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Mechanics of Material Lab Report

This lab report details an experiment to determine the fatigue strength of a material by plotting an S-N curve. Specimens were cyclically loaded at increasing stress levels until failure. The number of cycles to failure was recorded for each stress level tested. Fatigue strength was calculated for various stress levels based on the number of cycles before failure. An S-N curve was plotted from the data to show the relationship between applied stress and the number of cycles before failure. This curve can be used to predict how long a component may last under cyclic loading.

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Muhammad Nouman Rashid
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72 views5 pages

Mechanics of Material Lab Report

This lab report details an experiment to determine the fatigue strength of a material by plotting an S-N curve. Specimens were cyclically loaded at increasing stress levels until failure. The number of cycles to failure was recorded for each stress level tested. Fatigue strength was calculated for various stress levels based on the number of cycles before failure. An S-N curve was plotted from the data to show the relationship between applied stress and the number of cycles before failure. This curve can be used to predict how long a component may last under cyclic loading.

Uploaded by

Muhammad Nouman Rashid
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LAB REPORT NO-7

Title:
To find fatigue strength using fatigue measurement apparatus

Objectives:
 To find fatigue strength of a given material.
 To plot an S-N curve.
 To predict life of a machine component subjected to fatigue loading
Theoretical background:
Fatigue:
Fatigue is the weakening of a material caused by cyclic loading that results in
progressive and localized structural damage and the growth of cracks.

Once a crack has initiated, each loading cycle will grow the crack a small
amount, typically producing striations on some parts of the fracture surface.
The crack will continue to grow until it reaches a critical size, which occurs
when the stress intensity factor of the crack exceeds the fracture toughness of
the material, producing rapid propagation and typically complete fracture of
the structure.

Fatigue loading is the changes observed in a material under the influence of stress
generated during cyclic loading.

This is generally represented by plotting a stress cycle curve (S-N curve), where S
represents stress and N represents the number of cycles to failure. It is of repeating
stress as well as fluctuating stresses (magnitude + direction).
SN curve:

Fatigue Strength:
Fatigue strength is the highest stress that a material can withstand for a given
number of cycles without breaking.

Fatigue strength is affected by environmental factors, such as corrosion.The


maximum stress that can be applied for a certain number of cycles without fracture
fractu
is the fatigue strength.

Fatigue Life:
A life that corresponds to a maximum number of life cycles for which a material
can with stand the fluctuating stresses.

It means till how many cycles a material bears before failure.

High cycle fatigue:


Life corresponds to the stress cycle greater than 10 .

Low life fatigue:


Life corresponds to the stress cycle low than 10 .
Endurance limit:
Endurance limit (Se) is the stress level below which a specimen can withstand
cyclic stress indefinitely without exhibiting fatigue failure.
Rigid, elastic, low damping materials such as thermosetting plastics and some
crystalline thermoplastics do not exhibit an endurance limit. On the other hand,
steel exhibits a high endurance limit.
If the tensile stress never exceeds a minimum level in most materials, fatigue
failure does not occur. Therefore no crack or corrosion occurs.
Endurance limit is also known as fatigue limit.

Apparatus description:
Experimental procedure:
1. Take 15 to 20 R-R Moore specimen in workshop taking great care in
dimensioning.
2. Attach the specimen to the bearings as shown in fig.
3. Set the cycle counter to zero to eliminate previous count.
4. Apply load starting from UTS of the material.
5. Noise will occur when the specimen approaches to failure.
6. Record no. of cycles from the cycle counter.

Observations and calculations:

Sf =
(Sf = strength, stress)
∗
M=bending moment = M =
L = distance from support to load =3.22in
Y = distance from neutral axis = d/2
π
I = moment of inertia =
d =minimum diameter of specimen = 0.3in

S/No Load (lbs) Cycles to failure Fatigue Strength


(N) (psi)
1 16 59518 47785
2 18 89587 53630
3 20 74690 59470
4 21 9630 62390
5 23 15104 68230

The above table is being drawn for A-36 structural steel.

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