Senior High School

Organization & Management

Quarter I
Module 1
Meaning, Functions, Types and Theories of
Management

Writer:
JONER G. MAGLALANG
MT-I Sta. Maria HS, Macabebe
Editor:
JANE P. VALENCIA, EdD – Math/ABM Supervisor
 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master
the Meaning, Functions, Type and Theories of Management. The scope of this module
permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language used
recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow
the standard sequence of the course but the order in which you read them can be
changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.

The module is about:

• Lesson 1 – Meaning, Functions, Types and Theories of Management

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Explain the meaning, functions, types and theories of management;

What I Know

Before you start studying this module, take this test to find out what you already
know about the topic.

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on your notebook.

1. Defined to mean either a group of individuals and factors and their

relationships or the process itself.
a. Organization
b. Management
c. Planning
d. Organizing
2. The activity or process which coordinates directs and controls the activities of
all other parts.
a. Organization
b. Management
c. Planning
d. Organizing
3. Consists of ensuring that work is accomplishes by assigning tasks,
coordinating them, and allocating necessary resources.
a. Planning
b. Controlling
c. Organizing
d. Leading
4. Consists of guiding and directing the behavior of subordinates for the
attainment of organizational goals.
a. Planning
b. Controlling
c. Organizing
d. Leading
5. Consists of monitoring the checking alignment of performance to
predetermined standards.
a. Planning
b. Controlling
c. Organizing
d. Leading
6. It is a broad perspective that allows managers to examine patterns and events
in the workplace.
a. Theory X
b. Theory Y
c. System Theory
d. Chaos Theory
7. This theory asserts that managers make decisions based on the situation at
hand rather than a “one size fits all” method.
a. Theory X
b. Contingency Theory
c. System Theory
d. Chaos Theory
8. This theory recognizes that change is inevitable and rarely controlled.
a. Theory X
b. Contingency Theory
c. System Theory
d. Chaos Theory
9. This theory is management style and values often use an authoritarian style
of leadership,
a. Theory X
b. Theory Y
c. System Theory
d. Theory X and Y
10. This theory believes that workers are naturally driven and take responsibility
also leaders encourage participation from workers.
a. Theory X
b. Theory Y
c. Contingency Theory
d. Theory X and Y
11.A management is considered good when skilled men are positioned as head
of the departments.
a. Bad Manager
b. Good Manager
c. Contingency Theory
d. Theory X and Y
12.Involves determining the organizations’ goal or performance objectives.
a. Planning
b. Controlling
c. Organizing
d. Leading
 13. Bringing harmonious relations among the individuals and work groups or
teams in the organization.
a. Planning
b. Controlling
c. Organizing
d. Leading
14. Indicate filling in the different job positions in the organizations’ structure.
a. Staffing
b. Controlling
c. Organizing
d. Leading
15. Implemented to help increase organizational productivity and service quality.
a. Management Theories
b. Theory Y
c. System Theory
d. Theory X and Y

Well, how was it? Do you think you did well? Compare your answers with those in
the Answer Key
If all your answers are correct, very good! This goes to show that you already know
much about the topic in this module. You may still study the module to review what
you already know. Who knows? You might learn a few new things as well.
If you got a low score, don’t feel bad. This means that this module is for you. It will
help you to understand important concepts that you can apply in your daily life. If
you study this module carefully, you will learn the answers to all the items in the
test and a lot more! Are you ready?

You may go now to the next page to begin Lesson 1.

 Lesson Meaning, Function, Types
1 and Theories of
Management
In this lesson you will discover that all organizations – public or private, large,
medium-size, or small profit or non-profit-need good managers in order to
accomplish their goals; that organizational management is, definitely, not an easy
task, and that coordination, efficiency and effectiveness are required to carry it out

Organization management consists of everything the managers or superiors do to

ensure the smooth running of the firm, which also entails creating an enabling
environment for the employees to be more efficient in the discharge of their duties.
(managementstudyhq.com/organization-management-meaning-need-and-its-
features.html)

What’s In

Before we start our lesson, let us define and condition our mind by defining what is
organization and management in your own words. Write the answer on your
notebook.

Organization:

Management:

Organization:
 What’s New

Activity 1: Arrange the jumbled letters to form the word inside the box. The
description phrases provide you clues. Write the answer on your notebook.
1. Setting Goal
GNNINLAP

________________

2. Monitor Performance
NGLLICOTRON

___________________

3. Assign and Coordinate

ZINGORNIAG

_________________

4. Guide and Direct

GNIDALE

________________

5. Different Job Position

FIGNFATS

________________

Activity 2: What’s New(Activity): Crossword Puzzle (Theories)

 What is It

1. Did you enjoy the activity? What is organization and Management?

2. What are the different theories of management?

Mini Discussion

Let’ begin with the lesson and learn new things.

What is Organization and Management?

Organization may be defined to mean either a group of individuals and factors and
their relationships or to the process itself.

Management is the activity or process which coordinates, directs and controls the
activities of all other parts.

Organization, for instance, is considered as the relationships of the structural

elements in business, including the individuals to carry on the work to accomplish
the desired purpose; and Management as the planning, directing, controlling and
coordinating of those elements.

Who is Management?: as a person Traditionally, management means one individual

or a small group of key people who make the significant decisions and keep the policy
making power and function as an absolute power over the organization. In a sole
proprietorship, it would be the owner. In a big company, it would be the directors or
key executives.

What is a Good Management?: A management is considered good when competent

men are placed as head of the departments, when this men are responsible for and
are in control of all activities and when they work as a team under the leadership of
a strong executive.

Explanation of jumble words

Management Functions include the following:

Planning. Involves determining the organizations’ goal or performance objectives,
defining strategic actions that must be done to accomplish them, and developing
coordination and integration activities.

Organizing. Demands assigning tasks, setting aside funds, and bringing

harmonious relations among the individuals and work groups or teams in the
organization.

Staffing. Indicate filling in the different job positions in the organizations’ structure;
the factors the influence this function include: size of the organization, types of jobs,
number of individuals to be recruited, and some internal and external pressures.
Leading. Entails influencing or motivating subordinates to do their best so that they
would be able to help the organizations’ endeavor to attain their set goals.

Controlling. Involves evaluating and, if necessary, correcting the performance of the

individuals or work groups or teams to ensure that they are all working toward the
previously set goals and plans of the organization.

What are Management Theories and Concepts at the Workplace?

Management theories are implemented to help increase organizational productivity

and service quality. Not many use a singular theory or concept when implementing
strategies in the workplace: They commonly use a combination of a number of
theories, depending on the workplace, purpose and workforce. Contingency Theory,
Chaos theory and system theory are popular management theories. Theory X and Y,
which addresses management strategies for workforce motivation, is also
implemented to help increase worker productivity.

Contingency Theory

This theory asserts that managers make decisions based on the situation at
hand rather than a “one size fits all” method. A manager takes appropriate action
based on aspects most important to the current situation. Managers in a university
may want to utilize a leadership approach that includes participation from workers,
while a leader in the army may want to use an autocratic approach.

Systems Theory

Managers who understand system theory recognize how different systems

affect a worker and hoe a worker affects the systems around them. A system is made
up of a variety of parts that work together to achieve a goal. Systems theory is a
broad perspective that allows managers to examine patterns and events in the
workplace. This helps managers to coordinate programs to work as a collective whole
for the overall goal or mission of the organization rather than for isolated
departments.
Chaos Theory

Change is constant. Although certain events and circumstances in an

organization can be controlled, others can’t. Chaos theory recognizes that change is
inevitable and rarely controlled. While organizations grow, complexity and the
possibility for susceptible events increase. Organizations increase energy to maintain
the new level of complexity, and as organization spend more energy, more structure
is needed for stability. The system continues to evolve and change.

Theory X and Theory Y

The management theory an individual chooses to utilize is strongly influenced

by beliefs about worker attitudes. Managers who believe workers naturally lack
ambition and need incentives to increase productivity lean toward the Theory X
management style. Theory Y believes that workers are naturally driven and take
responsibility. While managers who believe in Theory X values often use an
authoritarian style of leadership, Theory Y leaders encourage participation from
workers.

For additional information and knowledge watch the Four Functions of Management
Planning, Organizing, Leading and Controlling Video Lesson and Example @
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KBfp4pzBIm8

What’s More

Let’s check if you understood the lesson discussed above by answering this activity.
A. Identify the terms defined in the following statements: Write the correct
answer on your notebook.
______________1. It is considered good when competent men are placed as head of the
departments. These men are responsible for and are in control of all activities and
they work as a team under the leadership of a strong executive.
______________2. It entails influencing or motivating subordinates to do their best so
that they would be able to help the organization’s endeavor to attain their set goals.
______________3. It involves evaluating and, if necessary, correcting the performance
of the individuals or work groups or teams to ensure that they are all working toward
the previously set goals and plans of the organization.
______________4. It demands assigning tasks, setting aside funds, and bringing
harmonious relations among the individuals and work groups or teams in the
organization.
______________5. It indicates filling in the different job positions in the organization’s
structure; the factors that influence this function include: size of the organization,
types of jobs, number of individuals to be recruited, and some internal and external
pressures.

B. Matching Type : Write the letter of the correct answer on your notebook.
Choose from the letter below.
________1. Values often use an authoritarian style of leadership.
________2. Implemented to help increase organizational productivity and service
quality.
________3. Change is constant. _______ recognizes that change is inevitable and is
rarely controlled.
________4. This theory asserts that managers make decisions based on the situation
at hand rather than a “ one size fits all” methods.
________5. This helps managers to coordinate programs to work as a collective whole
for the overall goal or mission of the organization rather than for isolated
departments.

A. Chaos Theory
B. Management theories
C. System Theory
D. Theory X
E. Contingency Theory

Compare your answers with those in the Answer Key

What I Have Learned

Let’s find out what you have learned. Choose the correct answer on the box below
and write the answer on your notebook.
1. ________________ as the relationships of the structural elements in business,
including the individuals to carry on the work to accomplish the desired
purpose
2. ________________ is the activity or process which coordinates, directs and
controls the activities of all other parts.
3. ________________ involves determining the organizations’ goal or performance
objectives.
4. ________________ demands assigning tasks, setting aside funds, and bringing
harmonious relations among the individuals and work groups or teams in the
organization.
5. ________________ is filling in the different job positions in the organizations’
structure.
6. ________________ entails influencing or motivating subordinates to do their
best to attain their set goals.
7. ________________ involves evaluating and, if necessary, correcting the
performance of the individuals or work groups or teams.
8. ________________ are implemented to help increase organizational productivity
and service quality.
9. ________________ asserts that managers make decisions based on the situation
at hand rather than a “one size fits all” method.
 10. ________________ the managers who understand system theory recognize hoe
different systems affect a worker and hoe a worker affects the systems around
them.
11. In ___________, change is constant. Although certain events and
circumstances in an organization can be controlled, others can’t.
12. _____________ management style. _______________ believes that workers are
naturally driven and take responsibility. While managers who believe in
Theory X values often use an authoritarian style of leadership, Theory Y
leaders encourage participation from workers.

organization planning organizing theory x

theory y staffing leading controlling management theories
contingency theory system theory chaos theory management

Well, this is almost the end of the module! Congratulations for having gone this far.
You have been a very hardworking and patient learner. Did you like the module? Did
you learn something useful from it?

What I Can Do

A. Search from the internet. Investigate and observe any business establishment
like groceries, fast-food chain and sari-sari store in your place. Discuss in one
paragraph their organization and type of management.
 B. If you are to stablish your own business. What are your future plans
and strategies to become sustainable and stable specially in times of
calamities? What are the theories you will use?

Plan A Plan B Plan C

Assessment

You will find out how much you learned from the module by taking this test.
Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on your
notebook.
1. The following statements are meanings of management EXCEPT?
a. “The art and science of organizing, preparing and directing human efforts
applied to control the forces and to utilize the materials of nature for the
benefits of man.”
b. The development of people and not the direction of things.
c. The scientific utilization of men, money and materials to accomplish a
desired purpose.
d. It is considered as the relationships of the structural elements in business,
including the individuals to carry on the work to accomplish the desired
purpose.
2. Which of the following statements best describes the term Organizing?
a. Demands assigning tasks, setting aside funds, and bringing harmonious
relations among the individuals and work groups or teams in the
organization.
b. Entails influencing or motivating subordinates to do their best so that they
would be able to help the organizations’ endeavor to attain their set goals.
c. Indicate filling in the different job positions in the organizations’ structure.
d. Involves evaluating and, if necessary, correcting the performance of the
individuals or work groups or teams to ensure that they are all working
toward the previously set goals and plans of the organization.
3. This indicates filling in the different job positions in the organizations’
structure; the factors the influence this function includes: size of the
organization, types of jobs, number of individuals to be recruited, and some
internal and external pressures.
a. Planning
b. Controlling
c. Staffing
d. Leading
4. Mrs. Chua, a new entrepreneur is drafting the company’s mission and vision.
She also sets goals, objectives, rules and strategic action. What function of
management does she practice?
a. Planning
b. Controlling
c. Staffing
d. Leading
5. It is defined to mean either a group of individuals and factors and their
relationships or to the process itself.
a. Management
b. Organization
c. Staffing
d. Leading
6. This theory asserts that managers make decisions based on the
situation at hand rather than a “one size fits all” method.
a. Contingency Theory
b. Theory X and Y
c. Chaos Theory
d. System Theory
7. Mr. Carlo Gabriel plans for the future of his business specially during times
of calamities. He prepares for Plan A, Plan B and Plan C because he believes
in the theory that change is constant. What theory does Mr. Gabriel believe
into?
a. System Theory
b. Chaos Theory
c. Contingency Theory
d. Theory X and Y
8. These are implemented to help increase organizational productivity and
service quality.
a. System Theory
b. Chaos Theory
c. Management theories
d. Contingency Theory
9. Which of the following best describes the System Theory?
a. This theory asserts that managers make decisions based on the situation
at hand rather than a “one size fits all” method.
b. Organizations increase energy to maintain the new level of complexity, and
as organization spend more energy, more structure is needed for stability.
c. It is a broad perspective that allows managers to examine patterns and
events in the workplace.
d. Leaders encourage participation from workers.
 10 & 11.While managers who believe in ____________ values often use an
authoritarian style of leadership, ________________leaders encourage
participation from workers.
a. Contingency and System theory
b. System and Chaos Theory
c. Chaos and Contingency Theory
d. Theory X and Theory Y
12.Evelyn Torres, a successful businesswoman, brings about harmonious
relationship among the individual and work group or team in her organization.
What function of management does Evelyn Torres profess in her organization?
a. Organizing
b. Controlling
c. Staffing
d. Leading
13.Which of the following best describes Staffing?
a. Demands assigning tasks, setting aside funds, and bringing harmonious
relations among the individuals and work groups or teams in the organization.
b. Indicate filling in the different job positions in the organizations’ structure;
the factors the influence this function include: size of the organization, types
of jobs, number of individuals to be recruited, and some internal and external
pressure.
c. Entails influencing or motivating subordinates to do their best so that they
would be able to help the organizations’ endeavour to attain their set goals.
d. Involves evaluating and, if necessary, correcting the performance of the
individuals or work groups or teams to ensure that they are all working toward
the previously set goals and plans of the organization.
14. Which of the following is NOT a Function of Management?
a. Organizing
b. Controlling
c. Staffing
d. Ethics
15. Mr. Nicolas, an entrepreneur of big company in Cebu, sought the help of an
accountant and business expert for the overall goal, mission and vision of the
organization. He also consulted the people in the organization in order to achieve
the overall goals of the organization. What theory of management does Mr.
Nicolas show?
a. System Theory
b. Chaos Theory
c. Management theories
d. Contingency Theory

Compare your answers with those in the Answer Key.

 Additional Activities

Let’s do additional activity that may enrich your acquired knowledge and skill
from the lesson we learned. You can search on the internet for additional
information.

1. What is organization and Management?

2. Explain The 5 functions of management.

3. Explain the different theories of management.

• Management Theories
• Contingency Theory
• System Theory
• Chaos Theory
• Theory X and Y

Congratulations for the job well done. You can now move on to the next module.
 What's New
What I have learned Activity A
1. Planning
1. Organization
2. Controlling
2. Management 3. Organizing
3. Planning 4. Leading
4. Organizing 5. Staffing
5. Staffing
6. Leading Activity B
7. Controlling 1. Contingency
2. Chaos
8. Management
3. Management
Theories 4. System
9. Contingency Theory 5. TheoryX
10. System Theory
11.Chaos Theory
12.Theory X
13.Theory Y
What's More
What I Know Assessment
A.
1. A 1. D
2. B 1. Good Management 2. A
2. Leading
3. C 3. C
3. Controlling
4. D 4. Organizing 4. A
5. B 5. Staffing 5. B
6. C 6. A
7. B B. 7. B
8. D 8. C
9. A 1. D 9. C
2. B 10.D
10.B
3. A 11.D
11.B 4. E 12.A
12.A 5. C 13.B
13.C 14.D
14.A 15.A
15.A
Answer Key
References

H. Gutierrez, Jose M. Pura Jr. And Rolando M. Garcia Business. Organization and
Management

Dr. Maria Victoria P. Tibon. Management

Helena Ma. F. Cabrera, Anthony DC Altarejos and Riaz Benjamin (2016).

Organization and Management

Madison Hawthorne, Demand Media, Management Theories and Concepts at the

Workplace http//smallbusiness.chron.com/management-thoeries-
concepts-workplace-17693.html

https://www.google.si/search?q=notes+to+the+teacher+in+module+sample&tbm
Four Functions of Management Planning, Organizing, Leading and Controlling Video
Lesson and Exaple Yo https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KBfp4pzBIm8

Development Team of the Module

Writer: JONER G. MAGLALANG – MT-I Sta. Maria HS, Macabebe

Editor: JANE P. VALENCIA, EdD – EPS – Mathematics
Reviewer: JANE P. VALENCIA, EdD – EPS – Mathematics
LUCIO B. GOMEZ – MT-I, San Matias High School
Illustrator:
Layout Artist:
Language Reviewer:

Management Team

ZENIA G. MOSTOLES, EdD, CESO V, Schools Division Superintendent

LEONARDO C. CANLAS, EdD, CESE. Asst. Schools Division Superintendent
ROWENA T. QUIAMBAO, CESE, Asst. Schools Division Superintendent
CELIA R. LACNALALE, PhD, CID Chief
JANE P. VALENCIA, EdD, Education Program Supervisor, Mathematics
JUNE E. CUNANAN, Education Program Supervisor/ Language Editor
RUBY M. JIMENEZ, PhD., Education Program Supervisor, LRMDS