SECURE MEDICAL DATA TRANSMISSION MODEL FOR

IOT- BASED HEALTHCARE SYSTEMS

ABSTRACT

The transmission of data through any channel of communication needs strong encryption
techniques for the purpose of data security. Internet of things (IoT) creates an integrated
communication environment of interconnected devices and platforms by engaging both virtual
and physical world together. Due to the significant advancement of the IoT in the healthcare
sector, the security and the integrity of the medical data became big challenges for healthcare
services applications. This paper proposes a hybrid security model for securing the diagnostic
text data in medical images. The proposed model is developed through integrating 2D Discrete
Wavelet Transform 2 Level (2D-DWT-2L) steganography technique with a proposed hybrid
encryption scheme. The proposed hybrid encryption schema is built using a combination of
Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), and Rivest, Shamir, and Adleman (RSA) algorithms. The
proposed model starts by encrypting the secret data; then it hides the result in a cover image
using 2D-DWT-2L. Both color and gray-scale images are used as cover images to conceal
different text sizes. The performance of the proposed system was evaluated based on six
statistical parameters; the Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), Mean Square Error (MSE), Bit
Error Rate (BER), Structural Similarity (SSIM), Structural Content (SC), and Correlation.
Compared to the state-of-the-art methods, the proposed model proved its ability to hide the
confidential patient's data into a transmitted cover image with high imperceptibility, capacity,
and minimal deterioration in the received stego-image.

OBJECTIVES

This paper aims to improve the security of medical data transmission based on the integration
between a steganography technique and a hybrid encryption scheme to get a highly secured
healthcare system.
EXISTING SYSTEM
With the advent of remote digital healthcare based IoT systems, the transmission of medical data
becomes a daily routine.
 Bairagi, A. K., et al, proposed three color image steganography approaches for protecting
information in an IoT infrastructure. The first and third approaches use three (red, green,
and blue) channels, while the second approach uses two (green and blue) channels for
carrying information. Dynamic positioning techniques have been used for hiding
information in the deeper layer of the image channels with the help a shared secret key.
 Anwar, A. S., et al, developed a technique to secure any type of images especially
medical images. They aimed to maintain the integrity of electronic medical information,
ensuring availability of that information, and authentication of that information to ensure
that authorized people only can access the information. First, the AES encryption
technique was applied on the first part. The ear print also embedded in this work, where
seven values were extracted as feature vector from the ear image. The proposed technique
improved the security of medical images through sending them via the internet and
secured these images from being accessed via any unauthorized person.
 Abdel-Nabi, H., et al, proposed a crypto-watermarking approach based on AES standard
encryption algorithm and reversible watermarking data hiding technique to secure
medical images. The results proved that the proposed approach achieves both the
authenticity and integrity of the images either in the spatial domain or the encrypted
domain or both domains.

EXISTING SYSTEM DRAWBACKS

 The conventional encryption methods failed to give the desired result of protecting the
data.
 DES is breakable, as the key is 56-bit length.
 The existing Encryption Standard comparatively slower.
PROBLEM STATEMENT
With the advent of remote digital healthcare based IoT systems, the transmission of medical data
becomes a daily routine. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an efficient model to ensure the
security and integrity of the patient's diagnostic data transmitted and received from IoT
environment. This goal is carried out using steganography techniques and system encryption
algorithms together to hide digital information in an image.

PROPOSED SYSTEM
This paper proposes a healthcare security model for securing a medical data transmission in IoT
environments. The proposed model composes of four continuous processes:
(1) The confidential patient's data is encrypted using a proposed hybrid encryption scheme that
is developed from both AES and RSA encryption algorithms.
(2) The encrypted data is being concealed in a cover image using 2D-DWT-2L and produces a
stego-image.
(3) The embedded data is extracted.
(4) The extracted data is decrypted to retrieve the original data.

Encryption cryptography is the process of encoding messages in a way that hackers cannot read
it, but that can be authorized personnel. The two main algorithms used for data encryption in this
work are the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) and the Rivest-Shamir-Adleman (RSA)
algorithm. AES is a symmetric cipher where the same key is used on both sides. It has a fixed
message block size of 128 bits of text (plain or cipher), and keys of length 128,192, or 256 bits.
When longer messages are sent, they are divided into 128-bit blocks. Apparently, longer keys
make the cipher more difficult to break, but also enforce a longer encrypt and decrypt process.
On the contrary, the RSA is a public key algorithm, which widely used in business and personal
communication sectors. It has the advantage of having a variable key size ranging from (2-2048)
bits.
This paper implements both 1-level and 2-level of DWT steganography techniques that operate
on the frequency domain. It split up the image into high and low iteration parts. The high
iteration part contains edge information, whereas the low iteration part is frequently divided into
high and low iteration parts.
 PROPOSED SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM

DIAGNOSTIC DIAGNOSTIC
TEXT +
TEXT
+
+
EVEN
PART

ODD
PART
AES
RSA RSA
AES ODD
PART
EVEN
PART

+
+ CIPHER DATA

+
COVER
COVER DISCRETE WAVELET INVERSE DISCRETE
IMAGE
IMAGE TRANSFORM (DWT) WAVELET (COLOR &
(COLOR & TRANSFORM (DWT) Gray )
Gray )

CLOUD COMPOSED
DECOMPOSED
IMAGE (IOT) IMAGE
CIPHER DATA

STEGO
STEGO
IMAGE STEGO
IMAGE IMAGE

FIGURE 1: THE PROPOSED FRAMEWORK FOR SECURING THE MADICAL DATA

TRANSMISSION.
FLOW CHART:

Start

KEY TEXT IMAGE

WAVELET
ENCRYPTION
TRANSFOR
M

ENCRYPT
Text INVERSE
SEND
HH-3 sub-band WAVELET
IMAGE
TRANSFOR

WAVELET
TRANSFOR
M

HH-3 sub-
band

EXTRACTED DECRYPTED
End
DATA DATA
PROPOSED METHODOLOGIES
Algorithm (1): Hybrid (AES & RSA) Algorithm.
Inputs: secret plain Stext message.
Output: main_cipher message , key s
Algorithm-:
Throughout the encryption process, the plain text T is divided into odd part T-ODD and even
parts T-EVEN.
The AES is used to encrypt T-ODD using a secret public key s. The RSA is used to encrypt T-
EVEN using a secret public key m.

https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/rsa-algorithm-cryptography/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ayiOhApI6SM

Algorithm (2): Embedding 2D-DWT-2L Algorithm.

Algorithm-: Haar-DWT

2D-DWT-2L can be formulated as a consecutive transformation using low-pass and high-pass

filters.

Algorithm-2: Least Significant Method

Step-1: Read the value of the pixel.

Step-2: Convert it to its equivalent binary form.
Step-3: Modify the least significant bit accordingly.

PROPOSED SYSTEM ADVANTAGES

 The benefit of steganography is that it can be utilized to transmit classified messages
without the fact of the transmission being detected.
 It is safe, secure and protected transmission of data .
 AES is faster.
 In AES we can use 128,192 or 259 bits long key ,so AES key is harder to break than
DES,
  The encrypted text is embedded in the LL-sub-band of the wavelet transformed image.
 Compared to the state-of-the-art methods, the proposed model proved its ability to hide
the confidential patient's data into a transmitted cover image with high imperceptibility,
capacity, and minimal deterioration in the received stego-image.]\

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS

 MATLAB 7.14 Version R2012

MATLAB

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