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    Engine Simulation With Piston and Valve Action in Openfoam

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    Angel Zanotti
    This document summarizes a tutorial on simulating engine dynamics in OpenFOAM. It discusses using the engineTopoChangerMesh class to generate engine meshes without pre-processing by modifying topology at each time step. It also covers setting up the mesh motion boundary conditions, initializing dictionaries for the engineDyMFoam solver, and postprocessing simulations of piston and valve motion over one engine cycle.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Engine Simulation With Piston and Valve Action in Openfoam

    Uploaded by

    Angel Zanotti
    138 views21 pages
    This document summarizes a tutorial on simulating engine dynamics in OpenFOAM. It discusses using the engineTopoChangerMesh class to generate engine meshes without pre-processing by modifying topology at each time step. It also covers setting up the mesh motion boundary conditions, initializing dictionaries for the engineDyMFoam solver, and postprocessing simulations of piston and valve motion over one engine cycle.

    Original Description:

    CFD engine and OpenFoam

    Original Title

    slidesEngineTutorialZagreb2007

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    This document summarizes a tutorial on simulating engine dynamics in OpenFOAM. It discusses using the engineTopoChangerMesh class to generate engine meshes without pre-processing by modifying topology at each time step. It also covers setting up the mesh motion boundary conditions, initializing dictionaries for the engineDyMFoam solver, and postprocessing simulations of piston and valve motion over one engine cycle.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    138 views21 pages

    Engine Simulation With Piston and Valve Action in Openfoam

    Uploaded by

    Angel Zanotti
    This document summarizes a tutorial on simulating engine dynamics in OpenFOAM. It discusses using the engineTopoChangerMesh class to generate engine meshes without pre-processing by modifying topology at each time step. It also covers setting up the mesh motion boundary conditions, initializing dictionaries for the engineDyMFoam solver, and postprocessing simulations of piston and valve motion over one engine cycle.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 21

    Engine Simulation with

    Piston and Valve Action


    in OpenFOAM

    T. Lucchini
    Department of Energetics, Politecnico di Milano, Italy

    [email protected]
    TOPICS
    • MESH MOTION WITH TOPOLOGICAL CHANGES
    • engineTopoChangerMesh
    • CASE SETUP
     Mesh generation;
     Setting the motion boundary conditions;
     Dictionaries;
     Definition of the face zones;
     Definition of the mesh modifiers;
     Moving the mesh from -180 to 180 CAD;
    • RUNNING THE CASE
     Initial conditions;
     Control parameters;
     Dictionaries;
     engineDyMFoam
    • POSTPROCESSING THE CASE
    MESH MOTION WITH TOPOLOGICAL CHANGES

    • No pre-processing. Mesh motion integrated in the


    solver, at any time step:
     Grid points moved;
     Mesh topology eventually changed;
    • Multiple-region decomposition: in each region, mesh
    motion is accommodated in different ways;
    • Combined use of different topological changes;
    • Polyhedral vertex based motion solver for mesh
    deformation based on Finite Element Method (FEM);
    engineTopoChangerMesh

    • State of art: OpenFOAM can be used to simulate I.C. engines;

    • Engine meshes are derived by the engineTopoChanger mesh


    class:

     NO PRE-PROCESSING
     layerAR: compression-combustion (diesel or SI);
     twoStroke: two stroke engines with scavenging ports;
     verticalValves: four stroke engines with vertical valves;

     PRE-PROCESSING + FIELD MAPPING (standard approach)


     layeringDeformation: dynamic layering on the piston
    surface, deformation around the valves with automatic
    mesh motion. It can be used for any kind of I.C. engine;
    STANDARD APPROACH

    • List of target meshes (from 10 to 50 meshes for a full cycle


    simulation);
    • Each mesh is used for a certain crank angle interval (CA);
    • After that fields are re-mapped (mapFields) on the new mesh
    and a new case is run;
    • Example: intake stroke in a four-stroke engine with canted
    valves
    ENGINE TUTORIAL CASE - MESH GENERATION
    • Two-D engine with vertical valves generated with blockMesh;
    • Mesh must be decomposed into multiple regions;
    • Simulation of the intake stroke (mesh generated at TDC)
    Port volume

    Valve and cylinder


    volumes should be
    completely separated
    Valve Cylinder even if they share
    volume volume points. This is
    achieved by
    specifying twice the
    same points in the
    blockMeshDict file.
    ENGINE TUTORIAL CASE – BOUNDARY (FIXED)

    • cylinderHead
    • liner
    • valveWalls
    • valveStem
    • intakePort
    ENGINE TUTORIAL CASE – BOUNDARY (MOVING)

    • piston
    • valveTopIn
    • valveBottomIn
    ENGINE TUTORIAL CASE – BOUNDARY (slidingInterface)

    • valveCurtainCylIn
    • valveCurtainPortIn
    ENGINE TUTORIAL CASE – BOUNDARY (attachDetach)

    empty boundaries
    • valveDetachInPort
    • valveCurtainPortIn
    SETTING THE engineGeometry FILE

    • constant/engineGeometry
    • specify engine geometry data

    conRodLength conRodLength [0 1 0 0 0 0 0] 0.180;

    bore bore [0 1 0 0 0 0 0] 0.100;

    stroke stroke [0 1 0 0 0 0 0] 0.092;

    clearance clearance [0 1 0 0 0 0 0] 0.002;

    rpm rpm [0 0 -1 0 0 0 0] 3000;

    • specify the kind of engineTopoChangerMesh

    engineTopoChangerMesh verticalValves;
    SETTING THE engineGeometry FILE
    • specify details about the piston
    piston
    {
    patch piston;

    coordinateSystem
    {
    type Cartesian;
    origin (0 0 0);
    axis (0 0 1);
    direction (0 1 0);
    }

    minLayer 0.0005;
    maxLayer 0.002;

    delta 0.5e-3;
    offSet 0.002;
    SETTING THE engineGeometry FILE
    • delta and offset are used to identify the faces for dynamic
    layering:

    • offset: distance from the


    piston patch

    • delta: tolerance within to


    find the faces

    • only ONE layer of faces has


    to be identified!

    • typical values:
    delta
     offset 2-6 mm
     delta 0.1 – 2 mm
    offset
    SETTING THE engineGeometry FILE

    • list of valves:

    verticalValves
    (
    valve1
    {
    // subdictionary (let’s have a look....)
    }
    valve2
    {
    .....
    }
    .....
    );

    • for each valve it is necessary to specify associated patches,


    geometry data, lift curves, control parameters.
    SETTING THE engineGeometry FILE

    • other parameters to be set:

    // valveTopTol:
    // when the valve lift is lower than 1e-3; the
    poppet layering is disabled

    valveTopTol 1e-3;

    bottomValveTol 5e-5;
    poppetValveTol 5e-5;

    checkMesh on;

    // switch from dynamic layering to deformation


    deformAngle 38;
    SETTING THE MOTION B.C. (motionU)

    • motionU is used to deform the grid during deformation and to


    deform the upper part of the valve when its lift is lower than
    deformationLift:
    dimensions [0 1 -1 0 0 0 0];

    internalField uniform (0 0 0);

    boundaryField
    {
    // moving boundaries
    // fixed boundaries
    }

    • piston: componentMixed;
    • poppet and bottom of the valves: fixedValue;
    • fixed boundaries except liner: fixedValue (0 0 0);
    • liner: componentMixed;
    • slidingInterface boundaries: componentMixed;
    MOVING THE MESH

    • Simulation of the intakeStroke;


    • Mesh has to be moved from BDC to TDC;
    • Set “0” as endTime in the controlDict;
    • Set 0.25 as deltaT, then run moveEngineTopoMesh;

    • Then run:

    moveEngineTopoMesh . 2dTutorial
    CASE SETUP

    • 2dTutorialCase;

    • Set startTime as 0 in the controlDict file;

    • Copy the 0/polyMesh directory from the moving mesh case in


    the 0/ directory of the 2dTutorial case;

    • Copy the 0/motionU file from the moving mesh case in the 0/
    directory;

    • Set the correct initial conditions for:


    • b, egr, epsilon, ft, k, p, St, Su, T, Tu, U, Xi;

    • Set the thermophysicalProperties and combustionProperties


    dictionaries;

    • Set the fvSchemes, fvSolution and controlDict file;


    engineDyMFoam

    • Solver for internal combustion engines:


    • Automatic Mesh motion;
    • Topological changes;

    • Minimum modifications to engineFoam:


    • mesh.move() replaced by mesh.update();
    • createEngineDynamicMesh.H is included instead of
    createEngineMesh.H;

    • Simulation of SI engines;

    • Included in the 1.4.1 version together with dieselEngineDyMFoam;


    RUNNING THE CASE

    engineDyMFoam . 2dTutorialCase
    ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

    • Dr. Hrvoje Jasak

    • Dr. Zjelko Tukovic

    • Dr. Gianluca D’Errico

    • Dr. Gianluca Montenegro

    • Ing. Daniele Ettorre

    • Valentina Contini and Paolo Ferrario

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