MENSURATION

CHAPTER 10
•Perimeter: Perimeter is the
distance covered along the
boundary forming a closed figure
when you go round the figure
once.

perimeter of a rectangle = 2* (l + b)
perimeter of a square = 4 * s
 Perimeter of regular figures

Regular 3 sided figure = regular triangle = equilateral triangle

Regular 4 sided figure = square
Regular 5 sided figure = Regular pentagon
Regular 6 sided figure = Regular Hexagon
Regular 7 sided figure = Regular Heptagon
Regular 8 sided figure = Regular Octagon
Regular 9 sided figure = Regular Nanogan
Regular 10 sided figure = Regular decagon

Brain Teaser

The side of a regular Heptagon is 10 cm . Find the perimeter?

Ans: Perimeter = 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 = 7 * 10 = 70 cm
 Find the perimeter of
1. Regular triangle of side 22 cm
2. Regular octagon of side 40 cm
3. Regular decagon of side 30 cm

Ans:
1. regular triangle = 3 sides = 3 * 22 = 66cm
2. Regular octagon = 8 sides = 8 * 40 = 320 cm
3. Regular Decagon = 10 sides = 10 * 30 = 300 cm
TRY THESE, PAGE 206

3. Meera went to a park 150 m long and 80 m wide. She took one
complete round on its boundary. What is the distance covered by her?

Ans: Length of the rectangular park = 150 m

Breadth of the rectangular park = 80 m
Perimeter of the rectangular park = 2 (150 + 80) = 2 * 230 = 460 m

H.W.

DO EXAMPLE 6, 7, 8 & 9 IN NOTE BOOK

2. The lid of a rectangular box of sides 40 cm by 10 cm is sealed all round with tape.
What is the length of the tape required?

Ans: length of the rectangular box = 40 cm

breadthof the rectangular box = 10 cm

perimeter of a rectangle = 2* (l + b) = 2 * ( 40 + 10) = 2 * 50 = 100cm

3. A table-top measures 2 m 25 cm by 1 m 50 cm. What is the perimeter of the

table-top?
Ans: Length of the rectangular table = 2m 25 cm = 2 x 100 + 25 = 200 + 25 = 225 cm
Breadth of the rectangular table = 1 m 50 cm = 1 x100 + 50 = 100 + 50 = 150 cm

Perimeter of a rectangle = 2* (l + b) = 2 ( 225 + 150 ) = 2 * 375 = 750 cm

4. What is the length of the wooden strip required to frame a photograph of
length and breadth 32 cm and 21 cm respectively?

Ans: Length of the rectangular frame = 32 cm

Breadth of the rectangular frame = 21 cm

Perimeter of the rectangular frame = 2 x (l + b) = 2 x(32 + 21) = 2x53 = 106 cm

5. A rectangular piece of land measures 0.7 km by 0.5 km. Each side is to be

fenced with 4 rows of wires. What is the length of the wire needed?

Ans: Length of the rectangular land = 0.7 km

Breadth of the rectangular land = 0.5 km

Perimeter of the rectangular land = 2 x (l + b) = 2 x ( 0.7 + 0.5) = 2 x 1.2 = 2.4 km

The Length of wire needed to fence 4 rows = 4 x perimeter = 4 x 2.4 = 9.6 km

6. Find the perimeter of each of the following shapes :
(a) A triangle of sides 3 cm, 4 cm and 5 cm.
(b) An equilateral triangle of side 9 cm.
(c) An isosceles triangle with equal sides 8 cm each and third side 6 cm.

Ans:
a) Perimeter of the triangle = 3cm + 4cm + 5cm = 12cm
b) Perimeter of an equilateral triangle = 3 x side = 3 x 9 = 27 cm
c) Perimeter of an isosceles triangle = 8 cm + 8cm + 6cm = 22cm

7. Find the perimeter of a triangle with sides measuring 10 cm, 14 cm and 15 cm.
Perimeter of the triangle = 10 cm + 14 cm + 15 cm = 39 cm

8. Find the perimeter of a regular hexagon with each side measuring 8 m.

Perimeter of regular hexagon = 6 x side = 6 x 8m = 48m
9. Find the side of the square whose perimeter is 20 m.
Perimeter = 20 m
4 x side = 20 m
S = 20 / 4 = 5 m

10. The perimeter of a regular pentagon is 100 cm. How long is its each side?
Perimeter = 100 cm
5 x side = 100 cm
S = 100 / 5 = 20 cm
11. A piece of string is 30 cm long. What will be the length of each side if the string is
used to form : (a) a square? (b) an equilateral triangle? (c) a regular hexagon?
Perimeter of square = 30 cm
4 x side = 30 cm
Side = 30 / 4 = 7.5 cm

Perimeter of equilateral triangle = 30 cm

3 x side = 30 cm
Side = 30 / 3 = 10 cm

Perimeter of regular hexagon = 30 cm

6 x side = 30 cm
Side = 30 / 6 = 5cm
12. Two sides of a triangle are 12 cm and 14 cm. The perimeter of the triangle is
36 cm. What is its third side?
Perimeter of triangle = side + side + side
side + side + side = perimeter of triangle
12cm + 14cm +side = 36cm
26cm + side = 36cm => side = 36 – 26 = 10 cm
Side = 10 cm
13. Find the cost of fencing a square park of side 250 m at the rate of Rs.20 per metre.

Ans:
Side of the square park = 250 m
perimeter of square = 4 x side = 4 x 250 = 1000 m
The cost of fencing the park at Rs 20 per meter = Rs 20 x 1000 m = 20,000 Rs

14. Find the cost of fencing a rectangular park of length 175 m and breadth 125 m at the
rate of Rs.12 per meter.
Ans:
Length of the rectangular park = 175 m
Breadth of the rectangular park = 125 m
perimeter of the rectangular park = 2x(l + b) = 2x(175 +125 ) = 2 x 300 = 600m
The cost of fencing the park = Rs 12 x 600 = 7200 Rs.
15. Sweety runs around a square park of side 75 m. Bulbul runs around a
rectangular park with length 60 m and breadth 45 m. Who covers less distance?

Ans:
Side of the square park = 75 m
Perimeter of square park = 4 x side = 4 x 75 = 300 m

Length & breadth of the rectangular park = 60m & 45 m

Perimeter of the rectangular park = 2 x (l + b) = 2 x (60 + 45 ) = 2 x 105 = 210 m

Therefore, Bulbul covers less distance

 AREA
AREA OF RECTANGLE = LENGTH X BREADTH
AREA OF SQUARE = SIDE X SIDE

EXERCISE 10.3
1. Find the areas of the rectangles whose sides are :
(a) 3 cm and 4 cm
Ans: Area = length x breadth = 3cm x 4cm = 12cm²

(b) 12 m and 21 m : Area = length x breadth = 12 m x 21 m = 252 m²

(c) 2 km and 3 km: Area = length x breadth = 2 km x 3 km = 6 km²

(d) 2 m and 70 cm
Ans: Area = length x breadth = 2m x 70 cm = 2 x 100 cm x 70 cm = 200 cm x 70 cm = 14,000 cm²

2. Find the areas of the squares whose sides are :

(a) 10 cm
Ans: Area of Square = side x side = 10cm x 10 cm = 100 cm²
(b) 14 cm
Ans: Area of square = side x side = 14cm x 14cm = 196 cm²
c) 5 m = Area of square= side x side = 5m x 5m = 25 m²
 3. The length and breadth of three rectangles are as given below :
(a) 9 m and 6 m :Area = length x breadth = 9m x 6m = 54 sq m
(b) (b) 17 m and 3 m: Area = length x breadth = 17m x 3m = 51 sq m
(c) (c) 4 m and 14 m: Area = length x breadth = 4 x 14 = 56 sq m

Which one has the largest area and which one has the smallest?
Largest area – c = 56 sq m
Smallest area – b = 51 sq m

4. The area of a rectangular garden 50 m long is 300 sq m. Find the width of the garden.
Ans:
Area of the rectangular garden = 300 sq m
Length x breadth = 300 sq m
50 m x breadth = 300
Breadth = 300 / 50 = 6 m
 

h.w. = Example 13, 14, 15, 16 & 17 pg:218 & 219

 

7. A room is 4 m long and 3 m 50 cm wide. How many square metres of carpet is needed to cover the floor of
the room?
 
8. A floor is 5 m long and 4 m wide. A square carpet of sides 3 m is laid on the floor.
Find the area of the floor that is not carpeted.

Ans:
Area of the floor = area of rectangle
= length x breadth
= 5m x 4m = 20 sq m

Area of the carpet = area of square

= side x side
= 3m x 3m = 9 sq m

The area of the floor that is not carpeted = Area of the floor - Area of the carpet

= 20 sq m - 9 sq m = 11 sq m
9. Five square flower beds each of sides 1 m are dug on a piece of land 5 m long and 4 m wide.
What is the area of the remaining part of the land?

Ans:
Area of the 1 flower bed = area of square
= side x side = 1m x 1m = 1 sq m

Area of 5 flower beds = 5 x 1 sq m = 5 sq m

Area of the land = area of rectangle

= length x breadth = 5m x 4m = 20 sq m

Area of the remaining part of land = Area of the land - Area of 5 flower beds
= 20 sq m – 5 sq m = 15 sq m
12. How many tiles whose length and breadth are 12 cm and 5 cm respectively will
be needed to fit in a rectangular region whose length and breadth are respectively:
(a) 100 cm and 144 cm (b) 70 cm and 36 cm.