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Prehistory

The document summarizes the major periods of prehistory from 2.5 million BC to 600 BC. It describes the Stone Age, Bronze Age, and Iron Age. Major developments included the use of tools, invention of the wheel, metalworking, formation of cities, and early writing systems. The Classical era then began around 600 BC, marking the start of recorded human history and philosophy. Major Classical civilizations included Ancient Greece, Rome, Persia, and the Byzantine Empire.

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128 views2 pages

Prehistory

The document summarizes the major periods of prehistory from 2.5 million BC to 600 BC. It describes the Stone Age, Bronze Age, and Iron Age. Major developments included the use of tools, invention of the wheel, metalworking, formation of cities, and early writing systems. The Classical era then began around 600 BC, marking the start of recorded human history and philosophy. Major Classical civilizations included Ancient Greece, Rome, Persia, and the Byzantine Empire.

Uploaded by

Jolly Ducoy Puertos
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Prehistory (to 600 B.C.

The Prehistoric era in human history reflects the period between the appearance of humans on the
planet (roughly 2.5 million years ago) and 600 B.C. (Before Christ) or 1200 B.C., depending on the region.
It indicates the period on Earth in which there was human activity, but little to no records of human
history. This era is also known as the Foundational era, as many foundations of human civilization
occurred during this span of time.

Major Periods of the Prehistoric Era

The Prehistoric era can be divided into three shorter eras based on the advancements that occurred in
those time periods. They include:

 The Stone Age (2.5 million B.C. to 3000 B.C.) - documents the human migration from Africa and
first use of tools by Neanderthals, Denisovans and early humans

 The Bronze Age (3000 B.C. to 1300 B.C.) - humans settle in Mesopotamia, the Indus Valley and
ancient Egypt; invention of the wheel and metalworking

 The Iron Age (1300 B.C. to 600 B.C.) - formation of planned cities, introduction of ironworks,
steel, and writing systems

Classical Era (600 B.C.-A.D. 476)

The Classical era, also known as Classical antiquity, began roughly around 600 B.C. in most of the world.
It marked the beginning of a philosophical period in world history as well as the first recorded sources of
human history. Politically, the Classical era saw the rise – and fall – of most world empires.

Classical Civilizations and Empires

The Classical era was mainly centered around the civilizations on the Mediterranean Sea and their
contributions to world culture. These empires included:

 Ancient Greece (600 B.C. to A.D. 600) - foundation of democracy, philosophy, mathematics,


drama, and poetry

 Ancient Rome (753 B.C. to A.D. 476) - political power that developed the legal system, irrigation,
architecture, city roads, and Christianity

 Persian Empire (550 B.C. to 330 B.C.) - Middle Eastern empire that


practiced Zoroastrianism before Islam and fell to Alexander the Great in 330 B.C.

 Byzantine Empire (A.D. 285 to A.D. 1453) - Mediterranean culture that incorporated practices
and beliefs from ancient Greece and Rome; the only major power not to fall until after the
Renaissance
The Middle Ages (A.D. 476 -A.D. 1450 )
The Middle Ages is also known as the Medieval or Post-Classical era. Historians refer to the
early part of this period as the Dark Ages due to the loss of recorded history after the fall of the
Roman Empire in A.D. 476.

Significant Periods of the Middle Ages

The Middle Ages was an unstable period that lasted for nearly a millennium. Historians often
group the era into three distinct periods: the Early Middle Ages, the High Middle Ages and the
Late Middle Ages.

 Early Middle Ages (A.D. 476 to A.D. 1000) - also known as Late Antiquity; this period
shows most powers rebuilding after the collapse of the Roman Empire and the beginning
of Islam in the Middle East
 High Middle Ages (A.D. 1000 to A.D. 1250) - 250-year period that saw the height of the
Catholic church’s power in the Crusades
 Late Middle Ages (A.D. 1250 to A.D. 1450) - a period that saw the Black Plague, the
beginning of European exploration and the invention of the printing press

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