ELE 2603 Instrumentation & Control Assignment 1

ELE 2603
Instrumentation and Control

Learning outcome: 1
Assignment No. :1
Process Control
Objective: Objective of this assignment is to introduce students to practical process control
systems used in the industry.

Student Name Haya Rashed

Student ID Number H00368793

True/ False

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ELE 2603 Instrumentation & Control Assignment 1

1. A mechanical a process converts inputs such as energy, money into an end (True/False)
product.

2. Process control refers to the methods used to control process variables when (True/False)
manufacturing a product.

3. Increasing process variability ensures a consistently high-quality product. (True/False)

4. A run-away process in a chemical reaction may result if manufacturers do not (True/False)

maintain precise control of all of the process variables.

5. In a control loop, comparison is often followed by measurements. (True/False)

6. A process variable is the condition of a variable being observed in a process. (True/False)

7. The variable that is changed to keep the measured variable at setpoint is called (True/False)
the manipulated variable.

8. The measured variable is always the same as the process variable. (True/False)

9. Sensors are devices that can detect physical variables, such as temperature, light (True/False)
intensity, or motion, and have the ability to give a measurable output that varies
in relation to the amplitude of the physical variable

10. An actuator detects the difference between actual values and the corresponding (True/False)
set points.

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ELE 2603 Instrumentation & Control Assignment 1

11. Discrete process requires that specific quantities of raw materials be combined in (True/False)
specific ways for particular durations to produce an intermediate or end result.

12. One way to accurately control a process is by monitoring its output and “feeding” (True/False)
some of it back to compare the actual output with the desired output so as to
reduce the error.

13. The range of a sensor or a measurement is the lowest and highest values it can (True/False)
measure within its specification.

14. The span of a sensor is the high end of the Range minus the low end of the Range. (True/False)

15. Accuracy of an instrument or device is the error or the difference between the (True/False)
indicated value and the actual value.

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ELE 2603 Instrumentation & Control Assignment 1

16. Which of the following is a sequence of interdependent steps which, at every stage,
consume one or more resources to convert inputs into outputs
A. Hysteresis
B. Process
C. Instrumentation
D. Programmable logic controller

17. Which of the following is a reason for controlling a process

A. Reduce variability
B. Increase efficiency
C. Ensure safety
D. All of the above

18. Which of the following is the proper sequence of controlling a loop

A. Adjustment, Comparison and Measurement

B. Measurement, Comparison and Adjustment
C. Comparison, Adjustment and Measurement,
D. None of the above

19. Which of the following is a variable that is changed to keep the measured variable at
setpoint:
A. Process variable
B. Measured variable
C. Manipulated variable
D. Exhausted variable

20. Which of the following is the device that changes the value of the manipulated variable
A. Final control element
B. Actuator
C. Sensor
D. Both A and B

21. Which of the following is a variable that detects a physical variable, such as temperature,
light intensity, and have the ability to give a measurable output that varies in relation to the
amplitude of the physical variable.

A. Controller
B. Actuator
C. Sensor
D. PLC

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ELE 2603 Instrumentation & Control Assignment 1

22. Which of the following processes is concerned with controlling a sequence of events rather
than regulation of variables?
A. Batch
B. Discrete
C. Continuous
D. Closed loop

23. The control of the water temperature in a heating jacket, is an example of _______ process
A. Batch
B. Discrete
C. Continuous
D. none of the above

24. Is a type of continuous control system in which the output has no influence on the control
action of the input signal?
A. Batch loop
B. Multi loop
C. Open loop
D. Closed loop

25. Which of the following is a reason for using feedback systems

A. reduce the error
B. Bring the system back to the original output
C. Reduce system sensitivity
D. All of the above

26. Which of the following best describes the figure shown

A. Good accuracy and good precision
B. Good accuracy and poor precision
C. Poor accuracy and good precision
D. Poor accuracy and poor precision

27. Which of the following best describes the reproducibility with which repeated
measurements can be made under identical conditions:
A. Accuracy
B. Precision
C. Sensitivity
D. Resolution

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ELE 2603 Instrumentation & Control Assignment 1

28. Which of the following is the high end of the range minus the low end of the range?
A. Span
B. Range
C. Period
D. Resolution

29. Which of the following is the difference in readings obtained when an instrument
approaches a signal from opposite directions?
A. Sensitivity
B. Inaccuracy
C. Hysteresis
D. Resolution

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ELE 2603 Instrumentation & Control Assignment 1

30. Calculate the followings

A. A pressure sensor has a range of 25 to 170 psi, what is the error when measuring 100
psi, if the accuracy of the gauge is ±1.5% of a span?

1.5/100 (170-25)= ±2.17 = 100±2.17

Ans. 100 ± 2.17

B. A temp sensor has a range of -100oC to 450oC, what is the error when measuring a temp
of 50oC, if the accuracy of the gauge is ±2% of a reading?
Error = 2/100 x 50 = ± 1
= 50 ± 1 Ans. 50 ± 1
C. A temp sensor has a range of -25 to 150 C. Specify the error when measuring 107 oC, if
o

the accuracy of the sensor is

i. ±0.5% of span, 0.5/100 ( 150—25) = ±0.87

ii. ±2% FSD, 2/100 x 150 = 2.1

iii. ±1.3% of reading. = ± 1.4

D. To determine the error percentage in an instrument, an engineer repeatedly measured

the pressure and found that the reading varies between 48 and 52 psi. If the
instrument can read values between 10 psi and 140psi. determine the following :
i. error of span,

Error =52 – [ (48+52)/2 ] = ± 2

ii. Error of FSD,

2 = (X /100) x (140-10) → X = 1.54%

2 = (X /100) x (52) → X = 1.42%

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ELE 2603 Instrumentation & Control Assignment 1

E. A temperature sensor has a range of -50 oC, to 220 oC, when a measurement is made the
readings varied between 22 oC to 28 oC for an error of FSD. What is the meter tolerance
when a temperature of 50 oC is read?
28 -22 / 2 = ±3
50 + 3 = 47 or 50 -3 = 53 = 47 - 53

Ans. 47 - 53

F. A temperature sensor has a range of -50 oC, to 220 oC, when a measurement is made the
readings varied between 22 oC to 28 oC for an error of a reading. What is the meter
tolerance when a temperature of 50 oC is read?

Ans. 44 - 56

28 - 22 =6

50 + 6 = 56

or

50 - 6 = 44

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ELE 2603 Instrumentation & Control Assignment 1

31. For the following processes identify the process variable, measured variable and
manipulated variable and the FCE?

Process Variable : fluid temperature

Measured Variable : temperature and

flow

Manipulated Variable : steam flow

FCE : steam valve

Sensor : temperature and flow

Process Variable : speed

Measured Variable : speed of rotation

Manipulated Variable : voltage

FCE : DC motor

Sensor : Tachometer

Process Variable : fluid flow

Measured Variable : liquid flow

Manipulated Variable : liquid flow

FCE : valve

Sensor : flow

Process Variable : temperature

Measured Variable : temperature sensor

Manipulated Variable : fuel flow

FCE : valve

Sensor : temperature sensor

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ELE 2603 Instrumentation & Control Assignment 1

Qin steam

32. For the shown process:

A. What is the process variable? Temperature

B. What is the measured variable? Temperature

C. What is the manipulated variable? Steam flow

D. If the setpoint is 120oC and the Temperature sensor reads 140 oC, how would the controller
respond to this? Close the valve to reduce the temperature to 120 oC

E. Draw a block diagram of the shown process control highlighting the different variables.

Controller Final control element Process

input ( steam valve ) (fluid in the tank )

Sensor
( temperature )

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ELE 2603 Instrumentation & Control Assignment 1

33. A process liquid level needs to be held at approximately 56m in a large tank. A pressure
transmitter with ± 3% error of a reading monitors the liquid’s level using a pressure reading and
sends a result of 50m to a controller. The controller compares the level reading to the set point
and opens or closes an outflow pipe depending on the liquid level.

Answer the following

A. What is the process variable? Water level

B. What is the measured value? Water pressure
C. What is the manipulated variable? Fluid flow
D. What is the final control element? valve
E. What is the set point? 56 m
F. What is the tolerance ? 0.03 x (50)
G. Will the controller opens or closes the valve? close
H. Draw a block diagram of this process?

Controller Final control element Process

input ( valve ) (water in tank )

Sensor
( pressure )

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