PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2

WEEK 5
Quarter 2–Module 20
Presents Written Research Methodology
Lesson
Presents Written Research Methodology
20
Research methodology is the path through which researchers need to conduct their
research. It shows the path through which these researchers formulate their problem and
objective and present their result from the data obtained during the study period. This
research design and methodology also shows how the research outcome at the end will be
obtained in line with meeting the objective of the study. This module hence discusses the
research methods that were used during the research process. It includes the research
methodology of the study from the research strategy to the result dissemination.

WHAT’S IN

Think of FIVE (5) most important words that is related to quantitative research designs. Write
an explanation for each term.

# WORD/TERM MY IDEAS ABOUT THIS WORD/TERM

WHAT’S NEW
“Know Me More; Research More!”
Write an essay about the importance to have a written research methodology. Use 2-3
paragraphs.

WHAT IS IT
Quantitative Data are pieces of information or facts known by people in this world
appearing measurable, numerical, and related to a metrical system. These data result from
sensory experiences whose descriptive qualities such as age, shape, speed, amount,
weight, height, number, positions, and the like are measurable. Denoting quantity, these
words appear in records in numerical forms that are either discrete (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6...) or
continuum (amount of flour...).

Techniques in Research Methodology

1. Observation
Using your sense organs, you gather facts or information about people, things, places,
events, and so on, by watching and listening to them; then, record the results of the
functioning of your eyes and ears. Expressing these sensory experiences to quantitative
data, you record them with the use of numbers.
 Seeing, touching, and hearing the sources of data personally, you engage yourself in
direct observation.
It is an indirect observation, if you see and hear them, not through your own eyes and ears,
but by means of technological and electronic gadgets like audiotapes, video records, and
other recording devices used to capture earlier events, images, or sounds.
2. Survey
 It is a data-gathering technique that makes you obtain facts or information about the
subject or object of your research through the data-gathering instruments of
interview and questionnaire.
A. Questionnaire
 Is a paper containing series of questions formulated for an individual and
independent answering by several respondents for obtaining statistical information.
 Each question offers a number of probable answers from which the respondents, on
the basis or their own judgment, will choose the best answer.
 Making up a questionnaire are factual and opinionated questions.
 Questions to elicit factual answers are formulated in a multiple-choice type and those
to ask about the respondents’ views, attitudes, preferences, and other opinionated
answers are provided with sufficient space where the respondents could write their
sentential answers to opinionated questions.
 Responses yielded by this instrument are given their numerical forms (numbers,
fractions, percentages) and categories and are subjected to statistical analysis.
 Questionnaire is good for collecting data from a big number of respondents situated
in different places because all you have to do is either to hand the paper to the
respondents or to send it to them through postal or electronic mail.
B. Interview
 Survey as a data-gathering technique likewise uses interview as its data-gathering
instrument. You ask a set of questions orally
 With the advent of modern technology, oral interviews happen through the use of
modern electronic devices such as mobile phones, telephones, smart phones, and
other wireless devices.
Guidelines in Formulating Interview Questions

1. 1.Use clear and simple language.

2. Avoid using acronyms, abbreviations, jargons, and highfalutin terms.
3. Let one question elicit only one answer; no double-barrel question.
4. Express your point in exact, specific, bias-free, and gender-free language.
5. 5.Give way to how your respondents want themselves to be identified.
6. Establish continuity or free flow of the respondents’ thoughts by using appropriate
follow-up questions (e.g., Could you give an example of it? Would you mind narrating
what happened next?).
7. Ask questions in a sequential manner; determine which should be your opening,
middle, or closing questions.

3. Experiment
It is a scientific method of collecting data whereby you give the subjects a sort of treatment
or condition then evaluate the results to find out the manner by which the treatment affected
the subjects and to discover the reasons behind the effects of such treatment on the
subjects.
This quantitative data-gathering technique aims at manipulating or controlling conditions to
show which condition or treatment has effects on the subjects and to determine how much
condition or treatment operates or functions to yield a certain outcome.
The process of collecting data involves selection of subjects or participants, pre-testing the
subjects prior to the application of any treatment or condition, and giving the subjects post-
test to determine the effects of the treatment on them
Dealing with or treating their communicative abilities in two or more modes of communication
is giving them multiple treatments.
The basic elements of experiment which are subjects, pre-test, treatment, and post-test do
not operate only for examining causal relationships but also for discovering, verifying, and
illustrating theories, hypotheses, or facts. (Edmonds 2013; Morgan 2014; Picardie 2014)
4.Content Analysis
It is another quantitative data-collection technique that makes you search through several
oral or written forms of communication to find answers to your research questions.
How to write a research Methodology?
 The type of research you did
 How you collected your data
 How you analyzed your data
 Any tools or materials you send in the research
 Your rationale for choosing these methods
1. Explain your methodological approach
2. Describe your methods of data collection
3. Describe your methods of analysis
4. Evaluate and justify your methodological choice
Example of Research Methodology
Guide Question:

Which among the research method in quantitative research is mostly used by the
researchers? Defend your answer in 2-3 sentences.

WHAT’S MORE

Independent Activity 1
Starting it “Write”!
Instruction: Write down your research topic and research methodology.

Topic:
_________________________________________________________________
Research Methodology:
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________

Independent Assessment 1
Leading Me to the Journey of Researching!

Before starting the research methodology, answer the following questions.

1. What are the techniques in research methodology related to your topic?

2. What are the guidelines in formulating a research questions?
3. How to write a research methodology?
Independent Activity 2

Noting My Notes!”

Below is a template of a note card. Record your relevant information on your study.

1. Details about the work (Title, author, year of publication, etc.)

Topic:

Introduction:

Population and Sample:

Research Design:

Justification:
Independent Assessment 2

.Directions: Write T if you think the statement is correct and F if you think the
statement is false.

Statement True or False

It is an indirect observation, if you see and hear them, not through your own
eyes and ears, but by means of technological and electronic gadgets like
audiotapes, video records, and other recording devices used to capture
earlier events, images, or sounds.

Expressing these sensory experiences to quantitative data, you record them

with the use of numbers.

Interview is a paper containing series of questions formulated for an

individual and independent answering by several respondents for obtaining
statistical information

Survey is a data-gathering technique that makes you obtain facts or

information about the subject or object of your research through the data-
gathering instruments of interview and questionnaire.

Dealing with or treating their communicative abilities in two or more modes

of communication is giving them multiple treatments.

Independent Activity 3
Present written research methodology using the following format and choose one (1) topic:
1. COVID 19 Pandemic
2. Anti-terrorism Bill

Chapter 3:Research Methodology Description/Data

Title

Introduction

Population and Sample

Research Design
WHAT I HAVE LEARNED
Reflect on what you have learned after taking up this lesson by completing the
chart below in 2-3 sentences
I thought…
What were your thoughts or
ideas about research
methodology?

What new or additional I learned that…

ideas did you learn after
taking up this lesson?

How did you apply the

things you have learned I applied that…..
about research
methodology?
ASSESSMENT
Directions:
Read each item carefully, choose the letter of the correct answer and write your answers on your
notebook.
1. This is a technique in research methodology that a researcher engage in seeing, touching and
hearing the sources of data personally.
A. Direct observation C. Observation
B. Indirect observation D. Survey
2. It is a data gathering technique that makes a researcher obtain facts or information about the
subject or object of the research through the data gathering instruments of interview and
questionnaire.
A. Experiment C. Indirect observation
B. Direct observation D. Survey
3. It is a paper containing series of questions formulated for an individual and independent answering
by several respondents for obtaining statistical information.
A. Experiment C. Questionnaire
B. Observation D. Survey
4. It is a scientific method of collecting data whereby you give the subjects a sort of treatment or
condition then evaluate the results to find out the manner by which the treatment affected the
subjects and to discover the reasons behind the effects of such treatment on the subjects.
A. Experiment C. Questionnaire
B. Observation D. Survey
5. Which of the statement is NOT correct?
A. Use clear and simple language.
B. Let one question elicit only one answer; no double-barrel question.
C. Express your point in exact, specific, bias-free, and gender-free language.
D. Avoid continuity of the respondents’ thoughts by using appropriate follow up questions.
6. This is another quantitative data collection technique that makes research through several oral or
written forms of communication to find answers to the research questions.
A. Content Analysis C. Experiment
B. Direct Observation D. Survey
7. How to write a research methodology?
A. Explain, describe and evaluate the methodological approach, analysis and methodological
choices
B. Avoid using acronyms, abbreviations, jargons, and highfalutin terms.
C. Give way to how your respondents want themselves to be identified.
D. Ask questions in sequential manner.
8. Which of the statement is correct?
A. Describe the methods of analysis
B. All materials or tools is needed
C. Collect all data anywhere
D. Analyze the data directly
9. What are the guidelines in formulating Interview questions?
A. Express your point in exact, specific, bias free and gender free language
B. Use acronyms, abbreviations, jargons and highfalutin terms.
C. Use double languages
D. Allow double barrel question
10. This quantitative data-gathering technique aims at manipulating or controlling conditions to show
which condition or treatment has effects on the subjects and to determine how much condition or
treatment operates or functions to yield a certain outcome.
A. Experiment C. Interview
B. Direct observation D. Survey