE PERIOD

Chapter 9
9-6 Enrichment

Similar Circles
You may be surprised to learn that two noncongruent circles that lie
in the same plane and have no common interior points can be mapped
one onto the other by more than one dilation.

1. Here is diagram that suggests one way to

map a smaller circle onto a larger one using
a dilation. The circles are given. The lines
suggest how to find the center for the M'
dilation. Describe how the center is found. M
Use segments in the diagram to name the O A A'
scale factor.
Draw the two common external
tangents. The point where they intersect
is the center of a dilation that maps A
AM
onto A; scale factor = − .
AM

2. Here is another pair of noncongruent circles with no common

interior point. From Exercise 1, you know you can locate a point
off to the left of the smaller circle that is the center for a dilation

A20
mapping C onto C. Find another center for another dilation
that maps C onto C. Mark and label segments to name the
scale factor.
Answers (Lesson 9-6)

O
C C'

X'
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Find the intersection of the two common internal tangents;

CX
scale factor: - − .
CX

Chapter 9 42 Glencoe Geometry

Glencoe Geometry
025_043_GEOCRMC09_890518.indd 42 4/14/08 12:04:09 PM

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

 Chapter 9 Assessment Answer Key
Quiz 1 (Lessons 9–1 and 9–2) Quiz 3 (Lessons 9–4 and 9–5) Mid-Chapter Test
Page 45 Page 46 Page 47
Part I
Q(6, 4) 1.
U(-6, -1)
1.

translation 5.6 ft A
P(−3, 7) 1.
2.
2. to the right
The points are not
all moved the same
distance or in the
3. same direction. 3. G
2.

4. B(12, 2)

y
5. C
Q' 4. 3.
R'

P'

5. 1; 180 F
4.
O x

5. D
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Quiz 2 (Lesson 9–3) Quiz 4 (Lesson 9–6) Part II

Page 45 Page 46

6. S(7, 1)

1. A(2, -3)
enlargement D(1, 1), E(1, 6),
1.
Q F(-4, 6), G(-4, 1)
7.
2.
P 2. 2
R R'

Answers
T Q' No; the size has
A(5, 5), B(7.5, 10),
P' C(12.5, 5) been changed.
3. 8.
3. X(-1, 3), Y(2, 2)
Sample answer: B(-4, 7)
4. size 9.
4.
H, I, N, O, S, X, Z
5. . 10. 180°

5.
C

Chapter 9 A21 Glencoe Geometry

 Chapter 9 Assessment Answer Key
Vocabulary Test Form 1
Page 48 Page 49 Page 50

1. A 12. H

2. G
13. C
1. glide reflection 3. C

2. reflection 14. G

3. rotation F 15. C
4.

4. line symmetry

5. B

16. G

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

5. false; translation 6. J
17. B

6. true
false, line of 7. B 18. F
7. symmetry
8. J
19. C

8. composition
9. C

20. G
9. axis symmetry

10. H
10. center of rotation
Sample answer: the 120˚
fixed point around which
11. the points are turned. counterclockwise
B: or 240˚ clockwise
Sample answer: the smallest
angle through which a figure 11. A
can be rotated so that it
12. maps onto itself

Chapter 9 A22 Glencoe Geometry

 Chapter 9 Assessment Answer Key
Form 2A Form 2B
Page 51 Page 52 Page 53 Page 54

1. C 11. C 11. D
1. D

2. F
2. H
D 12. G
3. 12. G
3. C

13. D
13. D
4. H

14. H H
14.

15. D 4. H B
15.
5. A
5. A
F J
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

16. 16.

6. G 6. H
17. B
17. B

7. C 7. B
18. H
18. F
8. G
8. H

Answers
19. C
19. C

9. D

9. D

20. J
10. H J
20.

B:
(-a, b)
(−b, −a)
B:
10. G

Chapter 9 A23 Glencoe Geometry

 Chapter 9 Assessment Answer Key
Form 2C
Page 55 Page 56

1.
P(-2, -1)
11. 3
y
2. A' A
N'
12.
N
x
M'
C O C'
M
C O O'
B' B
3
1 −
3. 13. 4

14. reflection
No; it is not a
reflection in
line b. 15. y
4.

W(3, -2),
X(-8, 2)
5.
0 x
A(-1, -3)

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

order: 4
6.
B(-5, -1) magnitude: 90°
16.

17. a rotation of 100°

7.
(-1, -3)
18.
(-4, 7)

rhombus,
8.
square, rectangle A(1, -4),
B(6, -11), C(0, -8)
19.

A(4, 4), B(1, 2),

9.
C(-3, 1)
20. 2.2
a reflection in the
x-axis followed by a
translation along
10. reduction B: the vector 〈5, 3〉

Chapter 9 A24 Glencoe Geometry

 Chapter 9 Assessment Answer Key
Form 2D
Page 57 Page 58

1. (3, 6)
11. 35
y D
2. P

D'
Q' 12.
R' C' G E'
R O x
Q C E
4
−
P' 13. 3

3. 2

14. rotation
15. y
Yes; it is reflected
in both lines
4. a and b.

U(-1, 0), V(2, 3)

5.

0 x
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

16. 1
C(-4, 0), D(-4, 3)
6.
a translation of
17. 6 inches

7.
Q(-2, 1)
(-13, -4)
18.
order: 5,

Answers
magnitude: 72°
8. A(4, -2), B(7, -7),
C(1, -5), D(0, -4)
19.

A(-3, -1), B(4, -4),

C(-1, -2)
9. 4
20.

a reflection in the
x-axis followed by a
10.
enlargement
translation along
the vector 〈4, 3〉
B:

Chapter 9 A25 Glencoe Geometry

 Chapter 9 Assessment Answer Key
Form 3
Page 59 Page 60
1.
11.

y
2. U'
12.
6.6 in. by 8.4 in.
V' T

6
V T' −
13. 5
O x
U
Reflection in the
Sample answers: x-axis and the y-axis,
distance measure, 14. in either order.
betweenness of points,
3. ∠ measure, collinearity

4. m
B 
A
A'' B''
15. 3.5 cm
C
C''
a = 4, b = 3

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

16.
C(1, 13), D(-4, 9)
5.
order: 20,
magnitude: 18° 17. both
6.

R(3, -5), S(8, -7),

T(1, -10), 270° (4 + a, -7 + b)
7. 18.
reflection and
A(-4, -4), B(-1, -2), transformation to
C(3, -1) the right
8. 19.

9. Sample answer:

20. 120°

10. 9
(-3, 3 √
3)
B:

Chapter 9 A26 Glencoe Geometry

 Chapter 9 Assessment Answer Key
Extended-Response Test, Page 61
Scoring Rubric
Score General Description Specific Criteria

4 Superior • Shows thorough understanding of the concepts of

A correct solution that reflections, translations, rotations, dilations, and symmetry
is supported by well-developed, • Uses appropriate strategies to solve problems.
accurate explanations • Computations are correct.
• Written explanations are exemplary.
• Figures are accurate and appropriate.
• Goes beyond requirements of some or all problems.

3 Satisfactory • Shows an understanding of the concepts of reflections,

A generally correct solution, but may translations, rotations, dilations, and symmetry
contain minor flaws in reasoning or • Uses appropriate strategies to solve problems.
computation • Computations are mostly correct.
• Written explanations are effective.
• Figures are mostly accurate and appropriate.
• Satisfies all requirements of problems.

2 Nearly Satisfactory • Shows an understanding of the concepts of reflections,

A partially correct interpretation and/or translations, rotations, dilations, and symmetry
solution to the problem • Uses appropriate strategies to solve problems.
• Computations are mostly correct.
• Written explanations are effective.
• Figures are mostly accurate and appropriate.
• Satisfies all requirements of problems.

1 Nearly Unsatisfactory • Final computation is correct.

A correct solution with no supporting • No written explanations or work shown to substantiate the
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

evidence or explanation final computation.

• Figures may be accurate but lack detail or explanation.
• Satisfies minimal requirements of some of the problems.

0 Unsatisfactory • Shows little or no understanding of most of the concepts of

An incorrect solution indicating no reflections, translations, rotations, dilations, and symmetry
mathematical understanding of the • Does not use appropriate strategies to solve problems.
concept or task, or no solution is given • Computations are incorrect.
• Written explanations are unsatisfactory.
• Figures are inaccurate or inappropriate.
• Does not satisfy requirements of problems.
• No answer given.

Answers

Chapter 9 A27 Glencoe Geometry

 Chapter 9 Assessment Answer Key
Extended-Response Test, Page 61
Sample Answers
In addition to the scoring rubric found on page A27, the following sample answers
may be used as guidance in evaluating open-ended assessment items.
1. Sample answer: 4. Sample answer:
y
B'

A'
B

C
A
O C' x
2. Sample answer: A rectangular mirror
with two lines of symmetry, one vertical
and one horizontal, through the middle Reflect ABC with A(1, 1), B(2, 3), and
or a spoon with one line of symmetry C(-1, 2) in the x-axis, rotate 90° about
down the middle, etc. the origin, translate 2 units to the left
and 1 unit up, then dilate with center at
the origin and a scale factor of 2. The
3. Sample answer: image of ABC has vertices A'(-2, 4),
B'(2, 6), and C'(0, 0).

5. Sample answer:

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

"'
"

#'
# $'
$

Chapter 9 A28 Glencoe Geometry

 Chapter 9 Assessment Answer Key
Standardized Test Practice
Page 62 Page 63

8. F G H J

9. A B C D

1. A B C D
10. F G H J

11. A B C D

2. F G H J

12. F G H J
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

3. A B C D

13.
0 . 8
4. F G H J

0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2 2
3 3 3 3 3
5. A B C D
4 4 4 4 4
5 5 5 5 5

Answers
6 6 6 6 6
7 7 7 7 7
8 8 8 8 8
9 9 9 9 9

14.
1 8 6

6. F G H J

0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2 2
3 3 3 3 3
4 4 4 4 4
7. A B C D 5 5 5 5 5
6 6 6 6 6
7 7 7 7 7
8 8 8 8 8
9 9 9 9 9

Chapter 9 A29 Glencoe Geometry

 Chapter 9 Assessment Answer Key
Standardized Test Practice (continued)
Page 64

m∠1 = 77,
15. m∠2 = 103

16. 3

E(7, 6) and
17.
F(-6, -12)

18.
〈-200, 300〉

A(-1, -3),
B(2, 0)

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

19.

(1, 5)
20. a.

A(-3, 6), B(1, 6)

C(1, 2), B(-3, 2)
b.

c.
A B

D C
A' B'

D' C'

Chapter 9 A30 Glencoe Geometry

 Chapter 9 Assessment Answer Key
Unit 3 Test
Page 65 Page 66
13. 
1. yes

2. 1:4 Q(14, 4),

99 14.
T(11, -4)
x = 25; JK = 9 −;
11
KG = 7.5; order: 10;
6 15. magnitude: 36°
scale factor = −
3. 11

(-5, -4)
16.

5 5
4. r =− ;
2
17.
enlargement
2
22 − units
5. 7

6. √
53 ≈ 7.3
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

18.
B(-3, -3)
7. 33.7

yes;
2 2 2 19. 45 in. and 63 in.
8. 27 + 120 = 123

9. 158.4 cm

Answers
20. r=1
10. 60

11. 28.1
r ≈ 11.1;
m∠S ≈ 39.5;
12. m∠T ≈ 100.5

Chapter 9 A31 Glencoe Geometry