Earthquake-Resistant Reinforced Concrete Building Construction
Earthquake-Resistant Reinforced Concrete Building Construction
In Three Volumes
Steering Committee:
William E. Gates
Neil M. Hawkins
John B. Scalzi
Mete A. Sozen
Loring A. Wyllie, Jr.
VOLUME I
ORGANIZATION AND FINAL RECOMMENDATIONS
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
UNIVERSITY EXTENSION
BERKELEY, CALIFORNIA
II
Preface
The material contained in these three volumes constitutes the proceedings of a workshop
on Earthquake-Resistant Reinforced Concrete Building Construction (ERCBC) sponsored by
the National Science Foundation, and held at the University of California, Berkeley, July 11-15,
1977. The main purposes of the workshop were to provide a means for the exchange of infor-
mation related to the state-of-the-art and state-of-the-practice in the design and construction of
seismic-resistant reinforced concrete buildings, to evaluate current progress, and to establish
research needs and priorities for future work.
The specific objectives and organization of the workshop are summarized in the Introduc-
tion to the first volume. The final recommendations of the workshop form the main body of
that volume. Four appendixes follow, containing the program, the list of participants, the list
of working groups, and, lastly, a research directory.
Volumes 2 and 3 comprise the technical reports and papers that were presented. These
furnished the background material for the discussions which ultimately resulted in the final
recommendations of the workshop.
It is hoped that these proceedings will help mitigate the destructive effects of earthquakes
by encouraging practitioners to implement those recent findings from the research and profes-
sional communities that will improve current practice in ERCBC, and by providing researchers
and agencies sponsoring research with guidelines for ensuring that future research is oriented
toward solving current problems. It is also hoped that the proceedings will serve to stimulate
communication and improve cooperation between practitioners, educators, researchers, and
representatives from industry and government agencies working in the field of ERCBC.
It is not possible here to thank all the individuals who contributed to the success of the
workshop, but a few should be mentioned. The assistance of Dr. John B. Scalzi, Manager of
the Earthquake Engineering Program of the National Science Foundation, during the planning
of the workshop, and his continuous support and encouragement are gratefully acknowledged.
The able assistance of Dr. Stephen A. Mahin, who acted as organizing secretary, throughout all
phases of the workshop is greatly appreciated. In addition, thanks must be extended to the
members of the steering committee: W. Gates, N. Hawkins, J. Scalzi, M. Sozen, and L. Wyl-
lie, Jr., for their technical assistance; to the session chairmen; the heads and recording secre-
taries of the working groups; to H. Barry and L. Reid of University Extension for coordinating
schedules, arranging accommodations, and making the workshop an enjoyable experience for all
the participants; and to L. Tsai, not only for invaluable editorial assistance in the preparation of
these volumes, but for her continued help throughout the various phases of the workshop.
Finally, special and sincere appreciation goes to the authors of the technical reports and to all
the participants, who took time from their busy schedules to collaborate in the workshop. The
success of the workshop is the result of their individual and combined efforts.
Funding for this workshop was made possible by grant ENV76-01923 from the National
Science Foundation. Their support is gratefully acknowledged. These proceedings constitute
the final report to the sponsor. The conclusions and recommendations expressed herein do not
necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation.
Vitelmo V. Bertero
Berkeley, California
June 1978
Preface • • • • • iii
Table of Contents v
Introduction 1
Final Recommendations 5
Preface • • • • • iii
Table of Contents v
Design Earthquakes
Contributing Paper:
Uncertainties in Seismic Input and Response Parameters -
Development of Stable Design Parameters
H. Shah and C. Mortgat •••••• 346
vi
Contributing Paper:
The Purpose and Effects of Earthquake Codes - A Case
Study of Semi-Probabilistic Approach
H. Shah and T. Zsutty • . • • . . . • • • 453
USER NEEDS
KEYNOTE ADDRESS
vii
MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND PERFORMANCE OF REINFORCED AND
PRESTRESSED CONCRETE MATERIALS UNDER SEISMIC CONDITIONS
Concrete
Contributing Papers:
Confined Concrete: Research and Development Needs
V. BerteX'o and J. VaZZenas • • • . • • • 594
Strength and Ductility of Reinforced Concrete Columns
with Rectangular Ties
S. Uzwneri and S. Sheikh 611
A Note on the Failure Criterion for Diagonally
Cracked Concrete
M. Collins ..•..••••••••••• 624
Reinforcing Steel
Contributing Papers:
Constitutive Relations of Steel: Effects on Hysteretic
Behavior of Structural Concrete Members and on Strength
Considerations in Seismic Design
R. Park • . . • • . • • • • . • • • • • • . 683
Development Length Requirements for Reinforcing Bars
under Seismic Conditions
N. Hawkins .•....•••.•••.•.•.. 696 -
viii
REINFORCED AND PRESTRESSED CONCRETE STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS,
INCLUDING TYPES OF FOUNDATIONS: I~~ORTANCE OF CONCEPTUAL DESIGN
New Buildings
(a) Cast-in-Field and Precast and Prestressed
contributing Papers:
Soft Story Concept Applied at St. Joseph Health Care
Center
A. Popoff, Jr. 742
The 18-Storied Shiinamachi Building
N. Ohmori ..•..•....• 756
ix
Modeling of Reinforced Concrete Buildings
L. Selna .•..•••••• 887
Contributing Pape~s:
Contributing Paper:
Elastic Analysis of Walls with Openings
E. Popov •••.••• 981
Preface • • • • • • iii
Table of Contents v
x
DESIGN METHODS AND EXPERIMENTAL AND ANALYTICAL INVESTIGATIONS
RELATED TO THE EARTHQUAKE-RESISTANT P~INFORCED CONCRETE BUILDING
CONSTRUCTION OF MOMENT-RESISTING FRAMES; CORRELATION
WITH FIELD OBSERVATIONS OF EARTHQUAKE DAMAGE
Contributing Paper:
Reinforced Concrete Ductile Frames - the Use of
Diagonal Reinforcing to Solve the Joint Problem
R. Poole ••.•••.•.••••• 1076
Contributing Paper:
Problem of Damage to Nonstructural Components
and Equipment: Walls and Stairs
G. Me Kenzie 1128
xi
Contributing Paper:
A Method for Delaying Shear Strength Decay of
RC Beams
C. Saribner and J. Wight 1215
Contributing liiper:
Reinforcing Bars in Earthquake-Resistant Reinforced
Concrete Building Construction
W. Blaak .....•••••.. 1242
Contributing Paper:
Hysteretic Behavior of Infilled Frames
R. KUngner • . • . . . . . . 1276
Contributing Papers:
Design of RIc Frame-Wall Structures
T. Takeda . . . • . • 1366
A Practical Method to Evaluate Seismic Capacity of
Existing Medium- and Low-Rise RIc Buildings with Emphasis
on the Seismic Capacity of Frame-Wall Buildings
H. Dmemura and T. Okada . . • • • . • • • . • . . . . , 1381
xii
Shear Wall Researchable Items
J. Meehan • . . • • 1387
Contributing Papers:
Importance of Reinforcement Details in Earthquake-
Resistant Structural Walls
A. Fiorato, R. Oesterle, and W. Corley 1430
Coupling Beams of Reinforced Concrete Shear Walls
T. Paulay ....• ., •...•••.• 1452
Cont~buting Papers:
Comments on Structure-Soil Interactions during
Earthquakes
L. Wyllie, J'X'. 1495
Discussion of "Comments on Structure-Soil Interactions
during Earthquakes"
W. Holmes • . . • . • • . • • . • • • . . • • . 1506
Cast-in-Field geinforced Concrete Systems for New
Buildings - Design of Foundations
S. Teixeira • . . • . , . . . . • • . • • . . . 1512
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS OF REAL BUILDINGS, MODELS OF
COMPLETE BUILDINGS, AND LARGE SUBASSEMBLAGES OF BUILDINGS;
CORRELATION WITH ANALYTICAL INVESTIGATIONS AND WITH DATA
FROM :FIELD OBSERVATIONS OF EARTHQUAKE DAMAGE
xiii
Real Buildings: Strong-Motion Instrumentation;
Dynamic Testing of RIc Buildings
contributing Papers:
Large-Scale Dynamic Shaking of ll-Story
Reinforced Concrete Buildings
R. Mayes and T. Galambos 1555
Dynamic Behavior of an Eleven-Story Masonry
Building
R. Stephen and J. Bow.ukamp 1588
Strong-Motion Instrumentation of Reinforced
Concrete Buildings
C. Rojahn • • . • • • • • • . • • • • • • 1596
Contributing Paper:
Experimental Research Needs for Earthquake-Resistant
Reinforced Concrete Building Construction
H. Krawinkler • . . • • • •. • ••••..• 1682
xiv
Design of Prestressed Structures for ERCBC
Contributing Papers:
Earthquake Resistant Design of Precast Concrete
Bearing Wall Type Structures - A Designer's Dilemma
V. Mujumdar . . . . . ...•. 1837
Seismic Resistance vs. Progressive Collapse of
Precast Concrete Panel Buildings
R. FuZZer . . . ••.. 1852
Contributing Paper:
Production and Repair Aspects of Industrialized Buildings
W. Hester . . • • • . . . • • 1861
xv
- --- -------------------------------------------------
Introduction
Significant advancements have been achieved during the last decade in the design and
construction of seismic-resistant reinforced concrete buildings. This progress has resulted from
analytical and experimental research conducted at various institutions, as well as from lessons
gained by inspecting damages caused by recent earthquakes. Considerable human and
economic resources have been devoted to research on specific problems related to earthquake-
resistant design and construction and this has produced a tremendous volume of worldwide
information.
Despite advancements in this field, significant gaps still remain in our understanding of
the seismic behavior of reinforced concrete buildings, and numerous areas exist in which spe-
cialists, both researchers and practitioners alike, continue to disagree. This is not surprising
because of the complexity of seismic response of buildings and the multitude of reinforced con-
crete structural systems, configurations, and details encountered in practice. Although addi-
tional research on seismic behavior is needed to solve these problems, this may not be
sufficient by itself, since achievement of efficient seismic-resistant construction requires integra-
tion of knowledge obtained from many diverse fields. This integration is difficult because of the
limited communication between experts working independently in different areas. Most of the
available information has been published in widely dispersed publications or presented orally,
and little effort has been made to assemble and integrate these data in a form that encourages
their systematic discussion, evaluation, and dissemination among the various specialists in this
field.
To improve this situation, it was felt that researchers, professionals, and representatives
from industry and government working in the field of earthquake-resistant reinforced concrete
building construction (ERCBC), should be brought together in a workshop to discuss and
evaluate the available information and to determine priorities for future research needs.
Objectives
The main objectives of the workshop were to (1) evaluate current knowledge and practice
in the planning, design, and construction of earthquake-resistant reinforced concrete buildings;
(2) review the objectives and scope of existing research programs and discuss their findings to
provide feedback to researchers; (3) examine needs and priorities for immediate, as well as
long-range, research required to remove gaps in current knowledge and to improve current
practice; and (4) improve communication and cooperation (at both the national and interna-
tional levels) between research and professional organizations, as well as between different
research groups.
The workshop activities were divided into two parts. In the first part, the state-of-the-art
and state-of-the-practice in ERCBC were discussed. Experts in various areas of seismic-
resistant design and construction were chosen to present review articles on the different
2
features involved in this type of construction. Open discussion followed each presentation,
emphasizing comments by practitioners. The final workshop agenda, including a list of the
papers presented in the eleven workshop sessions, is reproduceq in appendix A. A list of the
participants and their professional affiliations is included in appendix B.
In the second part of the workshop, ten working groups met to assess ongoing research in
the different areas involved in ERCBC, define research needs, and establish priorities for future
research. Nine working groups were originally formed; however, during the workshop it
became evident that a number of participants shared a concern regarding the integration,
interpretation, and utilization of experimental research. To provide a forum for this discussion,
a tenth group was formed. The members of each of the working groups are listed in appendix
C.
The chairmen of the nine original groups were supplied with a brief statement defining
the scope of the group's task. These statements, after some modifications by the respective
working groups, are reproduced at the beginning of the recommendations of each working
group. The recommendations submitted by each working group were formulated after several
meetings at which all interested participants could attend. These recommendations were then
presented to and discussed by all of the participants, and modified when necessary during the
concluding session of the workshop. The organizer, organizing secretary, and steering commit-
tee then met to review, discuss, and edit the workshop recommendations. The working group
chairmen then reviewed and approved the fj.nal recommendations for their group. The final
recommendations included in these proceedings have been distilled from the discussions of the
various participants and working groups and consequently do not constitute an individual
endorsement by a particular participant or organization.
There were two classifications of participants: main· participants were requested to prepare
a comprehensive state-of-the-art or state-of-the-practice report on at least one of the main sub-
jects included in the workshop program; regular participants were invited to participate volun-
tarily in the discussions and to prepare a short contributing paper or discussion on any of the
subjects included in the technical program of the workshop. All participants were assigned to
serve on at least one of the ten working groups (see appendix C). Participants were also
requested to submit a set of draft recommendations to be considered by the appropriate
workshop working group. These draft recommendations were distributed to the other partici-
pants, along with preprints of the technical papers, well before the workshop.
The workshop proceedings are published in three volumes. The first volume includes the
final recommendations, the program, the list of participants, list of working group members,
and a compilation of research publications related to the field. The publication list is included
in appendix D to serve as a directory of current research. It contains only those references sup-
plied by different participants and is not comprehensive. It is hoped that the directory can be
completed and updated in the future for the benefit of researchers and practitioners working in
this field. Technical papers, which encompass state-of-the-art and state-of-the-practice reports,
as well as contributing papers, presented at the workshop, are published in the second and third
volumes. Responsibility for the contents of these papers rests solely with the individual
authors. The texts and illustrations of the papers have been reproduced from camera-ready ori-
ginals supplied by the authors; in a few instances, retyping and manuscript arrangement were
necessary.
3
After reviewing the final recommendations, the organizer, organizing secretary, and steer-
ing committee attempted to identify needs of highest overall priority, or of common concern to
several working groups. Among those identified, the following deserve special mention.
To carry out all of these studies, it will be necessary to develop several large-scale loading
facilities (structural floor-wall reaction systems); make greater use of the few available small-
and medium-sized simulators; detemine the need and feasibility of a large earthquake simulator
capable of testing full-scale structures; and develop efficient computer simulation techniques to
model realistic structures and perform design-oriented parametric studies.
Researchers and professionals should evaluate current building code detailing require-
ments; establish criteria to indicate the appropriate method of design according to the expected
nature of structural action; evaluate the cost-effectiveness of the added expense of providing
earthquake resistance beyond that required for safety, as compared with the cost of repairinl
infrequent damages; and develop guidelines for seismic analysis and design that can be used b:
4
the design profession. All these should be done considering different types of buildings in
different seismic regions.
FINAL RECOMMENDATIONS
7
WORKING GROUP 1
Working Group 1 reviewed current knowledge and practice related to the mechanical
characteristics and performance of reinforced and prestressed concrete materials under seismic
loading conditions and formulated recommendations for advancing the state of knowledge and
for improving material behavior in ERCBC. The group evaluated the available data regarding:
the mechanical characteristics of the component materials and of the composite material
(confined concrete, bond, etc.); methods for determining and specifying these characteristics;
quality control and quality assurance procedures; and mathematical models of material behavior.
The recommendations formulated by this working group are presented in a single category in
order of their priority.
Preceding pagE
-- ._- ------------------------------
WORKING GROUP 2
Working Group 2 reviewed the use of computer programs in the design and analysis of
ERCBC. Recommendations were developed for research and development needed to improve
mathematical modeling of ERCBC; to study the effects of uncertainties in modeling; and to
improve linear and nonlinear computer programs. The recommendations formulated by this
group are divided into three categories. Category A contains a recommendation for improving
dissemination of current knowledge to the design profession. Category B contains recommen-
dations for improving or studying the effects of modeling in ERCBC. Category C contains
recommendations for computer program development needs. Within each category, recom-
mendations are ranked in order of their priority.
A. GENERAL RECOMMENDATION
B. STRUCTURAL MODELING
Such studies could also be used to assess the reliability of simple modeling tech-
niques and design methods that could be employed in preliminary design. One
approach to this would be to design several different common types of structural sys-
tems using a variety of analysis and modeling assumptions. The response of these
designs could then be computed using various simple and complex elastic and inelas-
tic analysis methods in order to evaluate both the reliability of the analytical
methods and the accuracy of the design and modeling assumptions.
WORKING GROUP·3
EXISTING BUILDINGS
Working Group 3 discussed methods for: identifying existing buildings that may be poten-
tially hazardous; evaluating the nature and degree of the hazard, if any; and modifying the
buildings through strengthening, stiffening and/or toughening of the structure. The group felt
that building codes are written for new construction and are not directly applicable to repair or
rehabilitation of existing buildings. Recommendations formulated by the group are divided into
three categories of equal priority. Category A consists of recommendations for determining the
seismic resistance of existing buildings, category B deals with methods for improving their
seismic resistance, and category C concerns recommendations regarding public policy. Within
each category the recommendations are in order of their priority.
WORKING GROUP 4
This working group reviewed and discussed current knowledge and practice related to
selection of effective structural systems, design criteria, code requirements, preliminary design,
final detailing, and construction and maintenance aspects of cast-in-place reinforced concrete
systems for new buildings. The main recommendations formulated by the group are presented
in four categories. Category A contains seven recommendations related to design criteria and
methods. Category B consists of a series of eleven recommendations regarding structural
behavior. In category C, three recommendations are presented dealing with research needs for
improving construction. Four recommendations regarding research needs and establishment of
design procedures for foundations of ERCBC are grouped under category D. Recommenda-
tions are presented in each category in their order of priority.
B. STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOR
suitable for corners and tee-junction walls, as well as details for junctions of walls
with columns. The soundness of these details should be tested in full story height
sections subjected to appropriate lateral deformations.
C. CONSTRUCTION
D. FOUNDATIONS
WORKING GROUP 5
This group discussed and offered recommendations for improving ERCBC utilizing as its
main seismic-resistant system prestressed and/or industrialized structural concrete elements or
components. Among the different topics suggested to this group for discussion were: selection
of effective structural systems; design criteria; code requirements; preliminary design; final
detailing; and construction and maintenance aspects. The recommendations developed and
approved by the group are compiled in three main categories. Category A deals with prefabri-
cated concrete buildings, while category B contains recommendations concerning post-tensioned
buildings. A general recommendation regarding nonstructural concrete elements is offered in
category C. Within each category recommendations are listed in order of priority. The group
did not prioritize recommendations between prefabricated and post-tensioned concrete but did
endorse a lower priority for the nonstructural precast component recommendations.
B. POST-TENSIONED BUILDINGS
WORKING GROUP 6
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS
This working group dealt with issues relating to experiments on actual buildings, large-
scale laboratory experiments, and correlation of analytical and experimental investigations with
observed earthquake damage. The consensus of the working group was to divide the research
and development needs into three main categories. Recommendations grouped in category A
demand new research efforts or major departures from current experimental activities and are
considered of the highest priority. Category B comprises a series of recommendations concern-
ing the extension or improvement of current efforts. Finally, after analyzing the value of
experimental investigations to engineering practice and comparing experimental research needs
in ERCBC with the limited number of facilities available and research groups conducting such
research, this working group formulated general policy-related recommendations which are
presented under category C. Within each category the recommendations are not ordered
according to priority.
WORKING GROUP 7
This group was primarily concerned with the following problems: (1) to assess current
knowledge and practice in ERCBC; (2) to evaluate the relevancy of present research results to
actual user needs; (3) to recommend means for more effective cooperation between researchers
and professional users; and (4) to identify and develop strategies for more rapidly disseminat-
ing, evaluating, and screening research findings which may be beneficial to ERCBC so that they
can be implemented in design practice.
This working group, after discussing and developing recommendations for the above
issues, compiled them into two categories. Included in category A are recommendations
regarding means for improving cooperation between researchers and professional users and for
more rapidly disseminating, evaluating, and screening research findings. In category B, the
working group identified research and development needs. In this category, the first eight
recommendations were identifed as having higher priority than the subsequent recommenda-
tions.
WORKING GROUP 8
NATIONAL COOPERATION
This working group was requested to recommend means for improving communication at
the national level between producers, professionals, and researchers; and for integrating more
closely the research carried out at different institutions. The recommendations developed by
this group are separated into two categories. Category A consists of recommendations for
improving nationwide communication between those involved in ERCBC and category B is
related to methods for integrating research activities.
WORKING GROUP 9
INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION
This working group assessed the means and effectiveness of international communication
and cooperation between researchers and professionals working in the field of ERCBC. The
group developed and agreed on a series of recommendations of a general nature which are
separated into two categories. Category A consists of a general recommendation and category B
contains a number of more specific recommendations for improving ERCBC.
A. GENERAL RECOMMENDATION
WORKING GROUP 10
During the workshop it became evident that a number of the participants on different
working groups shared concerns regarding the integration, interpretation, and utilization of
experimental research. In order to provide a forum for this discussion, Working Group 10 was
formed to discuss general problems related to seismic testing and performance. This working
group formulated the single recommendation presented below.
A. GENERAL RECOMMENDATION
Because of the complex nature of these problems and the scarcity of reliable data,
the cooperation of foreign experts in this field should be sought by including them
as participants in the group or as consultants.
-
~o ~/~~~6 ~~J'?-
4-1
Appendix A
WORKSHOP PROGRAM
Preceding page
j!
,/'
/
/
(\/
\
\, \
\
43
WORKSHOP ON EARTHQUAKE.RESISTANT REINFORCED
CONCRETE BUILDING CONSTRUCTION
University of California, Berkeley, July 11-15, 1977
PROGRAM
MONDAY, JULY 11
7:45 REGISTRATION
Preced}ngpagebla~
44 MOTION INrUT AND THEIR EFFECTS ON
BUILDING CONSTRUCTION
N. Donovan
STATE-OF-THE-ART IN ESTABLISHING DESIGN
EARTHQUAKES
V. BeJc;tVW
Contributing Paper:
UNCERTAINTIES IN SEISMIC INPUT AND RESPONSE
PARAMETERS - DEVELOPMENT OF STABLE DESIGN
PARAMETERS
H. Shah, C. Mo4tgat
1.3 Discussion: Panel and Participants
LUNCH
BREAK
TUESDAY, JULY 12
III.l Concrete
Contributing Papers:
CONFINED CONCRETE: RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT NEEDS
V. BeJtteJto, J. VaUen.a6
STRENGTH AND DUCTILITY OF REINFORCED CONCRETE
COLUMNS WITH RECTANGULAR TIES
S. UzumeJU, s. she-i.kh
A NOTE ON THE FAILURE CRITERION FOR DIAGONALLY
CRACKED CONCRETE
M. Co.f..Un6
III.2 Reinforcing Steel
BREAK
Contributing Paper:
STATE OF THE ART OF PRECAST CONCRETE TECHNIQUE
IN JAPAN
A. Ikeda, T. Yamada, S. KaJJJamWta., S. Fuj-U.
IV.2 Existing Buildings: Methods for Repairing and
Retrofitting (Strengthening, Stiffening, and
Toughening)
LUNCH
Contributing Papers:
PROBLENS IN THE PRACTICAL APPLICATION OF CONPUTER
ANALYSIS TO REINFORCED CONCRETE BUILDING DESIGN
C. Pol.a.nd
EFFECTS OF TWO-DlNENSIONAL EARTHQUAKE NOTION ON
RESPONSE OF RIc COLUNNS
V. Peeknold, M. Suhanwandy
BREAK
Contributing Paper:
ELASTIC ANALYSIS OF WALLS WITH OPENINGS
E. PopOV
V.3 Preliminary Design vs. Analysis: Use of
Computers for Preliminary Design and Final
Detailing in ERCBC
WEDNESDAY, JULY 14
Contributing Paper:
PROBLEM OF DAMAGE TO NONSTRUCTURAL COMPONENTS
AND EQUIPMENT: WALLS AND STAIRS
G. Me Kenzie
Vr.3 Use .2i Optimization Procedures in Design of
Moment-Resisting Frames
Contributing Paper:
REINFORCING BARS IN EARTHQUAKE-RESISTANT
REINFORCED CONCRETE BUILDING CONSTRUCTION
W. Be.a.c.k
VI. 6 Behavior of Flat Slab Systems ,Diaphragms, and
Infilled Frames under Seismic Conditions
BREAK
10:30 SESSION VII DESIGN :METHODS AND EXPERIMENTAL AND ANALYTICAL
INVEsTIGATIONS RELATED TO THE EARTHQUAKE-
RESISTANT REINFORCED CONCRETE BUILDING CONSTRUC-
TION OF FRAME-WALL STRUCTURES; CORRELATION WITH
FIELDOBSERVATIONS OF EARTHQUAKE DAMAGE --
Contributing Papers:
IMPORTANCE OF REINFORCEMENT DETAILS IN
EARTHQUAKE-RESISTANT STRUCTURAL WALLS
A. F~onato, R. OU;(:en!e, W. Conley
COUPLING BEAMS OF REINFORCED CONCRETE SHEAR WALLS
T. Pa.u1a.y
VIL4 Discussion: Panel and Participants
LUNCH
Contributing Papers:
COMMENTS ON STRUCTURE-SOIL INTERACTIONS DURING
EARTHQUAKES
L. Wyllie, JJL.
DISCUSSION OF "COMMENTS ON STRUCTURE-SOIL
INTERACTIONS DURING EARTHQUAKES"
W. Hdhnu
CAST-TN-FIELD REINFORCED CONCRETE FOR NEW
BUILDINGS - DESIGN OF FOUNDATIONS
S. TuxWta.
VIII.2 Discussion: Panel and Participants
51
14:10 SESSION IX EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS OF REAL BUILDINGS,
MODELS OF COMPLETE BUILDINGS~AND LARGE
SUBASSOOLAGES OF BUILDINGS; CORREI.:ATION WITH
ANALYTICAL INVESTIGATIONS AND WITH DATA FROM
FIELD OBSERVATIONS OF EARTHQUAKEDAMAGE - -
Open Discussion
52 IX.4 D!scussion: ~anel and Participants
THURSDAY, JULY 14
Contributing Papers:
EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT DESIGN OF PRECAST CONCRETE
BEARING WALL TYPE STRUCTURES - A DESIGNER'S DILEMMA
V. Muj wndaJt
SEISMIC RESISTANCE VS. PROGRESSIVE COLLAPSE OF
PRECAST CONCRETE PANEL BUILDINGS
R. FuUeJL
X.3 Production and Repair Aspects of Industrialized
Buildings
Contributing Paper:
PRODUCTION AND REPAIR ASPECTS OF INDUSTRIALIZED
BUILDINGS
W. He-6;(;eJL
X.4 Experimental and Analytical Investigations on
Cast-in-Field or Precast Elements and their
Subassemblages used in Prefabricatea-and/or
Prestressed Structures for ERCBC
ANALYTICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF 53
PRESTRESSED AND PRECAST CONCRETE ELEMENTS
N. HCWJ/Un.6
BREAK
XI.2 Discussion
LUNCH
FRIDAY, JULY 15
LIST OF PARTICIPANTS
LIST OF PARTICIPANTS
HESTER, Weston T.
Regular Participants Assistant Professor of Civil
Engineering
AOYAMA, Hiroyuki 212 Mc Laughlin Hall
Associate Professor University of California
Department of Architecture Berkeley, California 94720
University 'of Tokyo
7-3-1 Mongo, Bunkyo-ku HOLMES, William F.
Tokyo, Japan Rutherford &'Chekene
Consulting Engineers
BLACK, William C. 487 Bryant Street
Chief Engineer San Francisco, California 94107
Reinforcing Bars, Piling and
Construction Specialty Sales JEPHCOTT, Donald
Bethlehem Steel Corporation Principal Structural Engineer
701 East 3rd Street OAC
Bethlehem, Pennsylvania Structural Safety Section
107 South Broadway, Room 3029
COLLINS, Michael P. Los Angeles, California 90012
Associate Professor of Civil
Engineering KLINGNER, Richard E.
University of Toronto Assistant Professor of Civil
Toronto, Canada MSS lA4 Engineering
University of Texas
DERECHO, Arnaldo T. Austin, Texas 78712
}tanager, Structural Analytical
Services KRAWINKLER, Helmut
Portland Cement Association Assistant Professor of Civil
5420 Old Orchard Road Engineering
Skokie, Illinois 60076 Stanford University
Stanford, California 94305
61
MAYES, Ronald L. W:I;GHT, James K.
Assistant Research Engineer Assistant Professof of Civil
Earthquake Engineering Research Engineering
Center 301 West Engineering
University of California University of Michigan
Richmond Field Station Ann Arbor, Michigan 48104
Richmond, California 94804
Principal, Computech, Berkeley YAMADA, Toshio
Senior Staff Engineer
MC KENZIE, Gordon H. F. Technical Development Department
Assistant Chief Structural Engineer Taisei Corporation
Ministry of Works and Development Nita Kokusai Building
Head Office, Vogel Building 1-4-28 Mita, Minato-ku
Aitken Street Tokyo, Japan
P. O. lbx 12 041
Wellington North, New Zealand ZACHER, Edwin G.
Structural Engineer
MEEHAN, John H. J. Brunnier Associates
Research Director and Principal 55 New Montgomery Street, Suite 608
Structural Engineer San Francisco, California 94105
OAC
Structural Safety Section
P. O. Box 1079 Observers
Sacramento, California 95805
BENTSON, Robert
MUJUMDAR, Vilas S. Principal Structural Engineer
Principal Structural Engineer Structural Safety Section
Ecodyne Corp/Ecodyne Cooling OSA
Products Division 124 Beale Street
P. O. Box 1267 San Francisco, California 94105
Santa Rosa, California 95403
DEGENKOLB, Henry J.
STEPHEN, Roy M. President
Program Development Engineer H. J. Degenkolb & Associates
Structural Engineering and 350 Sansome Street
Structural Mechanics Division San Francisco, California 94104
726 Davis Hall
University of California IDRISS, 1. M.
Berkeley, California 94720 Woodward-Clyde Consultants
2 Embarcadero Center, Suite 700
TAl, James San Francisco, California 94111
Associate
T. Y. Lin International NAKATA, Shinsuke
327 Bay Street Assistant Research Engineer
San Francisco, California 94133 Earthquake Engineering Research
Center
TAKEDA, Toshikazu University of California
Manager, Structural Section Richmond Field Station
Engineering Research Institute Richmond, California 94804
Ohbayashi-Gumi, Ltd. on leave from Building Research
4-640 Shimo-kiyoto, Kiyose Institute, Ministry of Construc-
Tokyo, Japan tion, Tokyo, Japan
KOMENDANT, G. Juri
Structural Engineering and
Structural Mechanics Division
508 Davis Hall
University of California
Berkeley, California 94270
MALIK, Lincoln E.
URS!John A. Blume & Associates
130 Jessie Street
San Francisco, California 94105
OLIVA, Michael
Structural Engineering and
Structural Mechanics Division
410 Davis Hall
University of California
Berkeley, California 94720
ROW, Dennis
Structural Engineering and
Structural Mechanics Division
508 Davis Hall
University of California
Berkeley, California 94720
Appendix C
Chairman: E. Popov
Recording Secretary: J. Komendant
3. EXISTING BUILDINGS
Chairman: R. Hanson
Recording Secretary: J. Axley
A. Repairing
B. Retrofitting
Chairman: M. Sozen
Recording Secretaries: R. Klingner, S. Zagaj eski, with J. Hollings,
L. Malik, M. Oliva, D. Row
Preceding. page
66
B. Design Criteria
C. Code Requirements
1) Foundations
3) Frame-Wall Systems
Chairman: N. Hawkins
Recording Secretary: M. Oliva
6. EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS
Chairman: P. Jennings
Recording Secretaries: R. Stephen, R. Mayes
A. Real Buildings
B. Earthquake Simulators
8. NATIONAL COOPERATION
9. INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION
Chairman: J. Ferry-Borges
Recording Secretary: D. Row
Chairman: W. Corley
Recording Secretary: S. Zagajeski
\ j/\\
\ I \
\1 \
/
/
!\ \ \"
'\
\
i
t' '\\
J .
I \
\ i
"\
\,
;f "\ '~{,
"
\'
Appendix D
RESEARCH DIRECTORY
RELATED TO ERCBC
(compiled from information supplied
by participants)
Preceding.pagel
/
/
71
CANADA
University of Calgary
1. Ghali, A., M. Z. Elmasri, and W. Dilger, "Punching Plates under Static and Dynamic Hor-
izontal Forces," Journal of the American Concrete Institute, ACI Proceedings, Vol. 73, No.
10, October 1976, pp. 566-572.
University of Toronto
1. Uzumeri, S. M., "Strength and Ductility of RIC Columns with Rectangular Ties."
JAPAN
1. Hirosawa, M., "A List of Past Experimental Results of Reinforced Concrete Columns,"
Kenchiku-Kenkyu-Shiryo, No.2, BRI, March 1973.
2. Hirosawa, M., "Past Experimental Results on Reinforced Concrete Shear Walls and
Analysis on Them," Kenchiku-Kenkyu-Shiryo, No.6, BRI, March 1975.
Preceding page.b
72
4. Koizumi, Y., et al., "Lateral Load Tests on Multi-Storied Full Size Building of Reinforced
Concrete Wall Construction for Earthquake-Resistant Design," Research Paper No. 49,
BRI, May 1971.
6. Ozaki, M. and Y. Ishiyama, "An Evaluation Method for the Earthquake Resistant Capacity
of Reinforced Concrete and Steel Reinforced Concrete Columns," Research Paper No. 64,
BRI, February 1976.
7. Ozaki, M., el at., "Earthquake Prediction and Failure of Reinforced Concrete Buildings
due to Repeated Shearing Forces - Part I--Theoretical Analysis of Earthquake Response
Prediction," Research Paper No. 40, BRI, March 1969.
Hokkaido University
4. Ohno, K. and T. Shibata, "On the Damages to the Hakodate College by the Tokachioki
Earthquake, 1968," ibidem.
5. Ohno, K., T. Shibata, and T. Hattori, "An Experimental Study on the Failure of
Columns," ibidem.
6. Ohno, K., T. Shibata, and T. Hattori, "Strength and Lateral Deformability of Columns of
Reinforced Concrete at Shear Failure," Proceedings of the Symposium on Resistance and
Ultimate Deformability of Structures Acted on by Well Defined Repeated Loads, Lisbon, Por-
tugal, September 1973, Rept., Working Commission, International Association for Bridge
and Structural Engineering (IABSE), Zurich.
73
7. Ohno, K., et aI., "Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Columns under Dynamically Repeated
Reversals of Combined Bending and Shear" (forthcoming).
8. Takizawa, H., "Biaxial and Gravity Effects in Modelling Strong-Motion Response of RIC
Structures," preprint from the January 1977 IAEE Sixth World Conference on Earthquake
Engineering, held in New Delhi, India.
9. Takizawa, H., "Non-Linear Models for Simulating the Dynamic Damaging Process of
Low-Rise Reinforced Concrete Buildings during Severe Earthquakes," International Journal
of Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics, John Wiley and Sons, New York, Vol.
4, No.1, July-September 1975.
10. Takizawa, H., "Note on Some Basic Problems in Inelastic Analysis of Planar Reinforced
Concrete Structures (Parts I and 11)," Transactions of the Architectural Institute of Japan,
AU, No. 240, February and March, 1976.
11. Takizawa, H., "Technical Note: Biaxial Effects in Modelling Earthquake Response of RIC
Structures," International Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics, John
Wiley and Sons, New York, Vol. 4, No.6, October-December 1976.
12. Takizawa, H. and P. C. Jennings, "Ultimate Capacity of Low-Rise RIC Buildings Sub-
jected to Intense Earthquake Motion," preprint from the January 1977 IAEE Sixth World
Conference held in New Delhi, India.
13. Takizawa, H. and M. Yoshimura, "Biaxial Effect of Flexural Members on the Strong-
Motion Response of RIC Structures," Proceedings of the Fourth Japan Earthquake Engineer-
ing Symposium, Tokyo, Japan, November 1975.
2. Ariizumi, A., "A Tracer Technique using Boron and Moisture Gauge," Kajima Institute of
Construction TechnolOgy Report, KICT.
3. Hara, A., et aI., "Shear Moduli and Shear Strengths of Cohesive Soils," Kajima Institute of
Construction Technology Report, KICT.
5. Hayakawa, S., "Computer Program for Ventilation Design and Its Application," Kajima
Institute of Construction Technology Report, KICT.
6. Hisada, T., "Earthquake Loading and Seismic Code Requirements for Tall Buildings," Spe-
cial Report, KICT.
74
7. Hisada, T., "Earthquake Resistant Design of Highrise Buildings in Japan," Special Report,
KICT.
10. Hisada, T., et aI., "Earthquake Design Considerations in Reinforced Concrete Columns,"
Kajima Institute oj Construction Technology Report, KICT.
11. Kakizaki, M., "Study on Tensile Creep Properties of Artificial Lightweight Aggregate Con-
crete," Kajima Institute ojContruction Technology Report, KICT.
12. Kobayashi, S., "Vibrational Behavior of Tall Buildings in Strong Wind and Environmental
Wind Conditions, etc.," Kajima Institute oj Construction Technology Report, KICT.
13. Muto, K., et aI., "Aseismic Design and Study of Tall Reinforced Concrete Buildings," Spe-
cial Report, K!CT.
14. Nakahara, Y., T. Ohtomo, and S. Yokota, "Development of New Method for Underwater
Concreting - KDT Tremie Method," Kajima Institute oj Construction Technology Report,
KICT.
15. Ohara, S., "Periodic Heat Transfer in a Multilaid Plane Wall," Kajima Institute ojConstruc-
tion Technology Report, KICT.
16. Ohmori, S., in collaboration with T. Takahashi, H. Tanaka, and S. Watanabe, "Studies on
the Reinforced Concrete Slitted Shear Walls," Kajima Institute oj Construction Technology
Report, KICT.
17. Sagara, N., "Study on Waterhammer in a Water Pipe System Installed in a Highrise Build-
ing Supplied with District Chilled Water," Kajima Institute oj Construction Technology
Report, KICT.
18. Sasaki, T., et aI., "An Experimental Study on Earthquake Resistant Fortification Work for
Already Constructed Reinforced Concrete Buildings," Kajima Institute oj Construction Tech-
nology Report, KICT.
19. Sato, K., et al., "Experimental Study on Beam-to-Column Connections using Cast Steel
T-stube," Kajima Institute oj Construction Technology Report, KICT.
20. Shibuya, T., "Geological Study of Landslide Clay," Kajima Institute oj Construction Technol-
ogy Report, KICT.
75
21. Shohji, M., K. Imai, and T. Narita, "Non-linear Vibration of Framed Structures in Regular
Water Waves," Kajima Institute of Construction Technology Report, KICT.
23. Sugita, K., et al., "Automated Design Program for Air-handling Apparatus," Kajima Insti-
tute ofConstruction Technology Report, KICT.
24. Suzuki, 0., et al., "Field Compaction Tests of SHIRASU," Kajima Institute of Construction
Technology Report, KICT.
25. Tanaka, S., et al., "Analysis of Heating and Cooling Loads Based on Field Measurements,"
Kajima Institute ofConstruction Technology Report, KICT.
26. Yahiro, T., H. Hoshida, and K. Nishi, "On the Characteristics of High Speed Water Jet in
the Liquid and Its Utilization on Induction Grouting Method," Kajima Institute of Con-
struction Technology Report, KICT.
27. Yamamoto, T. and M. Tsuchihiro, "Investigation of Groundwater Flow using Boron and
Moisture Gauge by Single-Well Method," Kajima Institute of Construction Technology
Report, KICT.
28. PCPV Research and Development Group, "Concrete Model Tests on Prestressed Concrete
Pressure Vessels (Parts 1, 2, and 3)," Kajima Institute of Construction Technology Report,
Kajima Corporation.
Kobe University
1. Yamada, M., "Cyclic Bending of Concrete Filled Steel Tube Beam-Columns," Proceedings
of the National Conference on the Planning and Design of Tall Buildings, III-5-D-l, Tokyo,
Japan, August 1973, pp. 73-74.
2. Yamada, M., "Low Cyclic Fatigue Fracture Limits of Various Kinds of Structural
Members Subjected to Alternately Repeated Plastic Bending under Axial Compression as
an Evaluation Basis or Design Criteria for Aseismic Capacity," Proceedings of the Fourth
World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Santiago, Chile, January 1969, International
Association for Earthquake Engineering (IAEE), Vol. I, B-2, pp. 137-151.
4. Yamada, M., "Shear Strength, Deformation and Explosion of Reinforced Concrete Short
Columns," Shear in Reinforced Concrete, Special Publication SP-42, ACI, Vol. 2, 1974, pp,
617-638.
76
5. Yamada, M., discussion of "Strength Decay of RIC Columns under Shear Reversals," by
James K. Wight and Mete A. Sozen, Journal of the Structural Division. ASCE, Vol. 102,
No. ST4, Proc. Paper 12015, April 1976, pp. 863-865.
6. Yamada, M., "Ultimate Deformation of Reinforced Concrete," Planning and Design of Tall
Buildings. ASCE, Vol. III, 1973, pp. 467-471.
7. Yamada, M. and S. Furui, "Shear Resistance and Explosive Cleavage Failure of Rein-
forced Concrete Members Subjected to Axial Load," Final Report, Eighth Congress of the
IABSE, Zurich, September 1968, pp. 1091-1102.
11. Yamada, M. and H. Kawamura, "Fundamental New Aseismic Design of Reinforced Con-
crete Buildings - Based upon the Combined Deformation Characteristics of Various Ase-
ismic Elements in Structures," Proceedings of the Fifth World Conference on Earthquake
Engineering, Rome, Italy, June 1973, Vol. 1, pp. 864-867.
13. Yamada, M. and H. Kawamura, "A Resonance Capacity Criterion for Evaluation of the
Aseismic Capacity of Reinforced Concrete Structures," Reinforced Concrete Structures in
Seismic Zones,
Special Publication SP-53, ACI, Detroit, Michigan, 1974.
15. Yamada, M. and H. Kawamura, "Simplified Calculation Method for Flexural and Shear
Strength and Deformation of Reinforced Concrete Columns under Constant Axial Load,"
Proceedings of the Symposium on Design and Safety of Reinforced Concrete Compression
Members, Theme II, Quebec, Canada, 1974, Rept., Working Commission, IABSE, Zurich,
Vol. 16, pp. 153-160.
77
16. Yamada, M., H. Kawamura, and K. Katagihara, "Reinforced Concrete Shear Walls without
Openings; Test and Analysis," Shear in Reiriforced Concrete, Special Publication SP-42,
ACI, Vol. 2, 1974, pp. 539-558.
17. Yamada, M., H. Kawamura, and K. Katagihara, "Reinforced Concrete Shear Walls with
Openings; Test and Analysis," ibidem, pp. 559-578.
18. Yamada, M., H. Kawamura, and K. Kondoh, "Elasto-plastic Cyclic Horizontal Sway
Behaviours of Reinforced Concrete Unit Rigid Frames Subjected to Constant Vertical
Loads," Proceedings of the Symposium on Resistance and Ultimate Deformability of Structures
Acted on by Well Defined Repeated Loads, Theme IV, Lisbon, Portugal, September 1973,
Rept., Working Commission, IABSE, Zurich, Vol. 12, pp. 199-204.
19. Yamada, M. and K. Tada, "Experimental Investigation on the Fracture Criteria of Con-
crete under Combined Stresses," Proceedings of the International Symposium on the Defor-
mation and Rupture of Solids Subjected to Multiaxial Stresses, Cannes, France, RILEM,
Paris, Vol. I, pp. 245-255.
20. Yamada, M. and S. Yagi, "Shear Explosion of Reinforced Concrete Short Columns - for
the Basis to Establish a New Aseismic Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures,"
Proceedings of the Fifth World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Rome, Italy, June
1973, IAEE, Vol. 1, pp. 791-794.
21. Yamada, M., et al., "Cyclic Deformation Behaviour of Reinforced Concrete Shear Walls,"
preprint from the January 1977, IAEE Sixth World Conference on Earthquake Engineer-
ing, held in New Delhi, India, pp. 11-87 to 11-92.
Kyoto University
I. Tominaga, M., et aI., "Analytical and Experimental Studies on the Deformation Evalua-
tion of Reinforced Concrete Columns under Seismic Forces," Proceedings of the Symposium
on Resistance and Ultimate Deformability of Structures Acted on by Well Defined Repeated
Loads, Lisbon, Portugal, September 1973, Rept., Working Commission, IABSE, Zurich.
2. Tominaga, M., et aI., "Bond Characteristics of Prestressing Tendons in the Joint Region of
Prestressed Concrete Rigid Frames under Seismic Forces, Review of the 26th General
Meeting of the Cement Association, Tokyo, Japan, 1972.
5. Tominaga, M., et al., "An Experimental Study of Reinforced Concrete Frames Subjected
to Repeated Reversed Lateral Load," Review of the 28th General Meeting of the Cement
Association, Tokyo, Japan, 1974.
78
9. Tominaga, M., "Study on Simulated Structural Elements for Reinforced Concrete Frame
Analysis" (Research in Progress).
3. Morino, S., T. Nakamura, and M. Wakabayashi, "An Experimental Study on the Behavior
of Steel Reinforced Concrete Cruciform Frames," Proceedings of the Fifth Symposium on
Earthquake Engineering, University of Roorkee, India, November 1974, Vol. 1, pp. 307-
314.
5. Wakabayashi, M., "Seismic Design of Mixed Steel Concrete Structures in Japan," Proceed-
ings of the International Colloquium on Stability ofStructures under Static and Dynamic Loads,
Washington, D. C., May 1977.
10. Wakabayashi, M., T. Naka, and B. Kato, "Elasto-Plastic Behavior of Encased Structures:
Proceedings of the International Conference on Planning and Design of Tall Buildings, Lehigh
University, Bethlehem, Penn., August 1972, pp. 525-544.
11. Wakabayashi, M., T.Nakamura, and S. Morino, "An Experiment of Steel Reinforced
Concrete Cruciform Frames," Bulletin of the Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto
University, Japan, Vol. 23, December 1973, pp. 75-110.
12. Wakabayashi, M., et al., "A Study on the Behavior of Steel Reinforced Concrete Columns
and Frames," Proceedings of the Symposium on Design and Safety of Reinforced Concrete
Compression Members, Quebec, Canada, 1974, Rept., Working Commission, IABSE,
Zurich, pp. 53-60.
13. "Experimental Study on the Stress Transfer and Load Carrying Capacity in Beam-to-
Column Connection of Reinforced Concrete Frames" (Research in Progress).
1. Tomii, M., "General Analysis of Elasticity of Shear Walls by Airy's Stress Function - Part
I (Elements Not Satisfied Only with Serial Stress Function)," Transactions of the Architec-
tural Institute ofJapan, (AU), No. 154, December 1968.
2. Tomii, M., "General Analysis of Elasticity of Shear Walls by Airy's Stress Function - Part
II (Selection of Algebraic Stress Function which is Necessary Together with Serial Stress
Function)," Transactions of the AIJ, No. 155, January 1969.
4. Tomii, M., "Shear Walls," Proceedings of the International Conference on Planning and
Design of Tall Buildings, Vol. III, August 1972.
80
5. ° Tomii, M., "Japanese Structural Standards for Reinforced Concrete Buildings," ibidem.
6. Tomii, M. and F. Esaki, "Elastic Analysis of Shear Walls with Asymmetric Longitudinal
Section or Asymmetric Transversal Section - Part I (Elastic Analysis of the Shear Walls
Loaded Antisymmetrically with Respect to the Center Line Parallel to their Asymmetric
Section)," Transactions of the AIJ, No. 187, September 1971.
7. Tomii, M. and F. Esaki, "Elastic Analysis of Shear Walls with Asymmetric Longitudinal
Section or Asymmetric Transversal Section - Part II (Elastic Analysis on the Shear Walls
Loaded Antisymmetrically with Respect to the Center Line Parallel to their Asymmetric
Section)," Transactions of the AU, No. 188, October 1971.
8. Tomii, M. and F. Esaki, "Elastic Analysis of Shear Walls with Asymmetric Longitudinal
Section or Asymmetric Transversal Section - Part III (Application of this General Analysis
- Analysis of the Combined Shear and Bending in Simply Supported Coupled Shear Walls
Subjected to a Concentrated Central Load)," Transactions of the AU, No. 189, November
1971.
9. Tomii, M., and H. Hiraishi, "Elastic Analysis of Framed Shear Walls by Considering
Shearing Deformation of the Beams and Columns of their Boundary Frames," Memoirs of
the Faculty ofEngineering, Kyushu University, Vol. 35, No.3, February 1976.
10. Tomii, M. and H. Hiraishi, "Elastic Analysis of Framed Shear Walls by Assuming their
Infilled Panel Walls to be 45-degree Orthotropic Plates," Memoirs of the Faculty of
Engineering, Kyushu University, No.1, 1976.
11. Tomii, M., C. Matsui, and K. Sakino, "Concrete Filled Steel Tube Structures," Proceedings
of the National Cotiference on Tall Bui/dings, ASCE-IABSE Joint Committee, Tokyo, Japan,
Part II, August 1973.
12. Tomii, M., T. Sueoka, and H. Hiraishi, "Airy's Stress Functions for 45-degree Orthotropic
Elastic Plates," Transactions of the AU, No. 249, November 1976.
13. Tomii, M. and M. Takeuchi, "The Relations Between the Deformed Angle and the Shear-
ing Force Ratio (0.80 - 1.00) with Regard to 200 Shear Walls," Transactions of the AU, No.
153, November 1968.
14. Tomii, M. and I. Tokuhiro, "Elastic Analysis of Shear Walls Loaded Antisymmetrically
with Regard to their Longitudinal and Transversal Center Lines - Part I (Airy's Stress
Function, Stresses, Displacements, etc.)," Transactions of the AU, No. 160, June 1969.
IS. Tomii, M. and I. Tokuhiro, "Elastic Analysis of Shear Walls Loaded Antisymmetrically
with Regard to their Longitudinal and Transversal Center Lines - Part II (Equations for
Conditions which are Necessary to Define the Unknown Coefficients, and Numerical
Results of an Example)," Transactions of the AIJ, No. 161, July 1969.
16. Tomii, M. and I. Tokuhiro, "Elastic Analysis of Shear Walls Loaded Symmetrically with
Regard to their Longitudinal and Transversal Center Lines - Part I (Airy's Stress Func-
tion, Stresses, Displacements, etc.)," Transactions of the AU, No. 162, August 1969.
81
17. Tomii, M. and 1. Tckuhiro, "Elastic Analysis of Shear Walls Loaded Symmetrically with
Regard to their Longitudinal and Transversal Center Lines - Part 11 (Equations for Condi-
tions which are Necessary to Define the Unknown Coefficients, and Numerical Results of
an Example)," Transactions of the AU, No. 163, September 1969.
18. Tomii, M. and 1. Tokuhiro, "Elastic Analysis of Shear Walls Loaded Antisymmetrically
with Regard to Longitudinal Center Line and Symmetrically with Regard to Transversal
Center Line - Part 1 (Airy's Stress Function, Stresses, Displcements, etc.)," Transactions
of the AU, No. 165, November 1969.
19. Tomii, M. and 1. Tokuhiro, "Elastic Analysis of Shear Walls Loaded Antisymmetrically
with Regard to their Longitudinal Center Line and Symmetrically with Regard to their
Transversal Center Line - Part 11 (Equations for Conditions which are Necessary to Define
the Unknown Coefficients and Unknown Factor)," Transactions of the AI!, No. 166,
December 1969.
20. Tomii, M. and 1. Tokuhiro, "Elastic Analysis of Shear Walls Loaded Antisymmetrically
with Regard to Longitudinal Center Line and Symmetrically with Regard to Transversal
Center Line - Part 111 (Numerical Results of an Example)," Transactions of the AU, No.
167, January 1970.
21. Tomii, M. and T. Yamakawa, "Relations between the Nodal External Forces and the
Nodal Displacements on the Boundary Frames of Rectangular Elastic Framed Shear
Walls," Memoirs of the Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, Vol. 34, No.1, August
1974.
22. Tomii, M. and T. Yamakawa, "Relations between the Nodal External Forces and the
Nodal Displacements on the Boundary Frames of Rectangular Elastic Framed Shear Walls
- Part 1 (Relations between the Nodal External Forces and Representative Components of
their Fundamental Components)," Transactions of the AI!, No. 237, November 1975.
23. Tomii, M. and T. Yamakawa, "Relations between the Nodal External Forces and the
Nodal Displacements on the Boundary Frames of Rectangular Elastic Framed Shear Walls
- Part 11 (Relations between the Nodal Displacements and the Representative Com-
ponents of their Fundamental Components)," Transactions of the AU, No. 238, December
1975.
24. Tomii, M. and T. Yamakawa, "Relations between the Nodal External Forces and the
Nodal Displcements on the Boundary Frames of Rectangular Elastic Framed Shear Walls -
Part 111 (General Relations between the Nodal External Forces and the Nodal Displace-
ments)," Transactions of the AU, No. 239, January 1976.
25. Tomii, M. and T. Yamakawa, "Relations between the Nodal External Forces and the
Nodal Displacements on the Boundary Frames of Rectangular Elastic Framed Shear Walls
- Part IV (Stiffness Matrices and Flexibility Matrices)," Transactions of the AU, No. 240,
February 1976.
26. Tomii, M. and T. Yamakawa, "Relations between the Nodal External Forces and the
Nodal Displacements on the Boundary Frames of Rectangular Elastic Framed Shear Walls
- Part V (A Numerical Example, Conclusions, Notation and References)," Transactions of
the AU, No. 241, March 1976.
82
27. Tomii, M. and K. Yoshimura, "Damage to a Reinforced Concrete Hotel Buildings due to
the Ohita Earthquake of April 21, 1975," preprint from the January 1977 IAEE Sixth
World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, held in New Delhi, India.
28. Tomii, M., K. Yoshimura, and Y. Morishita, "Experimental Studies on Concrete Filled
Steel Tubular Stub Columns under Concentric Loading," paper presented at the Interna-
tional Colloquium on Stability of Structures under Static and Dynamic Loads, held in
Washington, D. C., May 1977.
29. Yoshimura, K. and M. Inoue, "Static and Dynamic Analyses of Reinforced Concrete
Frames with Framed Shear Walls Arranged Apart," Transactions of the AU, No. 250,
December 1976.
1. Edo, H. and T. Takeda, "Study on RIC Frame Structures under Simulated Earthquake
Motion."
1. Iguchi, M., "A Basic Study on the Behaviour of Long Dimensional Size Buildings during
Earthquakes," preprint from the January 1977 IAEE Sixth World Conference on Earth-
quake Engineering, held in New Delhi, India.
2. Iguchi, M., "Input Earthquake Motion to Structure and Response Analysis with Con-
sideration of the Size," Proceedings of the Third Japan Symposium on Earthquake Engineer-
ing, November 1970.
3. Iguchi, M., "Static Analysis of Core-Wall Type Structures on Elastic Foundation," Proceed-
ings of the Symposium on, Analytical Problems for Design of Structures, 20th National Sympo-
sium on Bridge and Structural Engineering, March 1975, pp. 53-67.
--~---------------------
83
4. Shibata, A. and M. Sozen, "Use of Linear Models in Design to Reflect the Effect of Non-
linear Response," Proceedings of the Review Meeting of the U.S.-Japan Cooperative Research
Program in Earthquake Engineering with Emphasis on the Safety of School Buildings, Hono-
lulU, Hawaii, 1975.
5. Shiga, T., "Earthquake Damage and the Amount of Walls in Reinforced Concrete Build-
ings," preprint from the January 1977 IAEE Sixth World Conference on Earthquake
Engineering, held in New Delhi, India.
6. Shiga, T., and J. Ogawa, "The Experimental Study on the Dynamic Behavior of Rein-
forced Concrete Frames," Proceedings of the Fourth World Conference on Earthquake
Engineering, Santiago, Chile, January 1969, IAEE.
7. Shiga, T., A. Shibata, and J. Shibuy, "Dynamic Properties and Earthquake Response of a
9-Story Reinforced Concrete Building," Proceedings of the Fifth World Conference on Earth-
quake Engineering, Rome, Italy, June 1973, IAEE.
84
10. Shiga, T., et aI., "The Dynamic Properties of Reinforced Concrete Frames," Proceedings of
the U.S.-Japan Seminar on Earthquake Engineering with Emphasis on the Safety of School
Buildings, Sendai, Japan, September 1970.
11. Takahashi, J. and T. Shiga, "Restoring Force Characteristics of Reinforced Concrete Shear
Walls," Proceedings of the Fourth Japan Earthquake Engineering Symposium, Tokyo, Japan,
1975.
12. Analysis of Damage in RIC Buildings Caused by Past Destructive Earthquakes (Research
in Progress).
13. Analysis of Inelastic Behavior of RIC Elements by Discrete Models Considering Non-
linear Shear and Bond Characteristics (Research in Progress).
15. Earthquake Response Analysis of RIC Frames Composed of Inelastic Beams and Columns
(Research in Progress).
16. Experimental Study on RIC Elements Subjected to Dynamic Cyclic Loading (Research in
Progress).
17. Use of Equivalent Linear Models to Interpret the General Characteristics of Inelastic
Earthquake Response of RIC Structures (Research in Progress).
University of Tokyo
2. Aoyama, H., "Simple Nonlinear Models for the Seismic Response of Reinforced Concrete
Buildings," Proceedings of the Review Meeting of the U.S.-Japan Cooperative Research Pro-
gram in Earthquake Engineering with Emphasis on the Safety of School Buildings, Honolulu,
Hawaii, August 1975, pp. 291-309.
3. Aoyama, H., Y. Osawa, and K. Matsushita, "On the Earthquake Resisting Capacity of
Reinforced Concrete School Buildings Subjected to 1968 Tokachi-oki Earthquake - Com-
parison of Damaged and Undamaged Buildings," Proceedings of the U.S. -Japan Seminar on
Earthquake Engineering with Emphasis on the Safety of School Buildings, Sendai, Japan, Sep-
tember 1970, pp. 199-224.
85
6. Aoyama, H., et aI., "Development of 15 Story Precast Concrete Apartment House - Parts
1 and 2," Proceedings of the Japan-U.S. Science Seminar, Seattle, Washington, August 1971,
pp. 53-80.
7. Aoyama, H., et al., "A Study on the Cause of Damage to the Hachinohe Technical Col-
lege due to 1968 Tokachi-oki Earthquake (Parts 1 and 2)," Proceedings of the U.S.-Japan
Seminar on Earthquake Engineering with Emphasis on the Scifety of School Buildings, Sendai,
Japan, September 1970, pp. 199-224.
8. Aoyama, H., et al., "Tests and Analyses of SRC Beam-Column Subassemblages," Annual
Report of the Engineering Research Institute, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tokyo,
Japan, Vol. 35, September 1976, pp. 51-62; see also preprint from the January 1977 IAEE
Sixth World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, held in New Delhi, India.
10. Murakami, M. and J. Penzien, "Nonlinear Response Spectra for Probabilistic Seismic
Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures," ibidem, pp. 247-273; see also Report No. EERC
75-38, University of California, Berkeley, 1975.
11. Okada, T. and B. Bresler, "Seismic Safety of Existing Low-Rise Reinforced Concrete
Buildings - Screening Method," ibidem, pp. 210-246; see also, Report No. EERC 76-1,
University of California, .Berkeley, 1976.
12. Rezayee, M. A., H. Umemura, and H. Aoyama, "Test and Construction Techniques of
Plain Brick Walls for Lateral Load," Proceedings of the Architectural Institute of Japan,
Kanto District Symposium, pp. 89-96; see also Proceedings of the AIJ Annual Convention,
October 1973, pp. 1317-1318; also, Ph.D. Diss., University of Tokyo, 1975.
14. Umemura, H., "Aseismic Measures for Reinforced Concrete Structures - In View of Dam-
age from Oita Earthquake of 1975," Proceedings of the Review Meeting of the U.S.-Japan
Cooperative Research Program in Earthquake Engineering with Emphasis on the Safety of
School Buildings, Honolulu, Hawaii, August 1975, pp. 164-173.
86
17. Umemura, H., H. Aoyama, and H. Takizawa, "Analysis of the Behavior of Reinforced
Concrete Structures during Strong Earthquakes Based on Empirical Estimation of Inelastic
Restoring Force Characteristics of Members," Proceedings of the Fifth World Conference on
Earthquake Engineering, Rome, Italy, June 1973, IAEE, pp. 2201-2210.
18. Umemura, H. and Y. Hosokawa, "Aseismic Characteristics of RIC Box and Cylinder
Walls," preprint from the January 1977 IAEE Sixth World Conference on Earthquake
Engineering, held in New Delhi, India, pp. 11-153 to 11-158.
19. Umemura, H. and M. Itoh, "Experimental Studies on Reinforced Concrete Members and
Composite Steel and Reinforced Concrete Members," Report of the Department ofArchitec-
ture, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tokyo, December 1970.
20. Research Committee on Vibration and Loading Tests of Old Tokyo Kaijo Building,
"Vibration and Loading Tests of Old Tokyo Kaijo Building," Report of the Department of
Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tokyo, December 1967; see also
Proceedings of the Fourth World Conftrence on Earthquake Engineering, Santiago, Chile,
January 1969.
3. Higashi, Y. and M. Ohkubo, "Effective Width and Ultimate Strength of Reinforced Con-
crete T-Beams," Proceedings of the Symposium on Thin Plates and Space Structures, No. 14,
December 1967.
5. Higashi, Y. and M. Ohkubo, "Static and Dynamic Loading Tests of Reinforced Concrete
Frames with Thin Spandrel or Wing Walls," Proceedings of the U.S.-Japan Seminar on
Earthquake Engineering with Emphasis on the Safety of School Buildings, Sendai, Japan, Sep-
tember 1970.
87
9. Nishikawa, T., "Relation between Yield Strengths and Response Displacements of Struc-
tures," preprint from the January 1977 IAEE Sixth World Conference on Earthquake
Engineering, held in New Delhi, India.
10. Nishikawa, T., "Study on Dynamic Behavior and Earthquake Response Analysis of the
Appendage on Structures," Memoirs of the Faculty of Technology, Tokyo Metropolitan
University, No. 23, 1973.
1. Tanaka, Y., et at., "Shear Strength of Reinforced Concrete Columns," preprint from the
January 1977 IAEE Sixth World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, held in New
Delhi, India.
3. Tani, S., et aI., "Ah Analytical Study on Restoring Force Characteristics of Reinforced
Concrete Framed Structures," preprint from the January 1977 IAEE Sixth World Confer-
ence on Earthquake Engineering, held in New Delhi, India.
4. Tani, S., et al., "Earthquake Response of Reinforced Concrete Structures Considering the
Discontinuous Failure Process to Collapse," Proceedings of the Fifth World Conference on
Earthquake Engineering, Rome, Italy, June 1973, IAEE, pp. 1379-1388.
6. Tani, S., et aI., "Study on Restoring Force Characteristics of Reinforced Concrete Struc-
tures (Nonlinear Seismic Response)," Proceedings of the Third Japan Earthquake Engineer-
ing Symposium, 1970, pp. 699-706.
7. Tani, S., et aI., "Study on Restoring Force Characteristics of Reinforced Concrete Struc-
tures (Static Analysis)," ibidem, pp. 691-698.
88
NEW ZEALAND
2. "Uniaxial Dynamic Analysis of a Six Story RIC Framed Structure," Research and Develop-
ment Report No. 77-1, Structural Design Section, Ministry of Works and Development,
New Zealand.
1. Skinner, R., et aI., "Hysteretic Dampers to Provide Structures with Increased Earthquake
Resistance," preprint from the January 1977 International Association for Earthquake
Engineering (IAEE) Sixth World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, held in New
Delhi, India, pp. 3-333 to 3-338.
University of Auckland
1. Bartlett, P. E., "Foundation Rocking on a Clay Soil," UASE Report No. 154, Department
of Civil Engineering, University of Auckland, 1977.
2. Fenwick, R. C. and H. M. Irvine, "Reinforced Concrete Beam Column Joints for Seismic
Loading," UASE Report No. 142, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Auck-
land, March 1977.
4. Irvine, H. M., "The Centre of Earthquake Loading for Tall Buildings," Bulletin of the New
Zealand National Society for Earthquake Engineering, December 1976.
6. Taylor, P. W., "Interpretation of Dynamic Tests on Soils," UASE Report No. 120, Depart-
ment of Civil Engineering, University of Auckland, 1975.
11. Fong, A., "Shear Resistance of Reinforced Concrete Beams in Plastic Hinge Zones under
Cyclic Loading," under the supervision of R. C. Fenwick (Research in Progress).
12. Taylor, P. W., "Assessment of Earthquake Risk in New Zealand" (Research In Progress).
2. Davey, B. E. and R. Park, "Reinforced Concrete Bridge Piers Under Seismic Loading,"
Research Report 75-3, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, 1975.
3. Islam, S., "Limit Design of Reinforced Concrete Slabs - Openings and Slab-Column Con-
nections," Ph.D. Diss., University of Canterbury, Christchurch, 1973.
4. Kelly, T. E., "Some Seismic Design Aspects of Multistorey Concrete Frames," Master of
Engineering Report, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, 1974.
11. Park, R. and T. Paulay, Reinforced Concrete Structures, John Wiley and Sons, New York,
1975.
12. Patton, R. N., "Behaviour under Seismis Loading of Reinforced Concrete Beam-Column
Joints with Anchorage Blocks," Master of Engineering Report, University of Canterbury,
Christchurch, 1972.
13. Paulay, T., "Design Aspects of Shear Walls for Seismic Areas," Research Report 74-11,
University of Canterbury, Christchurch, 1974.
15. Renton, G. W., "Behaviour of Reinforced Concrete Beam-Column Joints under Seismic
Loading," Master of Engineering Thesis, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, 1972.
16. Row, D. G., "Effect of Skew Seismic Response of Reinforced Concrete Frames," Master
of Engineering Report, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, 1973.
17. Santhakumar, A. R. and T. Paulay, "Ductility of Coupled Shear Walls," Research Report
74-10, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, 1974.
18. Sharpe, R. D. and A. J. Carr, "Seismic Response of Inelastic Structures," Research Report
74-13, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, 1974.
19. Smith, B. J., "Exterior Reinforced Concrete Joints with Low Axial Load under Seismic
Loading," Master of Engineering Report, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, 1972.
20. Spurr, D. D. and T. Paulay, "The Post-Elastic Response of Frame-Shear Wall Assemblies
Subjected to Simulated Seismic Loading," Ph.D. Diss., 1977; see also preprint from the
January 1977 lAEE Sixth World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, held in New
Delhi, India, pp. 3-219 to 3-224.
21. Thompson, K. J. and R. Park, "Ductility of Concrete Frames under Seismic Loading,"
Research Report 75-14, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, 1975.
23. Beckingsale, C. W., R. Park and T. Paulay, "Post-Elastic Behaviour of Reinforced Con-
crete Beam-Column Joints" (Research in Progress).
24. Birss, G. R., R. Park, and T. Paulay, "Reinforced Concrete Beam-Column Joints"
(Research in Progress).
25. Bryson, S. J., D. G. Elms, and R. Park, "Probabilistic Approach to Capacity Design of
Reinforced Concrete Structures" (Research in Progress).
91
26. Bull, 1. N. and T. Paulay, "Spandrel Beams for Tube Frames" (Research in Progress).
27. Jury, R. D., T. Paulay, and A. J. Carr, "Seismic Load Demands on Columns of Rein-
forced Concrete Multistorey Frames" (Research in Progress).
28. Keong, Y. S. and R. Park, "Prestressed Concrete Beam-Column Joints" (Research in Pro-
gress) .
29. Taylor, R. G. and T. Paulay, "Nonlinear Seismic Response of Tall Shear Walls Structures"
(Research in Progress).
UNITED STATES
I. Crouse, C. B., "Engineering Studies of the San Fernando Earthquake," EERL 73-04,
Earthquake Engineering Research Laboratory, California Institute of Technology,
Pasadena, March 1973.
2. Crouse, C. B. and P. C. Jennings, "Soil Structure Interaction During the San Fernando
Earthquake," Bulletin of the Seismological Society ofAmerica, Vol. 65, No.1, February 1975,
pp. 13-36. .
3. Foutch, D. A., "A Study of the Vibrational Characteristics of Two Multistory Buildings;'
EERL 76-03, Earthquake Engineering Research Laboratory, California Institute of Tech-
nology, Pasadena, September 1976 (PB-260 8741 AS).
8. Giberson, M. F., "Two Nonlinear Beams with Definitions of Ductility," Journal of the
Structural Division, ASCE, Vol. 95, February 1969, pp. 137-157.
92
9. Hoerner, J. B., "Modal Coupling and Earthquake Response of Tall Buildings," EERL 71-
07, Earthquake Engineering Research Laboratory, California Institute of Technology,
Pasadena, June 1971 (PB-207 635).
10. Hoerner, J. B., and P. C. Jennings, "Modal Interference in Vibration Tests," Journal of the
Structural Division, ASCE, Vol. 95, August 1969, pp. 827-839.
13. Hudson, D. E., "Dynamic Properties of Full-Scale Structures Determined from Natural
Excitations," Dynamic Response of Structures, G. Herrman and N. Perrone, eds., Pergamon
Press, New York, 1972.
14. Hudson, D. E., "A New Vibration Exciter for Dynamic Test of Full-Scale Structures."
15. Hudson, D. E., "Resonance Testing of Full-Scale Structures," Journal of the Engineering
Mechanics Division, ASCE, Vol. 90, EM3, June 1964, pp. 1-19.
16. Hudson, D. E., "Synchronized Vibration Generators for Dynamic Tests of Full-Scale
Structures," 1962.
17. Hudson, D. E., and D. K. Jephcott, "The San Fernando Earthquake and Public School
Safety," Bulletin of the Seismological Society ofAmerica, Vol. 64, No.6, December 1974, pp.
1653-1670.
18. Hudson, D. E., W. O. Keightley, and N. N. Nielsen, "A New Method for the Measure-
ment of the Natural Periods of Buildings," Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,
Vol. 54, No.1, February 1964, pp. 233-241.
19. Husid, R., "Gravity Effects on the Earthquake Response of Yielding Structures," 1967.
22. Iwan, W. D., "The Distributed-Element Concept of Hysteretic Modeling and Its Applica-
tion to Transient Response Problems," Proceedings of the Fourth World Conference on
Earthquake Engineering, Santiago, Chile, January 1969.
93
23. Iwan, W. D., "A Distributed-Element Model for Hysteresis and Its Steady-State Dynamic
Response," Journal ofApplied Mechanics, Vol. 33, No.4, December 1966, pp. 893-900.
24. Iwan, W. D., "Earthquake Response of Degrading Structures," preprint from the January
1977 International Association for Earthquake Engineering (IAEE) Sixth World Confer-
ence on Earthquake Engineering, held in New Delhi, India, pp. 3-121 to 3-126.
25. Iwan, W. D., "A Model for the Dynamic Analysis of Deteriorating Systems," Proceedings
of the Fifth World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Rome, Italy, June 1973, IAEE.
27. Jennings, P. C., "Response of Coupled Shear-Wall Structures," Great Alaska Earthquake of
1964: Engineering, Publication 1606, National Academy of Sciences, Washington, D. C.,
1973.
28. Jennings, P. C., "Engineering Features of the San Fernando Earthquake of February 9,
1971," EERL 71-02, Earthquake Engineering Research Laboratory, California Institute of
Technology, Pasadena, June 1971 (PB-202550).
29. Jennings, P. C., and J. Bielak, "Dynamics of Building-Soil Interaction," Bulletin of the
Seismological Society ofAmerica, Vol. 63, No.1, February 1973, pp. 9-48.
31. Jennings, P. C. and R.Husid, "Collapse of Yielding Structures During Earthquakes," Jour-
nal of the Engineering Mechanics Division, ASCE, Vol. 94, October 1968, pp. 1045-1065.
33. Jennings, P. C. and K. S. Skattum, "Dynamic Properties ofPlanar, Coupled Shear Walls,"
International Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics, John Wiley and
Sons, New York, Vol. 1, No.4, April-June 1973, pp. 387-405.
34. Jephcott, D. K. and D. E. Hudson, "The Performance of Public School Plants During the
San Fernando Earthquake," EERL 74-01, Earthquake Engineering Research Laboratory,
California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, September 1974 (PB-240 000/AS).
37. Nigam, N. C., "Inelastic Interactions in the Dynamic Response of Structures," 1967.
38. Skattum, K. S., "Dynamic Analysis of Coupled Shear Walls and Sandwich Beams," EERL
71-06, Earthquake Engineering Research Laboratory, California Institute of Technology,
Pasadena, June 1971 (PB-205 267).
39. Spencer, R. A., "The Nonlinear Response of Some Multistory Reinforced and Prestressed
Concrete Structures SUbjected to Earthquake Excitation," 1968.
40. Takizawa, H., and P. C. Jennings, "Dynamics of Collapse of Low-Rise RIC Structures,"
preprint from the January 1977 IAEE Sixth World Conference on Earthquake Engineer-
ing, held in New Delhi, India, pp. 3-79 to 3-84.
41. Trifunac, M. D., "Comparisons between Ambient and Forced Vibration Experiments,"
International Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics, John Wiley and
Sons, New York, Vol. 1, No.2, October-December 1972, pp. 107-132.
42. Wong, H. L., "Dynamic Soil-Structure Interaction," EERL 75-0/, Earthquake Engineering
Research Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, May 1975 (PB-247
2331 AS).
43. Wong, H. L., J. E. Luco, and M. D. Trifunac, "Contact Stresses and Ground Motion Gen-
erated by Soil-Structure Interaction," International Journal of Earthquake Engineering and
Structural Dynamics, JOhn Wiley and Sons, New York, Vol. 5, No.1, January-March 1977,
pp. 67-79.
47. Iwan, W. D., "Response of Dynamic Systems with Localized Nonlinearities" (Research in
Progress).
Cornell University
2. Jimenez, R., R. N. White, and P. Gergely, "Bond and Dowel Capacities of Reinforced
Concrete," paper presented at a Symposium on the Interaction Between Steel and Con-
crete, ACI, San Diego, March 1977.
3. Jimenez, R., et aI., "Interface Shear Transfer and Dowel Action in Cracked Reinforced
Concrete Subjected to Cyclic Shear," Methods of Structural Analysis, Proceedings of the
National Structural Engineering Conference, Madison, Wisconsin, ASCE, August, 1976,
Vol. 1.
6. Smith, J. K., P. Gergely, and R. N. White, "The Effects of Cracks on the Seismic Analysis
of Reinforced Concrete Nuclear Containment Vessels," Report No. 368, Department of
Structural Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, April 1977.
7. White, R. N., and M. J. Holley, Jr., "Experimental Studies of Membrane Shear Transfer,"
Journal of the Structural Division, ASCE, Vol. 98, No. ST8, August 1972, pp. 1835-1852.
1. "Basis for Seismic Resistant Design of Mechanical and Electrical Service Systems,"
prepared for NSF/RANN, May 1976 (with G. M. and T. R. Simonson, Consulting
Engineers) .
1. Ackroyd and Biggs, "The Formulation and Experimental Verification of Multistory Build-
ings," Dept. of Civil Engineering Report R74-37, ST No. 394, May 1974.
4. Biggs and Grace, "Seismic Response of Buildings Designed by Code for Different Earth-
quake Intensities," Dept. ofCivil Engineering Report R73-7, ST No. 358, January 1973.
5. Czarnecki, "Earthquake Damage to Tall Buildings," Dept. of Civil Engineering Report R73-8,
ST No. 359, January 1973.
6. Frank, R., "Dynamic Modeling of Large Precast Panel Buildings Using Finite Elements
with Substructuring," Dept. of Civil Engineering Report R76-36, August 1976.
7. Frank, R., et aI., "Variability of Inelastic Structural Response due to Real and Artificial
Ground Motions," Dept. of Civil Engineering Report R76-6, ST No. 529, January 1976.
8. Gasparini, D. A., "On the Safety Provided by Alternate Seismic Design Methods," Dept. of
Civil Engineering Report R77-22, ST No. 573, July 1977 (under the supervision of J. M.
Biggs).
10. Gazetas, G., "Random Vibration Analysis of Inelastic Multi-Degree of Freedom Systems
Subjected to Earthquake Ground Motions," Dept. of Civil Engineering Report R 76-39, ST
No. 556, August 1976.
11. Haviland, R., "A Study of the Uncertainties in the Fundamental Translational Periods and
Damping Values for Real Buildings," Dept. of Civil Engineering Report R76-12, ST No. 531,
February 1976.
12. Isabell and Biggs, "Inelastic Design of Building Frames to Resist Earthquakes," Dept. of
Civil Engineering Report R74-36, ST No. 393, May 1974.
13. Krimgold, F., "Seismic Design Decisions for the Commonwealth of Massachusetts State
Building Code," Dept. o/Civil Engineering Report R77-27, ST No. 575, June 1977.
14. Lanham, K., "Seismic Response of Composite Precast Concrete Walls," Dept. of Civil
Engineering report in preparation (to be published in October 1977).
15. Larrabee and Whitman, "Costs of Reinforcing Existing Buildings and Constructing New
Buildings to Meet Earthquake Codes," Dept. of Civil Engineering 76-25, ST No. 546, June
1976.
16. Leslie and Biggs, "Earthquake Code Evaluation and the Effect of Seismic Design on the
Cost of Buildings," Dept. of Civil Engineering Report R72-20, ST No. 341, May 1972.
17. Llorente, C., "The Effect of Opening of Horizontal Connections on the Dynamic Behavior
of Precast Panel Buldings," Dept. of Civil Engineering report in preparation.
97
18. Luyties, W., et al., "Studies on the Inelastic Dynamic Analysis and Design of Multi-Story
Frames," Dept. of Civil Engineering Report R76-29, ST No. 548, July 1976.
19. Mark, K. and J. Roesset, "Nonlinear Dynamic Response of RIC Frames," Dept. of Civil
Engineering Report R76-38, August 1976.
20. Schayek, S. and J. Roesset, "Effect of Ductility on Response Spectra for Elasto-Plastic Sys-
tems," Dept. of Civil Engineering Report R76-42, September 1976.
21. Unemori, A., "Nonlinear Inelastic Dynamic Analysis with Soil-Flexibility in Rocking,"
Dept. of Civil Engineering Report R76-13, ST No. 532, February 1976.
22. Vanmarcke, E., et aI., "Comparison of Seismic Analysis Procedures for Elastic Multi-
Degree Systems," Dept. of Civil Engineering Report R76-5, ST No. 528, January 1976.
23. Vanmarcke, E., and S. P. Lai, "Strong-Motion Duration of Earthquakes," Dept. of Civil
Engineering Report R77-16, ST No. 569, July 1977.
24. Whitman, "Damage Probability Matrices for Prototype Buildings," Dept. of Civil Engineer-
ing Report R73-57, ST No. 380, November 1973.
25. Whitman, Azia, and Wong, "Preliminary Correlations between Earthquake Damage and
Strong Ground Motion," Dept. of Civil Engineering Report R77-5, ST No. 564, February
1977.
26. Whitman, Hong, and Reed, "Damage Statistics for High-Rise Buildings in the Vicinity of
the San Fernando Earthquake," Dept. of Civil Engineering Report R73-24, ST No. 363, April
1973.
27. Whitman and Protonotarios, "Inelastic Response to Site-Modified Ground Motions," Dept.
of Civil Engineering Report R77-11, Order No. 568, April 1977.
28. Whitman, et aI., "Methodology and Initial Damage Statistics," Dept. of Civil Engineering
Report R72-17, ST No. 339, March 1972.
29. Whitman, et aI., "Methodology and Pilot Application," Dept. of Civil Engineering Report
R74-15, ST No. 395, July 1974.
30. Wong, "Correlation between Earthquake Damage and Strong Ground Motion," Dept. of
Civil Engineering Report R75-24, Order No. 505, May 1975.
31. Zeck, U. 1., "Joints in Large Panel Precast Concrete Structures," Dept. of Civil Engineering
Report R76-16, Order No. 535, January 1976.
32. Beck and Biggs, "Seismic Resistance of Large Precast Panel Building Systems," Analytical
Parametric Studies.
98
1. Barda, F., "Shear Strength of Low-Rise Walls with Boundary Elements," Ph.D. Diss.,
Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Penn., 1972.
2. Barda, F., J. M. Hanson, and W. G. Corley, "An Investigation of the Design and Repair
of Low-Rise Shear Walls," Proceedings of the Fifth World Conference on Earthquake
Engineering, Rome, Italy, June 1973, IAEE.
3. Barda, F., J. M. Hanson, and W. G. Corley, "Shear Strength of Low-Rise Walls with
Boundary Elements," Research and Development Bulletin RD043.01D, Portland Cement
Association, Skokie, Illinois, 1976.
6. Carpenter, J. E., P. H. Kaar, and W. G. Corley, "Design of Ductile Flat Plate Structures
to Resist Earthquakes," Proceedings of the Fifth World Conference on Earthquake Engineer-
ing, Rome, Italy, June 1973, IAEE; see also, Research and Development Bulletin
RD035.0lD, PCA, Skokie, Illinois.
10. Corley, W. G., "Laboratory Tests of Shear Walls for Multi-Story Buildings," Proceedings of
the Fifth European Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Istanbul, Turkey, September
1975.
II. Corley, W. G. and N. W. Hanson, "Design of Beam-Column Joints for Seismic Resistant
Reinforced Concrete Frames," Proceedings of the Fourth World Conference on Earthquake
Engineering, Santiago, Chile, January 1969,IAEE.
99
13. Derecho, A. T., G. N. Freskakis, and M. Fintel, "Dynamic Inelastic Behavior of RIC
Structural Walls," preprint from the January 1977 IAEE Sixth World Conference on
Earthquake Engineering, held in New Delhi, India.
14. Derecho, A. T., G. N. Freskakis, and M. Fintel, "The Effect of the Frequency Charac-
teristics of Ground Motions on Nonlinear Structural Response," preprint from the January
1977 lAEE Sixth World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, held in New Delhi,
India.
15. Derecho, A. T., G. N. Freskakis, and M. Fintel, "A Study of the Effect of the Frequency
Characteristics of Ground Motions on Nonlinear Structural Response;" Proceedings of the
International Symposium on Earthquake Structural Engineering (ISESE), St. Louis, Missouri,
August 1976, Vol. 1, pp. 21-36.
16. Derecho, A. T., et aI., "Structural Walls in Earthquake Resistant Structures: Analytical
Investigation," Progress Report to the National Science Foundation, Portland Cement ASsoci-
ation, Skokie, Illinois, August 1975.
17. Derecho, A. T., et al., "Structural WaIlS in Earthquake Resistant Structures: Dynamic
Analysis of Isolated Structural Walls - Parts A, B," Progress Report to the National Science
Foundation, Portland Cement Association, Skokie, Illinois, October 1976.
18. Derecho, A. T., et al., "Structural Walls in Earthquake Resistant Structures: Dynamic
Analysis of Isolated Structural Walls - Part C," Interim Report to the National Science Foun-
dation, Portland Cement Association, Skokie, Illinois, November 1976.
19. Fiorato, A. E., R. G. Oesterle, and J. E. Carpenter, "Reversing Load Tests of Five Iso-
lated Structural Walls," Proceedings of the lSESE, St. Louis, Missouri, August 1976, Vol. I,
pp.437-453.
20. Fiorato, A. E., R. G. Oesterle, and W. G. Corley, "Ductility of Structural Walls for Design
of Earthquake Resistant Buildings," preprint from the January 1977 IAEE Sixth World
Conference on Earthquake Engineering, held in New Delhi, India.
21. Fiorato, A. E., et aI., "Highlights of an Experimental Investigation of the Seismic Perfor-
mance of Structural Walls," Proceedings of the ASCEIEMD Specialty Conference on Dynamic
Response of Structures: Instrumentation, Testing Methods and System Identification, Univer-
sity of California, Los Angeles, March 1976, pp. 308-317.
22. Freskakis, G. N., A. T. Derecho, and M. Fintel, "Inelastic Seismic Response of Isolated
Structural Walls," Proceedings of the ISESE, St. Louis, Missouri, August 1976, VoL II, pp.
1165-1180.
23. Ghosh, S. K., "A Computer Program for the Analysis of Slender Structural Wall Sections
under Monotonic Loading," Supplement No.2, Progress Report to the National Science
Foundation, Portland Cement Association, Skokie, Illinois, August 1975.
100
24. Ghosh, S. K. and A. T. Derecho, "Supplementary Output Package for DRAIN-2D," Sup-
plement No.1, Progress Report to the National Science Foundation, Portland Cement Asso-
ciation, Skokie, Illinois, August 1975.
25. Ghosh, S. K., A. T. Derecho, and M. Fintel, "Preliminary Design Aids for Sections of
Slender Structural Walls," Supplement No.3, Progress Report to the National Science Foun-
dation, Portland Cement Association, Skokie, I1linois, August 1975.
26. Ghosh, S. K. and M. Fintel, "Effects of Axial Loading on Slender Structural Walls in
Earthquake-Resistant Multistory Buildings," preprint from the January 1977 IAEE Sixth
World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, held in New Delhi, India.
27. Ghosh, S. K. and M. Fintel, "Effects of Sectional Shape on the Strength and Ductility of
Slender Structural Walls in Earthquake-Resistant Multistory Buildings," Proceedings of the
ISESE, St. Louis, Missouri, August 1976, Vol. II, pp. 1181-1193.
28. Hanson, N. W., "Seismic Resistance of Concrete Frames with Grade 60 Reinforcement,"
Journal of the Structural Division, ASCE, Vol. 97, No. ST6, June 1971, pp. 1685-1700.
32. Hawkins, N. M. and W. G. Corley, "Moment Transfer to Column in Slabs with Shearhead
Reinforcement," Shear in Reinforced Concrete, Special Publication SP-42, AC1, Detroit,
Michigan; see also Research and Development Bulletin RD037, Portland Cement Associa-
tion, Skokie, Illinois.
33. Kaar, P. H. and W. G. Corley, "Properties of Confined Concrete for Design of Earthquake
Resistant Structures," preprint from the January 1977 IAEE Sixth World Conference on
Earthquake Engineering, held in New Delhi, India.
34. Kaar, P. H., et aI., "Confined Concrete in Compression Zones of Structural Walls
Designed to Resist Lateral Loads due to Earthquakes," Proceedings of the ISESE, St. Louis,
Missouri, August 1976, Vol. II, pp. 1207-1218.
35. Kaar, P. H., et aI., "Earthquake Resistant Structural Walls--Concrete Confined by Rec-
tangular Hoops," Report to the National Science Foundation, Portland Cement Association,
Skokie, Illinois, November 1976.
101
36. Oesterle, R. G., A. E. Fiorato, and W. G. Corley, "Free Vibration Tests of Structural
Walls, preprint from the January 1977 lAEE Sixth World Conference on Earthquake
Engineering, held in New Delhi, India.
37. Oesterle, R. G., et al., "Earthquake Resistant Structural Walls--Tests of Isolated Walls,"
Report to the National Science Foundation, Portland Cement Association, Skokie, Illinois,
November 1976.
38. Salse, E. A. B. and M. Fintel, "Strength, Stiffness and DuctilIty Properties of Slender
Shear Walls," Proceedings of the Fifth World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Rome,
Italy, June 1973, lAEE.
39. Salse, E. A. B., S. K. Ghosh, and M. Fintel, "Flexural Properties of Slender Shear Wall
Cross Sections under Monotonic Loading," Proceedings of the U. S. National Conference on
Earthquake Engineering, Ann Arbor, Michigan, June 1975, pp. 287-296.
Rice University
2. Erdik, M. 0., "Torsional Effects in Dynamically Excited Structures," Ph.D. Diss., Rice
University, 1975; see also, Proceedings of the Fifth European Conference on Earthquake
Engineering, Istanbul, Turkey, 1975, Chapter 4, pp. 63-1 to 63-14.
Stanford University
3. Shah, H., et aI., "A Study of Seismic Risk for Nicaragua," John Blume Center Report, Part
1, January 1975; Part 2, March 1976.
I. Atalay, B. and J. Penzien, "The Seismic Behavior of Critical Regions of Reinforced Con-
crete Components as Influenced by Moment, Shear and Axial Force," Report No. EERC
75-19, Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, 1975
(PB Z58 842).
2. Bathe, K.-J., E. 1. Wilson, and F. E. Peterson, "SAP IV: A Structural Analysis Program
for Static and Dynamic Response of Linear Systems," Report No. EERC 73-11, Earthquake
Engineering Research 'Center, University of California, Berkeley, 1973 (PB 221 967).
3. Bertero, V. V., "Identification of Research Needs for Improving the Seismic Design of
Building Structures," Report No. EERC 75-27, Earthquake Engineering Research Center,
University of California, Berkeley, 1975 (PB 248 136).
4. Bertera, V. V. and R. G. Collins, "Investigation of the Failures of the Olive View Stair-
towers during the San Fernando Earthquake and Their Implications in Seismic Design,"
Report No. EERC 73-26, Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of Califor-
nia, Berkeley, 1973 (PB 235 106).
7. Bresler, B., et al., "Developing Methodologies for Evaluating the Earthquake Safety of
Existing Buildings," Report No. UCB/EERC-77/06, Earthquake Engineering Research
Center, University of California, Berkeley, 1977 (PB 267354).
8. Bresler, R. and V. Bertero, "Olive View Medical Center Material Studies, Phase I," Report
No. EERC 73-19, Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California,
Berkeley, 1973 (PB 235986).
9. Celebi, M. and J. Penzien, "Experimental Investigation into the Seismic Behavior of Criti-
cal Regions of Reinforced Concrete Components as Influenced by Moment and Shear,"
Report No. EERC 73-4, Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of Califor-
nia, Berkeley, 1973 (PB 215884).
12. Clough, R. W. and J. Gidwani, "Reinforced Concrete Frame 2: Seismic Testing and
Analytical Correlation," Report No. EERC 76-15, Earthquake Engineering Research
Center, University of California, Berkeley, 1976 (PB 261 323).
13. de Clercq, H. and G. H. Powell, "Analysis and Design of Tube-Type Building Structure -
Soil Interaction," Report No. EERC 76-5, Earthquake Engineering Research Center,
University of California, Berkeley, 1976 (PB 252 220).
14. Gutierrez, J. A. and A. K. Chopra, "A Substructure Method for Earthquake Analysis of
Structure-Soil Interaction," Report No. EERC 76-9, Earthquake Engineering Research
Center, University of California, Berkeley, 1976 (PB 257783).
17. Kanaan, A. and G. H. Powell, "General Purpose Computer Program for Inelastic Dynamic
Response of Plane Structures," Report No. EERC 73-6, Earthquake Engineering Research
Center, University of California, Berkeley, 1973 (PB 221 260).
20. Lee, L. H., V. V. Bertero, and E. P. Popov, "Testing Facility for Coupled Shear Walls,"
report in preparation, Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of Californip,
Berkeley,
21. Ma, S. M., E. P. Popov, and V. V. Bertero, "Experimental and Analytical Studies on the
Hysteretic Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Rectangular and T-Beams," Report No. EERC
76-2, Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, 1976
(PB 260 843).
22. Mahin, S. A. and V. V. Bertero, "An Evaluation of Some Methods for Predicting Seismic
Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Buildings," Report No. EERC 75-5, Earthquake
Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, 1975 (PB 246 306).
23. Mahin, S. A., et aI., "Rate of Loading Effects on Uncracked and Repaired Reinforced
Concrete Members," Report No. EERC 72-9, Earthquake Engineering Research Center,
University of California, Berkeley, 1972 (PB 224 520).
104
24. Mahil1, S. A., et aI., "Response of the Olive View Hospital Main Building during the San
Fernando Earthquake," Report No. EERC 76-22, Earthquake Engineering Research
Center, University of California, Berkeley, 1976.
25. Malik, L. E. and V. V. Bertero, "Contribution of a Floor System to the Dynamic Charac-
teristics of Reinforced Concrete Buildings," Report No. EERC 76-30, Earthquake
Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, 1976.
26. Mon<;lkar, D. P. and G. H. Powell, "ANSR-I General Purpose Computer Program for
Analysis of Non-Linear Structural Response," Report No. EERC 75-37, Earthquake
Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, 1975 (PB 252 386).
27. Mondkar, D. P. and G. H. Powell, "Static and Dynamic Analysis of Nonlinear Structures,"
Report No. EERC 75-10, Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of Califor-
nia, Berkeley, 1975 (PB 242 434).
28. Murakami, M. and J. Penzien, "Nonlinear Response Spectra for Probabilistic Seismic
Design and Damage Assessment of Reinforced Concrete Structures," Report No. EERC
75-38, Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, 1975
(PB 259 530).
29. Okada, T. and B. Bresler, "Strength and Ductility Evaluation of Existing Low-Rise Rein-
forced Concrete Buildings - Screening Method," Report No. EERC 76-1, Earthquake
Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, 1976 (PB 257 906).
30. Oliveira, C. 5., "Seismic Risk Analysis," Report No. EERC 74-1, Earthquake Engineering
Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, 1974 (PB 235 920).
31. Oliveira, C. S., "Seismic Risk Analysis for a Site and Metropolitan Area," Report No.
EERC 75-3, Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley,
1975 (PB 248 134).
32. Penzien, J., "Predicting the Performance of Structures in Regions of High Seismicity,"
Report No. EERC 75-33, Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of Califor-
nia, Berkeley, 1975 (PB 248130).
33. Powell, G. H. and D. G. Row, "Influence of Design and Analysis Assumptions on Com-
puted Inelastic Response of Moderately Tall Frames," Report No. EERC 76-11, Earthquake
Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, 1976.
34. Ray, D., K. S. Pister, and E. Polak, "Sensitivity Analysis for Hysteretic Dynamic Systems:
Theory and Applications," Report No. EERC 76-12, Earthquake Engineering Research
Center, University of California, Berkeley, 1976 (PB 262 859).
35. Srichatrapimuk, T., "Earthquake Response of Coupled Shear Wall Buildings," Report No.
EERC 76-27, Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berke-
ley, 1976 (PB 265157).
105
37. Walker, N. D. and K. S. Pister, "Study of Method of Feasible Directions for Optimal Elas-
tic Design of Framed Structures Subjected to Earthquake Loading," Report No. EERC 75-
39, Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, 1975
(PB 257 781).
38. Wang, T. Y., V. V. Bertero, and E. P. Popov, "Hysteretic Behavior of Reinforced Con-
crete Framed Walls," Report No. EERC 75-23, Earthquake Engineering Research Center,
University of California, Berkeley, 1975. .
40. "Earthquake Engineering at Berkeley - 1973," Report No. EERC 73-23, Earthquake
Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, 1973 (PB 226 033).
1. Bertero, V. V., et al., "Design Implications of Damages Observed in the Olive View Hos-
pital Medical Center Buildings," Proceedings of the Fiflh World Conference on Earthquake
Engineering, Rome, Italy, June 1973, lAEE.
4. Selna, 1. G., "Collapse Analysis of Multistory Buildings," preprint from the January 1977
1AEE Sixth World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, held in New Delhi, India, pp.
7-61 to 7-66.
10. Selna, 1. G., K. B. Marril, and O. K. Ersoy, "Earthquake Response Analysis of the Olive
View Hospital Psychiatric Day Clinic," International Journal of Earthquake Engineering and
Structural Dynamics, John Wiley and Sons, New York, Vol. 3, August 1974, pp. 15-32.
11. Selna, 1. G. and D. Salinas, "Dynamic Analysis of Automotive Structural Systems," Tran-
sactions of the Society ofAutomotive Engineers, Vol. 79, 1970, pp. 2521-2528.
University of Illinois
5. Darwin, D. and D. A. W. Pecknold, "Inelastic Model for Cyclic Biaxial Loading of Rein-
forced Concrete," Structural Research Series No. 409, University of Illinois, Urbana, July
1974.
9. der Kiureghian, A. and A. H. Ang, "A Line-Source Model for Seismic Risk Analysis,"
Structural Research Series No. 419, University of Illinois, Urbana, October 1975.
10. Lybas, J. and M. A. Sozen, "The Effect of Beam Strength and Stiffness on Dynamic
Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Coupled Walls," Structural Research Series No. 444,
University of Illinois, Urbana, September 1977.
12. Newmark, N. M., W. J. Hall, and J. R. Morgan, "Comparison of Building Response and
Free Field Motion in Earthquakes," in "Eight Papers Published in Proceedings of the Sixth
World Conference on Earthquake Engineering of the International Association for Earth-
quake Engineering at New Delhi, India," Structural Research Series No. 436, University of
Illinois, Urbana, January 1977.
13. Otani, S. and M. A. Sozen, "Behavior of Multistory Reinforced Concrete Frames during
Earthquakes," Structural Research Series No. 392, University of Illinois, Urbana, November
1972.
14. Otani, S., "Earthquake Tests of Shear Wall·Frame Structures to Failure," Proceedings of the
ASCE/EMD Specialty Conference on Dynamic Response of Structures: Instrumentation, Testing
Methods and System Identification, University of California, Los Angeles, March 1976.
15. Otani, S., "SAKE - A Computer Program for Inelastic Response of RIC Frames to Earth-
quakes," Structural Research Series No. 413, University of Illinois, Urbana, November
1974.
17. Portillo-Gallo, M., and A. H. Ang, "Evaluation of Safety of Reinforced Concrete Buildings
to Earthquakes," Structural Research Series No. 433, University of Illinois, Urbana, October
1976.
18. Robinson, A. R. and J. J. Johnson, "Wave Propagation in a Half Space due to an Interior
Point Load Parallel to the Surface," Structural Research Series No. 388, University of 11li-
nois, Urbana, July 1972 (AD 747 306).
108
19. Shibata, A. and M. Sozen, "The Substitute Structure Method for Earthquake-Resistant
Design of Reinforced Concrete Frames," Structural Research Series No. 412, University of
lllinois, Urbana, October 1974 (PB 245 318/AS).
20. Sozen, M. and J. Roesset, "Structural Damage Caused by the 1976 Guatemala Earth-
quake," Structural Research Series No. 426, University of Illinois, Urbana, March 1976 (PB
252350) .
21. Sozen, M. A. and S. R. Staffier, "Effects of Strain Rate on Yield Stress of Model Rein-
forcements," Structural Research Series No. 415, University of Illinois, Urbana, February
1975.
23. Wight, J. K. and M. A. Sozen, "Shear Strength Decay in Reinforced Concrete Columns
Subjected to Large Deflection Reversals," Structural Research Series No. 403, University of
lllinois, Urbana (PB 225 483I7G1).
University of Michigan
I. Kahn, L. T., "Reinforced Concrete Infilled Shear Walls for Aseismic Strengthening,"
Ph.D. Diss., University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 1976 (supervised by R. Hanson).
2. Lee, D., "Original and Repaired RIC Beam-Column Subassemblages Subjected to Earth-
quake Type of Loading," University of Michigan Earthquake Engineering Report 76-R4,
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 1976.
1. Abad de Aleman, M., D. F. Meinheit, and J. O. Jirsa, "Influence of Lateral Beams on the
Behavior of Beam-Column Joints," preprint from the January 1977 IAEE Sixth World
Conference on Earthquake Engineering, held in New Delhi, India.
2. Gosain, N. K., R. H. Brown, and J. O. Jirsa, "Shear Requirements for Load Reversal on
R.C. Members," Journal of the Structural Division, ASCE, July 1977, pp. 1461-1476.
4. Jirsa, J. 0., "Factors Influencing the Hinging Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Members
under Cyclic Overloads," Proceedings of the Fifth World Conference on Earthquake Engineer-
ing, Rome, Italy, June 1973, IAEE.
5. Jirsa, J. 0., "Factors Influencing the Shear Strength of Beam Column Joints," Proceedings
of the U. S. National Conference on Earthquake Engineering," Ann Arbor, Michigan, 1975.
University of Washington
1. Aminian, K., "Effect of Cyclic Loading on Bond Deterioration of No.6 Reinforcing Bars,"
M. S. Thesis, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, June
1977.
2. Chen, S. T., "Nonlinear Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Flat Slab Structures under Cyclic
Lateral Loading," Ph.D. Diss., Department of Civil Engineering, University of Washing-
ton, Seattle, August 1976, 217 p.
4. Elias, Z. M. and S. T. Chen, "Equivalent Frame Analyses for Lateral Loadings of Rein-
forced Concrete Flat Plate Structures," in "Seismic Resistance of Concrete Slab-to-Column
and Wall Connections," Progress Report, Department of Civil Engineering, University of
Washington, Seattle, 1973-74, Part 3,39 p.
5. Elias, Z. M. and S. T. Chen, "Equivalent Frame Analysis for Lateral Loadings of Rein-
forced Concrete Flat Slab Structures," Structures and Mechanics Report SM 76-1, Depart-
ment of Civil Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, January 1976, 74 p.
6. Gonen, B. and N. M. Hawkins, "Building Standards and the Earthquake Hazard for the
Puget Sound Basin," Structures and Mechanics Report SM 74-1, Department of Civil
Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, 145 p.
110
11. Hawkins, N. M., "Analytical and Experimental Studies of Prestressed and Precast Con-
crete Elements," preprint from the Workshop on Earthquake-Resistant Reinforced Con-
crete Building Construction, held at the University of California, Berkeley, July 1977.
12. Hawkins, N. M., "Development Length Requirements for Reinforcing Bars under Seismic
Conditions," preprint from the Workshop on Earthquake-Resistant Reinforced Concrete
Building Construction, held at the University of California, Berkeley, July 1977.
13. Hawkins, N. M., "Seismic Response Constraints for Slabs," preprint from the Workshop
on Earthquake-Resistant Reinforced Concrete Building Construction, held at the Univer-
sity of California, Berkeley, July 1977.
14. Hawkins, N. M., "Shear Problems in Slabs," Preprint 2502, National Structural Engineer-
ing Convention, New Orleans, Louisiana, April 1975, ASCE.
15. Hawkins, N. M. and R. S. Crosson, "Causes, Characteristics and Effects of Puget Sound
Earthquakes," Proceedings of the U. S. National Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Ann
Arbor, Michigan, June 1975, pp. 104-112.
16. Hawkins, N. M., A. S. Kobayashi, and M. E. Fournoy, "Reversed Cyclic Loading Bond
Deterioration Tests," Structures and Mechanics Report SM 75-5, Department of Civil
Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, November 1975.
17. Hawkins, N. M., A. S, Kobayashi, and M. E. Fournoy, "Use of Acoustic Emission and
Holographic Techniques to Detect Debonding in Cyclically Loaded Concrete Structures,"
Proceedings of the ASCE/EMD Specialty Conference on Dynamic Response of Structures:
Instrumentation, Testing Methods and System identification, University of California, Los
Angeles, March 1976.
19. Hawkins, N. M. and D. Mitchell, "Progressive Collapse of Flat Plate Structures," paper
presented at the Symposium on Progressive Collapse, ACl, 1976.
20. Hawkins, N. M. and D. Mitchell, Eds., "Reinforced Concrete in Seismic Zones - Introduc-
tion," Reinforced Concrete Structures in Seismic Zones, Special Publication SP-53, ACI,
Detroit, Michigan, 1977.
21. Hawkins, N. M., D. Mitchell, and S. N. Hanna, "The Beneficial Effects of Shear Rein-
forcement on the Seismic Behavior of Flat Plate Structures," Proceedings of the Second
Canadian Conference on Earthquake Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario,
Canada, June 1975, pp. 16-1 to 16-27.
22. Hawkins, N. M., D. Mitchell, and S. N. Hanna, "The Effects of Shear Reinforcement on
the Reversed Cyclic Loading Behavior of Flat Plate Structures," Canadian Journal of Civil
Engineering, Vol. 2, December 1975, pp. 572-582.
23. Hawkins, N. M., D. Mitchell, and M. S. Sheu, "Cyclic Behavior of Six Reinforced Con-
crete Slab-Column Specimens Transferring Moment and Shear," in "Seismic Resistance of
Concrete Slab-to-Column and Wall Connections," Progress Report, Department of Civil
Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, 1973-74, Part 2, 149 p.
24. Hawkins, N. M., D. Mitchell, and M. S. Sheu, "Reversed Cyclic Loading Behavior of
Reinforced Concrete Slab-Column Connections," Proceedings of the U. S. National Confer-
ence on Earthquake Engineering, Ann Arbor, Michigan, June 1975, pp. 306-315.
28. Holdsworth, G. H., "A Computerized Data Acquisition and Reduction System for Struc-
tural Testing," M.S. Thesis, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Washington,
Seattle, March 1975, 179 p.
29. Mattock, A. H., "Design Proposals for Reinforced Concrete Corbels," Journal of the Pres-
tressed Concrete Institute, PCI, Vol. 21, No.3, May/June 1976, pp. 18-42.
30. Mattock, A. H., "Effect of Aggregate Type on Single Direction Shear Transfer Strength in
Monolithic Concrete," Structures and Mechanics Report SM 74-2, Department of Civil
Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, August 1974.
----------------- - - - --------.....
112
31. Mattock, A. H., "Effect of Moment and Tension Across the Shear Plane on Single Direc-
tion Shear Transfer Strength in Monolithic Concrete," Structures and Mechanics Report SM
74-3, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, October 1974.
32. Mattock, A. H., "Shear Transfer Behavior of Cracked Monolithic Concrete Subject to
Cyclically Reversing Shear," Structures and Mechanics Report SM 74-4, Department of Civil
Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, November 1974.
33. Mattock, A. H., "Shear Transfer under Cyclically Reversing Loading, Across an Interface
between Concretes Cast at Different Times," Structures and Mechanics Report SM 77-1,
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, June 1977.
34. Mattock, A. H., "Shear Transfer under Monotonic Loading, Across an Interface between
Concretes Cast at Different Times," Structures and Mechanics Report SM 76-3, Department
of Civil Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, September 1976.
35. Mattock, A. H., K. C. Chen, and K. Soongswang, "The Behavior of Reinforced Concrete
Corbels," Journal of the Prestressed Concrete Institute, PC1, Vol. 21, No.2, March/April
1976, pp. 52-77.
36. Mattock, A. H., L. P. Johal, and C. H. Chow, "Shear Transfer in Reinforced Concrete
with Moment or Tension Acting Across the Shear Plane," Journal of the Prestressed Con-
crete Institute, PCI, Vol. 20, No.4, July/August 1975.
37. Mattock, A. H., W. K. Li, and T. C. Wang, "Shear Transfer in Lightweight Reinforced
Concrete," Journal of the Prestressed Concrete Institute, PCI, Vol. 21, No.1,
January/February 1976, pp. 20-39.
38. Sheu, M. S., "A Grid Model for Prediction of the Monotonic and Hysteretic Behavior of
Reinforced Concrete Slab-Column Connections Transferring Moments," Ph.D. Diss.,
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, December 1975, 137
p.
39. Simpson, E. G., D. W. Symonds, and N. M. Hawkins, "The Effect of Column Properties
on the Behavior of Slab-Column Connections Transferring Reversed Moments," Structures
and Mechanics Report SM 76-3, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Washing-
ton, Seattle, October 1976, 207 p.
42. Yamazaki, J. and N. M. Hawkins, "Finite Element Plate Bending Analysis up to Collapse
of Reinforced Concrete Slabs of Slab-Column Specimens Transferring Moments," in
"Seismic Resistance of Concrete Slab-to-Column and Wall Connections," Progress Report,
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, 1973-74, Part 4.
113
43. Yamazaki, J. and N. M. Hawkins, "Shear and Moment Transfer Between Reinforced Con-
crete Flat Plates and Columns," Structures and Mechanics Report SM 75-2, Department of
Civil Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, September 1975, 262 p.
1. Blume, J. A., "Allowable Stresses and Earthquake Performance," preprint from the Janu-
ary 1977 IAEE Sixth World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, held in New Delhi,
India.
2. Blume, J. A., "Building Columns under Strong Earthquake Exposure," Journal of the Struc-
tural Division, ASCE, Vol. 97, No. ST9, September 1971.
5. Blume, J. A., "The Motion and Damping of Buildings Relative to Seismic Response Spec-
tra," Bulletin of the Seismological Society ofAmerica, Vol. 60, No. I, February 1970.
6. Blume, J. A., "A Reserve Energy Technique for the Design and Rating of Structures in
the Inelastic Range," Proceedings of the Second World Conference on Earthquake Engineer-
ing, Tokyo, Japan, 1960.
114
12. Chen, C.K., R. M. Czarnecki, and R. E. Scholl, "Destructive Vibration Test of a 4-Story
Concrete Structure," Proceedings of the Douglas McHenry International Symposium on Con-
crete and Concrete Structures, Mexico City, Mexico, October 1976.
13. Chen, C. K., R. M. Czarnecki, and R. E. Scholl, "Vibration Tests of a 4-Story Concrete
Structure," preprint from the January 1977 lAEE Sixth World Conference on Earthquake
Engineering, held in New Delhi, India.
14. Chen, C. K., R. M. Czarnecki, and R. E. Scholl, "Vibration Tests of a 4-Story Reinforced
Concrete Test Structure," JAB-99-1l9, John A. Blume & Associates Research Division,
San Francisco, California, January 1976.
15. Czarnecki, R. M., S. A. Freeman, and R. E. Scholl, "Destructive Test of a 4-Story Con-
crete Structure," Proceedings of the Fifth European Conference on Earthquake Engineering,
Istanbul, Turkey, September 1975.
16. Freeman, S. A., "Comparison of Results of Dynamic Seismic Analyses of Two Identical
Structures Located on Two Different Sites, Based on Site Seismograms from the San Fer-
nando Earthquake," Proceedings of the 41st Annual Convention of the SEAOC, Monterey,
California, October 1972.
17. Freeman, S. A., "Concrete Test Structures: Second Progress Report on Structural
Response," JAB-99-50, John A. Blume & Associates Research Division, San Francisco,
California, July 1971.
18. Freeman, S. A., "Fourth Progress Report on Tests of Wall Panels," JAB-99-55, John A.
Blume & Associates Research Division, San Francisco, California, September 1974.
19. Freeman, S. A., "Prediction of Response of Concrete Buildings to Ground Motion at Vari-
ous Stages of Construction," Proceedings of the Douglas McHenry International Symposium
on Concrete and Concrete Structures, Mexico City, Mexico, October 1976.
20. Freeman, S. A., "Racking Tests of High·Rise Building Partitions," to be published in the
Journal of the Structural Division, ASCE, Vol. 103, No. ST8, August 1977.
21. Freeman, S. A., "Testing Wall Panels for Earthquake Response," Proceedings of the
ASCE/EMD Specialty Conference on Dynamic Response of Structures: Instrumentation, Test-
ing Methods and Systems Identification, University of California, Los Angeles, March 1976.
22. Freeman, S. A., "Third Progress Report on Racking Tests of Wall Panels," JAB-99-54,
John A. Blume & Associates Research Division, San Francisco, California, November
1971.
24. Freeman, S. A. and K. K. Honda, "Response of Two Identical 7-Story Structures to the
San Fernando Earthquake of February 9, 1971," JAB-99-98, John A. Blume & Associates
Research Division, San Francisco, California, October 1973.
25. Honda, K. K., "Measurements and Evaluation of Building Response to Ground Motion at
Various Stages of Construction," Proceedings of the National Structural Engineering Confer-
ence, ASCE Specialty Conference, University of Wisconsin, Madison, August 1976.
26. Honda, K. K., "Measurements and Evaluation of High-Rise Building Response to Ground
Motion Generated by Underground Nuclear Explosions," Proceedings of the ASCE/EMD
Specialty Conference on Dynamic Response of Structures: Instrumentation, Testing Methods
and System Identification, University of California, Los Angeles, March 1976.
27. Kost, E. G., "Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis of Frames' with Filler Panels," JAB-99-IOO,
John A. Blume & Associates Research Division, San Francisco, California, November
1972.
28. Murphy, 1. M., Scientific Coordinator, "San Fernando, California, Earthquake of February
9, 1971," Effects on Building Structures, Vol. I, U. S. Department of Commerce, National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Washington, D. c., 1973.
29. Ragget, J. D., "Influence of Nonstructural Partitions on the Dynamic Response Charac-
teristics of Structures," JAB-99-94, John A. Blume & Associates Research Division, San
Francisco, California, July 1972.
30. John A. Blume & Associates Research Division, "Concrete Test Structures: First Progress
Report on Structural Response," NVO-22-29, San Francisco, California, March 1968.
31. URS/John A. Blume & Associates Research Division, "Effects Prediction Guidelines for
Structures Subjected to Ground Motion," JAB-99-115, San Francisco, California, July
1975.
32. John A. Blume & Associates Research Division, "First Progress Report on Racking Tests
of Wall Panels," NVO-99-15, San Francisco, California, August 1966.
33. John A. Blume & Associates Research Division, "Second Progress Report on Racking
Tests of Wall Panels," JAB-99-35. San Francisco, California, July 1968.
1. Galambos, T., "Full Scale Tests on Eleven-Story Buildings in the Pruit-Igoek Housing
Project of St. Louis."
I
Ilfo~~~k,
\ '\
\
\
\\.:..... l..l
"
" ,{
#'
\ i
'J
I
/I '\
l\
\
\ .\'
'\),\"
"\,