3years LLB Syllabus Nagpur University

LL.
B (3 YEAR) COURSE
DETAILED SYLLABUS
Format and Distribution of Marks in the Question Papers of the End

Semester Examination & Instructions
1] For all subjects except Legal language:

Every Question Paper of Theory Subject of 80 marks except that of Legal Language shall be
modelled on the following Pattern:
1. There shall be 9 questions in all, generally covering all units in the syllabus.
2. Out of that Question No 1 will be compulsory and shall consist of short notes type
questions. The students must attempt any four (4) short notes out of six (6). Question no 1
shall be of 20 marks.
3. All other questions shall have to be answered in the descriptive. They shall be of 10 marks
each, and out of which the students will be required to solve any six (6).
2] For Paper in the Subject of Legal Language & Legal Writing:

1. There will be two sections in the Question paper namely, Section A and Section B.
2. The Question paper shall have 10 questions.
3. Question No.1 in Section A and Question no.10 of Section B shall be compulsory and shall
be of 10 marks each.
4. Question No.10 shall be divided as 10(a) and 10(b) and shall carry 5 marks each (10 marks
in all)
5. All other questions shall be as per the instructions given in the question paper and any 6
questions have to be answered out of the remaining 8 questions, each carrying 10 marks.
6. The question relating to Legal Terminology shall have 6 choices out of which candidate
shall be required to write any 5.Each of the terminologies shall carry 2 marks
7. The question relating to legal maxims shall have 4 choices out of which the candidate shall
be required to answer any 2.Each of the maxims shall carry 5 marks
LL.B I Semester (Three years Course)
Course Code 1.1
CONSTITUTIONAL LAW – I
UNIT – I:
• Historical Background to the Framing of the Indian Constitution: General Idea about
the Constituent Assembly of India.
• Preamble – Nature & Significance
• Salient Features of the Constitution of India
• Citizenship under the Indian Constitution
UNIT – II
• Fundamental Rights : Its meaning, nature & significance; Relationship of

Fundamental Rights and Human Rights
• State: Definition and Judicial Interpretation
• Law: Meaning of Law and Judicial Review; Laws inconsistent with, or in derogation
of Fundamental Rights; Doctrine of Eclipse; Doctrine of Severability
UNIT – III
Right to Equality : Articles 14-18 and Judicial Interpretation thereof:
• Concept and Significance of the Right to Equality: Equality before Law and Equal
Protection of Laws; Doctrine of Reasonable Classification; New doctrine of Equality:
Equality and Arbitrariness; Judicial Interpretation of the Right to equality
• Prohibition Against Discrimination
• Equality in Public Employments
• Abolition of Untouchability
• Abolition of Titles
UNIT- IV
Right to Freedoms : Articles 19-22 and Judicial Interpretation thereof:
• Freedoms and the Reasonable Restriction on the exercise of those freedoms under
Article 19
• Protection against ex-post facto laws; Protection against Double Jeopardy; Privilege
against Self-Incrimination
• Right to Life and Personal Liberty
• Right to Education
• Protection Against Arrest and Preventive Detention
UNIT – V:
Right Against Exploitation: Articles 23, 24: Judicial Interpretation thereof
• Prohibition against Forced Labour

• Prohibition against Child Labour
Right to Freedom of Religion: Articles 25-28: Judicial Interpretation thereof
• Concept of Secularism
• Religious freedom of the Individual & Religious Denominations
• Restrictions on Right to freedom of religion; Essential Religious Practices Test
• State responsibility in matters of religion
Cultural and Educational Rights: Articles 29 & 30: Judicial Interpretation thereof
UNIT VI:
Right to Constitutional Remedies: Article 32 and Judicial interpretation thereof
• Writ Jurisdiction – Meaning, nature and significance

• Article 32 and the different kinds of writs
• Article 226 – Its nature and comparison with Article 32
• Public Interest Litigation
UNIT VII:
Directive Principles of State Policy
• Concept of Welfare State and Social Justice

• Meaning, Nature and Significance of Directive Principles – Non-justiciability of
Directive Principles
• Relationship between Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles
Fundamental Duties
• General nature
• Enforceability of Fundamental Duties.
Suggested Readings:
1. M P Jain, Indian Constitutional Law, Wadhwa & Company, Nagpur

2. V N Shukla, Constitution of India, Eastern Book Company, Lucknow
3. Granville Austin, Indian Constitution: Cornerstone of a Nation, Oxford University
Press, New Delhi
4. H M Seervai, Constitutional Law of India (3 Volumes) Universal Law Publishing Co
Pvt Ltd
5. GCV Subba Rao, Indian Constitutional Law, S Gogia & Company, Hyderabad
6. J N Pandey, Constitutional Law of India, Central Law Agency, Allahabad
7. Dr D D Basu, Introduction to the Constitution of India, Lexis Nexis.
NOTE: In view of the fact that many legislative amendments and court decisions could
be handed down on the topics covered hereinabove after this syllabus has been made
applicable, students are expected to study all such latest amendments and court
decisions also, on the topics mentioned in the aforesaid syllabus.
Course Code 1.2
LAW OF TORTS
UNIT I
• Evolution of Law of Torts, Common Law developments

• Principles of justice ,Equity and Good Conscience
• Nature, Scope, Characteristics and Objects of Law of Torts
• Distinction between Tort and Contract, Tort and Crime
UNIT II
• Principles of Liability- Fault & No-fault Liability

• Essential elements of Torts
• Malfeasance, Misfeasance & Non-feasance
• Place of Motive under law of torts
• Justifications/ General Defences In Tort
UNIT III
• Extinguishment of liability
• Capacity & Parties in Torts: Who may sue and who may not be sued
UNIT IV
• Defamation
• Trespass to Land and Trespass to person
• Negligence, Doctrine of Contributory Negligence; Res Ipsa Loquitur
• Nuisance
• Liability: Liability of State (Doctrine of Sovereign immunity);Vicarious liability,
Strict Liability and Absolute Liability
UNIT V
• Legal Remedies: Doctrine of Causation, Remoteness of Damages; Judicial Remedies:

Damages, Injunction, Specific Restitution of Property; Extra-Judicial Remedies.
Suggested Readings:
1. D.D. Basu, The Law Of Torts, Kamal , Calcutta.
2. D.M.Gandhi , Law Of Tort, Eastern Book Company Lucknow.
3. Ratanlal And Dhirajlal, The Law of Tort, Universal Publishers ,Delhi.
4. J. N. Pandey, Law of Tort, Central Law Publication Allahabad.
5. Salmond and Heuston –On the Law of Torts (2000) Universal, Delhi.
6. W.V.H. Rogers, Winfield & Jolowicz on Tort, Sweet & Maxwel, London.
Note: In view of the fact that many legislative amendments and court decisions could be
handed down on the topics covered hereinabove after this syllabus has been made
decisions on the topics mentioned in the aforesaid syllabus.
Course Code 1.3
FAMILY LAW – I (HINDU LAW)

UNIT I
• Introduction, Concept of Hindu and Sources of Hindu Law- Modern and Ancient
• Two Principal Schools of Hindu Law
• Application of Hindu Law.
UNIT II
• Traditional concept of Hindu Marriage

• The Hindu Marriage Act, 1955
• Matrimonial Remedies - Maintenance and Alimony.
UNIT III
• Hindu undivided family, Mitakshara Joint Family-Formation and Incidents-Property

under both Schools
• Karta: Position, Powers, Privileges and Obligations, Debts, Doctrine of Pious
Obligation, Partition and Reunion.
UNIT IV
• Inheritance and Succession - Historical perspective of traditional Hindu Law relating

to Inheritance
• The Hindu Succession Act, 1956 along with recent State and Central Amendments to
Hindu Succession Act;
• Stridhana : Woman‘s Property
• Gifts and Testamentary Succession
• Wills
UNIT V
• Law relating to Hindu Minority and Guardianship: Kinds of Guardians; Duties &
Powers of Guardians
• The Hindu Adoption and Maintenance Act, 1956;
• Maintenance : Provisions under various legislations and Judicial interpretations
UNIT VI
• Family Courts Act ,1984 : Salient Feature; Constitution of Family Court; Jurisdiction;
Powers; Appeals & Revisions;
• Lok Adalats in Settlements of Disputes relating to marriage and Divorce ;Uniform
Civil Code ( Article 44 of the Indian Constitution);
Suggested Readings:
1. Paras Diwan ,Family Law of Marriage and Divorce in India (1984).Allahabad Law
Agency.
2.Mulla’s, Principles of Hindu Law, Butterworth co.
3.Diwan Paras , Modern Hindu Law, Allahabad Law agency, Faridabad.
4. Subbba Rao, G C V , Family Law
5.Saharaj, H K Laws of Marriage and Divorce, Eastern Law House
6. Singh Jaspal,Hindu Law of Marriage &Divorce, Pioneer publication.
7. Dr. Anjali Hastak, Empowerment of women through Property Rights in Hindu Law,
SPARC Publication, Chandrapur.
Course Code 1.4
LAW OF CONTRACT – I
UNIT – I
• History – Formation of Contract; Agreement and Contract; Definitions &
Classification
• Offer and Acceptance – Communication
• Revocation – Essential elements
• Invitation to Offer – Tenders.
• Consideration –Nudum Pactum- Essential elements – Privity of Contract and of
Consideration
• Exceptions – Unlawful Consideration and its effect.
• Contractual Ability –– Time and Place of Contract
• E-contracts- legal effect of E-contracts
UNIT – II
• Capacity to Contract
 Minor‘s Agreements and its effects
 Persons of unsound mind
 Persons disqualified by Law.
• Free Consent : Coercion - Undue influence – Misrepresentation – Fraud – Mistake
• Legality of Object – Void Agreements – Agreements against Public Policy –
Wagering Agreements – Its exceptions
• Contingent Contracts.
UNIT – III
• Discharge of Contracts and its various Modes - by performance – Time and place of
performance – Performance of reciprocal promises - Appropriation of Payments
• Discharge by Agreement
• By operation of Law
• By frustration (Impossibility of Performance)
• By Breach (Anticipatory and Actual).
UNIT – IV
• Remedies for Breach of Contracts
 Damages – Remoteness of damages – Ascertainment of damages
 Injunction – When granted and when refused
 Restitution
 Specific performance when granted and when not granted
 Quasi Contracts.
Suggested Readings:
1. Anson: Law of Contract, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1998.

2. Krishnan Nair: Law of Contract , S.Gogia & Co., Hyderabad 1995.
3. G.C.V. Subba Rao: Law of Contract, S.Gogia & Co., Hyderabad 1995.
4. T.S.Venkatesa Iyer: Law of Contract, revised by Dr. Krishnama Chary, S. Gogia & Co.
5. Avtar Singh: Law of Contract , Eastern Book Company, Lucknow, 1998
6. Law of Contract by Mulla, Lexis Nexix
7. S.K. Kapoor: Law of Contract, Central Law Agency
Course Code 1.5
LEGAL LANGAUGE & LEGAL WRITING
SECTION A
UNIT –I-GENERAL STUDY OF LAW
• Definition of Law
• Functions of law
• Kinds of Law
• Classification of Law
• Sources of Law
• Rights ad Remedies
UNIT -II – CHARACTERISTICS OF LEGAL LANGUAGE
• Meaning of Legal Language

• Scope and Domain of Legal Language
• Problems of Legal Language
• Interpreting the Law
UNIT -III – LEGAL TERMINOLOGY
• Ad hoc, Ad interim, Animo attestandi, Alibi, Ad valorem, Ambiguitas – patent,

Ambiguitas – latents, Amicus Curiae, Animus possidenti, Bona Fide(s), Corpus juris
civilis, Caveat emptor, De facto, De jure, Detenu, En masse, Ex officio, Ex-cathedra,
Ex-parte, Ex-gratia, En-route, Ens legis, Ex post facto, Factum valent, In pari delicto,
In pari material, In lieu of, In personam, In rem, Inter se, Impasse, In situ, Inter alia,
In toto, Ipso facto, Intra vires, Jure Divino, Jus in rem, Jus ad rem, Jus tertii, Jus in re
aliena, Jus in re propria, Jus gentium, Jus natural, Laissez faire, Legalis homo, Lex
loci, Locus standi, Magnum bonum, Magnum opus, Mala fides, Modus operandi,
Mutatis and mutandis, Note bene, Novus homo, Onus probandi, Obiter dictum, Prima
facie, Quid pro quo, Res integra, Res nullius, Sine qua non, Socius criminis, Sans,
Status quo, Suo motu, Ultra vires, Vox populi vox dei.
UNIT -III – LEGAL MAXIMS
• Actus dei nemini facit injuriam

• Actus non facit reum nisimens sit rea
• Actus personalis moritur cum persona
• Audi alteram partem
• Communis error facit jus
• Damnum sine injuria
• Delegates non potest delegare
• Ex turpi causa non oritur action
• Falsus in uno falius in omnibus
• Generalia specialibus non derogant
• Ignorantia facit excusat ignorantia juris non excusat
• Injuria sine damno
• Nemo dat quod non habet
• Novus actus interveniens or nova causa interveniens
• Noscitur a sociis
• Par in partem imperium non habet
• Qui facit per alium facit per se
• Respondeat superior
• Res ipsa loquitor
• Res non potest peccare
• Ubi jus ibi idem remedium
• Vigilantibuset non domientibus, jura subveniunt
• Volenti non fit injura
UNIT -IV – FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF LEGAL WRITING
Concision, clarity and cogency
• Simplicity of structure
• Title
• Heading
• Use of italics
• Numbers
• Definition of terms
• Contractions
• Use of first person
• Ellipses & alterations
• Citations, references and foot notes
UNIT-V – LEGAL DRAFTING OF PLEADINGS
• Notices
• Affidavit
• Agreement of sale
• Promissory note
• Plaint
• Written statement
• Will
SECTION B
UNIT -VI – PARAPHRASING AND SYNOPSIS WRITING
• Legal passages from legal articles for paraphrasing

• Synopsis writing of paragraphs from case laws or judgements/Case
Comments.
Suggested Readings:
1. Peter Tiersma, Legal Language (University of Chicago Press, 1999).

2. Legal Language and Legal Writing – S.C.Tripathi
3. Legal Language, Legal writing and general English – Prof. Dr. Saria Gupta
and B. P. Agrawal
4. Outline of Legal language in India – Dr. Anirudh Prashad
5. Legal Language and Legal rights – S. N. Mishra
6. Legal language and Legal rights – Tandon
LL.B II Semester (Three years Course)
Course Code 2.1
CONSTITUTIONAL LAW – II
UNIT – I:
Legislature under the Indian Constitution
• Union and State Legislatures - Composition, Powers, Functions

• Privileges of the members of legislature; Privileges and Fundamental Rights
• Anti-Defection Law – X Schedule
Executive under the Indian Constitution
• President and Union Council of Ministers

• Powers and functions of the office of the President
• Governor and State Council of Ministers – Dual capacity of the Governor
• Powers and functions of the Governor
UNIT – II:
Judiciary under the Constitution
Supreme Court of India
• Appointment of Judges
• Powers and Jurisdictions of the Supreme Court: Original, Appellate and Advisory
Jurisdiction – Articles 131, 32, 136, 143
High Courts
• Appointment and Transfer of Judges

• Powers and Jurisdiction of the High Courts – Articles 226 & 227
Independence of Judiciary & Judicial Accountability
UNIT – III:
• Concept of Cooperative and Competitive Federalism

• Centre State Relations - Legislative, Administrative and Financial Relations
UNIT- IV:
• Freedom of Interstate Trade, Commerce and Inter course

• Services under the State - All India Services; Doctrine of Pleasure & Its Exceptions
UNIT – V:
Emergency:
• Need of Emergency Provisions

• Different kinds of Emergency - National, State and Financial emergency
• Impact of Emergency on Federalism and Fundamental Rights
UNIT VI:
Amendment of the Constitution:
• Need of provisions for Amendment of the Constitution

• Power and procedure of amendment of the Indian Constitution
• Amendability of Fundamental Rights & the Basic Structure Theory
Suggested Readings:
1. M P Jain, Indian Constitutional Law, Wadhwa & Company, Nagpur

1. V N Shukla, Constitution of India, Eastern Book Company, Lucknow
2. Granville Austin, Indian Constitution: Cornerstone of a Nation, Oxford University
Press, New Delhi
3. H M Seervai, Constitutional Law of India (3 Volumes) Universal Law Publishing
Co Pvt Ltd
4. GCV Subba Rao, Indian Constitutional Law, S Gogia & Company, Hyderabad
5. J N Pandey, Constitutional Law of India, Central Law Agency, Allahabad
6. Dr D D Basu, Introduction to the Constitution of India, Lexis Nexis.
Course Code 2.2
LAW OF CRIMES
UNIT I
• Concept and meaning of crime

• Distinction between crime and tort
• Elements of Crime-Actus Reus and Mens rea
• Stages of crime
• Codification of Law of Crimes in India
• Application of the Indian Penal Code- Territorial and Extra Territorial application
• General Explanations
• Kinds of Punishments.
UNIT II
• General exceptions under Indian Penal Code

• Abetment
• Criminal Conspiracy
UNIT III
Offences affecting human body (offences affecting human life):
• Culpable Homicide and Murder

• Hurt and Grievous Hurt
• Wrongful restraint and Wrongful confinement
• Criminal force and Assault
• Kidnapping and abduction
UNIT IV
• Offences Against Women :Eve teasing, Rape, Custodial rape, relevant provisions
under Criminal Amendment Act, 2013; relevant legislative provisions in relation to
Prevention of immoral traffic, Prohibition of indecent representation of women and
Dowry Death.
• Offences relating to Marriage – Cruelty by Husband and relatives of Husband,
Bigamy
• Adultery.
• Defamation.
UNIT V
• Offences against Property: Theft, Extortion, Robbery & Dacoity, Cheating, Mischief,
Criminal Trespass, Criminal misappropriation and Criminal breach of trust.
• Offences by or relating to public servants.
• Offences against the State.
• Offences against Public Peace and Tranquility.
Suggested Readings:
1. RatanLal and Dhiraj Lal: Indian Penal Code, Wadhwa & Co., 2000.
2. Achutan Pillai: Criminal Law, Butterworth Co., 2000.
3. Gour K.D.: Criminal Law - Cases and Materials, Butterworth Co., 1999.
4. Kenny's: Outlines of Criminal Law, (1998 Edition)
5. Smith & Hogan’s Criminal Law, Oxford
6. Glanvill Williams- Criminal Law, Universal Law Publishing Co.
Course Code 2.3
FAMILY LAW II (MUSLIM LAW)

UNIT I
• Development of Islamic Law: Advent of Islam & development of Muslim Law

• Schools and Sources of Islamic Law
• The Shariat Act, 1937.
UNIT II
• Concept of Marriage (Nikah): Definition, object and nature
• Essential requirements of a Muslim marriage, Classification of marriage
• Legal effects of valid, void and irregular marriage
• Muta marriage
• Dower
• Divorce (Talaq); Modes of Divorce; Divorce under the Dissolution of Muslim
Marriages Act, 1939; Legal Effects of Divorce.
UNIT III
• Guardianship: Meaning and Kinds of Guardianship
• Parentage- Legitimacy and Acknowledgement- Special Rules regarding Legitimacy;
Acknowledgement of Paternity; Conditions of a valid acknowledgement; Effects of
acknowledgement; Distinction between Acknowledgement and Adoption.
UNIT IV
• Maintenance: Persons entitled to maintenance-a) wife b) children c) aged/infirm
parents
• Maintenance of divorced women-provisions under the Criminal Procedure Code1973;
Maintenance of divorced Muslim Women under the Muslim Women (Protection of
Rights on Divorce) Act,1986.
• Relevant provisions for maintenance under Domestic Violence Act.
UNIT V
• Will and Inheritance: Will-Meaning, difference between will and gift, Will made in
death-bed or during illness;
• Muslim law of Inheritance- General Principles of Inheritance; Classes of Heirs-Shia
and Sunni schools.
UNIT VI
• Pre-emption
• Law of Gifts
• Law of Wakf.
.
Suggested Readings:
1 A.A.A Fyzee- Outline of Mohammedan Law.
2 A.M Bhattacharjee-Muslim Law and Constitution, Easter Law House, Calcutta.
3 Purohit DR. Nishi ,The principles of Mohammedan Law, Orient publications.
4 Mulla- Mohammedan Law, Butterworth Co.
5 Paras Diwan - Family Law, Allahabad Law Agency, Faridabad
6 Qureshi, M.M- Muslim Law.
7 Myneni, S R, Muslim Law.
8 Hidayatulla, M, Principles of Mohammedan Law.
9 Qazal Basha Yawer, Principles of Muslim Law, Modern Law House.
Course Code 2.4
LAW OF CONTRACT – II
UNIT – I
• Contract of Indemnity – Documents/Agreements of Indemnity - Definition, Nature
and Scope - Rights of indemnity holder – Commencement of the indemnifier‘s
liability
• Contract of Guarantee – Definition, Nature and Scope – Difference between contract
of indemnity and Guarantee – Rights of surety – Discharge of Surety – Extent of
Surety‘s liability – Co-surety.
• Contract of Bailment – Definition – Kinds – Duties of Bailer and Bailee – Rights of
Finder of goods as Bailee – Liability towards true owner – Rights to dispose off the
goods.
• Contract of pledge – Definition – Comparison with Bailment – Rights and duties of
Pawnor and Pawnee
UNIT – II
Agency:
• Definition & Creation of Agency

• Kinds of Agents & Distinction between Agent and Servant
• Rights and Duties of Agent
• Relation of Principal with third parties
• Extent of Agents authority – Personal liability of Agent
• Termination of Agency.
UNIT – III
Indian Partnership Act :
• Definition – Nature, Mode of determining the existence of Partnership

• Registration of Firms
• Relation of Partner to one another
• Rights and duties of partner
• Relation of partners with third parties; Joint and Several liability
• Types of partners
• Admission of partners – Retirement – Expulsion – Death - Dissolution of Firm.
Salient Features of Limited Liability Partnership Act, 2008.
UNIT – IV
Sale of Goods Act:
• The Contract of sale

• Conditions and Warranties
• Passing of property
• Transfer of title
• Performance of the Contract
• Rights of Unpaid Seller against goods
• Remedies for Breach of Contract
UNIT – V
Government Contracts
Suggested Readings:
1. Avtar Singh - Law of Contract

2. J. P. Verma - The Law of Partnership in India
3. Saharay H. K - Indian Partnership and Sale of Goods Act
4. Krishnan Nair - Law of Contract Hire Purchase Act
5. Pollock and Mulla - Indian Contract Act
Course Code 2.5
COMPANY LAW
UNIT I
• Definition and attributes of Company
• Kinds of Companies including Multinational Companies
• Advantages and Disadvantages of Incorporation
• Consequences of non-compliance of the provisions of the Companies Act in matters
of incorporation.
UNIT II
• Formation of Company: Promoters- Meaning, duties and liability;
• Registration and Incorporation- E-Process and Formation of Company, Memorandum
and Article of Association -Various clauses of Memorandum, Doctrine of Ultra-
vires.
• Alteration of Memorandum, & Article of association,
• Binding force of Memorandum and Articles of Association,
• Doctrine of Constructive Notice, Doctrine of Indoor Management;
• Prospectus -Meaning and contents, Remedies for misrepresentation, Criminal liability
UNIT III
• Shares –Definition, Types, Dematerialized shares (DEMAT), Allotment, Statutory
restrictions
• Transfer of shares and Buy back of shares- procedure, practice
• Debentures – Definition, Kinds, Fixed and Floating charges, remedies of debenture
holders,
• Debenture Trustee
• Insider Trading and the Amended SEBI (Prohibition of Insider Trading) Regulation,
2015 in India.
UNIT IV
• Management of Company -Concept of Corporate Governance
• Directors and other Key Managerial persons – Position, Qualification,
Disqualification, Appointment and Removal, Powers, Duties, Remuneration and
Liability
• Company Secretary – Definition, Qualification, Statutory Duties and liabilities
• Meetings – Kinds, Procedure, Voting;
• UNIT V
Minority Protection -Protection of Minority rights, Rule in Foss vs. Harbottle with
Exceptions;
• Prevention of Oppression and Mismanagement;
UNIT-VI
• Amalgamation, Take over, Mergers
• Issues in Competition Law relating to Mergers and Acquisitions
• Winding up of Company -Meaning, Voluntary Winding-up, Grounds for compulsory
winding up; Appointment, Powers and Duties of Liquidator, Contributories,
UNIT-VII
• Legal liability of company – civil and criminal,
• NCLT, NCLAT – Formation, powers etc.
Suggested Readings:
1. Ashwin Labnnai Shah, Lectures on Company Law, Tripathi Pvt. Ltd.; Mumbai
2. Avtar Singh, Indian Company Law, Eastern Book Company, Luknow
3. Ramaiya, Guide to Companies Act (Vol. 1 & 2), Wadhwa & Company, Nagpur
4. S. M. Shah, Lectures on Company Law, Tripathi, Bombay
5. S.S. Gulshan, Company Law, Excel Books
6. Dr. N. V. Paranjape, Company Law, Central Law Agency
7. B.K. Sen Gupta, Company Law, Eastern Law House, Kolkata
8. R. R. Pennington, Company Law, Butterworths
LL.B III Semester (Three years Course)
Course Code 3.1
JURISPRUDENCE
UNIT – I:
• Meaning, Nature and Value of Jurisprudence

• Sources of Law: Legislation, Precedent and Custom; Comparison between legislation
and precedent.
• Relationship between Law and Morality; Law and Justice
• Administration of Justice: Civil and Criminal
LEGAL THEORY
UNIT – II:
• Natural Law School of Jurisprudence- General Approaches: Ancient, Medieval and

Modern
• Analytical School of Jurisprudence
 John Austin’s theory of Law
 Primary and Secondary Rules- Prof.H.L.A.Hart’s Concept of Law
 Pure theory of Law- Prof. Hans Kelsen
• School of Legal Realism -Justice Oliver Holmes’ Bad Man Theory
UNIT – III:
• Historical School of Jurisprudence
 Savigny and the concept of Volkgeist
 Legal Fiction- Sir Henry Maine
• Sociological School of Jurisprudence
 Roscoe Pound’s theory of Social Engineering
CONCEPTUAL JURISPRUDENCE
UNIT – IV:
• Legal Rights and Duties

 Characteristics of Legal rights,
 Hohfeld’s Analysis of Rights
 Kinds of Legal Rights
• Persons
 Definition and Kinds
 Legal status of : Animals, Unborn persons, Dead persons, Idols
UNIT- V:
• Liability
 Meaning, nature and Kinds
 Difference between Civil and Criminal liability
 Liability for negligent acts
 Exemptions from liability
UNIT – VI:
• Ownership
 Meaning and essentials
 Kinds of Ownership
• Possession
 Meaning and Scope
 Essential elements; Possession in fact and possession in law
 Possessory remedies
• Property
 Meaning and kinds
 Modes of acquiring property
UNIT VII:
• Gender Jurisprudence
 Feminist jurisprudence
 Emerging jurisprudence with regard to sexual minorities
Suggested Readings:
1. Salmond: Jurisprudence, Universal Publishers.

2. Paton : Jurisprudence
3. Allen : Law in the Making, Universal Publishers.
4. Mahajan V.D.: Legal Theory and Jurisprudence, Eastern Book Company, Lucknow.
5. Dias : Jurisprudence, Aditya Books.
6. Rama Jois, Legal and Constitutional History of India, Universal Law Publications, Delhi.
LL.B. III Semester (3 Years Course)
Course Code 3.2
CIVIL PROCEDURE CODE AND LIMITATION ACT
UNIT I
• Codification of Civil Procedure and Introduction to CPC — Principal features of the

Civil Procedure Code
• Hierarchy of courts
• Suits ; Parties to Suit; Framing of Suit —Institution of Suits — Bars of Suit
• Doctrines of Sub Judice and Res Judicata
• Place of Suing — Transfer of suits
• Territorial Jurisdiction ; ‘Cause of Action’ and Jurisdictional Bars
• Summons ; Service of Foreign summons.
UNIT II
• Pleadings: Contents of pleadings; Forms of Pleading; Striking out / Amendment of

Pleadings
• Plaint: Essentials of Plaint - Return of Plaint; Rejection of Plaint
• Production and marking of Documents; Written Statement; Counter claim — Set
off ; Framing of issues.
UNIT III
• Appearance and Examination of parties & Adjournments

• Ex-parte Procedure
• Summoning and Attendance of Witnesses — Examination — Admissions —
Production, Impounding, Return of Documents
• Hearing ; Affidavit
• Judgment and Decree ; Concepts of Judgment, Decree, and Interim Orders and
Stay ; Injunctions
• Appointment of Receivers and Commissions ; Costs
• Execution ; Concept of Execution; General Principles of Execution ; Power of
Execution; Power of Executing Courts; Procedure for Execution; Modes of
Execution
• Arrest and detention; Attachment and Sale.
UNIT IV
• Suits in Particular Cases; Suits by or against Government ; Suits relating to public

matters; Suits by or against minors, persons with unsound mind, - Suits by indigent
persons – Interpleader suits
• Incidental and supplementary proceedings
• Appeals, Reference, Review and Revision — Appeals from Original Decrees;
Appeals from Appellate Decrees; Appeals from Orders; General Provisions
Relating to Appeals.
UNIT V
• Law of Limitation — Concept of Limitation; Object of limitation - General

Principles of Limitation
• Extension: Condonation of delay; Sufficient Cause — Computation of limitation
• Acknowledgment and Part-payment; Legal Disability; Provisions of the
Limitation Act, 1963 (Excluding Schedule)
Suggested Readings:-
1. Mulla,Code of Civil Procedure Code (1999)Universal, Delhi.

2. C.K. Thakkar ,Code of Civil Procedure Code(2000)Universal ,Delhi.
3. M.R.Mallik (ed)B.B. Mitra, On Limitation Act (1998) Eastern ,Lucknow.
4. P.K. Majumdar and R. P. Kataria, Commentry On The Code of Civil Procedure Code-
1908,Universal ,Delhi.
5. P.K.Mukharjee, Limitation Act, Allahabad Law Agency.
6. Shailendra Malik, Code Of Civil Procedure, Allahabad Law Agency.
7. Dr.Avtar Singh, Code of Civil Procedure, Central Law Publication, Allahabad.
8. Sarkar’s Commentary on The Civil Procedure Code, Dwivedi, Allahabad Law

Agency.
9. AIR Commentaries on Limitation Act, W.W. Chitaley, AIR Ltd., Nagpur.
Course Code 3.3
LABOUR LAW-I
UNIT-I
• Labour Capital conflicts - evolution of Labour laws- Laissez fair to Welfare State
• Constitutional Perspectives of Labour welfare and Industrial relations
• Concept of Collective bargaining;
• Trade Unions:
 History of Trade Union Movement
 The Trade Union Act 1926 – Definitions - Registration – Rights and
Liabilities of Registered Trade Unions; Immunities
 Amalgamation and dissolution of Unions
 Reorganization of Trade Unions.
UNIT-II
Prevention and Settlement of Industrial Disputes in India
• The role of State in Industrial Relations
• The Industrial Disputes Act 1947 - Definition of industry - Industrial Dispute –
Individual Dispute - workman- Lay off – Retrenchment - Closure -Award - Strike –
Lockout
UNIT--III
Authorities under the I D Act
• Works committee – Conciliation - Court of inquiry - Labour Courts- Tribunal
• Powers and functions of authorities
• Voluntary Arbitration
Provisions under Chapter V-A & V- B of the Act
• Alteration of conditions of service
• Management rights of action during pendency of proceedings – Recovery of money
due from employer
• Unfair labour practices
• Miscellaneous provisions of the Act.
UNIT--IV
Standing Orders
• Concept and Nature of Standing Orders
• scope and coverage
• Certification process – its operation and binding effect
• Modification and Temporary application of Model Standing Orders
• Interpretation and enforcement of Standing Orders and provisions contained in the
Industrial Employment (Standing Orders ) Act 1946.
UNIT--V
Disciplinary Proceedings in Industries
• Charge sheet – Explanation – Domestic enquiry - Enquiry officer – Enquiry report –
Punishment
• Principles of Natural Justice.
Suggested Readings:
1. Srivastava: Law of Trade Unions , Eastern Book Company, Lucknow
2. Goswami : Labour and Industrial Law, Central Law Agency.
3. R.F. Rustomji : Law of Industrial Disputes : Asia Publishing House, Mumbai
4. S.N. Misra : Labour and Industrial Law
5. J.N. Malik : Trade Union Law
6. Khan& Khan : Labour Law , Asia Law House, Hyderabad
7. S.C. Srivastava : Industrial Relations and Labour Law, Vikas Publishing House
Course Code 3.4
LAW OF TAXATION
UNIT-I :
• Constitutional basis of power of taxation —Arts. 265 to 289

• Scope of Tax Laws-Tax and Fee-Capital Receipt and Revenue Receipt
• Basic concept of Income Tax — Outlines of Direct Tax and Indirect Tax -- Definition
of Income and Agricultural Income under Income Tax Act — Residential Status —
Previous Year — Assessment Year — Computation of Income.
UNIT-II:
• Incomes which do not form part of Total Income;

• Heads of Income and Computation — Income from Salary, Income from House
Property- Profits and Gains of Business or Profession-Capital Gains and Income from
other sources.
UNIT-III:
• Clubbing of Income; Set off and Carry Forward of Losses

• Deductions to be made in computing Total Income
UNIT-IV:
Law and Procedure
• P.A.N. — Filing of Returns — Payment of Advance Tax -- Deduction of Tax at

Source (TDS) -- Double Tax Relief
• Law and Procedure for Assessment- Kinds of Assessment, Penalties, Prosecution,
Appeals and Grievances -- Authorities.
UNIT-V :
The Central Goods and Service Tax Act 2017
• Nature and definitions in GST

• Administration and Collection of Tax
• Time and Value of supply
• Input tax credit
• Registration, Accounts and records, Returns, Assessment, Payment of Tax, Refund,
Audit, Search and seizure
• Appeals and revision
• Advance Ruling
UNIT-VI:
The Integrated and Union Territories Goods and Service Tax Act 2017
• The Integrated Goods & Service Tax Act 2017

• Administration and collection of tax
• Determination of nature of supply, place of supply, Refund, Zero Rated Supply
• Appointment of Tax and Settlement of funds.
Suggested Readings :
1.Dr. Vinod K.Singhania: Student Guide to Income Tax, Taxman, Allied Service Pvt.
Limited.
2. Dr. Gurish Ahuja: Systematic Approach to Income Tax, Bharat Law House Pvt. Limited.
3.Taxman, Basis of GST
4.Taxman, GST Made Easy
5. Handbook of GST in India
6. Rakesh Garg, Sandeep Garg - Bloomsbury India Professional
Course Code 3.5
CYBER LAW
UNIT I
FUNDAMENTALS OF E-COMMERCE AND E-CONTRACTING:
• Fundamentals of Computer and Web Technology

• Electronic data Interchange,
• Salient Features of E-commerce,
• Advantages and Limitations,
• Models of E-commerce,
• Salient features of E-contract,
• Formation of E-contracts and Types,
• Need for Cyber Law
UNIT II
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ACT:-
• Concept of Digital Signatures & Electronic Signatures
Technical issues :- Cryptography, Concept of Public key and Private Key,

Process of Formation and Verification.
Legal issues: Definition, Recognition and Authentication of digital &
Electronic signature under IT Act, Certification Authorities and their role,
Public Key Infrastructure under the IT Act
E-contracting under IT Act
UNIT III
CYBER CONTRAVENTIONS
• Different Types of Civil Wrongs under the IT Act, 2000
UNIT IV
CYBER CRIMES AND THE IT ACT, 2000
• Understanding Cyber Crimes,

• Types of Cyber Crimes,
[Hacking, Cyber Stalking, Cyber Pornography, Cyber Terrorism, Cyber
Defamation, Digital Forgery, Identity Theft and Fraud],
• Different Offences under the IT Act 2000
UNIT V
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY ISSUES IN CYBER SPACE

• Interface with Copyright Law and Patent Law,
• Trade mark and Domain name related issues.
UNIT VI
DISPUTE RESOLUTION IN CYBER SPACE
• Concept of Jurisdiction in cyber space,

• issues of Jurisdiction in cyber Space,
• Jurisdiction under IT Act, 2000.,
• Dispute Resolutions
UNIT VII
CONSTITUTIONAL & HUMAN RIGHTS ISSUES IN CYBERSPACE
• Freedom of Speech and Expression in Cyberspace

• Right to Access Cyberspace – Access to Internet
• Right to Privacy
• Right to Data Protection
Suggested Readings:
1. Kamlesh N. & Murali D.Tiwari(Ed), IT and Indian Legal System, Macmillan India Ltd, New
Delhi
2. K.L.James, The Internet: A User’s Guide (2003), Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi
3. Chris Reed, Internet Law-Text and Materials, Universal Law Publishing Co., New Delhi
4. Vakul Sharma, Hand book of Cyber Laws, Macmillan India Ltd, New Delhi
5. S.V.Joga Rao, Computer Contract & IT Laws (in 2 Volumes), 2005 Prolific Law Publications,
New Delhi
6. T.Ramappa, Legal Issues in Electronic Commerce, Macmillan India Ltd, New Delhi
7. Indian Law Institute, Legal Dimensions of Cyber Space, New Delhi
8. Pankaj Jain & Sangeet Rai Pandey, Copyright and Trademark Laws relating to Computers,
Eastern Book Co, New Delhi
9. Farouq Ahmed, Cyber Law in India
10. S.V.Joga Rao, Law of Cyber Crimes and Information Technology Law, 2007,
Wadhwa & Co, Nagpur
11 Rodney D. Ryder, Guide to Cyber Laws, Wadhwa and Company, Nagpur
LL.B. IV Semester (3 Years Course)
Course Code 4.1
ADMINISTRATIVE LAW
UNIT I:
Nature and Scope of Administrative Law
• Meaning, Definition and Evolution of Administrative Law
• Reasons for growth of Administrative Law
• Distinction between Administrative law and Constitutional Law
UNIT -II
Basic concepts of Administrative Law
• Rule of Law : Interpretation of Dicey's Principle of Rule of Law ; Modern trends in
the Indian context
• Theory of Separation of Powers — Position in India, UK and USA
UNIT -III
• Delegated Legislation :
 Meaning, Reasons for the growth and Classification of delegated legislation
 Judicial and Legislative Control of Delegated legislation
• Administrative Adjudication
 Meaning and Reasons for emergence
 Control mechanism
• Classification of Administrative actions : Legislative, Quasi-judicial, Administrative
and Ministerial functions
UNIT -IV
• Principles of Natural Justice
• Judicial Control of Administrative Action : Grounds of Judicial Control:
Judicial Review and Writ Jurisdiction: Articles 32, 226,227,136 and 13
• Administrative discretion and its control.
UNIT –V
• Ombudsman: Lokpal and Lok Ayukta
• Liability of the State in Torts and Contracts ; Rule of Promissory Estoppel
• Commissions of Inquiry
• Central Vigilance Commission
• Public Corporations and their control mechanisms.
Suggested readings
1. M.P. Jain and S.N. Jain, Principals of Administrative Law, Wadhwa and Company,
Nagpur.
2. Dr. S. P. Sathe , Administrative Law, Butterworths, New Delhi.
3. Durga Das Basu and A.K.Nandi, Administrative Law, Kamal Law House, Calcutta.
4. H.W.R. Wade and Christopher Forsyth, Administrative Law, Clarendon Press, Oxford
5. A. K. Shrivastav,Administrative Law (2 Vols.), Delhi Kamal Prakashan
6. Indian Law Institute, Cases and Materials on Administrative Law in India

7. J.C. Garner, Administrative Law, Butterworths, New Delhi
Course Code 4.2
CRIMINAL PROCEDURE CODE
UNIT I - Introduction
• Object, extent, Nature and scope of Criminal Procedure
• Preliminary Considerations - a. Classification of offences
b. Distinction between Investigation, Inquiry and Trial
c. Constitution of Criminal Courts and Its Power
d. Functionaries under the Code (Police, Public
Prosecutor)
UNITII – Arrest
• Meaning and purpose of arrest
• Arrest with a warrant
• Arrest without a warrant
• Arrest by a private Person
• Arrest of a woman
• Arrest how made
UNIT III - Maintenance of Wives, Children and Parents
• Essential conditions for granting maintenance
• Jurisdiction of Magistrates
• Alteration of allowance
• Cancellation of the order of the maintenance
UNITIV – Search and Seizure
• Search with a warrant
• Search without warrant
• General provisions relating to searches
• Illegalities in a search and its consequences
UNITV – Investigation
• Meaning and purpose of Investigation
• Who can investigate?
• When police can investigate?
• Information to the police
• F.I.R. and procedure after the recording of the F.I.R
• Evidentiary value of statements made to the police
• Investigation in the case of unnatural deaths and suicides, in police custody etc.
UNITVI – Charge And Trials
• Framing of charge
• Form and content of charge
• Separate charges for distinct offences
• Discharge - pre-charge evidence
Trials- Trial before a court of session
• Trial of warrant cases
• Procedure for trial in a summons case
• Summary trials
• Plea Bargaining
UNITVII – Bail, Appeal, Reference, Revision and Transfer
• Bail: concept, purpose: constitutional overtones
• When release on bail is mandatory?
• When release on bail is Discretion?
• Anticipatory bail
Appeal, Reference, Revision and Transfer --Appeal
• Reference to High Court
• Revision
• Transfer of cases
Suggested Readings:
1. RatanlalDhirajlal, Criminal Procedure Code (1999) Universal, Delhi.
2. K I Vibhute, Durga Das Basu Criminal procedure Code,1973, Lexis Nexis.
3. S C Sarkar, Sarkar the Code of Criminal Procedure Code, Lexis Nexis.
4. K D Gaur, Textbook on the Code of Criminal Procedure, Universal Law Publishing.
5. S N Mishra, The Code of Criminal Procedure, Central Law Publications.
6. Chandrasekharan Pillai (ed.) Kelkar's Outlines of Criminal Procedure (2001), Eastern,
Lucknow.
Course Code 4.3
LABOUR LAW - II
UNIT I
The Remunerative Aspects
• Wages – Concepts of wages - Minimum, Fair, Living Wages - Wage and Industrial
Policies
• Whitley Commission Recommendations
• Provisions of Payment of Wages Act 1936 - Timely payment of wages - Authorised
deductions – Claims
• Minimum Wages Act 1948 - Definitions - Types of wages -Minimum rates of wages
- Procedure for fixing and revising Minimum Wages – Claims -Remedy.
UNIT -II
Bonus
• Concept : Right to claim Bonus – Full Bench formula - Bonus Commission

• Payment of Bonus Act 1965 - Application – Computation of gross profit, available,
allocable surplus
• Eligibility of Bonus - Disqualification of Bonus - set on – set off of allocable surplus
• Minimum and Maximum Bonus-Recovery of Bonus.
UNIT -III
Employees Security and Welfare aspect
• Social Security - Concept and meaning - Social Insurance - Social Assistance

Schemes.
• Social Security Legislations
 Law relating to workmen‘s compensation - The Employees‘s Compensation

Act 1923 (Amended in 2009) – Definitions -Employer‘s liability for
compensation - Nexus between injury and employment - payment of
compensation - penalty for default
 Employees State Insurance Act 1948 – Application - Benefits under the Act -
Adjudication of disputes and claims – ESI Corporation.
UNIT -IV
• Employees Provident Fund and Miscellaneous Provisions Act 1952
 Contributions ; Schemes under the Act; Benefits.

• The Maternity Benefit Act 1961 - Definitions-Application - Benefits.
• The Payment of Gratuity Act 1972 – Definitions – application - Payment of gratuity -
eligibility – forfeiture – Nomination - Controlling authorities.
UNIT -V
• The Factories Act 1948
 Chapters dealing with Health, Safety and Welfare of Labour.

 Provisions Relating To Hazardous Processes
 Working Hours Of Adults
• Employment Of Young Persons
 Salient features of the Child and Adolescent Labour (Prohibition and

Regulation) Act 1986.
Suggested Readings:
1. S.N.Misra, Labour and Industrial Laws, Central law publication 22nd edition. 2006.
2. N.G. Goswami, Labour and Industrial Laws, Central Law Agency.
3. Khan & Kahan, Labour Law-Asia Law house, Hyderabad
4. K.D. Srivastava, Payment of Bonus Act, Eastern Book Company
5K.D. Srivastava, Payment of Wages Act
6. K.D. Srivastava, Industrial Employment (Standing Orders) Act 1947
7. S.C.Srivastava, Treatise on Social Security
8. V.J.Rao, Factories Law
Course Code 4.4.1
BANKING LAW (OPTIONAL PAPER)
UNIT – I
Indian Banking Structure
• Origin & Evolution of Banking Institutions

• Types and functions of banks - Commercial banks – Functions
• Banking Companies in India
• RBI - Constitution, Management and Functions
• Banking Regulation Act, 1949
• State Bank of India, UTI, IDBI, RRBs, Local banks
UNIT - II
Employment of funds
• Loans and Advances- Guarantees

• Advances secured by Collateral securities
• Agency Services
• Financing of Exports
• Special Banking Services
• Advances to Priority Sectors and Credit Guarantee schemes
• Securitization Act, 2002. (SARFAESI Act, 2002)
UNIT - III
Law relating to Negotiable Instruments, 1881 Act (Read with the amended Act of 2002):
• Negotiable Instruments - Kinds - Holder and holder in due course – Parties –

Negotiation- Assignment – Presentment – Endorsement – Liability of parties –
Payment in due course – Special rules of evidence - Material alteration – Noting and
protest – Paying banker and collecting banker – Bills in sets
• Penal provisions under NI Act
• Banker’s book evidence Act, 1891.
UNIT – IV
Banker and customer Relationship

• Definition of banker and customer
• General relationship – Special relationship
• Banker‘s duty of secrecy,
• Banker’s duty to honour cheques,
• Banker’s lien, and banker’s right to set off
• Appropriation of payments - Garnishee order
• Customer’s duties towards his banker.
• Opening of New Accounts
• Special types of customers - Minor‘s A/C, Joint A/C, Partnership A/C, Company‘s
A/C, Married women‘s A/C, Trust A/C, Joint Hindu family A/C - Illiterate persons,
lunatics, executors
• Precautions required in case of administrators, clubs, societies and charitable
institutions to open an account
UNIT – V
Ancillary Services and E- Banking
• Remittances - General, DD, MT, TT, Traveler‘s cheques, bank orders, credit card,
debit/smart cards, safe deposit vaults, gift cheques, stock invest.
• E-Banking - Definition – E-Banking includes - Internet banking, mobile banking,
ATM banking, computerized banking –
• E- banking services – retail services – wholesale services – E- Cheque-authentication-
Cyber Evidence
• Banking Ombudsman.
Suggested Readings:
1. M. L. Tannan- Law of Banking.
2. M. S. Parthasarathy (Ed.), Khergamvala - Negotiable Instruments Act.
3. Taxman: Law of Banking, India Law House
4. R.N. Chaudhary, Banking Laws, Central Law Publications, Allahabad.
5. Avtar Singh – Negotiable Instruments Act.
6. Basu - Review of Current Banking: Theory and Practice.
7. Paget- Law of Banking.
8. L. C. Goyle- The Law of Banking and Bankers.
9. Relevant provisions of Information Technology Act, 2000

Course Code 4.4.2
INSURANCE LAW (OPTIONAL PAPER)
UNIT – I
Introduction
• Insurance : Nature & Definition
• History and development of Insurance in India
• Insurance Act, 1938 – The Insurance Laws (Amendment) Act 2015, Empowerment of
IRDAI, Health Insurance, Consumer Welfare
• Insurance Regulatory Authority Act, 1999: Its role Powers and Functions of the
Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority.
• Rights and Liabilities of Insurer and Insured person,
• Life Insurance Contract – Nature and Scope, Establishment and Functioning of LIC.
UNIT – II
Contract of Insurance
• Classification of contract of Insurance
• Nature of various Insurance Contracts-
• Principles of utmost good faith – non disclosure –Misrepresentation in Insurance
Contract
• Insurable Interest
• Premium: Definition-method of payment, days of grace, forfeiture, return of premium,
Mortality
• The risk –Meaning and scope of risk, Causa Proxima, Assignment of the subject
matter.
UNIT – III
Life Insurance:
• Nature and scope of Life Insurance
• Kinds of Life Insurance.
• The policy and formation of a life insurance contract- Event insured against Life
Insurance contract- Circumstance affecting the risk- Amount recoverable under the
Life Policy- Persons entitles to payment- Settlement of claim and payment of money
• Life Insurance Corporation Act, 1956- Insurance against third party rights
• General Insurance Act, 1972
• The Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 – Sec. (140-176), Nature and scope- Absolute or no
fault liabilities, Third party or compulsory insurance of motors vehicles- Claims
Tribunal- Public Liability Insurance –Legal aspects of Motor Insurance –Claims –
Own Damages Claims – Third Party Liability Claims.
UNIT – IV
Fire Insurance:
• Nature and scope of Fire Insurance –
• Basic Principles – Conditions & Warranties – Right & Duties of Parties – Claims
Legal Aspects.
• Introduction to Agriculture Insurance – History of Crop Insurance in India – Crop
Insurance Underwriting, Claims, and problems associated with Crop Insurance – Cattle
Insurance in India.
UNIT – V
Marine Insurance:
• Nature and Scope- Classification of Marine policies-
• Insurable interest- Insurable values-
• Marine insurance and policy- Conditions and express warranties- Voyage deviation-
Perils of sea- Loss- Kinds of Loss- The Marine Insurance Act, 1963 (Sections 1 to 91).
Suggested eadings:
1. K. S. N. Murthy and K. V. S. Sharma - Modern Law of Insurance in India.

2. M. H. Srinivasan - Principles of Insurance Law.
3. E. R. Hardy Ivamy - General Principles of Insurance Law, relevant Chapters.
4. Insurance Act, 1938.
5. The Marine Insurance Act, 1963.
6. General Insurance (Business) (Nationalization) Act, 1972.
7. The Life Insurance Corporation Act, 1956.
8. Motor Vehicle Act, 1988.
9. M.N. Srinivasan, Principles of Insurance Law (1997), Ramaiya Publishers
10. Avatar Singh : Law of Insurance , Eastern Book Company, Lucknow
11.K.S.N. Murthy and KVS. Sharma: Modern Law of Insurance in India, (2002),
Butterworths, Delhi
Course Code 4.5
CLINICAL PAPER I
ALTERNATE DISPUTE RESOLUTION (ADR)

The course will be taught through classroom instruction in association with the Practicing
Lawyers. However there is no end semester theory examination for this Course. Students
have to prepare a record covering the topics specified in Unit-I to III of Section -A and
assigned to the students. The Student shall be required to attend and observe the proceedings
of Lok Adalats, Family Courts, Tribunals and other ADR Systems and shall record at least 10
proceedings in the diary.. The record and Report shall be submitted within the stipulated time
to the evaluation Committee constituted by the College with a Full Time Teacher and Practicing
Advocates. The mode of Assessment shall be as follows:-
A) Record on Topics from Unit I to III – 40 Marks

(Internal marks to be awarded by the evaluation Committee)
B) Diary on Lok Adalat, Family Court,Tribunals & other ADR Proceedings 40 Marks
(To be awarded by both External & Internal Examiner jointly)
C) Viva – Voce 20 Marks

( to be awarded by both External & Internal Examiner jointly)
Note :- Student shall get atleast 45% of the marks in each of the above components.
Unit-I:
Alternate Dispute Resolution
• Characteristics , Advantages and Disadvantages; Unilateral — Bilateral — Triadic
(Third Party) Intervention
• Techniques and processes : Negotiation — Conciliation —Arbitration — Distinction
between Arbitration, Conciliation and Negotiation.
Unit-II:
The Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 :
• Historical Background and Objectives of the Act
• Definitions of Arbitration, Arbitrator, Arbitration Agreement
• Appointment of Arbitrator & Termination of Arbitrator
• Proceedings in Arbitral Tribunal -- Termination of Proceedings
• Arbitral Award -- Setting aside of Arbitral Award — Finality and Enforcement of
Award
• Appeals – Enforcement of Foreign Awards.
• Conciliation – Appointment of Conciliators
• Powers and Functions of Conciliator ; Procedure
• Settlement of disputes through conciliation.
. Unit-III:
Other Alternative Dispute Resolution Systems :
• Tribunals
• Lokpal and Lokayukta
• Lok Adalats
• Family Courts.
• Section 89 and Order X, Rules 1A, 1B and 1C of Civil Procedure Code.
. Suggested Readings:
1. O.P. Tiwari : The Arbitration and Conciliation Act (2nd Edition): Allahabad Law
Agency.
2. Johar's : Commentary on Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996: Kamal Law House.
3. Acharya N.K.: Law relating to Arbitration and ADR, Asia Law House,Hyderabad
4. Tripathi S.C.: Arbitration, Conciliation and ADR, Central Law Agency, Allahabad.
5. Avatar Singh: Arbitration and Conciliation, Eastern Law Book House, Lucknow.
6. KSR Murthy: An introduction to ADR Mechanism, Gogia Law Agency, Hyderabad
7. P.C. Rao : Alternate Dispute Resolution , 2001 Edition, Universal Book Traders,
New Delhi.
8. S.D. Singh: Alternate Dispute Resolution, Universal Book Traders, New Delhi.
LL.B. V Semester (3 Years Course)
Course Code: 5.1
PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW

UNIT I:
• Origin, Development and Definition of International Law

• Nature and Basis of International Law
• Sources of International Law
• Relationship between Municipal Law and International Law (Monism, Dualism,
British, American and Indian Practice)
• Subjects of international law
UNIT II:
• State: essential characteristics of a State in International Law

• Sovereignty of States, Kinds of states, Rights and duties of states
• State succession: Definition and Kinds of Succession
• Consequences of state succession
• Succession in respect of International Organization
• State Jurisdiction
• State Territory and modes of acquisition and loss of state territory
UNIT III:
• Responsibility of states, kinds and consequences.

• Recognition: Definition of State Recognition
• Recognition of Government
• Theories and Modes of Recognition
• Legal Effects of Recognition
UNIT IV:
• Extradition &Asylum
• Nationality
• Diplomatic agents, Consuls and other representatives
• Formation of treaties
• Mode of consent, Reservation and termination.
UNIT V:
• League of Nations
• The United Nations Organization: Preamble, purposes and principles of UN Charter
• UN principal organs and their composition and functions
• Specialized agencies: UNESCO, WHO, ILO,IMF.
• Settlement of international disputes.
UNIT VI:
• The Legal Regime of the Seas

• Evolution of the Law of the Sea
• United Nations Convention on the Law of the Seas
• Maritime Belt, Contiguous Zone, Continental Shelf, Exclusive Economic Zone
• The High Seas
• Land Locked States
• International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea
Prescribed Books:
1 J. G. Starke- An Introduction to International Law.

2 P.W. Bowett- International Institutions.
3 J. B. Brierly - The Law of Nations.
4 D. H. Harris - International Law (Cases and Materials).
5 Oppenheim - International Law( Volume I, Peace)
6 S. K. Kapoor - International Law and Human Rights.
7 Agrawal H O-International Law & Human Rights, Central Law Publication, Allahabad.
8 Rebecca Wallace, Internatinal Law
9 Brownlie, Principles of Interantinal law
10. M.P. Tandon, Public Inernatinal Law, ALA.
Course Code 5.2
Law of Evidence
UNIT I
• Introduction to Law of Evidence

• The Indian Evidence Act, 1872 — Salient features of the Act
• Other acts which deal with evidence. (Special reference to C.P.C., Cr.P.C., IT Act)
• Meaning and kinds of Evidence
• Interpretation clause — May Presume, Shall presume and Conclusive proof - Fact,
Fact in issue and Relevant facts
• Distinction between Relevancy and Admissibility
• Standard or Degree of Proof in Civil / Criminal Proceeding
• Doctrine of Res Gestae— Motive, preparation and conduct — Conspiracy —When
Facts not otherwise relevant become relevant — Right and custom — Facts showing
the state of mind etc.
UNIT II
• Admissions & Confessions: General Principles concerning Admissions

• Differences between "Admission" and "Confession"
• Confessions obtained by inducement , threat or promise
• Confessions made to police officer - Statement made in the custody of a police officer
leading to the discovery of incriminating material — Admissibility of Confessions
made by one accused person against co-accused.
• Dying Declarations and their evidentiary value
• Other Statements by persons who cannot be called as Witnesses
• Admissibility of evidence of witnesses in previous judicial proceedings in subsequent
judicial proceedings.
UNIT III
• Relevancy of Judgments — Opinion of witnesses — Expert's opinion — Opinion on

Relationship especially proof of marriage
• Facts which need not be proved
• Oral and Documentary Evidence - General Principles concerning oral evidence and
documentary evidence
• Primary and Secondary evidence
• Modes of proof of execution of documents
• Presumptions as to documents
• General Principles regarding Exclusion of Oral by Documentary Evidence.
UNIT IV
• Rules relating to Burden of Proof

• Presumption as to Dowry Death
• Estoppel — Kinds of estoppel — Res Judicata, Waiver and Presumption.
UNIT V
• Competency to testify
• Privileged communications
• Testimony of Accomplice
• Examination in Chief, Cross examination and Re-examination — Leading questions
Lawful questions in cross examination; Compulsion to answer questions put to
witness
• Hostile witness — Impeaching the credit of witness
• Refreshing memory — Questions of corroboration
• Improper admission and rejection of evidence.
Suggested Readings:
1. BatukLal: The Law of Evidence, 13th Edition, Central Law Agency, Allahabad, 1998.
2. M. Munir: Principles and Digest of the Law of Evidence, 10th Edition (in 2 vols),
Universal Book Agency, Allahabad, 1994.
3. M Monir: Textbook on Law of Evidence, Universal Law Publicing 2012.
4. Avtar Singh: Principles of the Law of Evidence, 11th Edn. Central Law Publications.
5. V. Krishnama Chary: The Law of Evidence, 4th Edn. S.Gogia& Company, Hyderabad.
LL.B. V SEMESTER (3 Years Course)
Course Code 5.3
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LAW
UNIT-I
• Meaning, Nature, Classification and protection of Intellectual Property

• The main forms of Intellectual Property — Copyright, Trademarks, Patents, Designs,
Geographical Indications, Plant Varieties, Traditional Knowledge.
UNIT –II
• Introduction to the leading International instruments concerning Intellectual Property

Rights The Berne Convention ; Universal Copyright Convention; The Paris Union;
Patent Cooperation Treaty
• The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)
• International Trade Agreements concerning IPR — WTO — TRIPS.
UNIT -III
The Copy Right Act, 1957
• Historical evolution
• Meaning of copyright — Copyright in literary, dramatic and musical works,
computer programmes and cinematograph films
• Neighboring rights —Rights of performers and broadcasters, etc.
• Registration of Copyright ; Term of Copyright;
• Ownership and Assignment of copyright — Author's special rights
• Notion of infringement —Criteria of infringement — Infringement of copyright in
films, literary and dramatic works
• Authorities under the Act — Remedies for infringement of copyright
• Rome Convention,1961; WIPO Copyright Treaty dealing with protection of Digital
Technology and the Internet (Protection of right of authors in the digital
environment).
UNIT –IV
Intellectual Property in Trademarks and the rationale of their protection
• The Trade Marks Act, 1999— Definition of Trademarks — Service Mark, Well
known Trade Mark& Certification Marks; Distinction between Trademark and
Property Mark - Registration — Passing off- Infringement of Trademark — Criteria
of Infringement — Remedies – Madrid Agreement.
• The Designs Act, 2000 — Definition and characteristics of Design Law in India —
Protection and rights of design holders — Copyright in design — Registration —
Remedies for infringement. Trademark and Domain Name Interface
UNIT –V
Patents
• Concept of Patent ; Historical overview of the Patents Law in India — Patentable

Inventions
• Kinds of Patents
• Procedure for obtaining patent
• The Patents Act, 1970: Recent amendments
 Rights and obligations of a patentee
 Term of patent protection
 Use and exercise of rights
 Exclusive Marketing Rights
 Right to Secrecy
 The notion of abuse‘ of patent rights
 Infringement of patent rights and remedies available.
UNIT - VI
• Page Geographical indication

• Plant varieties
• Traditional knowledge.
• Bio piracy,
• Patentability of Biotechnology and micro- organisms
• Lisbon Agreement for the Protection of Appellations of Origin and their International
Registration.
Suggested Readings :
1) G.B. Reddy – Intellectual property Rights & Law, Gogia Law agency Hyderabad.
2) Comish W.R. Intellectual Property, Patents, Trademarks, Copyrights and Allied Rights.
3) VikasVashisht – Law and Practice of intellectual Property, (1999), Bharat Law House
Delhi.
4) P. Narayanan – Intellectual Property Law, (1999), (ed), Eastern Law House, Calcutta.
5) Bibeck Debroy – (ed), Intellectual Property Rights, (1998), Rajiv Gandhi Foundation,
Delhi.
6) Comish W.R. – Intellectual Property, (3rd Edn), (1996), Sweet & Maxwell.
7) W.R. Mann – Transfer of Technology (1982).
8) Mata Din – Law of Passing Off and Infringement Action of Trademarks (1986).
9) P.S. Sangal& Kishore Singh – Indian Patent System and Pairs Convention – Legal
Course Code: 5.4
LAND LAWS
UNIT I
• Classification of lands
• Ownership of Land, absolute and limited ownership (tenancy, lease etc.)
• Doctrine of Eminent Domain
• Doctrine of Escheat and Bona Vacantia
• Constitutional Remedies – Right to Property
UNIT II
• The Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition,

Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act 2013
• Definitions
• Determination of Social Impact and Public Purpose
• Preliminary Investigation for determination of Social Impact and Public Purpose
• Special Provision to Safeguard Food Security
• Notification and Acquisition
• Rehabilitation and Resettlement Award
• Procedure and Manner of Rehabilitation and Resettlement
• National Monitoring Committee for Rehabilitation and Resettlement
• Establishment of Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Authority
• Apportionment of Compensation, Payment and Temporary Occupation of Land
• Offence and Penalties.
UNIT III
• The Maharashtra Regional and Town Planning Act, 1966

• Definitions
• Provisions Relating to Regional Plan
• Establishment of Region and alteration of limits
• Constitution, Power and Duties of Regional Planning Board
• Regional plan; Contents, Procedure and Publication of Regional plan
• Development Plan; Contents, Procedure and Publication
• Interim development plan
• Penalty for Unauthorized development
• Preparation and Contents of Town Planning scheme; New Town Development
Authority
UNIT IV
• The Maharashtra Land Revenue Code, 1966

• Revenue Officers
• Chief Controlling Authority, Revenue Officer in districts and their power and duties
• Classes of persons holding land - Disposal of intestate occupancies-Occupancies to be
transferable and restriction on transferability;
• Procedure for Conversion of use of land from one purpose to another
• penalty for using land without permission
• Procedure for Construction of Water Course Through others Land
• Removal of encroachment of land vesting in Government, regularization of
encroachment
• Summary eviction, Relinquishment of alienated land- Right to relinquished land
UNIT V
• The Maharashtra Land Revenue Code, 1966

• Penalty for default of payment of land revenue
• Process of recovery of arrears, Arrest and Detention of defaulter
• Boundary and Boundary Marks
• Fixation, Determination and demarcation of Boundaries, disputes regarding
boundaries
• Straightening out crooked boundaries
• Land record, Record of right, Register of Mutation
• Nistarpatrak and WajibUlUrj
• Appeal ,Revision and Review, Maharashtra Revenue Tribunal
Suggested Readings:
1. A. K .Gupte and Dighe , The Maharashtra Land Revenue Code ,1966Hind Law House
,Pune
2. Sameer Tendulkar and H. M. Bhatt, MRTP Act 1966, Noble Law House, Mumbai
3 .Bare act, The Maharashtra Land Revenue Code, 1966
4. Bare Act, MRTP Act 1966
5. S. R. Majumdar, The Maharashtra Regional town Planning Act, Bhupesh Publication.
6. Bare Act, Maharashtra Rent Control Act 1999
7. Bare Act, The Right Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition,
Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act 2013
Course Code 5.5.1
OPTIONAL PAPER
HEALTH LAW
UNIT I
• Interrelationship Between Law and Medicine
Right to Health-
• International Perspective- UDHR, 1948 (Art.25); ICESCR, 1966(Art.12): Declaration

of Geneva, 1948.
• Constitutional Perspectives- Fundamental Rights- Right to Health care, Right to Life,
Right to Clean Environment, Right to Emergency Medical Care.
• Directive Principles of State policies- Art. 39(a), 47, 48-A.
UNIT II
Health- Legislative Perspective-
• Drugs and Cosmetics Act,1940

• The Pre-Conception and Pre-Natal Diagnostic Techniques Act, 1994
• The Transplantation of Human Organs Act, 1994
• The Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act, 1971
• Overview of the Mental Health Act, 1987
UNIT III
Public Health and Law-
• Overview of-AIDS and Law

• Health and the Environment
• Offences Affecting Public Health under IPC
UNIT IV
Medical Profession and Law
• Doctor- Patient Relationship
• Informed Consent
• Medical Confidentiality
• Medical Negligence- Liability: Civil, Criminal and Liability under Consumer
Protection Act, 1986.
• Indian Medical Council and Association
• Regulation of Bio-Medical Waste
UNIT V
Contemporary Issues-
• Surrogacy- Social, Legal & Ethical Issues

• Euthanasia in India
• Malnutrition in India
Suggested Readings:
1. M.P.Jain, Indian Constitutional Law, Wadhwa& Co, Nagpur.

2. Dr.U.Chandra, Human Rights, Allahabad Law Agency.
3. Dr.Nandita Adhikari, Law and Medicine, Central Law Publications, Allahabad.
4. Shyam Divan, Armin Rosencranz, Environmental Law and Policy in India, Oxford
University Press.
5.Dr. Lily Shrivastava, Law and Medicine, Paper Back, Universal Law Publishing Co.
6. P.K. Sasidharan, Healthy India, notionpress.com, Chennai.
Course Code 5.5.2
OPTIONAL PAPER
LAW OF CONSUMER PROTECTION AND THE RIGHT TO

INFORMATION
Unit-I
• Brief History of Consumer Movements in India

• Aims and Objectives of Consumer Protection Act - Rights of Consumers under
Consumer Protection Act
• Definitions- Complainant, Complaint, Consumer, Defects, Deficiency, Service,
Goods Hazardous to Life & Safety, Unfair Trade Practices, Restrictive Trade
Practices
Unit- II
• Concept and Meaning of Consumer under Consumer Protection Act

• Consumer Protection Councils- Central, State and District
• Consumer Protection Councils- Composition, Objects and functions of the Councils
Unit –III
• Consumer Disputes Redressal Agencies

 District Forums, State Commissions, National Commission
 Composition, Jurisdiction, Procedure, Powers and functions of the Consumer
Forums
 Relief to the Complainant, Penalties under CPA
• Supreme Court of India on Consumers Rights
Unit -IV
Right To Information Act
• Significance of Right to Information in Democracy

• Constitutional Basis for Right to Information
• Aims and Objectives of the Right to Information Act
• Definitions- Appropriate government, Competent Authority, Information, Public
Information Officer, Public Authority, Record, Right to Information
Unit-V
• Right to Information and obligations of Public Authorities

• Mandatory disclosure of Information, Public Information Officer, Request for
obtaining Information and Disposal of Request
• Exemption from Disclosure of Information
• Severability, Third Party Information
Unit -VI
• Information Commission- Central and State Commissions

• Powers and Functions of the Information Commissions
• Appeal and Penalties
• Supreme Court of India on Right to Information
Suggested Readings:
1. J.N. Boriwala, Commentry on Consumer Protection Act, 1986, Universal Pub. Delhi.
2. P.K. Majumdar, The Law of Consumer Protection in India (1998), Orient Publishing
Co. , New Delhi.
3. R.M. Vats, Consumer and the Law (1994), Universal, Delhi,
4. Consumer Protection Act- Bare Act
5. Right to Information Act 2005 – Bare Act
6. N.K. Acharya, Right to Information Act 2005, Asia Law House, Hyderabad
7. N.K. Jain Right to Information- Concept, Law and Practice, Regal Publication, New
Delhi
LL.B V Semester (3 Years Course)
Course Code 5.6
CLINICAL PAPER-II
PROFESSIONAL ETHICS & PROFESSIONAL ACCOUNTING
SYSTEM
The course will be taught through classroom instruction in association with the Practicing
Lawyers. However there is no end semester theory examination for this Course. Students
have to prepare a record covering the topics specified in Unit-I to IV of Section -A and
assigned to the students & a Report on 50 select opinions of Disciplinary committee of Bar
Council of India and 10 Major judgments of the Supreme Court relating to the Contempt of
Court specified in Section B. The record and Report shall be submitted within the stipulated
time to the evaluation Committee constituted by the College with Full Time Teacher and
Practicing Advocates. The mode of Assessment is as follows:-
A) Record on Topics from Unit I to IV 40 Marks

(Internal marks to be awarded by the evaluation Committee)
B) Report on opinions of Disciplinary committee of Bar Council of India & judgments of the
Supreme Court 40 Marks
(to be awarded by both External & Internal Examiner jointly)
C) Viva – Voce 20 Marks

(to be awarded by both External & Internal Examiner jointly)
Note :- A Student shall get at least 45% of the marks in each of the above components.
SECTION –A
UNIT-I
• The legal profession and its responsibilities;
• The equipment of the lawyer;
• Conduct in court;
• Professional conduct in general;
• Privileges of a lawyer;
UNIT-II
• Seven lamps of advocacy
• Advocates duties towards public, clients, court, and other advocates and legal aid ;
• Bar Council Code of Ethics.
UNIT-III
• Disciplinary proceedings
• Professional misconduct
• Disqualifications
• Functions of Bar Council of India/State Bar Councils in dealing with the disciplinary
proceedings
• Disciplinary Committees -- Powers and functions - Disqualification and removal from
rolls. Contempt of Court Act, 1972
UNIT-IV
Accountancy for lawyers:
• Need for maintenance of accounts
• Books of accounts that need to be maintained- Cash Book, journal and ledger
• Elementary aspects of bookkeeping: Meaning, object, journal, double entry system,
closing of accounts
• The cash and bulk transaction- The Cash book- Journal proper especially with
reference to client‘s accounts- Ledger, Trial balance and final accounts- Commercial
mathematics.
SECTION –B
Selected major judgments of the Supreme Court:

1.In the matter of D, An Advocate, AIR 1956 SC 102.
2.P.J.Ratnamv.D.Kanikaram, AIR1964 SC 244.
3.N.B.Mirzanv.The disciplinary committee of Bar Council of Maharastra and Another, AIR 1972
SC 46.
4.Bar Council Of Maharastrav.M.V.Dabholkar, etc., AIR 1976 SC 242.
5.V.C.Rangaduraiv.D.Goplan and others,AIR 1979 SC 201.
6.Chandra Shekhar Soniv.Bar Council of Rajasthan and Others,AIR 1983 SC 1012.
7.In Re an Advocate, AIR 1989 SC 245.
8.In Re Vinay Chandra Mishra, 1995 (Vol-I) IBR 118.
9.Supreme Court Bar Associationv.Union of India, AIR 1998 SC 1895.
10.Ex-Capt. Harish Uppalv.Union of India, AIR 2003 SC 739.
11 Any other recent judgments of Supreme Court selected and given by concerned teacher
Selected opinions of the Bar council of India

1. DC Appeal No. 16/93 1998 (Vol.1) IBR 135
2. BCI Tr. Case No.40/91 1998 (Vol.1) IBR139
3. DC Appeal No. 8/94 1998 (Vol. 1) IBR 153
4. DC Appeal No. 20/94 1997 (Vol. 3 &4) IBR 193
5 BCI Tr. Case No. 76/95 1997 (Vol. 3 &4) IBR 201
6 DC Appeal No.43/96 1997 (Vol. 3 &4) IBR 207
7 DC Appeal No.18/91 1997 (Vol. 1 & 2) IBR 271
8 DC Appeal No.24/90 1996 (Vol.1) IBR 135
10 BCI Tr. Case No.104/90 1996 (Vol.1) IBR 155
12 BCI Tr. Case No.127/88 1992 (Vol. 3 &4) IBR 125
35 DC Appeal No.23/87 1989 (Vol.1& 2) IBR 187
37 BCI Tr. Case No.16/86 1988 (Vol.1& 2) IBR 197
46 DC Appeal No.10/86 &10A/86 1987 (Vol.3) IBR 491
51 Any other recent opinion/decision of Disciplinary committee of BCI, selected and given by
concerned teacher
Prescribed Books:
1. K.V.Krishnaswamy Iyer- Professional Conduct and Advocacy.
2. B.S.Raman- Accountancy.
3. N. R. Madhava Menon- Clinical Legal Education.
4. Dr. B. Malik- Art of Lawyer (New Delhi, Universal Book Agency, 1999) – Relevant
articles
5. Contempt of Court Act, 1971
6. Myneni S.R.: Professional Ethics, Accountancy for Lawyers and Bench-Bar Relation,
Asia Law House, Hyderabad.
7. Gupta S.P.: Professional Ethics, Accountancy for Lawyers and Bench-Bar Relation, Asia
Law House, Hyderabad.
8. Kailash Rai: Professional Ethics, Accountancy for Lawyers and Bench-Bar Relation,
Allahabad Law Agency.
9. Siroh: Professional Ethics, Central Law Publications, Allahabad.
10. Ramachandra Jha: Selected Judgements on Professional Ethics published by Bar Council
of India Trust, 2002.
11. Dr. G.B. Reddy: Practical Advocacy of Law, 2nd Ed. 2005. Gogia Law Agency.
Hyderabad
LL.B. VI Semester (3 Years Course)
Course Code: 6.1
INTERPRETATION OF STATUTES
UNIT- I
INTRODUCTION
• Law making: The role of Legislature, Executive and Judiciary.

• Meaning and scope of the term “Statute”.
• The Process of Law Making (The draft, bill, Act, Assent & operation).
• Parts of a Statute & Classification of Statutes
• Meaning, nature and scope of the term “Interpretation”.
• Need and Purpose of Interpretation
• Difference between Interpretation and Construction.
UNIT-II:
GENERAL THEORIES
• Presumptions.
• Basic Principles
 The Function of the Court is to interpret the law and not to legislate
 Intention of Legislature
 Statute must be read as a whole
 Statute to be workable and effective
 Plain Language must be given effect irrespective of consequences
UNIT-III:
RULES OF INTERPRETATION
• Literal/Grammatical Rule of Construction

• Golden Rule of Construction
• Mischief Rule of Construction (Rule in Heydon’s Case)
• Rule of Purposive Construction.
• Rule of Harmonious Construction.
• Strict and Liberal Construction
UNIT-IV:
SUBSIDIARY RULES OF CONSTRUCTION
• Same word same meaning, use of different words,

• Rule of Last Antecedent,
• Non Obstinate Clause,
• legal fiction,
• Mandatory and Directory Provisions,
• Conductive and Disjunctive words ‘or’/‘and’,
• Construction of general words - Noscitur A Socis; Rule of ejusdem generis, Words of
rank, Redendo Singula Singulis etc.
UNIT-V:
AIDS TO CONSTRUCTION
Understanding the need and importance of Aids to constructions
• Internal Aid to Construction

Preamble, Definition, Sections, Heading, Marginal Notes, Punctuation, Illustrations,
Provisions, Explanation and Schedule.
• External Aid to Construction

Parliamentary History, Historical Facts and surrounding circumstances, socio-political
and economic developments, reference to other statutes, contemporanea exposition
and other external aids.
UNIT-VI:
INTERPRETATION WITH RESPECT TO SUBJECT MATTER AND PURPOSE
• Constructions of Penal & Remedial Statutes

• Constructions of Taxing Statutes
• Constructions of Welfare Statutes
• Construction of Substantive and Procedural Statutes.
UNIT-VI:
THE GENERAL CLAUSES ACT, 1897
• Rules of Construction under the General Clauses Act, 1897

• Repeal : Effect of Repeal : Temporary and Perpetual Statutes: Their expiry and repeal
• Prospective and Retrospective Operation of statutes
• Effect of amendment to statutes.
• Revival of repealed enactments
Suggested Readings:
1. G.P. Singh: Principles of Statutory Interpretation, Lexis Nexis, 14th Edn., 2016.
2. Vepa P. Sarathi: Interpretation of Statutes, Eastern Book Co, 5th Edition, 2010.
3. Maxwell: Interpretation of Statutes, Butterworths Publications, 1976, 12th Edition.
4. N.S. Bindra’s : Interpretation of Statutes, Lexis Nexis, 12th Edition
4. Crawford: Interpretation of Statutes, Universal Publishers.
6. Cross, Statutory Interpretation
7. Avtar Singh: Introduction to Interpretation of Statutes, Butterworth Wadhwa
8. B.M. Gandhi : Interpretation of Statutes, 2nd Edition, Eastern Book Co.
Course Code: 6.2
TRANSFER OF PROPERTY
UNIT I
• Meaning and concept of property
• Kinds of property
• Transfer of property
• Transferable and non-transferable property
• Who can transfer
• Operation of transfer
• Mode of transfer
• Conditional transfer
• Void and unlawful conditions : Condition precedent and condition subsequent;
Vested and contingent interest; Transfer to unborn person
UNIT II
• Doctrine of Election
• Covenants
• Transfer by ostensible owner
• Doctrine of Feeding the Grant by Estoppel
• Doctrine of Lis Pendens
• Fraudulent Transfer
• Doctrine of Part-performance.
UNIT III
Sale
• Essential features
• Mode of Sale
• Rights and liabilities of parties.
Mortgage
• Kinds of Mortgages
• Rights and liabilities of mortgagor and mortgagee
• Marshalling and Contribution
• Charges.
UNIT IV
Lease
• Essential features
• Kinds of leases
• Rights and liabilities of lessor and lessee
• Termination of lease: Forfeiture
Exchange
Gifts
• Different types of gifts
• Registration of Gifts
Transfer of Actionable Claims.
UNIT V
• Easements :Definition of easement
• Distinction between Lease and License
• Dominant and Servient Tenements.
• Acquisition of property through testamentary succession : Will; Codicil; Capacity to
execute Will ;Nature of bequests; Executors of Will; Rights and Obligations of
Legatees
Suggested Readings:
1. Mulla : Transfer of Property, Butterworths Publications.
2. Subba Rao GCV: Commentaries on the Transfer of Property Act.
3. Krishna Menon: Law of Property.
4. Upadhya's Common Matrix of Transfer of Property.
Course Code: 6.3.1
OPTIONAL PAPER
HUMAN RIGHTS
UNIT I:
• Human Rights: Meaning, Evolution of Human Rights

• Ancient and Natural law perspective
• Classification of Human Rights
• Generations of Human Rights
• Sources of International Human Rights Law
• Importance and Significance of Human Rights
UNITII:
• U.N. Charter and Human Rights

• Universal Declaration of Human Rights and its legal significance
• International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights,1966
• International Covenant on Civil & Political Rights,1966
• The Vienna Conference on Human Rights
• Human Rights Council
UNIT III:
• Regional Conventions on Human Rights: The European Convention on Human

Rights,1950
• The American Convention on Human Rights, 1969
• African Charter on Human and Peoples Rights
• Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or
Punishment
• International Convention on Genocide, Apartheid, Slave Trade, Trafficking in Person
and Prostitution.
UNIT IV:
• Human Rights in India

• Human Rights and Indian Constitution
• The Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993
• National Human Rights Commission
• State Human Rights Commission
• National Commission for Minorities
• National Commission for Safai karamcharis
• National Commission for Women
• National Commission for Backward Classes and National Commission for Schedule
Castes and Schedule Tribes
• Judicial activism & Protection of Human Rights in India
• Role of Non-Governmental organization in the Promotion and Protection of Human
Rights
UNIT V:
• International Conventions on Human Rights and Vulnerable Groups:

• Disabled Persons,
• Indigenous Persons,
• Persons with HIV- AIDS,
• Women & Children,
• Refugees,
• Aged Persons,
• Minorities and Tribal
• Collective Rights- Right to Development
• Right to Self Determination
• Right to Healthy Environment
Suggested Readings:
1 Wallace, International Human Rights, 1996 Sweet & Maxwell

2. Theodor Meron (ed.), Human Right in International Law
3. S.K.Kapoor, Human Right under International Law & Indian
4. Dugmarti Rao, HIV/AIDS and Law, Ethics and Human Rights, Discovery Publishing
House, New Delhi.
5. Dr. H.O.Agrawal, International Law and Human Rights, Central Law Publication
. Dr. Awasthi and Kataria, Law Relating to Protection of Human Rights
Course Code 6.3.2
OPTIONAL PAPER
WOMEN & LAW
UNIT-I:
• Historical background and status of women in ancient India
• Constitutional Provisions and gender justice
• Relevant provisions relating to women in Directive Principles of State Policy and
Fundamental Duties under the Indian Constitution.
UNIT-II:
• Laws relating to marriage, divorce, succession and maintenance under the relevant
personal laws with special emphasis on discrimination of women
• Special Marriage Act
• Maintenance under Cr. P.C.
UNIT-III:
• Special provisions relating to women under the Indian Evidence Act, 1872
• Offences against women under Indian Penal Code
• Outraging the modesty of women
• Sexual Harassment
• Rape
• Bigamy
• Mock and fraudulent marriages
• Sexual Harassment of women at Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition & Redressal)
Act, 2013
• Causing miscarriage
• Insulting women
UNIT-IV:
• Social-Legal position of women and the law
• Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961
• Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act, 1971
• Pre-Conception and Pre-Natal Diagnostic Techniques (Prohibition of Sex selection)
Act, 1984
• Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act
• Law relating to domestic violence
UNIT –V:
• Relevant provisions relating to women under Maternity Benefit Act, 1961

• Factories Act and other Labour & Industrial Laws
• Position of Women under International instruments
• Salient features of Convention for Elimination of all forms of Discrimination Against
Women (CEDAW)
Suggested Readings:
1. S.P. Sathe: Towards Gender Justice.

2. Dr. Vijay Sharma: Protection to woman in Matrimonial home
3. Dr. Sarojini Saxena: Femijuris(Law relating to Women in India)
4. Dr. Archana Parsher: Women and Social Reform
5. Dr. Paras Diwan: Dowry and protection to married women
6. Mary Wollstonecraft: A Vindication of the rights of women.
7. Dr. G.B.Reddy: Women and Law, 2nd Edn. Gogia Law Agency, Hyderabad, 1998.
8 Dr. Anjali Hastak, Empowerment of women through Property Rights in Hindu
Law, SPARC publication, Chandrapur
NOTE: In view of the fact that many legislative amendments and court decisions
could be handed down on the topics covered hereinabove after this syllabus has
been made applicable, students are expected to study all such latest amendments
and court decisions on the topics mentioned in the aforesaid syllabus.
Course Code: 6.4
Environmental Law
UNIT I:
• Meaning and Concept of Environment, Environment Pollution

• Ozone depletion, Global Warming Climate Change
• Causes and effects of Environment degradation
• Ancient Indian approach towards Environment Protection.
UNIT II:
• International Environmental Regime

• Stockholm Declaration on Human Environment, 1972
• Role of UNEP for the Protection of Environment
• Kyoto Protocol 1997
• Biodiversity Convention 1992.
UNIT III:
• The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1981

• The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1974
• The Environment (Protection) Act 1986
• Noise Pollution Regulations and Control Rules, 2000
UNIT IV:
• The Laws relating to Preservation Conservation and Protection of forest and wild life
• Biodiversity Act - Salient features and authorities under the Act
• Hazardous Waste Management and Handling Rules, 1989
• Municipal Solid Waste Management and Handling Rules 2000
• Biomedical Waste Management and Handling Rules 1998
UNIT V:
• Common Law Remedies- Trespass, negligence

• Theories of strict Liability and absolute Liability
• National Environment Tribunal
UNIT VI:
• Art. 48A and Art. 51A(g) of the Constitution of India

• Right to wholesome environment
• Right to development
• Role of Indian Judiciary in the evolution of environmental jurisprudence.
Suggested Reading:
• Dr. N.Maheshwora Swamy: A Text Book on Environmental Law

• P. Leela Krishna: Environmental Law in India
• Dr. Padma: Environmental Protection and the Law
• Divan and Rosencranz: Environmental Law and Policy in India
• S.Shantha Kumar’s: Introduction to Environmental Law
• Dr.S.R. Myneni: Environmental Law
• Paras Divan: Studies on Environmental Cases
• V.K.Krishna Iyer: Environment Pollution and Law
Course Code 6.5
CLINICAL PAPER III
MOOT COURT AND INTERNSHIP
This paper has three components of 30 marks each and viva-voce for 10 marks.
(A) Moot Court (30 marks): Every student is required to participate in at least three
moot courts in the X Semester with 10 marks for each. The moot court work will be
on an assigned problem and it will be evaluated for 5 marks for written submissions
and 5 marks for oral advocacy.
Marks will be given on the basis of written submission and oral advocacy. Written
submissions shall include brief summary of facts, issues involved, provisions of laws
and arguments, citation, prayer, etc. Marks for oral advocacy may be awarded for
communication skills, presentations, language, provisions of law; authorities quoted,
court manners, etc. Written Memorials submitted by the students shall be kept by the
College for Further Verification.
The performance of student in the moot court shall be evaluated by a committee
consisting of (i) Principal of the College (ii) an Advocate with 10 years experience at
the Bar; and (iii) the teacher concerned.
(B) Observance of Trial in two cases, one Civil and one Criminal (30 marks):
Students are required to attend courts to observe at least one civil and one criminal
case. They shall maintain a record and enter the various steps observed during their
attendance on different days in the court. The Court Observation Record submitted
by the students should be evaluated by a committee consisting of (i) Principal of the
College/the concerned teacher (ii) External Examiner appointed by the University
and (iii) an Advocate with 10 years experience at the Bar. Court attendance shall be
compulsory and details shall be recorded in a Record Book kept therefor. This may
be carried under the supervision of a teacher of the college. This scheme will carry 30
marks.
(C) Interviewing Techniques and Pre-Trial Preparations and Internship/Court Visit
Diary (30 marks):
Each student should observe two 'interview sessions' of clients either in the Lawyer‘s
Office or in the Legal Aid Office and record the proceedings in a diary, which will
carry 15 marks. Each student has to further observe the preparation of documents and
court papers by the Advocate and the procedure for the filing of the suit / petition.
This shall be recorded in the diary which will carry 15 marks. The diary shall clearly
indicate the dates on which the above observations are made and they shall be
authenticated by the advocate concerned. Evaluation of the above diary shall be made
by the committee consisting of (i) Principal of the College/the concerned teacher (ii)
University Representative appointed by the Controller of Examinations in
consultation with the Chairman, Board of Studies in Law, and (iii) an Advocate with
10 years experience at the Bar.
(D) Viva-voce (10 marks):
There shall be viva-voce examination on all the above three components. The Viva-
voce Board consisting of (i) Principal of the College/the concerned teacher (ii)
University Representative appointed by the Controller of Examinations in
consultation with the Chairman, BOS in Law; and (iii)an advocate with 10 years
experience at the Bar shall evaluate the student in the Viva. The proceedings of the
viva-voce shall be recorded.
Note:
1. Attendance of the students in all the four components of the paper shall be
compulsory.
2. The above records, diary certified by the University Representative
appointed by the Controller of Examinations in consultation with the
Chairman, BOS in Law shall be submitted to the University for further
verification.
Suggested Readings:
1. Dr. Kailash Rai: Moot Court Pre-Trial Preparation and Participation in Trial
Proceedings, Central Law Publication.
2. Amita Danda: Moot Court for Interactive Legal Education, Gogia Law Agency,
Hyderabad.
3. Blackstone's: Books of Moots, Oxford University Press.
4. Mishra: Moot Court Pre-Trial Preparation and Participation in Trial Proceedings, Central
Law, Allahabad.
Course Code 6.6
CLINICAL PAPER IV
DRAFTING, PLEADINGS AND CONVEYANCING
Class-room instruction and simulation exercises on the following items shall be extended.
However there is no end semester theory examination for this course.
UNIT I
Drafting: General Principles of Drafting and relevant Substantive Rules shall be taught.
UNIT II
Pleadings:
(i) Civil—Plaint, Written Statement, Interlocutory Application, Original Petition,

Affidavit, Execution Petition, Memorandum of Appeal and Revision.
(ii) Petition under Article 226 and 32 of the Constitution of India - Drafting of Writ
Petition and PIL Petition.
(iii) Criminal— Complaint, Criminal Miscellaneous Petition, Bail Application,
Memorandum of Appeal and Revision.
UNIT III
Conveyancing:
Sale Deed, Mortgage Deed, Lease Deed, Gift Deed, Promissory Note, Power of Attorney,
Will, Trust Deed
Practical Exercises
Apart from teaching the relevant law, the course includes not less than 15 (fifteen) practical
exercises in drafting of pleadings carrying a total of 45 marks (3 marks for each) and 15
(fifteen) exercises in conveyancing carrying another 45 marks (3 marks for each exercise)
and remaining 10 marks for viva-voce. These 30 exercises shall be recorded. Each student
shall be served with different problems for the purpose of exercise. These exercises shall be
assessed and marks may be allotted. These exercises shall be evaluated by a common
committee consisting of (i) Principal of the College/the concerned teacher as Internal
Examiner (ii) External Examiner appointed by the University (iii) an Advocate with 10 years
experience at the Bar. The same committee will also conduct viva-voce on the above
concepts.
Note: Attendance of the students for viva-voce shall be compulsory.

Suggested Readings:
1. R.N. Chaturvedi : Pleadings and Conveyancing, Central Law Publications.
2. De Souza : Conveyancing, Eastern Law House.
3. Tiwari : Drafting, Pleading and Conveyancing, Central Law Agency.
4. Mogha: Indian Conveyancer, Eastern Law House.
5. Mogha: Law of Pleadings in India, Eastern Law House.
6. Shiv Gopal: Conveyancing, Precedents and Forms, Eastern Book Company
7. Narayana P.S.: Civil Pleadings and Practice, Asia Law House.
8. Narayana P.S.: Criminal Pleadings and Practice, Asia Law House.
9. Noshirvan H.Jhabvala: Drafting, Pleadings, Conveyancing & Professional Ethics.

Jamhadar & Companes.
10. R.D.Srivastava: The Law of Pleadings, Drafting and Conveyancing, Central Law Agency

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LL.

Format and Distribution of Marks in the Question Papers of the End

1] For all subjects except Legal language:

2] For Paper in the Subject of Legal Language & Legal Writing:

Course Code 1.1

• Fundamental Rights : Its meaning, nature & significance; Relationship of

Right to Equality : Articles 14-18 and Judicial Interpretation thereof:

Right to Freedoms : Articles 19-22 and Judicial Interpretation thereof:

Right Against Exploitation: Articles 23, 24: Judicial Interpretation thereof

• Prohibition against Forced Labour

Right to Freedom of Religion: Articles 25-28: Judicial Interpretation thereof

Right to Constitutional Remedies: Article 32 and Judicial interpretation thereof

• Writ Jurisdiction – Meaning, nature and significance

Directive Principles of State Policy

• Concept of Welfare State and Social Justice

1. M P Jain, Indian Constitutional Law, Wadhwa & Company, Nagpur

Course Code 1.2

• Evolution of Law of Torts, Common Law developments

• Principles of Liability- Fault & No-fault Liability

• Legal Remedies: Doctrine of Causation, Remoteness of Damages; Judicial Remedies:

1. D.D. Basu, The Law Of Torts, Kamal , Calcutta.

2. D.M.Gandhi , Law Of Tort, Eastern Book Company Lucknow.

3. Ratanlal And Dhirajlal, The Law of Tort, Universal Publishers ,Delhi.

4. J. N. Pandey, Law of Tort, Central Law Publication Allahabad.

Course Code 1.3

FAMILY LAW – I (HINDU LAW)

• Traditional concept of Hindu Marriage

• Hindu undivided family, Mitakshara Joint Family-Formation and Incidents-Property

• Inheritance and Succession - Historical perspective of traditional Hindu Law relating

2.Mulla’s, Principles of Hindu Law, Butterworth co.

3.Diwan Paras , Modern Hindu Law, Allahabad Law agency, Faridabad.

4. Subbba Rao, G C V , Family Law

5.Saharaj, H K Laws of Marriage and Divorce, Eastern Law House

6. Singh Jaspal,Hindu Law of Marriage &Divorce, Pioneer publication.

Course Code 1.4

1. Anson: Law of Contract, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1998.

Course Code 1.5

LEGAL LANGAUGE & LEGAL WRITING

UNIT –I-GENERAL STUDY OF LAW

UNIT -II – CHARACTERISTICS OF LEGAL LANGUAGE

• Meaning of Legal Language

UNIT -III – LEGAL TERMINOLOGY

• Ad hoc, Ad interim, Animo attestandi, Alibi, Ad valorem, Ambiguitas – patent,

UNIT -III – LEGAL MAXIMS

• Actus dei nemini facit injuriam

UNIT -IV – FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF LEGAL WRITING

Concision, clarity and cogency

UNIT-V – LEGAL DRAFTING OF PLEADINGS

UNIT -VI – PARAPHRASING AND SYNOPSIS WRITING

• Legal passages from legal articles for paraphrasing

1. Peter Tiersma, Legal Language (University of Chicago Press, 1999).

Course Code 2.1

Legislature under the Indian Constitution

• Union and State Legislatures - Composition, Powers, Functions

Executive under the Indian Constitution

• President and Union Council of Ministers

Judiciary under the Constitution

Supreme Court of India

• Appointment and Transfer of Judges