Advanced Test Equipment Rentals: Established 1981

®
Advanced Test Equipment Rentals

E stablished 1981 www.atecorp.com 800-404-ATEC (2832)
The information contained in this document is subject to change without

notice.
Agilent Technologies makes no warranty of any kind with regard to this
material, including but not limited to, the implied warranties of
merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. Agilent Technologies
shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental or consequential
damages in connection with the furnishing, performance, or use of this
material.
2
Certification
Agilent Technologies certifies that this product met its published specifications
at the time of shipment from the factory. Agilent Technologies further certifies
that its calibration measurements are traceable to the United States National
Institute of Standards and Technology, to the extent allowed by the Institute's
calibration facility, and to the calibration facilities of other International
Standards Organization members.
Regulatory Information
The specifications and characteristics chapter in this manual contain
regulatory information.
Warranty
This Agilent Technologies instrument product is warranted against defects in
material and workmanship for a period of one year from date of shipment.
During the warranty period, Agilent Technologies will, at its option, either
repair or replace products which prove to be defective.
For warranty service or repair, this product must be returned to a service
facility designated by Agilent Technologies. Buyer shall prepay shipping
charges to Agilent Technologies and Agilent Technologies shall pay shipping
charges to return the product to Buyer. However, Buyer shall pay all shipping
charges, duties, and taxes for products returned to Agilent Technologies from
another country.
Agilent Technologies warrants that its software and firmware designated by
Agilent Technologies for use with an instrument will execute its programming
instructions when properly installed on that instrument. Agilent Technologies
does not warrant that the operation of the instrument, or software, or firmware
will be uninterrupted or error-free.
3
Limitation of Warranty
The foregoing warranty shall not apply to defects resulting from improper or
inadequate maintenance by Buyer, Buyer-supplied software or interfacing,
unauthorized modification or misuse, operation outside of the environmental
specifications for the product, or improper site preparation or maintenance.
NO OTHER WARRANTY IS EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED. AGILENT
TECHNOLOGIES SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS THE IMPLIED
WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Exclusive Remedies
THE REMEDIES PROVIDED HEREIN ARE BUYER'S SOLE AND
EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES. AGILENT TECHNOLOGIES SHALL NOT BE
LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR
CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT,
OR ANY OTHER LEGAL THEORY.
Assistance
Product maintenance agreements and other customer assistance agreements
are available for Agilent Technologies products.
For any assistance, contact your nearest Agilent Technologies Sales and
Service Office.
4
8590 E-Series and L-Series Spectrum
Analyzer Documentation Description
The following guides are shipped with your 8590 E-Series or L-Series
spectrum analyzer.
8590 E-Series Spectrum Analyzers and 8591C Cable TV Analyzer

Calibration Guide
• Tells you how to test your analyzer to determine if the analyzer meets
its specifications.
8590 E-Series and L-Series Spectrum Analyzers User’s Guide
• Tells you how to make measurements with your analyzer.

• Describes the analyzer features.
• Tells you what to do in case of a failure.
8590 E-Series and L-Series Spectrum Analyzers Quick Reference Guide
• Describes how to make a simple measurement with your analyzer.

• Briefly describes the analyzer functions.
• Lists all the programming commands.
5
8591C Cable TV Analyzer Documentation
Description
The following guides are shipped with your cable TV analyzer.
8590 E-Series Spectrum Analyzers and 8591C Cable TV Analyzer

Calibration Guide
its specifications.
8591C Cable TV Analyzer User’s Guides
Cable TV Measurements
• Tells you how to make cable TV measurements with your analyzer.

• Describes the cable TV analyzer mode features.
Spectrum Analyzer Reference
• Tells you how to make measurements using the spectrum analyzer

mode.
• Describes the spectrum analyzer mode features.
8591C Cable TV Analyzer Getting Started and Quick Reference Guide
• Describes how to make a simple measurement with your analyzer.

• Briefly describes the cable TV and spectrum analyzer functions.
• Provides a quick reference for cable TV and spectrum analyzer
softkeys.
8590 E-Series and L-Series Spectrum Analyzers, and 8591C Cable TV
Analyzer Programmer’s Guide
• Describes analyzer operation via a remote controller (computer) for

Parallel/RS-232 or Parallel/GPIB interface. This manual is provided
when ordering either Option 041, Option 043, or 8591C.
6
8594Q QAM Analyzer Documentation
Description
The following guides are shipped with your QAM analyzer.
8590 Series Analyzers Calibration Guide
its specifications.
8594Q QAM Analyzer User's Guides
Option 190/195 DVB-C/Data Measurements
• Tells you how to make QAM measurements with your analyzer.

• Describes the QAM analyzer mode features.
Spectrum Analyzer Reference
• Tells you how to make measurements using the spectrum analyzer

mode.
• Describes the spectrum analyzer mode features.
8594Q Option 190/195 DVB-C/Data Measurement QAM Analyzer Getting
Started and Quick Reference Guide
• Provides a quick reference for QAM and spectrum analyzer softkeys.
7
Documentation Options
Option 041 or 043: Programmer's Guide

Analyzer Programmer's Guide
• Describes analyzer operation via a remote controller (computer) for

Parallel/RS-232 or Parallel/GPIB interface.
Option 910: Additional User's Documentation
Provides an additional copy of the user's guides, the calibration guide,

and the quick reference guide.
Option 915: Service Guide and Component-Level Information
Describes troubleshooting and repair of the analyzer.

Option 915 consists of two manuals:
8590 Series Analyzers Assembly-Level Repair Service Guide
• Describes adjustment and assembly level repair of the analyzer.

8590 Series Analyzers Component-Level Repair Service Guide
• Provides information for component-level repair of the analyzer.
How to Order Guides

Each of the guides listed above can be ordered individually. To order, contact
your local Sales and Service Office.
How to Use This Guide

This guide uses the following conventions.
Front-Panel Key This represents a key physically located on the instrument
front panel.
Softkey This indicates a “softkey,” a key whose label is determined by
the instrument's firmware. Softkeys are located on the
display bezel.
Screen Text This indicates text displayed on the instrument screen.
8
Contents
1. Introduction
The 8590 Series Analyzers Assembly-Level Repair Service Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Service Guide Organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Analyzer Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Firmware Revision Date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Firmware Upgrade Kit Ordering Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Reliability Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Adjustment Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Test Equipment You Will Need . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
When A 3335A Source Is Not Available . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
If There Are Abnormal Indications During Adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Periodically Verifying Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Standard-Value Replacement Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
If You Replace or Repair an Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
2. Making Adjustments
Before You Start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
1a. Display (with four access holes in top of shield) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
1b. Display (with eight access holes in top of shield) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
2. Sampler Match . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
3. 10 MHz Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
4. 10 MHz Precision Frequency Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
5. Crystal and LC Bandwidth Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
6. Cal Attenuator Error . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
7. Log and Linear Amplifier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
8. CAL FREQ Adjustment Routine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
9. CAL AMPTD Adjustment Routine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
10. CAL YTF Adjustment Routine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
11. CAL MXR Adjustment Routine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
12. Second Converter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
13. Third Converter and Second IF Bandpass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
14. Comb Generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
15. Frequency Response of the 8590L, 8591C, and 8591E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
16. Frequency Response of the 8592L/94L, 8593E/94E/95E/96E, and 8594Q . . . . . . . . . . . 106
17. Time and Date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
18. Modulator Offset and Gain for Option 010 or 011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
19. Entering External ALC Correction Constants for Option 010 or 011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
20. Checking the External ALC for Option 010 or 011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
21. Correcting for External ALC Error for Option 010 or 011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
22. First LO Distribution Amplifier for Option 009 or 010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
23. BITG Power Level for Option 010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
24. Tracking Oscillator for Option 010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
25. Checking the Absolute Amplitude Accuracy for Option 050 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
26. Correcting for Absolute Amplitude Accuracy for Option 050 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
27. Checking the Absolute Amplitude Accuracy for Option 051 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
28. Correcting for Absolute Amplitude Accuracy for Option 051 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
9
Contents
2a. Making Adjustments: If 3335A Source Not Available

Before You Start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .178
6a. Cal Attenuator Error . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .179
7a. Log and Linear Amplifier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .186
15a. Frequency Response of the 8590L, 8591C, and 8591E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .191
3. Backing Up and Reloading Correction Constants

Before You Start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .200
Backing Up Analyzer Correction Constants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .201
Analyzer Initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .204
Reloading the Correction Constants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .207
Instrument Calibration after Reloading the Correction Constants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .209
4. Troubleshooting the Analyzer

Before You Start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .216
Problems at Instrument Power-Up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .219
Troubleshooting an Inoperative Analyzer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .221
Troubleshooting the A2 Display Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .227
Isolating an RF, LO, IF, or Video Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .232
Using the Internal Service-Diagnostic Routines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .238
Troubleshooting the A16 Processor/Video Board Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .249
5. Troubleshooting the IF Section

Before You Start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .254
Service Equipment You Will Need . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .254
After an Analyzer Repair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .255
IF Section Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .255
IF Power-Level Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .256
Troubleshooting the A15 Motherboard Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .266
6. Troubleshooting the RF Section

Before You Start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .282
6a. 8590L, 8591C, and 8591E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .284
6b. 8592L/94L, 8594Q, and 8593E/94E/95E/96E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .287
7. Replacing Major Assemblies

Before You Start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .294
Removal and Replacement Procedures in this Chapter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .295
Instrument Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .296
A1 Front-Frame Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .298
A1A1 Keyboard/Front-Panel Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .302
A2 Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .303
RF Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .308
A3 Front-End Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .311
10
Contents
A7 Analog Interface Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 318

A8 Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 322
A15 Motherboard and IF Extrusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 324
A16 Processor/Video Board and A16A1 Memory Board Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330
A16 Processor/Video Board Firmware ROMs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335
A16A1BT1 Battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 337
A17 Memory Card Reader Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339
A25 Counter-Lock Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 342
B1 Fan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 344
Rear-Frame Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346
8. If You Have A Problem

Contacting Agilent Technologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350
Check the Basics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351
Calling Agilent Technologies Sales and Service Offices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352
Returning Your Analyzer for Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355
9. Assembly Descriptions and Block Diagrams

Assembly Descriptions and Block Diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 358
RF and LO Section for 8590L, 8591E, and 8591C Spectrum Analyzers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 359
RF and LO Section for 8592L, 8593E, 8594E, 8594L, 8594Q,
8595E, and 8596E Analyzers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365
IF Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 373
10. Analyzer Options and Block Diagrams

Analyzer Options and Block Diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 394
Option Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397
Troubleshooting Analyzer Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 408
Tracking Generator 8593E, 8594E, 8595E, 8596E Option 010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 410
First LO Distribution Amplifier (LODA) 8593E, 8594E, 8594Q, 8595E, 8596E
Option 009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 419
Option 190 DVB-C Connection Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 433
Option 190 DVB-C Service Menus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 434
11. Major Assembly and Cable Locations

Major Assembly and Cable Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 454
12. Replaceable Parts

Replaceable Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 486
Ordering Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 487
Standard-Value Replacement Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 497
Component-Level Information Packets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 521
13. Softkey Descriptions

Softkey Descriptions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 554
11
Contents
14. Analyzer Messages

Interpreting Analyzer Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .614
15. Service Equipment and Tools

Service Equipment and Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .660
16. Safety and Regulatory Information

Safety Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .668
Safety Symbols. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .668
Instrument Markings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .669
General Safety Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .670
Protection from Electrostatic Discharge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .672
12
1 Introduction
The 8590 Series Analyzers Assembly-Level Repair Service Guide

provides the information needed to adjust and repair the 8590 E-Series
and L-Series spectrum analyzers, the 8591C cable TV analyzer
and 8594Q QAM analyzer to the assembly level.
13
Introduction
The 8590 Series Analyzers Assembly-Level Repair Service Guide
The 8590 Series Analyzers Assembly-Level

Repair Service Guide
The 8590 Series Analyzers Component-Level Repair Service Guide
provides component-level information for the repair of individual
analyzer assemblies. The binder contains Component-Level
Information Packets (CLIPs) for selected assemblies. Each CLIP
contains component-level schematics, a component parts list, and
illustrations for component location by reference designator. Each CLIP
has its own part number which is changed whenever the part number
for its related analyzer assembly is changed. A list of all CLIP part
numbers for the 8590 E-Series and L-Series spectrum analyzers, 8591C
cable TV analyzers, and 8594Q QAM analyzers is provided in Chapter
12 of this service guide.
Figure 1-1 8590 E-Series and L-Series Spectrum Analyzers, 8591C Cable TV
Analyzers, and 8594Q QAM Analyzer
14 Chapter 1
Introduction
Service Guide Organization
Service Guide Organization

The guide is divided into the following chapters.
• Chapter 1, “Introduction,” contains information on the analyzer
identification, firmware revisions and upgrades, and safety and
reliability considerations.
• Chapter 2, “Making Adjustments,” contains the adjustment
procedures needed to adjust the analyzer to meet its specifications.
• Chapter 2a, “Making Adjustments: 3335A Source Not Available,”
contains the adjustment procedures needed to adjust the analyzer to
meet its specifications when a 3335A source is not available.
• Chapter 3, “Backing Up and Reloading Correction Constants,”
contains information for safe-guarding the correction data stored in
the analyzer and restoring the analyzer memory.
• Chapter 4, “Troubleshooting the Analyzer,” contains information for
starting to troubleshoot a analyzer failure.
• Chapter 5, “Troubleshooting the IF Section,” contains specific
troubleshooting information for selected assemblies in the IF section
and the A15 Motherland assembly.
• Chapter 6, “Troubleshooting the RF Section,” contains
troubleshooting information for the RF and LO sections of
the 8590 E-Series and L-Series spectrum analyzer and 8591C cable
TV analyzer. The information is separated by the following tabs.
• Chapter 6a, “8590L, 8591C and 8591E,” contains specific
troubleshooting information for selected assemblies within the RF
and LO sections of the 8590L, 8591E spectrum analyzers, and 8591C
cable TV analyzers.
• Chapter 6b, “8592L/94L, 8594Q, and 8593E/94E/95E/96E,”
contains specific troubleshooting information for selected assemblies
within the RF and LO sections of the 8592L, 8594L, 8593E, 8594E,
8595E, 8596E spectrum analyzers, and the 8594Q QAM analyzer.
• Chapter 7, “Replacing Major Assemblies,” contains instructions for
the removal and replacement of most major assemblies.
• Chapter 8, “Contacting Agilent Technologies,” contains information
on how to contact Agilent Technologies and return the analyzer for
repair.
• Chapter 9, “Assembly Descriptions and Block Diagrams,” contains
information and block diagrams describing analyzer operation and
individual assemblies.
Chapter 1 15
Introduction
Analyzer Description
• Chapter 10, “Analyzer Options and Block Diagrams,” contains

information on the available analyzer options.
• Chapter 11, “Major Assembly and Cable Locations,” contains
figures identifying all major assemblies and cables.
• Chapter 12, “Replaceable Parts,” contains information needed to
order assemblies and component-level information for the analyzer.
• Chapter 13, “Softkey Descriptions,” contains a description of the
calibration, service, and diagnostic softkeys.
• Chapter 14, “Analyzer Messages,” contains a description of the
analyzer messages that are displayed when there is a problem with
the analyzer.
• Chapter 15, “Service Equipment and Tools,” contains information
about equipment and tools used to service the analyzer.
The 8590 E-Series and L-Series spectrum analyzers, 8591C cable TV
analyzers, and 8594Q QAM analyzers provide measurement
capabilities over the RF and Microwave frequency ranges.
The frequency ranges of 8590 E-Series and L-Series spectrum
analyzers, 8591C cable TV analyzers, and 8594Q QAM analyzers are
described below.
All 8590 E-Series spectrum analyzers, 8591C cable TV analyzers
and 8594Q QAM analyzers are equipped with a memory card reader.
The memory card reader allows the analyzer to use downloadable
software programs. The functional “personality” of the analyzer can
also be altered using the memory card reader. This feature provides the
user with one analyzer that can perform the function of other types of
microwave test equipment.
Further information about the 8590 E-Series and L-Series spectrum
analyzers, and the available options, is provided in Chapter 10,
“Analyzer Options and Block Diagrams,” of this service guide and
the 8590 E-Series and L-Series Spectrum Analyzers User's Guide.
Further information about the 8591C cable TV analyzer and 8594Q
QAM analyzer is provided in the spectrum analyzer reference for your
instrument. Further information about the 8594Q QAM analyzer is
provided in 8594Q QAM Analyzer Spectrum Analyzer Reference User's
Guide.
16 Chapter 1
Introduction
Table 1-1 8590 E-Series and L-Series Spectrum Analyzer, 8591C Cable TV
Analyzer and 8594Q QAM Analyzer Frequency Ranges
Analyzer Model Frequency Range
8590L 9 kHz to 1.8 GHz
8591E 9 kHz to 1.8 GHz
8591C 1 MHz to 1.8 GHz
8592L 9 kHz to 22.0 GHz
8592L (Option 026) 9 kHz to 26.5 GHz
8593E 9 kHz to 22.0 GHz
8593E (Option 026) 9 kHz to 26.5 GHz
8594Q 9 kHz to 2.9 GHz
8596E 9 kHz to 12.8 GHz
Chapter 1 17
Introduction
Firmware Revision Date
Firmware Revision Date

When the analyzer is first turned on, a display appears that contains
the copyright date and firmware revision date. (If the analyzer has
either Option 041, IB and parallel I/O, or Option 043, RS-232 and
parallel I/O, the display will also contain the entries shown on the first
line of the example below.)
The version of firmware installed in the analyzer is identified by the
year, month, and day in the following format.
(IB: nn) or (RS232: nnnn)
COPYRIGHT 1986
rev yy.mm.dd
Whenever you contact Agilent Technologies about your analyzer, be
sure to provide the firmware date along with the complete serial
number and option designation. This will ensure that you obtain
accurate service information.
Firmware Upgrade Kit Ordering Information

There are occasions when the factory revises the analyzer firmware to
correct defects or make performance improvements. When a firmware
revision is needed, a service note is distributed by the factory to all
Agilent Technologies service centers. The service note identifies, by
serial-number prefix, the analyzers that require the latest firmware
upgrade kit.
If your analyzer requires a firmware upgrade kit, it can be obtained by
ordering as described in Chapter 12, “Replaceable Parts.”Instructions
for the replacement of the firmware ROMs is located under “A16
Processor/Video Board Firmware ROM” in Chapter 7, “Replacing Major
Assemblies,” of this guide.
18 Chapter 1
Introduction
Reliability Considerations
Analyzer Input Protection

The analyzer input circuitry can be damaged by power levels that
exceed the maximum safe input-level specifications. Table 1-2 through
Table 1-5 provides the input specifications. To prevent input damage,
these specified levels for your analyzer must not be exceeded.
The analyzer input can also be damaged by large transients. If it is
likely that your analyzer will be exposed to potentially damaging
transients, take whatever precautions are necessary to protect its input
circuitry.
The analyzer input can easily be protected by disconnecting it from the
signal source whenever it is likely that large transients will be present.
When it is impractical to disconnect the analyzer, a transient-limiting
device should be used.
The 11947A Transient Limiter is an analyzer accessory that protects
the input circuitry from transients and accidental overloads. Contact
your local Agilent Technologies sales or service office for more
information about the 11947A.
CAUTION Transients are often produced during electromagnetic interference

(EMI) conducted emissions testing. One type of device, the line
impedance stabilization network (LISN), can produce large transients
when its switch position or voltage input is changed.
Chapter 1 19
Introduction
Table 1-2 8590L and 8591E Spectrum Analyzer and 8591C Cable TV
Analyzer &Maximum Safe Input Level
INPUT 50Ω (Input INPUT 75Ω (Input

Attenuation ≥10 dB) Attenuation ≥10 dB)
Average Continuous Power +30 dBm (1 W) +75 dBmV (0.4 W)

Peak Pulse Power +30 dBm (1 W) +75 dBmV (0.4 W)
dc 25 Vdc 100 Vdc
Table 1-3 8592L and 8593E Spectrum Analyzer Maximum Safe Input
Level
INPUT 50Ω (Input Attenuation

≥10 dB bands 1 through 4)
Average Continuous Power +30 dBm (1 W, 7.1 V rms), input attenuation

≥10 dB
Peak Pulse Power
+50 dBm (100 W) for <10 µs pulse width and
<1% duty cycle, ssfs input attenuation ≥30 dB
dc 0 Vdc
Table 1-4 8594E and 8594L Spectrum Analyzer and 8594Q Analyzer
Maximum Safe Input Level
INPUT 50Ω (Input Attenuation ≥10 dB)
Average Continuous Power +30 dBm (1 W, 7.1 V rms)

Peak Pulse Power +50 dBm (100 W) for <10 µs pulse width and
<1% duty cycle, input attenuation ≥30 dB
dc 0 V (dc coupled)
50 V (ac coupled)
Table 1-5 8595E and 8596E Spectrum Analyzer Maximum Safe Input
Level
INPUT 50Ω (Input Attenuation ≥10 dB

above 2.75 GHz)
Average Continuous Power +30 dBm (1 W, 7.1 V rms)

Peak Pulse Power +50 dBm (100 W) for <10 µs pulse width and
<1% duty cycle, input attenuation ≥30 dB
dc 0 V (dc coupled)
50 V (ac coupled)
20 Chapter 1
Introduction
Adjustment Procedures
The following table lists the analyzer adjustments in Chapter 2 and
Chapter 2a and the models that they apply to. Select the model of the
analyzer being adjusted and note the adjustments marked in the
analyzer model column to determine which adjustments should be
performed.
and 8594Q QAM Analyzer Adjustment Procedures
Adjustment for Spectrum Analyzer Model:
Adjustment Procedure Name
8594Q
8591C
8591E
8594E
8595E
8590L
8592L
8594L
8593E
8596E
1. Display • • • • • • • • •
2. Sampler Match • • • • • • • • •
3. 10 MHz Reference • • • • • • • • •
4. 10 MHz Precision Frequency • • • • • •

Reference
5. Crystal and LC Bandwidth Filter • • • • • • • • •
6. Cal Attenuator Errora • • • • • • • • •
6a. Cal Attenuator Errorb • • • • • • • • •
7. Log and Linear Amplifiera • • • • • • • • •
7a. Log and Linear Amplifierb • • • • • • • • •
8. CAL FREQ Adjustment Routine • • • • • • • • •
9. CAL AMPTD Adjustment Routine • • • • • • • • •
10. CAL YTF Adjustment Routine • • •
11. CAL MXR Adjustment Routine • • •
12. Second Converter • • •
13. Third Converter and Second IF • • • • • • • • •

Bandpass
14. Comb Generator • •
15. Frequency Response of the 8590L, • • •

8591C, and 8591Ea
Chapter 1 21
Introduction
and 8594Q QAM Analyzer Adjustment Procedures
Adjustment for Spectrum Analyzer Model:
Adjustment Procedure Name
8594Q
8591C
8591E
8594E
8595E
8590L
8592L
8594L
8593E
8596E
15a. Frequency Response of the 8590L, • • •
8591C, and 8591Eb
16. Frequency Response of the 8592L, • • • • • •

8593E, 8594E, 8594L, 8594Q,8595E,
8596E
17. Time and Date • • • • • • • • •
18. Modulator Offset and Gain for • • •

Option 010 or 011
19. Entering External ALC Correction • • •

Constants for Option 010 or 011
20. Checking the External ALC for • • •

Option 010 or 011
21. Correcting the External ALC Error • • •

for Option 010 or 011
22. First LO Distribution Amplifier for • • •

Option 009 or 010
23. BITG Power Level for Option 010 • • •
24. Tracking Oscillator for Option 010 • • •
25. Checking the Absolute Amplitude • • • •

Accuracy for Option 050
26. Correcting for Absolute Amplitude • • • •

27. Checking the Absolute Amplitude • • • •

28. Correcting for Absolute Amplitude • • • `•

a. If a 3335A source is not available, use the alternative adjustment with the same
number found in Chapter 2a , “Making Adjustments: If 3335A Source Not Avail-
able.”
b. If a 3335A source is not available, substitute this adjustment for the one with the
same number found in Chapter 2 , “Making Adjustments.”
22 Chapter 1
Introduction
Safety
Safety
Familiarize yourself with the safety symbols marked on the analyzer,
and read the general safety instructions and the symbol definitions
given in Chapter 16 , “Safety and Regulatory Information,” before you
begin the procedures in this chapter.
Test Equipment You Will Need

Refer to Chapter 1 of the calibration guide for your instrument for a list
of recommended equipment for the analyzer adjustments. Any
equipment that meets the critical specifications given in the table can
be substituted for the recommended model.
If a 3335A Synthesizer/Level Generator is not available, see Chapter 1
of the calibration guide for your instrument for alternative
recommended test equipment, accessories, and adapters.
When A 3335A Source Is Not Available

The 3335A Synthesizer Level Generator signal source has become
obsolete because parts used in the manufacture of this instrument are
no longer available from suppliers. To meet the need of our customers,
this service guide has been revised to add new adjustments that do not
use the 3335A Synthesizer Level Generator. This revision includes the
addition of signal sources required to replace the 3335A, changes i to
the test equipment setup illustrations, and changes in the steps
required to execute the adjustments.
Since all of our customers will not need to replace their 3335A
Synthesizer Level Generators immediately, the original adjustments
which use the 3335A signal generator have been retained. The
revisions have been incorporated in this service guide as Chapter 2a ,
“Making Adjustments: If 3335A Source Not Available.”
Chapter 1 23
Introduction
If There Are Abnormal Indications During Adjustment
If There Are Abnormal Indications During

Adjustment
If the indications received during an adjustment do not agree with the
normal conditions given in the adjustment procedures, a fault exists in
your analyzer. The fault should be repaired before proceeding with any
further adjustments. Refer to the troubleshooting and repair
information in Chapter 4, “Troubleshooting the Analyzer,” of this guide.
Periodically Verifying Calibration

The analyzer requires periodic verification of operation. Under most
conditions of use, you should test the analyzer at least once a year with
either operation verification or the complete set of performance
verification tests located in the calibration guide for your instrument.
When test results show proper operation and calibration, no
adjustments are necessary. However, if test results indicate that the
instrument does not meet specifications, the cause should be
determined and rectified. Refer to the troubleshooting information in
Chapter 4, “Troubleshooting the Analyzer,” before attempting
recalibration.
Standard-Value Replacement Components

Part numbers for standard-value replacement components used in the
adjustment procedures are located in Chapter 12, “Replaceable Parts,”
of this service guide.
24 Chapter 1
Introduction
If You Replace or Repair an Assembly

If one or more analyzer assemblies has been replaced or repaired,
related adjustment procedures should be done prior to verifying
operation. Refer to Table 1-7 to determine which adjustment to perform
after replacing or repairing an assembly. Find the assembly that has
been repaired or replaced in the left-hand column. Then perform the
adjustments marked across the adjustment column for that assembly.
It is important that adjustments are performed in the order indicated to
ensure that the instrument meets all of its specifications.
Table 1-7 Adjustments and Tests for Replaced or Repaired Assemblies
Replaced or Repaired Related Adjustments Related Performance Verification Tests

Assembly and Adjustment
Routines
A1 Front Frame CAL AMPTD Frequency Response

Residual Responses
A2 Display Display Frequency Response

CAL AMPTD Residual Responses
A3A1 Comb Generator Comb Generator Comb Generator Frequency Accuracy

CAL YTF Frequency Response
Residual Responses
A3A2 Microwave CAL FREQ Frequency Response

Switch CAL AMPTD Residual Responses
CAL YTF
A3A3 Low-Pass Filter CAL FREQ Frequency Response

CAL YTF
A3A4 Second CAL FREQ Noise Sidebands

Converter CAL AMPTD System Related Sidebands
Other Input Related Spurious Responses
Spurious Response
Gain Compression
Displayed Average Noise
Residual Responses
A3A5 Input Attenuator CAL FREQ Frequency Response

CAL YTF
Frequency Response
Chapter 1 25
Introduction

Routines
A3A6 Dual Mixer or CAL FREQ Noise Sidebands

Low Band Mixer CAL AMPTD System Related Sidebands
CAL MXR Other Input Related Spurious Responses
Frequency Response Spurious Response
Gain Compression
Residual Responses
A3A7 YIG-Tuned First LO Frequency Readout & Marker Count Accy

Oscillator Distribution Amplifier Noise Sidebands
for Option 009 or 010 System Related Sidebands
Residual FM Frequency Span Readout Accy
CAL FREQ Frequency Response
CAL AMPTD Other Input Related Spurious Responses
CAL YTF Spurious Response
Residual Responses
A3A8 YIG-Tuned Filter CAL FREQ Noise Sidebands System Related Sidebands
or A3A8 Switched CAL AMPTD Frequency Response
YIG-Tuned Filter CAL YTF Other Input Related Spurious Responses
CAL MXR Spurious Response
Frequency Response Displayed Average Noise
Residual Responses
A3A9 Bandpass Filter CAL FREQ None

CAL AMPTD
A3A10 Directional CAL FREQ System Related Sidebands

Coupler CAL AMPTD Frequency Response
CAL YTF Other Input Related Spurious Responses
Spurious Responses
Residual Responses
A3A11 Step-Recovery CAL FREQ Comb Generator Frequency Accuracy

Diode CAL AMPTD
A3A12 3 dB Attenuator CAL FREQ None

CAL AMPTD
A3A13 Isolator CAL FREQ System Related Sidebands

CAL AMPTD Frequency Response
Spurious Responses
Residual Responses
26 Chapter 1
Introduction

Routines
A3A14 LO Distribution First LO Frequency Readout and Marker Count Accy

Amplifier (LODA) Distribution Amplifier Noise Sidebands
only Residual FM
Frequency Span Readout Accuracy
CAL FREQ Frequency Response
CAL AMPTD Other Input Related Spurious Responses
CAL YTF Spurious Response
Residual Responses
A3A15 Tracking First LO Frequency Readout and Marker Count Accy

Generator Distribution Amplifier Noise Sidebands
Residual FM
CAL FREQ Frequency Span Readout Accuracy
BITG Power Level for Spurious Response
Option 010 Residual Responses
A3 Input Attenuator CAL FREQ Frequency Response

CAL AMPTD
A4 First Converter Frequency Response Noise Sidebands

CAL FREQ System Related Sidebands
Spurious Response
Gain Compression
Residual Responses
A5 Second Converter Second Converter Noise Sidebands

CAL FREQ Residual FM
CAL AMPTD System Related Sidebands
Frequency Response
Spurious Response
Gain Compression
Residual Responses
A6 YIG-Tuned CAL FREQ Noise Sidebands

Oscillator CAL AMPTD Residual FM
System Related Sidebands
Frequency Span Readout Accuracy
Frequency Response
Spurious Response
Residual Responses
Chapter 1 27
Introduction

Routines
A7 Analog Interface CAL FREQ Frequency Readout and Marker Count Accy
CAL AMPTD Noise Sidebands
CAL YTF (8592L, Residual FM
8593E, 8595E, 8596E System Related Sidebands
only) Frequency Span Readout Accuracy
Sweeptime Accuracy
Scale Fidelity
Reference Level Accuracy
Absolute Amplitude Calibration and
Resolution Bandwidth Switching
Uncertainties
Frequency Response
A7A1 Tracking Modulator Offset and Absolute Amplitude, Vernier, and Power
Generator Control Gain for Option 010 or Sweep Accuracy
011 Tracking Generator Level Flatness
Entering External ALC Harmonic Spurious Outputs
Correction Non-Harmonic Spurious Outputs
Constants for Option Tracking Generator Feedthrough
010 or 011 Checking the
External ALC for Option
010 or 011
Correcting the External
ALC Error for Option
010 or 011
A8 Power Supply None System Related Sidebands

Spurious Responses
Residual Responses
A9 Third Converter Third Converter Noise Sidebands

&Second IF Bandpass System Related Sidebands
CAL FREQ Absolute Amplitude Calibration and
CAL AMPTD Resolution Bandwidth Switching
BITG Power Level for Uncertainties
Option 010 only Other Input Related Spurious
Spurious Responses
Residual Responses
A10 LODA Control First LO Frequency Response

(Opt. 009) or Tracking Distribution Amplifier Absolute Amplitude, Vernier and Power
Generator Control for Option 009 or 010 Sweep Accuracy
(Opt. 010) only Tracking Generator Level Flatness
CAL FREQ
CAL AMPTD
CAL YTF
28 Chapter 1
Introduction

Routines
A11 Bandwidth Crystal and IC Resolution Bandwidth Accuracy

Bandwidth Filter CAL Absolute Amplitude Calibration and
FREQ Bandwidth Switching Uncertainties
CAL AMPTD
A12 Amplitude Control CAL FREQ Scale Fidelity

CAL AMPTD Displayed Average Noise
A13 Bandwidth Crystal and IC Resolution Bandwidth Accuracy

Bandwidth Filter CAL Absolute Amplitude Calibration and
FREQ Bandwidth Switching Uncertainties
CAL AMPTD
A14 Log Amplifier Log and Linear Scale Fidelity

Amplifier Reference Level Accuracy
CAL FREQ
CAL AMPTD
A15 Motherboard CAL FREQ Complete Operation Verification

CAL AMPTD
A16 Processor/Video 10 MHz Reference Reference Level Accuracy

A16A1 Memory CAL FREQ Frequency Response
CAL AMPTD
CAL YTF (8592L,
8593E, 8595E, 8596E
only)
CAL MXR † (8592L,
8593E, 8595E, 8596E
only)
Cal Attenuator Error †
Frequency Response †
Time and Date
† These adjustments are not necessary if valid correction constants are recovered from the
defective A16 processor/video assembly. See the A16 processor/video board assembly replacement
procedure in this service guide.
Chapter 1 29
Introduction
30 Chapter 1
2 Making Adjustments
The procedures in this chapter adjust the analyzer electrical
performance to the specifications described in Chapter 2 of the
calibration guide for your instrument.
Most adjustments require access to the interior of the analyzer.
If a 3335A source is not available, use the alternative adjustments with
the same number found in Chapter 2a.
31
Making Adjustments
Before You Start
Before You Start

There are three things you should do before starting an adjustment
procedure.
• Check that you are familiar with the safety symbols marked on the
analyzer, and read the general safety considerations and the symbol
definitions given in the front of this service guide.
• Check that the analyzer has been turned on and allowed to warm up
for at least 30 minutes at room temperature before making any
adjustments. The analyzer must be allowed to stand at room
temperature at least 2 hours prior to the 30 minute warmup.
• Read the rest of this section.
32 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
1a. Display (with four access holes in top of shield)
1a. Display
(with four access holes in top of shield)
This adjustment applies to:
All 8590 E-Series and L-Series spectrum analyzers
8591C cable TV analyzers
8594Q QAM analyzers
There are two different types of displays. If your display has four holes
in the top of the shield, continue with this procedure. If it has eight
holes, go to the next procedure.
The horizontal and vertical display positions are adjusted using
front-panel softkeys. These positions are then stored in nonvolatile
memory.
There are two focus adjustments, fine and coarse. The fine adjustment
is located on the left side of the display assembly and can be accessed
with the instrument cover on or off. The coarse adjustment is located on
the rear of the display assembly and can only be adjusted with the
instrument cover off.
Procedure
Display Position
1. Press the following analyzer keys to adjust the horizontal position.
PRESET
CAL, More 1 of 4
CRT HORZ POSITION
2. Rotate the knob until the display is centered horizontally.

3. Press the following analyzer softkey to adjust the vertical position.
CRT VERT POSITION
4. Rotate the knob until the display is centered vertically.

5. Press the following analyzer keys to store the horizontal and vertical
position values into nonvolatile memory.
CAL
CAL STORE
Chapter 2 33
Making Adjustments
Fine Focus
1. Adjust the front panel INTENSITY control for a comfortable viewing
intensity.
2. Use an adjustment tool to access the fine focus adjustment. See
Figure 2-1. Adjust as necessary for a focused display. If one of the
end-stops of the fine focus adjustment is reached, proceed with the
“Coarse Focus Adjustment” section.
Figure 2-1 Fine Focus Adjustment Location
34 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
Coarse Focus
The Coarse Focus adjustment point is located at the rear of the display
assembly, therefore, it is required to place the display in a service
position to perform this procedure.
1. Turn the analyzer LINE switch to OFF. Remove the instrument cover
assembly.
2. Place the display in a service position.
WARNING The analyzer contains potentially hazardous voltages. Refer to

the safety symbols provided on the analyzer, and in the general
safety instructions in this guide, before operating the unit with
the cover removed. Ensure that safety instructions are strictly
followed. Failure to do so can result in severe or fatal injury.
3. Turn the analyzer LINE switch to ON.

4. Center the fine focus adjustment. Refer to Figure 2-1 for the
adjustment location.
5. Adjust the coarse focus adjustment for the best possible focus. See
Figure 2-2.
Figure 2-2 Coarse Focus Adjustment Location

(rear view of display assembly)
Chapter 2 35
Making Adjustments
1b. Display (with eight access holes in top of shield)
1b. Display
(with eight access holes in top of shield)
8594Q QAM analyzers
CAUTION All display adjustments are described in this adjustment procedure.

However, the FOCUS adjustment is the only adjustment that can be
performed without removing the instrument cover.
For all other adjustments, it is strongly recommended that you return
the instrument to your local sales and service office.
There are two different types of displays. If your display has eight holes
in the top of the shield, continue with this procedure. If it has four
holes, go to the preceding procedure.
If you are going to make adjustments to your display, only make the
adjustments that would correct the problem that the display is
experiencing.
The following is a list of adjustments described in this procedure:
• Focus • Centering
• Horizontal Hold • Vertical Hold
• Vertical Size • Vertical Linearity
• Brightness • Contrast
The horizontal and vertical display positions should first be adjusted

using front-panel softkeys. These positions are then stored in
nonvolatile memory.
The Focus adjustment is located on the left side of the instrument and
can be accessed with the instrument cover on or off. All other
adjustments must be made with the instrument cover removed.
Equipment Required
Display adjustment tool, 0.075 inch hex (part number 8710-1010)
36 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
Procedures
Before Performing any Adjustment
Before performing any display adjustment, press the following analyzer
keys.
CONFIG, More 1 of 3, More 2 of 3
DEFAULT SYNC
CAL, More 1 of 4, More 2 of 4
DEFAULT CAL DATA
Focus
The Focus potentiometer is located on the left side of the instrument
and can be accessed with the instrument cover on or off. Use the
specified adjustment tool to make this adjustment.
1. Adjust the front-panel INTENSITY control for a comfortable viewing
intensity.
2. Adjust as necessary for a focused display. See Figure 2-1.
Figure 2-3 Focus Adjustment Location
Chapter 2 37
Making Adjustments
Centering
Perform this adjustment only if the displayed image is not horizontally
centered on the display.
The Centering potentiometer is accessible through the top of the
display's cover. The instrument cover must be removed for access to the
display's cover. Refer to Figure 2-4 for the location of this adjustment.
Use the specified adjustment tool to make this adjustment.
1. Press CAL, More 1 of 4, CRT HORZ POSITION.
2. Set the CRT horizontal position setting to 12.
3. Set the Centering potentiometer so the displayed image is positioned
approximately at the center of the display.
Figure 2-4 Display Adjustment Locations
38 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
Horizontal Hold
Perform this adjustment only if the displayed image is rolling
horizontally across the display.
The Horizontal Hold potentiometer is accessible through the top of the
1. If the display is unreadable, first adjust the Horizontal Hold
potentiometer for a stable display.
2. Press CAL, More 1 of 4, CRT HORZ POSITION.
3. Set the CRT horizontal position setting to 12.
4. Find the clockwise position of the Horizontal Hold potentiometer
where the display begins to roll horizontally.
5. Find the counter-clockwise position of the Horizontal Hold
potentiometer where the display begins to roll horizontally.
6. Set the adjustment to a position approximately midway between the
clockwise and counter clockwise position where the display does not
roll horizontally.
Vertical Hold
Perform this adjustment only if the displayed image is rolling vertically
on the display.
The Vertical Hold potentiometer is accessible through the top of the
1. If the display is unreadable, first adjust the Vertical Hold
potentiometer for a stable display.
2. Press CONFIG, More 1 of 3, More 2 of 3.
3. Press SYNC NRM NTSC (NTSC).
4. Adjust the Vertical Hold potentiometer so that the display image is
not rolling vertically.
Chapter 2 39
Making Adjustments
5. Press SYNC NRM PAL (PAL).

6. Adjust the Vertical Hold potentiometer so that the display image is
not rolling vertically.
7. Repeat step 1 to step 5 until no adjustment is necessary for either
the NTSC or the PAL mode.
8. Press DEFAULT SYNC.
This is the third softkey from the top.
Vertical Size
Perform this adjustment only if the displayed image is too tall or too
short for the display.
The Vertical Size potentiometer is accessible through the top of the
1. Press CAL, More 1 of 4, CRT VERT POSITION.
2. Set the CRT vertical position setting so that softkey labels are
adjacent to the keys at the right to which they are associated.
3. Adjust the Vertical Size potentiometer so that the uppermost softkey
label is adjacent to the uppermost softkey and the lowermost softkey
label is adjacent to the lowermost softkey.
4. Repeat step 2 and step 3 if necessary.
Vertical Linearity
Perform this adjustment only if the vertical space between the horizontal
graticules are not equal on the display.
The Vertical Linearity potentiometer is accessible through the top of
the display's cover. The instrument cover must be removed for access to
the display's cover. Refer to Figure 2-4 for the location of this
adjustment. Use the specified adjustment tool to make this adjustment.
1. Adjust the Vertical Linearity potentiometer so that the vertical
space between each of horizontal graticules are approximately equal.
40 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
Brightness and Contrast

Perform these adjustments only if the brightness and contrast of the
display is not correct.
The Brightness and Contrast potentiometers are accessible through the
top of the display's cover. The instrument cover must be removed for
access to the display's cover. Refer to Figure 2-4 for the locations of
these adjustments. Use the specified adjustment tool to make these
adjustments.The Brightness and Contrast potentiometers are
interactive adjustments.
1. Adjust the Contrast potentiometer to the full clockwise position (the
image is no longer displayed).
2. Adjust the front-panel INTEN knob to the full clockwise position.
3. Adjust the Bright potentiometer until the background is just barely
extinguished (the background is dark).
4. Adjust the front-panel INTEN knob to the full counter-clockwise
position.
5. Adjust the Contrast potentiometer until the image is just barely
extinguished.
6. Adjust the front-panel INTEN knob to the full clockwise position and
verify there is not background illumination. If necessary, re-adjust
brightness and contrast so that the front-panel INTEN will go from
a dark screen to a bright screen with a dark background.
7. Adjust the front-panel INTEN knob for comfortable brightness and
adjust the display focus.
Chapter 2 41
Making Adjustments
2. Sampler Match
2. Sampler Match
8594Q QAM analyzers
The match between the sampling oscillator and the sampler is
optimized by first setting the sampling-oscillator frequency for
midrange, then adjusting the sampler-match adjustment for maximum
dc volts as read on a digital multimeter.
Equipment Required
Digital multimeter
DMM test leads
Procedure
1. Turn the analyzer LINE switch to OFF. Remove the instrument over
assembly.
3. Set the center frequency of the analyzer to 194 MHz. If you are
adjusting an 8590L, or 8591E spectrum analyzer, or an 8591C cable
TV analyzer, set the center frequency to 265 MHz.
4. Press the following analyzer keys.
SPAN, 10, MHz
5. Connect the digital multimeter (DMM) from chassis ground to

A25TP1. Refer to Figure 2-5.
6. Adjust A25C107 for maximum voltage as read on the DMM. This
voltage must be −1.5 V ±1.0 V.
7. Measure the voltage at A25TP2. It should be +1.5 V ±1.0 V. If it is
not, readjust A25C107 until a compromise is established between
the two test points, such that the voltage specifications of step 6 and
step 7 are met.
42 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
2. Sampler Match
Figure 2-5 A25 Counter Lock Assembly Test Points
Chapter 2 43
Making Adjustments
3. 10 MHz Reference
3. 10 MHz Reference
8591C cable TV analyzers with Option 704
8594Q QAM analyzers with Option 704
The internal 10 MHz time base is adjusted for frequency accuracy. This
procedure does not adjust for long-term drift or aging rate. Only
short-term accuracy is adjusted.
A frequency counter is connected to the CAL OUT, which is locked to
the 10 MHz reference. This yields better effective resolution.
The time base is adjusted for a frequency of 300 MHz as read by the
frequency counter.
Equipment Required
Microwave frequency counter
Frequency standard
Cable, 122 cm (48 in) (two required)
Figure 2-6 10 MHz Reference Adjustment Setup
44 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
3. 10 MHz Reference
Procedure
Note that to properly adjust the time base, a frequency standard with a
better time base accuracy than that of the analyzer is required.
1. Connect the equipment as shown in Figure 2-6.
2. Set the microwave frequency counter controls as follows:
50 Ω/1 MΩ ...........................................50 Ω Impedance
10 Hz–500 MHz/500 MHz–18 GHz ...10 Hz–500 MHz
SAMPLE RATE .......................................... Midrange
FREQUENCY STANDARD ................... EXTERNAL
PRESET
FREQUENCY, −2001, Hz
CAL, More 1 of 4, More 2 of 4, More 3 of 4
SERVICE CAL, CAL TIMEBASE

4. A number will be displayed in the active function block of the
analyzer display. This is the setting of the DAC (0 to 255) which
controls the frequency of the internal time base. Use the knob or
keyboard to change the DAC setting until the frequency counter
reads 300 MHz ±75 Hz (±0.25 ppm).
5. Once the time base has been adjusted for minimum deviation from
300 MHz, press CAL, CAL STORE. The new DAC number is now
stored in nonvolatile memory.
Chapter 2 45
Making Adjustments
4. 10 MHz Precision Frequency Reference

All 8590 E-Series spectrum analyzers, Option 004
8594Q QAM analyzers
Replacement oscillators are factory adjusted after a complete warmup
and after the specified aging rate has been achieved. Readjustment
should not be necessary after oscillator replacement, and is not
recommended.
Note that the analyzer must be ON continuously for at least 24 hours
immediately prior to adjusting the oscillator to allow both the
temperature and frequency of the oscillator to stabilize. Failure to allow
sufficient stabilization time could result in the misadjustment of the
oscillator.
The frequency of the internal 10 MHz frequency reference is compared
to a known frequency standard and adjusted for minimum frequency
error. This procedure does not adjust the short-term stability or
long-term stability of the 10 MHz Ovenized Crystal Oscillator (OCXO),
which are determined by characteristics of the particular oscillator and
the environmental and warmup conditions to which it has been recently
exposed. The analyzer must be ON continuously for at least 24 hours
immediately prior to oscillator adjustment to allow both the
temperature and frequency of the oscillator to stabilize.
Equipment Required
Frequency standard
Frequency counter
Cable, BNC, 122 cm (48 in) (two required)
Figure 2-7 Precision Frequency Reference Setup
46 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
Procedure
1. Place the analyzer on its side as shown in Figure 2-7 and set the
LINE switch of the analyzer to ON.
2. Allow the analyzer to remain powered ON and undisturbed for at
least 24 hours, so that both the temperature and frequency of the
OCXO can stabilize.
3. Connect the frequency standard to the frequency counter rear-panel
TIMEBASE IN/OUT connector. Refer to Figure 2-7.
4. Disconnect the jumper between the 10 MHz REF OUTPUT and EXT
REF IN jacks on the analyzer rear panel. Connect a BNC cable
between the 10 MHz REF OUTPUT jack and INPUT A on the
frequency counter.
5. Set the frequency counter controls as follows:
FUNCTION/DATA ....................................... FREQ A
INPUT A:
x10 ATTN ........................................................ OFF
AC ............................................. OFF (DC coupled)
50 Ω Z .................... OFF (1 MΩ input impedance)
AUTO TRIG ........................................................... ON
100 kHz FILTER A .............................................. OFF
INT/EXT switch (rear panel) .............................. EXT
6. On the frequency counter select a 1 second gate time and a 10 MHz
offset of the displayed frequency by pressing the following frequency
counter keys.
GATE TIME, 1, GATE TIME
MATH, SELECT/ENTER
CHS/EEX, 10, CHS/EEX, 6, SELECT/ENTER
SELECT/ENTER
The frequency counter should now display the difference between

the frequency of the INPUT A signal and 10.0 MHz with a displayed
resolution of 10 MHz (0.010 Hz).
7. Locate the FREQ ADJ control on the OCXO. See Figure 2-8. Remove
the dust cap screw.
8. Use a nonconductive adjustment tool to adjust the FREQ ADJ
control on the OCXO for a frequency counter indication of 0.00 Hz.
Chapter 2 47
Making Adjustments
9. Select a 10 second gate time by pressing the following frequency

counter keys.
GATE TIME, 10, GATE TIME
The frequency counter should now display the difference between

the frequency of the INPUT A signal and 10.0 MHz with a resolution
of 0.001 Hz (1 MHz).
10.Wait at least 2 gate periods for the frequency counter to settle, and
then adjust the FREQ ADJ control on the OCXO for a stable
frequency counter indication of 0.000 ±0.010 Hz.
11.Replace the dust cap screw on the OCXO.
Figure 2-8 Oven Reference Adjustment Location
48 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
5. Crystal and LC Bandwidth Filter

8594Q QAM analyzers
The crystal and LC bandwidth filter circuits are adjusted for symmetry,
center frequency, and peak amplitude.
First, correction constants are turned off. This allows for uncorrected 3
dB resolution bandwidth centering and amplitude adjustments.
New corrections are then generated by performing the CAL FREQ and
CAL AMPTD adjustment routines.
Equipment Required
Crystal shorts (set of three)
Cable, BNC, 23 cm (9 in)
Additional Equipment for 75 Ω Input

Cable, BNC, 75 Ω, 30 cm (12 in)
Procedure
assembly.
2. Turn the analyzer LINE switch to ON, then press the following
analyzer keys.
PRESET
CAL, More 1 of 4
CORRECT ON OFF (OFF)
Chapter 2 49
Making Adjustments
Crystal Alignment
3. Connect the CAL OUT to the INPUT 50 Ω with the BNC cable.
75 Ω input: Connect the CAL OUT to the INPUT 75 Ω with the 75 Ω
BNC cable.
Figure 2-9 Crystal Symmetry and Centering
CAUTION Use only 75 Ω cables, connectors, or adapters on instruments equipped

with 75 Ω inputs or damage to the input connectors will occur.

FREQUENCY, 300, MHz
SPAN, 10, MHz
PEAK SEARCH
MKR FCTN, MK TRACK ON OFF (ON)
75 Ω input: AMPLITUDE, More 1 of 2, AMPTD UNITS, dBm

SPAN, 200, kHz
AMPLITUDE, 20, −dBm
SCALE LOG LIN (LIN)
More 1 of 2, AMPTD UNITS, dBm
BW, 3, kHz
50 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
5. Press AMPLITUDE, then use the knob to place the signal at the sixth
graticule line from the bottom.
6. Press BW, 30, kHz on the analyzer.
CAUTION Shorting the crystal test points to ground may permanently damage the
bandwidth board assembly. If you make your own shorts, it is advisable
to insulate the bare wires and connectors.
7. Connect the crystal shorts (through the access holes on the assembly
cover) across the following pairs of test points.
A13TP1 and A13TP2
A11TP1 and A11TP2
A11TP4 and A11TP5
8. Adjust A13C54 CTR for minimum signal amplitude. Then adjust
A13C38 SYM and A13C54 CTR for a centered and symmetrical
bandpass response as shown in Figure 2-9.
9. Remove the crystal short from A13TP1 and A13TP2 and connect it
across A13TP4 and A13TP5.
10.Adjust A13C25 CTR for minimum signal amplitude. Then adjust
bandpass response.
11.Remove the crystal short from A11TP4 and A11TP5. Connect the
short across A13TP1 and A13TP2.
bandpass response.
13.Remove the crystal short from A11TP1 and A11TP2. Connect the
short across A11TP4 and A11TP5.
bandpass response.
Chapter 2 51
Making Adjustments
15.Remove the crystal shorts and press the following analyzer keys.
PEAK SEARCH
SPAN, 50, kHz
MKR FCTN, MK TRACK ON OFF (OFF)
BW, 3, kHz
PEAK SEARCH, MARKER DELTA
BW, 30, kHz
PEAK SEARCH
16.Verify that the MARKER ∆ frequency does not exceed 3 kHz.

If the signal shift is out of tolerance, repeat step 3 to step 16.
17.Press the following analyzer keys.
MKR
MARKER 1 ON OFF (OFF)
52 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
LC Alignment
BW, 100, kHz
SPAN, 5, MHz
19.Widen all but one of the LC filter poles by shorting A11TP10 and
A11TP11, A11TP12 and A11TP13, and A13TP10 and A13TP11
using the crystal shorts.
CAUTION Use a tool with a nonmetallic body to make the LC dip adjustment.
Shorting components to ground may result in permanent damage to the
bandwidth board assembly.
20.Center the signal on the analyzer display by pressing the following

analyzer keys.
PEAK SEARCH
21.Adjust A13C47 LC dip for a minimum signal amplitude.

22.Move the short from A13TP10 and A13TP11 to A13TP12 and
A13TP13, then adjust A13C17 LC dip for a minimum signal
amplitude.
amplitude.
amplitude.
LC Centering
Note that the center frequency of the 100 kHz bandwidth is referenced
to the 30 kHz bandwidth. During this procedure it is advisable to
switch to the 30 kHz bandwidth occasionally and recenter it using
PEAK SEARCH, MARKER → CF.
25.Short A11TP10 and A11TP11, A11TP12 and A11TP13, and

A13TP10 and A13TP11 using the crystal shorts used in the crystal
alignment section. Press the following analyzer keys.
BW, 30, kHz
SPAN, 200, kHz
BW, 100, kHz
Chapter 2 53
Making Adjustments
26.Adjust A13C45 LC CTR for maximum signal at center-screen.

A11TP13, then adjust A11C23 LC CTR for maximum signal at
center-screen.
center-screen.
center-screen.
30.Disconnect all the shorts from A11 and A13 bandwidth board
assemblies.
LC Amplitude
BW, 3, MHz
SPAN, 2, MHz
32.Press AMPLITUDE and adjust the signal level one division below the
top graticule using the knob.
PEAK SEARCH, MARKER ∆
BW, 100, kHz
It may be necessary to occasionally recenter the 30 kHz bandwidth.

34.Adjust A11R26 LC and A13R26 LC equally for a MARKER ∆
amplitude of 0 dB. Each potentiometer should be adjusted to
accomplish one-half of the necessary increase in signal amplitude. If
A11R26 or A13R26 reaches its limit, recenter both potentiometers
and repeat step 31 to step 35.
35.Press MKR FCTN, MK TRACK ON OFF (OFF) on the analyzer.
54 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
Final LC Centering
BW, 30, kHz
SPAN, 100, kHz
PEAK SEARCH, MARKER → CF
BW, 100, kHz
37.Make final adjustments by adjusting A11C23, A11C45, A13C23, and

A13C45 in succession to peak the amplitude of the marker at
center-screen.
38.Repeat step 36 and step 37 until the 30 kHz and 100 kHz
bandwidths are centered in relation to each other.
BW, 30, kHz
PEAK SEARCH
MARKER ∆
BW, 100, kHz
PEAK SEARCH
40.Verify that the MARKER ∆ frequency does not exceed 10 kHz.

If the signal shift is out of tolerance, repeat step 26 to step 39.
Crystal Amplitude
BW, 30, kHz
SPAN, 10, kHz
PEAK SEARCH
MARKER ∆
BW, 1, kHz
42.Adjust A11R31 XTL and A13R31 XTL equally for a MARKER ∆

amplitude reading of 0 dB. Each potentiometer should be adjusted to
accomplish one-half of the necessary increase in signal amplitude.
43.If A11R31 or A13R31 reaches its limit, recenter both potentiometers
and repeat step 41 and step 42.
Chapter 2 55
Making Adjustments
Final BW Amplitude Check

44.Run the “CAL FREQ Adjustment Routine” and the “CAL AMPTD
Adjustment Routine.”
45.Remember to press CAL STORE after the completion of the routines
to store data in nonvolatile memory.
46.Press the following analyzer keys to verify that the bandwidth
amplitude corrections are within specifications.
SERVICE DIAG
DISPLAY CAL DATA
47.Refer to the BW-AMP column of the analyzer display to locate the

XTAL and LC bandwidth amplitude-correction numbers of the
analyzer. All LC and XTAL bandwidth readings should be between
−0.8 dB to +0.5 dB. Table 2-1 describes and shows an example of the
XTAL and LC bandwidth amplitude-correction numbers that will be
displayed on the analyzer. Perform the following steps that apply to
your analyzer.
• If the difference between the bandwidth amplitude-correction
numbers of the 30 kHz XTAL and 3 MHz LC is greater than
0.8 dB, pad A11R8 or A13R8 and repeat the Final BW Amplitude
Check. Refer to the Component-Level Information Package for
the location of A11R8 and A13R8.
• If the 30 kHz XTAL bandwidth amplitude correction is greater
than the 3 MHz LC bandwidth correction, increase the value of
A11R8 or A13R8.
• If the 3 MHz LC bandwidth amplitude correction is greater than
the 30 kHz XTAL bandwidth correction, decrease the value of
A11R8 or A13R8.
• If just the 100 kHz LC amplitude is out of range, repeat step 23 to
step 38 and step 44 to step 47.
• If the 1 kHz XTAL amplitude is out of the above range, repeat
step 44 to step 46.
56 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
Table 2-1 Bandwidth Amplitude-Correction Map

Resolution Bandwidths BW-AMP
Correction Numbers
not used 0.00
not used 0.00
not used 0.00
not used 0.00
XTAL: 9 kHz 0.00
300 Hz 0.46
1 kHz 0.06
3 kHz −0.02
10 kHz 0.00
30 kHz 0.00
LC: 100 kHz −0.27
300 kHz −0.40
1 MHz −0.43
3 MHz −0.47
5 MHz −0.54
120 kHz −0.17
Chapter 2 57
Making Adjustments
6. Cal Attenuator Error

8594Q QAM analyzers
The A12 amplitude control assembly has one 10 dB and two 20 dB
nonadjustable amplifiers. It also has 1 dB, 2 dB, 4 dB, 8 dB, and 16 dB
attenuators which are correctable. The 16 dB step is not used at this
time.
The attenuator error correction procedure involves disabling the
attenuator correction constants, determining the attenuator step
errors, and entering the new correction constants into the analyzer
memory.
Equipment Required
Synthesizer/level generator
Adapter, Type N (m) to BNC (f)
Additional Equipment for Option 026

Adapter, Type BNC (f) to SMA (m)

58 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
Procedure
The accuracy of the amplitude control attenuator is critical to the
proper calibration of the instrument; therefore, this procedure must be
carefully and accurately performed.
assembly.
3. Connect the 50 Ω output of the synthesizer/level generator to the
analyzer INPUT 50 Ω. See Figure 2-10.
75 Ω input: Connect the 75 Ω output of the synthesizer/level
generator to the analyzer INPUT 75 Ω.
Figure 2-10 Cal Attenuator Error Correction Setup

4. Set the frequency of the synthesizer/level generator to 25 MHz and

the output to −19 dBm.
5. To turn the amplitude attenuator correction constants off, press the
following analyzer keys.
PRESET
CAL, More 1 of 4
Chapter 2 59
Making Adjustments
1 dB Step Check
6. To measure the 1 dB step correction, press the following analyzer
keys.
FREQUENCY, 25, MHz
SPAN, 10, MHz

SCALE LOG LIN (LIN), More 1 of 2
AMPTD UNITS, dBm
PEAK SEARCH
SPAN, 50, kHz
BW, 3, kHz
VID BW AUTO MAN, 300, Hz

8. The MKR ∆ amplitude reading should be 0.0 dB ±0.01 dB. If it is not,

repeat step 7.
9. Set the analyzer by pressing AMPLITUDE, 17, −dBm.
10.Set the amplitude of the synthesizer/level generator to −18 dBm.
11.Press MKR on the analyzer.
12.Record the MKR ∆ amplitude reading in Table 2-2. This is the 1 dB
attenuator step error of the A12 amplitude control assembly.
60 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
2 dB Check
AMPLITUDE, 16, −dBm.

PEAK SEARCH
MARKER DELTA, MARKER DELTA
16.MKR ∆ amplitude reading should be 0.0 ±0.01. If it is not, repeat

step 15.
17.Set the analyzer by pressing AMPLITUDE, 14, −dBm.
19.Press MKR on the analyzer.
20.Record the MKR ∆ amplitude reading in Table 2-2. This is the 2 dB
attenuator step error of the A12 amplitude control assembly.
4 and 8 dB Step Error

21.Repeat step 13 to step 20 for attenuator steps 4 dB and 8 dB. Use
Table 2-2 for synthesizer values and analyzer reference-level values.
Table 2-2 A12 Amplitude Control Assembly Attenuator Errors
Synthesizer Settings (dBm) Reference Level Settings Attenuator Error

(dBm) Step (dB)
Attenuator Attenuator Attenuator Attenuator

OFF ON OFF ON
−19 −18 −18 −17 1 ____________
−17 −15 −16 −14 2 ____________
−18 −14 −17 −13 4 ____________
−19 −11 −18 −10 8 ____________
Chapter 2 61
Making Adjustments
Entering Attenuator Error Correction Data

PRESET

SERVICE CAL, SET ATTN ERROR
Note that the frequency of −2001 Hz is necessary to access the

SERVICE CAL routines.
23.When the analyzer prompts you with the message ENTER

CAL ATTEN ERROR, enter the data from Table 2-2 and terminate with
the reverse sign using the dBm or −dBm keys. For example, if the
error recorded in Table 2-2 is 0.07, enter 0.07 and terminate with
−dBm.
24.When the analyzer prompts you to enter the 16 dB step, enter

0 dBm. At the completion of entering the 16 dB error, the analyzer
will reset.
25.To confirm that the correct data is stored, access the cal attenuator
corrections by pressing the following analyzer keys.
SERVICE DIAG
DISPLAY CAL DATA
Note that the cal-attenuator correction data are the first five
corrections located in the ERR column.
62 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
7. Log and Linear Amplifier

8594Q QAM analyzers
A 21.4 MHz signal is injected into an IF test board that has been
inserted in place of the first resolution bandwidth assembly, A11. The
gain of the A14 log amplifier assembly is adjusted by observing the
voltage at the AUX VIDEO OUT on the rear panel with a digital
multimeter.
Equipment Required
Synthesizer/level generator
Digital multimeter (DMM)
IF test board
Cable, BNC (f) to dual banana plug
Test cable
Chapter 2 63
Making Adjustments
Procedure
assembly.
2. Remove the first IF bandwidth filter assembly, A11. Install the IF
test board into the A11 slot. Turn the analyzer LINE switch to ON.
3. Set the DMM to read dc volts.
PRESET
CAL, More 1 of 4
CORRECT ON OFF (OFF), More 2 of 4
SERVICE DIAG
STP GAIN ZERO
SPAN, 0, Hz
BW, 10, kHz
SCALE LOG LIN (LIN)
5. Set the synthesizer as follows:

FREQUENCY ............................................. 21.4 MHz
MANUAL TUNE ................................................... ON
AMPTD INCR .............................................. 0.01 dBm
AMPLITUDE .................................................. −6 dBm
6. Connect equipment as shown in Figure 2-11. Connect the output of
the synthesizer to J2 of the IF test board. Connect the DMM to AUX
VIDEO OUT (located on the rear panel).
64 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
Figure 2-11 Log and Linear Amplifier Adjustment Setup
Log Fidelity Adjustment

7. Adjust the synthesizer knob for maximum signal amplitude on the
display. Adjust the synthesizer amplitude as necessary to keep the
signal on the display.
8. Adjust the synthesizer output level for a DMM reading of 1000 mV
±1.0 mV. Record the synthesizer amplitude readout for later
reference:
____________________dBm
9. Press AMPTD, INCR, 10, dB on the synthesizer.
10.Press SCALE (LOG) on the analyzer.
11.Set the synthesizer to the level recorded in step 8 and adjust
A14R23 SLOPE (refer to Figure 2-12) for a DMM reading of
1000 mV ±1 mV.
Chapter 2 65
Making Adjustments
Figure 2-12 Log and Linear Amplifier Adjustment Location
12.Set the synthesizer amplitude 60 dB below that recorded in step 8 by

pressing AMPLITUDE and then pressing ⇓ (step-down key) six times.
Adjust A14R10 OFFSET for the DMM reading of 250 mV ±1 mV.
13.Repeat step 10 and step 11 until no further adjustment is necessary.
14.Set the synthesizer amplitude 30 dB below that recorded in step 8
and adjust the A14R23 SLOPE for a DMM reading of 625 mV ±1 mV.
15.Set the synthesizer amplitude to the level recorded in step 8 and
adjust the A14R69 −30 dB for a DMM reading of 1000 mV ±1 mV.
17.Set the synthesizer amplitude 10 dB below that recorded in step 8
and adjust the A14R23 SLOPE for a DMM reading of 875 mV ±1 mV.
adjust the A14R39 −10 dB for a DMM reading of 1000 mV ±1 mV.
20.Repeat step 10 to step 18 until the limits in Table 2-3 are met.
66 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
Table 2-3 Log Fidelity Check
Synthesizer Level DMM Reading
Reference from step 8 1000 mV ±1 mV
Reference − 10 dB 875 mV ±3 mV
Linear Output and Step Gain Adjustments

AMPTD UNITS, dBm

adjust A14R34 LIN for a DMM reading of 1000 mV ±1 mV.
23.Make the adjustments indicated in Table 2-9.
Table 2-4 Linear Gain Check
Adjust Synthesizer Level Reference DMM Reading

Level (dBm)
A14R34 Reference from step 8 −50 1000 mV ±1 mV
A14R33 Reference − 10 dB −60 1000 mV ±5 mV
N/A Reference − 40 dB −90 1000 mV ±30 mV
Chapter 2 67
Making Adjustments
8. CAL FREQ Adjustment Routine

8594Q QAM analyzers
The CAL FREQ softkey accesses an internal self-adjustment routine.
The “CAL FREQ Adjustment Routine” adjusts the analyzer to obtain
frequency accuracy using CAL OUT signal. The following adjustments
are automatically performed by CAL FREQ routine.
Sweeptime calibration
YTO offset and slope
FM coil timing constants
Span attenuator
FM detector sensitivity
Equipment Required

Adapter, Type APC-3.5 (f) to APC-3.5 (f)

68 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
Procedure
Interrupting this routine may result in corrupt data being stored in
RAM. If this occurs, rerun the CAL FREQ adjustment routine.
1. Connect the CAL OUT to the INPUT 50 Ω with the BNC cable. See
Figure 2-13.
BNC cable.
Figure 2-13 CAL FREQ Adjustment Routine Setup


CAL, CAL FREQ
The CAL FREQ adjustment routine will take a few minutes to run.
The internal adjustment data will be stored in working RAM. To store
this data in nonvolatile memory, press CAL STORE.
If the CAL AMPTD adjustment routine has not been done, the following
error message will be displayed: 'CAL: DATA NOT STORED' and 'CAL
AMP NEEDED'. Proceed with the CAL AMPTD adjustment routine and
then press CAL STORE when done.
Chapter 2 69
Making Adjustments
9. CAL AMPTD Adjustment Routine

8594Q QAM analyzers
The CAL AMPTD softkey accesses an internal self-adjustment routine.
The following adjustments are automatically performed by CAL AMPTD.
• The reference level is calibrated by adjusting the gain of the IF
section.
• The 3 dB resolution bandwidths are adjusted.
• Bandwidth amplitude errors are determined. Errors are corrected
with video offsets.
• Step-gain and input-attenuator errors are determined. Errors are
corrected with video offsets.
• Log fidelity is checked in 1 dB steps. Errors are corrected with video
offsets.
• Frequency accuracy is tested and adjusted by using frequency
offsets.
Equipment


70 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
Procedure
It is recommended to complete the “CAL FREQ Adjustment Routine”
prior to performing the “CAL AMPTD Adjustment Routine.”
1. Connect the CAL OUT to the INPUT 50 Ω using a BNC cable. See
Figure 2-14.
BNC cable.
Figure 2-14 CAL AMPTD Adjustment Routine Setup


CAL, CAL AMPTD
The CAL AMPTD routine takes approximately 5 to 7 minutes to run.

The internal adjustment data will be stored in working RAM. To
store this data in nonvolatile memory, press CAL STORE.
Chapter 2 71
Making Adjustments
10. CAL YTF Adjustment Routine

8592L spectrum analyzers
8593E spectrum analyzers
The CAL YTF softkey accesses an internal adjustment routine. This
routine adjusts the slope and offset of the A3A8 YTF tune voltage for
each harmonic mixing band. The “CAL FREQ Adjustment Routine”
must be performed prior to this adjustment.
Equipment Required
Cable, Type N (m) to SMA (m) (part number 8120-5148)

Cable, SMA (m) to (m)
Additional Equipment for Model 8595E

Cable, BNC, 20 cm (9in)
72 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
Procedure
1. Perform the CAL FREQ routine as indicated in the “CAL FREQ
Adjustment Routine” in this chapter.
2. Connect the 100 MHz COMB OUT to INPUT 50 Ω using the YTF
CAL cable. Refer to Figure 2-15.
Model 8595E only: Connect the CAL OUT to the INPUT 50 Ω using a
BNC cable.
Figure 2-15 CAL YTF Adjustment Setup
3. Press the following keys.

PRESET
CAL, CAL YTF
The CAL YTF routine will take a few minutes to run. The message
“CAL: DONE” will be displayed when the routine has finished. The
internal adjustment data will be stored in working RAM.
If the message “LOST COMB SIGNAL” is displayed, perform the
Mixer Bias DAC Initialization procedure.
4. Press CAL STORE to store the YTF correction data in nonvolatile
memory.
Mixer Bias DAC Initialization

If the message “LOST COMB SIGNAL” is displayed, the current mixer
bias DAC settings may not be adequate to ensure that a comb signal is
displayed. Initialization of the mixer bias DAC may be required.
Perform this procedure only if the “LOST COMB SIGNAL” message is
displayed while performing the CAL YTF routine and the analyzer
firmware is version 3.1.90 or later.
Chapter 2 73
Making Adjustments
1. Press the following keys to activate title mode.

PRESET
SERVICE DIAG
DISPLAY CAL DATA
2. Record the displayed “Optimum Bias” DAC values for each

frequency band.
Table 2-5 Acceptable Mixer Bias DAC Correction Values
Band Optimum Bias Acceptable

Bias Range
1 _________________ 800 to 1900
2 _________________ 0 to 200
3 _________________ 1000 to 1800
4 _________________ 400 to 750
3. If the recorded “Optimum Bias” values are within the acceptable

ranges indicated in Table 2-5, RF section troubleshooting is
necessary.
If the recorded “Optimum Bias” values are not within the acceptable
ranges indicated in Table 2-5, complete the rest of this procedure to
initialize the mixer bias DAC values.
4. Press the following keys to allow entry of the default mixer bias DAC
values.
PRESET
DISPLAY
CHANGE TITLE
5. Enter CALMXRDATA 1600,1; as a title entry to set the mixer bias

value to 1600 for band 1.
6. Press the following keys to store the mixer bias value for band 1 in
nonvolatile memory.
SERVICE CAL
EXECUTE TITLE
74 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
value for band 2.
DISPLAY
CHANGE TITLE
CLEAR
8. Enter CALMXRDATA 20,2; as a title entry to set the mixer bias value
to 20 for band 2.
Press the following keys to store the mixer bias value for band 2 in
nonvolatile memory.
SERVICE CAL
EXECUTE TITLE
value for band 3.
DISPLAY
CHANGE TITLE
CLEAR
10.Enter CALMXRDATA 1300,3; as a title entry to set the mixer bias

11.Press the following keys to store the mixer bias value for band 3 in
nonvolatile memory.
SERVICE CAL
EXECUTE TITLE
12.Press the following keys to allow entry of the default mixer bias DAC
value for band 4.
DISPLAY
CHANGE TITLE
CLEAR
13.Enter CALMXRDATA 520,4; as a title entry to set the mixer bias

Chapter 2 75
Making Adjustments
14.Press the following keys to store the mixer bias value for band 4 in
nonvolatile memory.
SERVICE CAL
EXECUTE TITLE
15.Press the following keys to check the default mixer bias DAC values.
PRESET
SERVICE DIAG
DISPLAY CAL DATA
Confirm that the “Optimum Bias” DAC values displayed for band 1
through band 4 are 1600, 20, 1300, and 520.
16.Repeat the CAL YTF adjustment procedure.
17.Perform the CAL MXR adjustment procedure.
76 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
11. CAL MXR Adjustment Routine

The CAL MXR softkey accesses an internal adjustment routine which
optimizes the dc bias for the A3A6 Dual Band Mixer when in high band
(2.75 to 22 GHz). The CAL YTF routine must be performed prior to this
adjustment. New frequency response correction constants must be
developed following the CAL MXR Adjustment Routine.
Equipment Required
Cable, Type N (m) to SMA (m)

Cable, CAL Comb
Additional Equipment for Model 8595E

Cable, BNC, 20 cm (9in)
Chapter 2 77
Making Adjustments
Procedure
1. Perform the CAL YTF routine as indicated in the “CAL YTF
Adjustment Routine” in this chapter.
2. Connect the 100 MHz COMB OUT to INPUT 50 Ω using the CAL
YTF cable (Type N to SMA cable). Refer to Figure 2-16.
Model 8595E only: Connect the CAL OUT to the INPUT 50 Ω using a
BNC cable.
Figure 2-16 CAL MXR Adjustment Setup

PRESET
SERVICE CAL, CAL MXR

The CAL MXR routine will take a few minutes to run. The message
“CAL: DONE” will be displayed when the routine has finished. The
internal adjustment data will be stored in working RAM.
4. Press CAL STORE to store the correction data in nonvolatile memory.
78 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
12. Second Converter

The RF output of the tripler is adjusted by observing an analyzer
connected to the 321.4 MHz second converter output, and adjusting the
slug-tuned cavity for maximum signal.
The second IF bandpass filter is adjusted for a 2.1214 GHz bandpass
using the Dishal method. The second mixer match is adjusted for
maximum output.
The LO is swept through the range of the 2.1214 GHz bandpass while
the output is observed with an analyzer and the characteristics are
evaluated.
Equipment Required
Microwave spectrum analyzer
Tuning tool
Cable, SMB (f) to BNC (m)
Adapter, SMB (f) to SMB (f)
Adapter SMB (m) to SMB (m)
Adapter, N (m) to BNC (f)
Chapter 2 79
Making Adjustments
Procedure
Tripler Adjustment
assembly. Refer to the “Instrument Cover” removal procedure in
Chapter 3.
3. Press INSTRUMENT PRESET on the microwave spectrum analyzer
and set the controls as follows:
CENTER FREQUENCY ............................... 1.8 GHz
FREQUENCY SPAN ..................................... 10 MHz
REFERENCE LEVEL .................................. −20 dBm
dB/DIV ......................................................... 2 dB/DIV
4. Connect the microwave spectrum analyzer to the 2ND LO 1.8 GHz
port on the A5 Second Converter using SMB adapters and the test
cable. See Figure 2-17.
Figure 2-17 Tripler Adjustment Setup
5. Use the tuning tool to adjust A5C4 FREQUENCY TRIPLER (see

Figure 2-18) for maximum signal amplitude as observed on the
analyzer. Readjust the reference level of the microwave spectrum
analyzer as necessary to keep the signal on screen. The 1.8 GHz
signal should be −19 dBm to −24 dBm.
80 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
Note that when adjusting with the tuning tool, the signal amplitude
will change as the lock nuts are tightened. Optimum signal
amplitude should be maintained while tightening these lock nuts.
Figure 2-18 Second Converter Adjustment Location
Second Converter Bandpass

6. Set the microwave spectrum analyzer controls as follows:
CENTER FREQUENCY ......................... 2.1214 GHz
FREQUENCY SPAN ....................................... 5 MHz
7. Connect the microwave spectrum analyzer to the BP ALIGN port on
the A5 Second Converter of the analyzer using the test cable. See
Figure 2-17.
Figure 2-19 Second Converter Bandpass Adjustment Setup
Chapter 2 81
Making Adjustments
8. With nothing connected to the analyzer INPUT 50 Ω (Option 001:

INPUT 75 Ω), press the following keys.
PRESET
PEAK SEARCH
SPAN, 10, MHz
Wait for AUTO ZOOM message to disappear.

9. Set the analyzer as follows:
SPAN, 0, Hz
10.Loosen the lock nut on A5C1, A5C2, and A5C3. Carefully turn
tuning screws clockwise until they reach the bottom of the cavity. Do
not force the tuning screws down.
11.Turn A5C1 counterclockwise for a peaked signal on the 8566A/B.
Lightly tighten the lock nut.
12.Turn A5C2 counterclockwise for a minimum signal on the analyzer.
Lightly tighten the lock nut.
13.Turn A5C3 counterclockwise for peak signal on the analyzer. Lightly
tighten the lock nut.
14.Repeat step 11 to step 13 until no further improvement is noticeable.
Tighten the lock nuts without changing the amplitude on the
display.
Second Mixer Match

15.After removing W10, connect the microwave spectrum analyzer to
the 2ND CONV OUT port (see Figure 2-18) using the test cable. See
Figure 2-20.
82 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
Figure 2-20 Second Mixer Match Adjustment Setup
16.Set the microwave spectrum analyzer controls as follows:

CENTER FREQUENCY .......................... 321.4 MHz
SPAN .............................................................. 20 MHz
dB/DIV ......................................................... 1 dB/DIV
17.Adjust A5 2ND MIXER MATCH (refer to Figure 2-18) for maximum
amplitude as displayed on the microwave spectrum analyzer. Adjust
the reference level as necessary to keep the signal near top-screen.
Swept Bandpass Check

18.Set the analyzer controls as follows:
SPAN, 20, MHz
SWEEP, 20, SEC
19.On the microwave spectrum analyzer, press trace B and MAX

HOLD. Wait for at least one complete sweep. Then press the
following keys to measure the 3 dB bandwidth.
TRACE B VIEW
A⇐⇒B
PEAK SEARCH
MARKER MODE, ∆
20.Rotate the knob counterclockwise so that the marker delta

amplitude reads −3 dB.
Chapter 2 83
Making Adjustments
21.Press MARKER MODE, ∆ and rotate the knob clockwise so that the
marker delta amplitude reads 0 dB and is on the right-hand side of
the response. Read the marker delta frequency; it should be 15 MHz
±2.5 MHz. See Figure 2-21.
22.The maximum ripple should be less than 1 dB for a bandwidth of
6 MHz.
Figure 2-21 Second Converter Bandpass Ripple Measurement
84 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
13. Third Converter and Second IF Bandpass
13. Third Converter and Second IF

Bandpass
8594Q QAM analyzers
The 321.4 MHz, second IF bandpass filter is adjusted for maximum
signal amplitude.
The CAL OUT amplitude is measured and adjusted for −20 dBm
±0.4 dB. The insertion loss of a low-pass filter (LPF) and 10 dB
attenuator are characterized. The harmonics of the CAL OUT signal
are suppressed with the LPF before the amplitude accuracy is
measured using a power meter.
Equipment Required
Synthesized sweeper
Microwave spectrum analyzer
Measuring receiver (used as a power meter)
Power meter
Low power sensor with a 50 MHz reference attenuator
Power sensor, 300 MHz
Power splitter
Attenuator, 10 dB, Type N (m to f), dc-12.4 GHz
Low-pass filter, 300 MHz
IF test board
Cable, Type N, 152 cm (60 in)
Test cable, SMB (f) to BNC (m) (two required)
Adapter, APC 3.5 (f) to Type N (f)
Adapter, Type N (f) to BNC (m) (two required)
Chapter 2 85
Making Adjustments
Additional Equipment for Models 8590L

Option 713

Adapter, minimum loss
Adapter, 75 Ω to 50 Ω
Adapter, Type N (f) 75 Ω to BNC (m) 75 Ω
Procedure
Second IF Bandpass Filter
1. Press INSTRUMENT PRESET on the microwave spectrum
analyzer, then set the controls as follows:
CENTER FREQUENCY ............................ 21.4 MHz
FREQUENCY SPAN ..................................... 50 MHz
dB/DIV ......................................................... 1 dB/DIV
2. Set the synthesized sweeper controls as follows:
CW ............................................................. 321.4 MHz
POWER LEVEL ........................................... −26 dBm
assembly.
4. Remove the first IF bandwidth filter assembly, A11.
5. Install the IF test board into the A11 slot.
6. Remove the W9 cable from A9J4, 321.4 MHz IF INPUT.
7. Connect the synthesized sweeper output to A9J4. Refer to
Figure 2-22.
86 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
Figure 2-22 Second IF Bandpass Filter Adjustment Setup
8. Press the analyzer LINE switch to ON.

PRESET
SPAN, 0, Hz
10.Connect the microwave spectrum analyzer RF INPUT to J1 of the IF

test board. Refer to Figure 2-22.
11.Adjust A9C44, A9C46, and A9C47 for maximum signal amplitude as
observed on the microwave spectrum analyzer. Adjust the reference
level of the microwave spectrum analyzer, as necessary, to display
the signal below the top graticule.
12.Remove the test board from the A11 slot and install the A11
bandwidth filter assembly.
13.Reconnect W9 to A9J4, 321.4 MHz INPUT.
If you are adjusting an 8590L Option 713, continue with the
“600 MHz Adjustment.”
If you are adjusting an 8591C 8591E, 8593E, 8594E, 8594Q, 8595E,
or 8596E, continue with the “LPF, Attenuator and Adapter Insertion
Loss Characterization.”
Chapter 2 87
Making Adjustments
600 MHz Adjustment

14.Set the microwave frequency counter controls as follows:
50 Ω/1 MΩ ......................................... 50 Ω Impedance
10 Hz–500 MHz/500 MHz–18 GHz . 10 Hz–500 MHz
SAMPLE RATE .......................................... Midrange
15.Disconnect W8 from A9J5 600 MHz OUT, then connect the
microwave frequency counter to A9J5.
16.Adjust A9R68, 600 MHz ADJ, for a frequency of 600 MHz±2 kHz
(599.998000 MHz to 600.002000 MHz).
17.Remove the test cable from A9J5, then reconnect W8.
18.Continue with “LPF, Attenuator and Adapter Insertion Loss
Characterization.”
LPF, Attenuator and Adapter Insertion Loss

Characterization
19.Zero and calibrate the measuring receiver and power sensor
combination in LOG mode as described in the measuring receiver
operation manual.
CAUTION Do not attempt to calibrate the power sensor without the reference
attenuator or damage to the power sensor will occur.
20.Zero and calibrate the power meter and 300 MHz power sensor, as
described in the power meter operation manual.
21.Connect the equipment as shown in Figure 2-23. Connect the
300 MHz power sensor directly to the Power Splitter (bypass the
LPF, Attenuator and Adapters).
88 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
Figure 2-23 LPF Characterization
22.Press INSTRUMENT PRESET on the synthesized sweeper. Set the

controls as follows:
CW ................................................................ 300 MHz
POWER LEVEL ........................................... −15 dBm
23.Allow the power sensors to settle, then on the measuring receiver,
press RATIO mode. Power indication should be 0 dB.
24.On the power meter, press the dB REF mode key. Power indication
should be 0 dB.
25.Connect the LPF, Attenuator and adapters as shown in Figure 2-23.
26.Record the measuring receiver reading in dB. This is the relative
error due to mismatch.
Mismatch Error____________________dB
27.Record the power meter reading in dB. This is the relative
uncorrected insertion loss of the LPF, attenuator, and adapters.
Uncorrected Insertion Loss____________________dB
Chapter 2 89
Making Adjustments
28.Subtract the Mismatch Error (step 22) from the Uncorrected

Insertion Loss (step 22). This is the corrected insertion loss.
Corrected Insertion Loss____________________dB
For example, if the Mismatch Error is +0.3 dB and the uncorrected
Insertion Loss is −10.2 dB, subtracting the mismatch error to the
insertion loss gives a corrected reading of −10.5 dB.
300 MHz Calibrator Amplitude Adjustment

29.Connect the equipment as shown in Figure 2-24. The analyzer
should be positioned so that the setup of the adapters, LPF and
attenuator do not bind. It may be necessary to support the center of
gravity of the devices.
Figure 2-24 300 MHz Calibrator Amplitude Accuracy Test Setup
30.On the power meter, press the dBm mode key. Record the power
meter reading in dBm.
Power Meter Reading____________________dBm
31.Subtract the Corrected Insertion Loss (step 23) from the power
meter reading (step 25) and record as the CAL OUT power. The CAL
OUT should be −20 dBm ±0.4 dB.
CAL OUT Power = Power Meter Reading − Corrected Insert Loss
90 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
For example, if the Corrected Insertion Loss is −10.0 dBm, and the
measuring receiver reading is −30 dBm, then −30 dBm − (−10.0)
dBm = −20 dBm.
CAL OUT Power____________________dBm
32.Adjust A9R19 CAL OUT ADJ accordingly if the CAL OUT amplitude
is not −20 dBm ±0.4 dB as calculated in step 26.
Chapter 2 91
Making Adjustments
14. Comb Generator
14. Comb Generator

The output signal from the A3A1 comb generator assembly, with the
Step Recovery Diode Module (SRD) disconnected, is adjusted for
maximum peak-to-peak voltage. A3A1C5 FREQ is centered, and the
comb generator frequency is measured with a frequency counter. If the
measured frequency is not 100.000 MHz ±0.0004 MHz, A3A1L3 is
selected to bring the frequency within tolerance.
The comb generator signal is adjusted for maximum output power as
measured with a measuring receiver (used as a power meter). If the
amplitude is not +26.0 ±0.8 dBm, A3A1R6 is selected to bring the
amplitude within tolerance.
A3A1C5 FREQ is adjusted for a comb generator frequency of
100.000000 MHz ±0.000010 MHz (tolerance of ±10 Hz).
Equipment Required
Oscilloscope
Frequency counter
Power sensor, 300 MHz
Attenuator, 20 dB
Cable, SMA, 90 cm (36 in.)
Cable, BMC, 120 cm (48 in.)
Adapter, Type N (m) to SMA (f)
Adapter, Type N (f) to Type N (f)
92 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
14. Comb Generator
Figure 2-25 Comb Generator Adjustment Location
Procedure
assembly.
2. Remove the front-end assembly. Refer to the “Front-End Assembly”
removal procedure.
3. Remove the A3A1 comb generator assembly from the front-end
assembly and place in a service position, leaving W13 connected to
the A7 Analog Interface.
4. Remove W24 from the A3A1J1 comb generator output connector.
Connect the SMA cable to A3A1J1. Refer to Figure 2-25.
AUX CTRL, COMB GEN ON OFF (ON)
Chapter 2 93
Making Adjustments
14. Comb Generator
Frequency
7. Connect the other end of the SMA cable to the 20 dB attenuator.
Connect the output of the 20 dB attenuator to the 10 Hz to 500 MHz
input of the frequency counter using adapters and the BNC cable.
8. Adjust A3A1C5 FREQ for 100.000000 MHz ±0.00004 MHz. Refer to
Figure 2-25 for adjustment location.
9. Disconnect the BNC cable from the frequency counter and 20 dB
attenuator, then connect the BNC cable to CH1 of the oscilloscope.
Set the oscilloscope by activating AUTOSCALE, located under the
setup key.
10.Adjust both A3A1C15 OUTPUT MATCH and A3A1C3 OSC PEAK
for maximum peak-to-peak voltage on the oscilloscope display.
11.Reconnect the BNC cable through the 20 dB attenuator to the
frequency counter input. The comb generator frequency must be
100.000000 MHz ±0.00004 MHz.
12.Repeat step 8 to step 11 until the frequency is within specification.
13.Perform the following steps only if the comb generator frequency
cannot be brought within tolerance with the output power peaked.
• Set the LINE switch to OFF and remove the power cord. Remove
the A3A1 comb generator cover plate.
• Change the selected value of A3A1L3 to obtain an output
frequency of 100.000500 MHz ±0.004 MHz with A3A1C5 FREQ
centered.
Increasing the value of A3A1L3 increases the output frequency of
the comb generator. The frequency of the oscillator decreases
about 500 Hz when the cover plate is installed. Refer to
Figure 2-26 for component location.
Figure 2-26 Comb Generator Component Location
94 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
14. Comb Generator
• Each time the value of A3A1L3 is changed, reconnect the power

cord, set the LINE switch to ON, and adjust A3A1C3 OSC PEAK
for maximum signal. The output frequency changes when
A3A1C3 OSC PEAK is adjusted. Reinstall the comb generator
cover plate and repeat step 8 to step 12.
Output Power
14.Zero and calibrate the power sensor/measuring receiver combination
in log mode (power reads out in dBm). Enter the power sensor
0.1 GHz cal factor into the measuring receiver.
15.Connect the power sensor to the output of the 20 dB attenuator
using an adapter.
16.Adjust A3A1C15 OUTPUT MATCH for maximum power output.
The measuring receiver should measure +6 dBm ±0.8 dB.
17.If the output power of the comb generator is out of tolerance,
perform the following:
• Set the LINE switch to OFF, remove the power cord, and remove
the A3A1 comb generator cover plate.
• Change the selected value of A3A1R6 to obtain an output power
reading of +6.0 dBm ±0.8 dB. Increasing the value of A3A1R6
decreases the output power of the comb generator, while
decreasing the value increases the output power. Refer to Figure
2-26 for component location.
• Each time the value of A3A1R6 is changed, reconnect the power
cord, set the LINE switch to ON, and adjust A3A1C16 OUTPUT
MATCH for maximum power out.
18.Reinstall the comb generator assembly cover plate and all the
screws. Connect a BNC cable from the 20 dB attenuator to the
frequency counter input using adapters.
19.Adjust A3A1C5 FREQ for a frequency counter reading of
100.000000 MHz ±0.000010 MHz (tolerance of ±10 Hz).
20.Set the LINE switch to OFF and reconnect W24 to A3A1J1.
21.Reinstall A3A1 comb generator assembly into RF Section. Refer to
the A3A1 comb generator assembly replacement procedure.
22.Reinstall the front-end assembly in the analyzer. Refer to the
“Front-End Assembly” replacement procedure.
Chapter 2 95
Making Adjustments
15. Frequency Response of the 8590L, 8591C, and 8591E
15. Frequency Response of

the 8590L, 8591C, and 8591E
The frequency response (flatness) of the analyzer is measured with the
corrections off. The source is adjusted to place the displayed signal at
the analyzer center horizontal graticule line.
The flatness data is then entered into the analyzer using the SERVICE
CAL functions. The error corrections are stored in battery backed RAM
on the A16 processor/video assembly.
For analyzers equipped with 75 Ω inputs, the 50 Ω system is
characterized before starting the “Frequency Response” adjustment
procedure.
Equipment Required
Synthesized sweeper
Frequency synthesizer
Power sensor, 1 MHz to 1.8 GHz
Power splitter
Adapter, Type N (f) to APC 3.5 (m)
Adapter, Type N (m) to Type N (m)
Cable, BNC, 122 cm (48 in.)
Cable, Type N, 183 cm (72 in.)
Additional Equipment for 75 Ω Inputs

Power meter
Power sensor, 75 Ω
Cable, BNC, 120 cm (48 in) 75 Ω
Adapter, Type N (f) 75 Ω to Type N (m) 50 Ω
Adapter, Type N (m) to BNC (m), 75 Ω
96 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
Procedure for System Characterization (75 Ω

input)
1. Zero and calibrate the measuring receiver and 1 MHz to 1.8 GHz
power sensor as described in the measuring receiver operation
manual.
2. Zero and calibrate the power meter and the 75 Ω power sensor as
3. Press INSTRUMENT PRESET on the synthesized sweeper. Set the
synthesized sweeper controls as follows:
CW .................................................................. 41 MHz
FREQ STEP ................................................... 37 MHz
POWER LEVEL ............................................... 5 dBm
Figure 2-27 System Characterization Test Setup for 75 Ω inputs

5. Adjust the synthesized sweeper POWER LEVEL for a 0 dBm

reading on the measuring receiver.
6. Record the power meter reading in Column 4 of Table 2-6, taking
into account the cal factors of both power sensors.
Chapter 2 97
Making Adjustments
7. On the synthesized sweeper, press CW and STEP UP, to step

through the remaining frequencies listed in Table 2-6.
At each new frequency repeat step 5 and step 6, and enter each
power sensor cal factor into the respective power meter.
Procedure
power sensor in log mode as described in the measuring receiver
operation manual.
Figure 2-28 Frequency Response Setup

CW ................................................................ 300 MHz
FREQ STEP ................................................... 37 MHz
POWER LEVEL ............................................. −9 dBm
98 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
4. On the analyzer, press the following keys.

PRESET
CAL, More 1 of 4
FREQUENCY, 300, MHz
CF STEP AUTO MAN, 37, MHz
SPAN, 12, MHz
75 Ω input: press AMPLITUDE, More 1 of 2, AMPTD UNITS, dBm

SCALE LOG LIN (LOG), 1, dB
BW, 1, MHz
PEAK SEARCH
5. Adjust the synthesized sweeper POWER LEVEL for a MKR-TRK

amplitude reading of −14 dBm ±0.1 dB.
6. Press RATIO mode on the measuring receiver.
FREQUENCY, 41, MHz
8. Set the synthesized sweeper CW to 41 MHz.

9. Adjust the synthesized sweeper POWER LEVEL for an analyzer
MKR-TRK amplitude reading of −14 dBm ±0.1 dB.
10.Record the power ratio here and in Column 2 of Table 2-6 for
41 MHz.
Measuring Receiver Reading at 41 MHz____________________dB
FREQUENCY, 78, MHz
12.Set the synthesized sweeper CW to 78 MHz.

13.Adjust the synthesized sweeper POWER LEVEL for an analyzer
14.Record the power ratio displayed on the measuring receiver in
Column 2 of Table 2-6 for 78 MHz.
Chapter 2 99
Making Adjustments
15.On the analyzer, press FREQUENCY and ⇑ (step up), to step through
the remaining frequencies listed in Column 1 of Table 2-6. At each
new frequency repeat step 13 to step 15, entering the power sensor
Cal Factor into the measuring receiver as indicated in Column 3 of
Table 2-6.
16.On the synthesized sweeper, press CW and STEP UP.
Frequency Response Error At 4 MHz

17.Using a cable, connect the frequency synthesizer directly to the
INPUT 50Ω. See Figure 2-29. For 75 Ω inputs use a 75 Ω cable to
connect the frequency synthesizer 75Ω OUTPUT to the INPUT 75Ω
of the analyzer. Set the frequency synthesizer 50–75 Ω switch to the
75 Ω position. See Figure 2-29.
Figure 2-29 Frequency Response for 4 MHz Setup

100 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
18.Set the frequency synthesizer controls as follows:

FREQUENCY ................................................ 41 MHz
AMPLITUDE ................................................ −15 dBm
AMPTD INCR ................................................. 0.05 dB
MKR, MARKER 1 ON OFF (OFF)
SPAN, 12, MHz
FREQUENCY, 41, MHz
PEAK SEARCH
BW, 10, kHz
SPAN, 100, kHz

20.Adjust the frequency synthesizer AMPLITUDE until the MKR-TRK
reads −14 dBm. This corresponds to the amplitude at 41 MHz
recorded in step 10. Record the frequency synthesizer amplitude
here.
AMPLITUDE setting (41 MHz)____________________dBm
21.Set the frequency synthesizer FREQUENCY to 4 MHz.
22.AUTO ZOOM on the 4 MHz signal by pressing the following analyzer
keys.
FREQUENCY, 4, MHz
MKR, MKR FCTN, MK TRACK ON OFF (OFF)

FREQUENCY, 4, MHz
SPAN, 12, MHz
PEAK SEARCH, NEXT PK RIGHT
SPAN, 100, kHz
Chapter 2 101
Making Adjustments
23.Adjust the frequency synthesizer AMPLITUDE for a MKR

amplitude reading of −14.00 dBm±.05 dB. Record the frequency
synthesizer AMPLITUDE setting here.
AMPLITUDE setting (4 MHz)____________________dBm
24.Subtract the frequency synthesizer AMPLITUDE setting (4 MHz)
recorded in step 23 from the frequency synthesizer AMPLITUDE
setting (41 MHz) recorded in step 20. Record the result as the
Amplitude Relative to 41 MHz here.
4 MHz Amplitude Relative to 41 MHz____________________dBm
25.Add the result from step 24 to the reading from step 10 and enter
that result in Column 2 of Table 2-6 (Option 001 only: Column 5) as
the 4 MHz error (relative to 300 MHz).
75 Ω input only: Starting with the error at 41 MHz, add Column 3
(System Error) to Column 2 (Error Relative to 300 MHz) and record
the result in Column 5 (Corrected Error Relative to 300 MHz).
Entering Flatness Correction Data

26.Enter the pass code by pressing the following analyzer keys.
PRESET
75 Ω input only: AMPLITUDE, More 1 of 2, AMPTD UNITS, dBm

27.To access the flatness correction menu, press the following analyzer
keys.
SERVICE CAL
FLATNESS DATA
Perform the next step only if all the flatness correction data must be
replaced in memory due to the repair or replacement of the A16
processor/video assembly.
102 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
28.To initialize the area of memory where the flatness correction data is
stored, press the following keys.
INIT FLT
PRESET

SERVICE CAL
FLATNESS DATA
29.To enter flatness corrections, press EDIT FLATNESS.

30.The frequency of the first data point, 4.00 MHz, will be displayed in
the active function block of the analyzer display.
31.Use the data keys on the analyzer to enter the amplitude value for
4 MHz from Column 2 of Table 2-6 (75 Ω input: Column 5),
Frequency Response Errors. Terminate the entry with the dB key.
When entering negative amplitude values, precede the numeric
entry with the − and dB keys or the −dB key.
The BK SP (backspace) key may be used to correct any entry if the
terminator, dB or −dB key has not been pressed. Re-enter the data if
the terminator has been pressed.
32.Press ⇑ (step-up key) and enter the data from Table 2-6, Column 2
(75 Ω input: Column 5) for the next data point as described in
step 30.
33.Repeat step 30 for the remaining flatness correction data points
listed in Table 2-6.
At each point, verify that the frequency listed in the active function
block corresponds to the frequency at which the data was taken. If
these two frequencies do not correspond, press ⇑ (step up) or ⇓ (step
down) until the proper frequency is displayed in the active function
block.
If some data is incorrect after entering all of the data from Table 2-6,
select the incorrect data point using ⇑ (step up) or ⇓ (step down) and
re-enter the proper data.
34.After all corrections have been input, press the STORE FLATNESS
softkey to store the correction data in nonvolatile memory. The
instrument will automatically preset and display CAL: DONE in the
active function block of the analyzer.
Chapter 2 103
Making Adjustments
Table 2-6 Frequency Response Errors
Column 1 Column 2 Column 3 Column 4 Column 5
Frequency Error Relative Sensor (75 Ω inputs) (75 Ω inputs)

(MHz) to 300 MHz CAL FACTOR System Error Corrected Error
(dB) (GHz) (dB) Relative to
300 MHz (dB)
4 _______________ N/A N/A _______________
41 _______________ 0.03 _______________ _______________
78 _______________ 0.1 _______________ _______________
115 _______________ 0.1 _______________ _______________
152 _______________ 0.1 _______________ _______________
189 _______________ 0.3 _______________ _______________
226 _______________ 0.3 _______________ _______________
263 _______________ 0.3 _______________ _______________
300 _______________ 0.3 _______________ _______________
337 _______________ 0.3 _______________ _______________
374 _______________ 0.3 _______________ _______________
411 _______________ 0.3 _______________ _______________
448 _______________ 0.3 _______________ _______________
485 _______________ 0.3 _______________ _______________
522 _______________ 0.3 _______________ _______________
559 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
596 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
633 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
670 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
707 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
744 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
781 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
818 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
855 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
892 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
104 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
Table 2-6 Frequency Response Errors (Continued)

300 MHz (dB)
929 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
966 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
1003 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
1040 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
1077 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
1114 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
1151 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
1188 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
1225 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
1262 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
1299 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
1336 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
1373 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
1410 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
1447 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
1484 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
1521 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
1558 _______________ 2.0 _______________ _______________
1595 _______________ 2.0 _______________ _______________
1632 _______________ 2.0 _______________ _______________
1669 _______________ 2.0 _______________ _______________
1706 _______________ 2.0 _______________ _______________
1743 _______________ 2.0 _______________ _______________
1780 _______________ 2.0 _______________ _______________
1817 _______________ 2.0 _______________ _______________
Chapter 2 105
Making Adjustments
16. Frequency Response of the 8592L/94L, 8593E/94E/95E/96E, and 8594Q
16. Frequency Response of the 8592L/94L,

8593E/94E/95E/96E, and 8594Q
8594Q QAM analyzer
Use the following table to determine which bands are measured and
adjusted for your analyzer.
Table 2-7 Analyzer Bands Measured and Adjusted
Analyzer Model Frequency Bands
Range
8592L 22.0 GHz 0 through 4
8592L (Option 026) 26.5 GHz 0 through 4
(Option 027) 26.5 GHz 0 through 4
8593E 22.0 GHz 0 through 4
8593E (Option 026) 26.5 GHz 0 through 4
(Option 027) 26.5 GHz 0 through 4
8594E 2.9 GHz 0 only
8594L 2.9 GHz 0 only
8594Q 2.9 GHz 0 only
8595E 6.5 GHz 0 and 1
8596E 12.8 GHz 0 through 2
The frequency response (flatness) of the analyzer is measured with

corrections off. The source amplitude is adjusted for a marker
amplitude reading which is dependent upon the harmonic number of
the band being measured. This is necessary since the source and power
meter combination does not have sufficient dynamic range to measure
the uncorrected frequency response.
The difference between the “target” marker amplitudes is taken into
account when calculating the uncorrected flatness. The flatness data is
then entered into the analyzer using the SERVICE CAL functions. The
error corrections are stored in battery backed RAM on the A16
106 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
Equipment Required
Synthesized sweeper
Power splitter
Adapter, Type N (m) to APC 3.5 (m)
Adapter, APC 3.5 (f) to APC 3.5 (f)
Cable, APC 3.5, 91 cm (36 in.)
Procedure
Measuring Uncorrected Flatness
operation manual.
Figure 2-30 Frequency Response Setup
Chapter 2 107
Making Adjustments

CW ................................................................ 300 MHz
FREQ STEP ................................................... 72 MHz
POWER LEVEL ............................................. −3 dBm
4. To enter band 0, press the following analyzer keys.
PRESET
CAL, More 1 of 4
FREQUENCY, BAND LOCK, 0 - 2.9 Gz BAND 0

(Skip these key presses for the 8594E, 8594L and 8594Q
analyzers.)
5. Set the analyzer controls by pressing the following keys.
FREQUENCY, 300, MHz
CF STEP AUTO MAN (MAN), 72, MHz
SPAN, 10, MHz
AMPLITUDE, 0, dBm
BW, 1, MHz
PEAK SEARCH
MKR FCTN, MKR TRACK ON OFF (ON)
6. Adjust the synthesized sweeper POWER LEVEL for a MKR-TRK

amplitude reading of −9 dBm ±0.1 dB on the analyzer.
7. Press RATIO on the measuring receiver.
Band 0
8. Set the synthesized sweeper CW to 12 MHz.
FREQUENCY, 12, MHz
10.Adjust the synthesized sweeper POWER LEVEL for a MKR-TRK

Column 2 of Table 2-8.
12.On the synthesized sweeper, press CW and ⇑ (step-up key).
108 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
13.On the analyzer, press the following keys.

FREQUENCY, ⇑
14.Step through the remaining frequencies listed in Table 2-8. At each

new frequency, repeat step 10 to step 13 and enter the appropriate
power sensor cal factor into the measuring receiver as listed in
Adjustment for the 8594E and 8594L spectrum analyzer and 8594Q
QAM analyzer is complete. Continue with “Entering Flatness
Correction Data” at the end of this adjustment.
Continue with the next step for all other analyzers.
Band 1
15.Replace the 1 MHz to 2.9 GHz power sensor with the 50 MHz to
26.5 GHz power sensor.
16.Calibrate the measuring receiver and 50 MHz to 26.5 GHz power
sensor combination in log mode.
17.Set the synthesized sweeper CW to 300 MHz.
FREQUENCY, 300, MHz

20.Press RATIO on the measuring receiver.
21.To enter band 1, press the following analyzer keys.
FREQUENCY, BAND LOCK, 2.75 - 6.4 BAND 1
22.Set the analyzer controls by pressing the following keys.

FREQUENCY, 2.75, GHz
CF STEP AUTO MAN (MAN), 234.9, MHz
SPAN, 10, MHz
BW, 1, MHz
23.Set the synthesized sweeper CW to 2.75 GHz and FREQ STEP to

234.3 MHz.
PEAK SEARCH
AMPLITUDE, PRESEL PEAK
Chapter 2 109
Making Adjustments

FREQUENCY, ⇑

Column 3 of Table 2-9.Adjustment for the 8595E spectrum analyzer
is complete. Continue with “Entering Flatness Correction Data” at
the end of the adjustment.
Band 2
FREQUENCY, BAND LOCK, 6.0-12.8 BAND 2
31.Set the analyzer controls by pressing the following keys.

FREQUENCY, 6.2, GHz
SPAN, 10, MHz
BW, 1, MHz

184 MHz.
PEAK SEARCH

35.Add 6 dB to the power ratio displayed on the measuring receiver and
record the result in Table 2-11.
For example, if the power ratio displayed on the measuring receiver
is +2.8 dB, enter 8.8 dB (Error = 2.8 dB + 6.0 dB = 8.8 dB). The 6 dB
correction comes from the difference between the MKR-TRK
amplitudes set in step 6 (−9 dBm) and step 34 (−15 dBm).
110 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments

FREQUENCY, ⇑

Adjustment for the 8596E spectrum analyzer is complete. Continue
with “Entering Flatness Correction Data” at the end of this
adjustment.
Band 3
FREQUENCY, BAND LOCK, 12.4-19. BAND 3
40.Set the controls of the analyzer by pressing the following keys.

CF STEP AUTO MAN, (MAN) 230, MHz
SPAN, 10, MHz
BW, 1, MHz

230 MHz.
PEAK SEARCH

44.Add 11 dB to the power ratio displayed on the measuring receiver
and record the result in Table 2-11. For example, if the power ratio
displayed on the measuring receiver is 6.7 dB, enter 17.7 dB (Error =
6.7 dB + 11.0 dB = 17.7 dB). The 11 dB correction comes from the
difference between the MKR-TRK amplitudes set in step 6 (−9 dBm)
and step 43 (−20 dBm).
Chapter 2 111
Making Adjustments

FREQUENCY, ⇑

Band 4
MKR, MARKERS OFF
SPAN, BAND LOCK, 19.1-22 BAND 4
Option 026 only: 19.1-26.5 BAND 4

49.Set the controls on the analyzer by pressing the following keys.
Option 026 only: 148 MHz

SPAN, 5, MHz
BW, 1, MHz
VID BW AUTO MAN (MAN), 300, Hz

150 MHz (Option 026: 148 MHz).
PEAK SEARCH

53.Add 25 dB to the power ratio displayed on the measuring receiver
and record the result in Table 2-12 (Option 026: Table 2-13).
For example, if the power ratio displayed on the measuring receiver
is −3.4 dB, enter 21.6 dB (Error = −3.4 dB + 25.0 dB = 21.6 dB). The
25 dB correction comes from the difference between the MKR-TRK
amplitudes set in step 6 (−9 dBm) and step 52 (−34 dBm).
112 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments

MKR, MARKERS OFF
FREQUENCY, ⇑
56.Step through the remaining frequencies listed in Table 2-12

(Option 026: Table 2-13). At each new frequency, repeat step 51 to
step 55 and enter the appropriate power sensor cal factor into the
measuring receiver as listed in Column 2 of Table 2-12 (Option 026:
Table 2-13).
Adjustment for the 8592L and 8593E spectrum analyzers is
complete. Continue with the next step.

PRESET
keys.
SERVICE CAL
FLATNESS DATA
CAUTION The next step will erase all current flatness correction. This step is to be
performed only if the A16 processor/video assembly has been repaired
or replace.
59.Initialize the area of memory where the flatness correction data is

stored, by pressing the following keys.
INIT FLT 22 GHz For Option 026, 027 only: Use INIT FLT 26.5 GHz
PRESET
SERVICE CAL
FLATNESS DATA
60.Enter the flatness corrections, by pressing EDIT FLATNESS.

Chapter 2 113
Making Adjustments
12 MHz from Column 2 of Table 2-8, Frequency Response Errors.
Terminate the entry with the dB key. When entering negative
amplitude values, precede the numeric entry with the − and dB keys
or the −dB key.
Note that the BK SP (backspace) key may be used to correct any
entry if the terminator, dB or −dB key has not been pressed. Re-enter
the data if the terminator has been pressed.
63.Press ⇑ (step-up key) and enter the data from Column 2 of the
“Frequency Response Errors” tables for the next data point as
described in step 61.
listed in the “Frequency Response Errors” tables. At each point,
verify that the frequency listed in the active function block
corresponds to the frequency at which the data was taken. If these
two frequencies do not correspond, press ⇑ (step up) or ⇓ (step down)
until the proper frequency is displayed in the active function block.
If some data is incorrect after entering all of the data from the
“Frequency Response Errors” tables, select the incorrect data point
using ⇑ (step up) or ⇓ (step down) and re-enter the proper data.
65.After all corrections have been input, press STORE FLATNESS to
store the correction data in nonvolatile memory. The instrument will
automatically preset and display CAL: DONE in the active function
block of the analyzer.
114 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
Column 1 Frequency Column 2 Column 3

(GHz) Measuring Receiver CAL FACTOR
Reading (dB) Frequency (GHz)
Frequency Response Errors Band 0
0.012 _____________________ 0.05
0.084 _____________________ 0.05
0.156 _____________________ 0.05
0.228 _____________________ 0.05
0.300 _____________________ 0.05
0.372 _____________________ 0.05
0.444 _____________________ 0.05
0.516 _____________________ 0.05
0.588 _____________________ 0.05
0.660 _____________________ 0.05
0.732 _____________________ 0.05
0.804 _____________________ 0.05
0.876 _____________________ 0.05
0.948 _____________________ 0.05
1.020 _____________________ 0.05
1.092 _____________________ 2.0
1.164 _____________________ 2.0
1.236 _____________________ 2.0
1.308 _____________________ 2.0
1.380 _____________________ 2.0
1.452 _____________________ 2.0
1.524 _____________________ 2.0
Chapter 2 115
Making Adjustments

1.596 _____________________ 2.0
1.668 _____________________ 2.0
1.740 _____________________ 2.0
1.812 _____________________ 2.0
1.884 _____________________ 2.0
1.956 _____________________ 2.0
2.028 _____________________ 2.0
2.100 _____________________ 2.0
2.172 _____________________ 2.0
2.244 _____________________ 2.0
2.316 _____________________ 2.0
2.388 _____________________ 2.0
2.460 _____________________ 2.0
2.532 _____________________ 3.0
2.604 _____________________ 3.0
2.676 _____________________ 3.0
2.748 _____________________ 3.0
2.820 _____________________ 3.0
2.892 _____________________ 3.0
6.100 _____________________ 6.0
6.284 _____________________ 6.0
6.468 _____________________ 6.0
6.652 _____________________ 7.0
6.836 _____________________ 7.0
7.020 _____________________ 7.0
7.204 _____________________ 7.0
116 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments

7.388 _____________________ 7.0
7.572 _____________________ 8.0
7.756 _____________________ 8.0
7.940 _____________________ 8.0
8.124 _____________________ 8.0
8.308 _____________________ 8.0
8.492 _____________________ 8.0
8.676 _____________________ 9.0
8.860 _____________________ 9.0
9.044 _____________________ 9.0
9.228 _____________________ 9.0
9.412 _____________________ 9.0
9.596 _____________________ 10.0
9.780 _____________________ 10.0
9.964 _____________________ 10.0
10.148 _____________________ 10.0
10.332 _____________________ 10.0
10.516 _____________________ 11.0
10.700 _____________________ 11.0
10.884 _____________________ 11.0
11.068 _____________________ 11.0
11.252 _____________________ 11.0
11.436 _____________________ 11.0
11.620 _____________________ 12.0
11.804 _____________________ 12.0
11.988 _____________________ 12.0
12.172 _____________________ 12.0
Chapter 2 117
Making Adjustments

12.356 _____________________ 12.0
12.540 _____________________ 13.0
12.724 _____________________ 13.0
6.100 _____________________ 6.0
6.284 _____________________ 6.0
6.468 _____________________ 6.0
6.652 _____________________ 7.0
6.836 _____________________ 7.0
7.020 _____________________ 7.0
7.204 _____________________ 7.0
7.388 _____________________ 7.0
7.572 _____________________ 8.0
7.756 _____________________ 8.0
7.940 _____________________ 8.0
8.124 _____________________ 8.0
8.308 _____________________ 8.0
8.492 _____________________ 8.0
8.676 _____________________ 9.0
8.860 _____________________ 9.0
9.044 _____________________ 9.0
9.228 _____________________ 9.0
9.412 _____________________ 9.0
9.596 _____________________ 10.0
9.780 _____________________ 10.0
9.964 _____________________ 10.0
10.148 _____________________ 10.0
118 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments

10.332 _____________________ 10.0
10.516 _____________________ 11.0
10.700 _____________________ 11.0
10.884 _____________________ 11.0
11.068 _____________________ 11.0
11.252 _____________________ 11.0
11.436 _____________________ 11.0
11.620 _____________________ 12.0
11.804 _____________________ 12.0
11.988 _____________________ 12.0
12.172 _____________________ 12.0
12.356 _____________________ 12.0
12.540 _____________________ 13.0
12.724 _____________________ 13.0
12.450 _____________________ 12.0
12.680 _____________________ 13.0
12.910 _____________________ 13.0
13.140 _____________________ 13.0
13.370 _____________________ 13.0
13.600 _____________________ 14.0
13.830 _____________________ 14.0
14.060 _____________________ 14.0
14.290 _____________________ 14.0
14.520 _____________________ 15.0
14.750 _____________________ 15.0
14.980 _____________________ 15.0
Chapter 2 119
Making Adjustments

15.210 _____________________ 15.0
15.440 _____________________ 15.0
15.670 _____________________ 16.0
15.900 _____________________ 16.0
16.130 _____________________ 16.0
16.360 _____________________ 16.0
16.590 _____________________ 17.0
16.820 _____________________ 17.0
17.050 _____________________ 17.0
17.280 _____________________ 17.0
17.510 _____________________ 18.0
17.740 _____________________ 18.0
17.970 _____________________ 18.0
18.200 _____________________ 18.0
18.430 _____________________ 18.0
18.660 _____________________ 19.0
18.890 _____________________ 19.0
19.120 _____________________ 19.0
19.350 _____________________ 19.0
19.150 _____________________ 19.0
19.300 _____________________ 19.0
19.450 _____________________ 19.0
19.600 _____________________ 20.0
19.750 _____________________ 20.0
19.900 _____________________ 20.0
20.050 _____________________ 20.0
120 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments

20.200 _____________________ 20.0
20.350 _____________________ 20.0
20.500 _____________________ 20.0
20.650 _____________________ 21.0
20.800 _____________________ 21.0
20.950 _____________________ 21.0
21.100 _____________________ 21.0
21.250 _____________________ 21.0
21.400 _____________________ 21.0
21.550 _____________________ 22.0
21.700 _____________________ 22.0
21.850 _____________________ 22.0
22.000 _____________________ 22.0
Frequency Response Errors Band 4 (Option 026)
19.100 _____________________ 19.0
19.248 _____________________ 19.0
19.396 _____________________ 19.0
19.544 _____________________ 20.0
19.692 _____________________ 20.0
19.840 _____________________ 20.0
19.988 _____________________ 20.0
20.136 _____________________ 20.0
20.284 _____________________ 20.0
20.432 _____________________ 20.0
20.580 _____________________ 21.0
20.728 _____________________ 21.0
20.876 _____________________ 21.0
Chapter 2 121
Making Adjustments

21.024 _____________________ 21.0
21.172 _____________________ 21.0
21.320 _____________________ 21.0
21.468 _____________________ 21.0
21.616 _____________________ 22.0
21.764 _____________________ 22.0
21.912 _____________________ 22.0
22.060 _____________________ 22.0
22.208 _____________________ 22.0
22.356 _____________________ 22.0
22.504 _____________________ 23.0
22.652 _____________________ 23.0
22.800 _____________________ 23.0
22.948 _____________________ 23.0
23.096 _____________________ 23.0
23.244 _____________________ 23.0
23.392 _____________________ 23.0
23.540 _____________________ 24.0
23.688 _____________________ 24.0
23.836 _____________________ 24.0
23.984 _____________________ 24.0
24.132 _____________________ 24.0
24.280 _____________________ 24.0
24.428 _____________________ 24.0
24.576 _____________________ 25.0
24.724 _____________________ 25.0
24.872 _____________________ 25.0
122 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments

25.020 _____________________ 25.0
25.168 _____________________ 25.0
25.316 _____________________ 25.0
25.464 _____________________ 25.0
25.612 _____________________ 26.0
25.760 _____________________ 26.0
25.908 _____________________ 26.0
26.056 _____________________ 26.0
26.204 _____________________ 26.0
26.352 _____________________ 26.5
26.500 _____________________ 26.5
Chapter 2 123
Making Adjustments
17. Time and Date
17. Time and Date

8594Q QAM analyzers
The time and date are displayed in the top left corner of the display
when the timedate mode is activated. The time and date are changed
using the front-panel keys.
Procedure
1. To turn the time and date ON or OFF, press the following analyzer
keys.
CONFIG
TIMEDATE
TIMEDATE ON OFF (ON) or (OFF) as desired
The time and date will be displayed in the top-left corner with ON
underlined.
2. The time and date may be displayed as month, day, and year (MDY)
or as day, month, and year (DMY). To change the display, press the
CONFIG
TIMEDATE
DATEMODE MDY DMY (MDY) or (DMY) as desired
3. To change the date, press the following analyzer keys.

CONFIG
TIMEDATE
SET DATE
The active function block of the analyzer will display YYMMDD (year,
month, and day). Use the data keys on the analyzer to enter the
correct date as YYMMDD. Terminate the entry with one of the ENTER
data keys.
124 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
17. Time and Date
To change the time, press the following analyzer keys.

CONFIG
TIMEDATE
SET TIME
The active function block of the analyzer will display HHMMSS (hours,
minutes, and seconds). Use the data keys on the analyzer to enter the
correct time as HHMMSS. Terminate the entry with an ENTER data key.
Chapter 2 125
Making Adjustments
18. Modulator Offset and Gain for Option 010 or 011
18. Modulator Offset and Gain for

Option 010 or 011
8590L spectrum analyzers, Option 010 or 011
8591E spectrum analyzers, Option 010 or 011
8591C cable TV analyzers, Option 011
The gain and offset of the modulator is adjusted with the internal
Automatic Level Control disabled. The modulator test point on the
A7A1 tracking generator control assembly is multiplexed onto test
point A7TP2 located on the A7 Analog Interface assembly. This is done
by executing the command MOD_TP in screen title mode.
Equipment Required
DMM test leads
Adapter, Type N (m) to BNC (f) (two required)
Cable, BNC, 50 Ω

Cable, BNC, 75 Ω
Procedure
1. Switch the analyzer on and let it warm up 30 minutes.
2. Connect the BNC cable to the analyzer CAL OUT to the RF INPUT
connector.

3. Press PRESET, then perform the CAL AMPTD and CAL FREQ
adjustment routines. Refer to “CAL AMPTD Adjustment Routine”
and “CAL FREQ Adjustment Routine” procedures.
It is normal for FREQ UNCAL to appear on the display. This will
disappear after the CAL routines are finished.
126 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
Note that if the display shows CAL SIGNAL NOT FOUND, the routines
default settings are not sufficient to find the signal. Press FREQ, −37,
Hz before performing the CAL routines. This causes the routines to
bypass the CAL signal check.
4. Press CAL STORE on the analyzer.

5. Connect the analyzer RF OUT to the RF INPUT using a BNC cable

and adapters.
6. Perform the tracking generator self-cal routine by pressing the
CAL, More 1 of 4, More 2 of 4, CAL TRK GEN
Wait for the completion of the routine (less than 1 minute).

7. Press CAL STORE.
8. Press PRESET, then wait for preset routine to finish. Set the
analyzer by pressing the following keys.
FREQUENCY, 300, MHz
SPAN, 0, Hz
75 Ω only: Press AMPLITUDE, More 1 of 2, AMPTD UNITS, dBm.

Set the analyzer reference level to +12 dBm.
AUX CTRL, TRACK GENSRC PWR ON OFF (ON)

SERVICE DIAG, More 1, More 2, More 3, More 4, More 5
ALC TEST
This breaks the ALC loop, causing TG UNLVL to appear on the screen;
this is normal.
10.Connect the ground (−) lead of the DMM to A7TP1. Connect the
positive (+) lead to A7TP2.
11.Adjust A7A1R43 and A7A1R49 fully clockwise.
12.Connect the MOD_TP test point, located on the A7A1 tracking
generator control assembly, to A7TP2 by pressing DISPLAY, CHANGE
TITLE, then type in the following:
DET TGMOD;
Chapter 2 127
Making Adjustments
13.Press the following analyzer keys to execute the screen title

command.
SERVICE CAL
EXECUTE TITLE
Note that TGMOD should appear in the upper-left screen annotation

below REF.
AMPLITUDE, SCALE LOG LIN (LOG), 1, dB
AUX CTRL, TRACK GEN, SRC PWR ON OFF (ON)
15.Adjust the front-panel knob for 0.0 V ±0.01 V on the DMM, then
press the following keys.
TRACE,CLEAR WRITE A, More 1 of 3, DETECTOR SAMPL PK (PK)
MKR, MARKER ∆
16.Adjust A7A1R49 so that the MKR reading drops approximately 0.1

to 0.15 dB.
MKR, MARKER ∆, MARKER ∆
CAL, More 1 of 4, More 2 of 4, SERVICE CAL, EXECUTE TITLE
AMPLITUDE, SCALE LOG LIN (LOG) 10 dB
AUX CTRL, TRACK GEN, SRC PWR ON OFF (ON)
18.Adjust the front-panel knob for −1.0 V ±0.01 V measured with the
DMM, then press the following analyzer keys.
TRACE, CLEAR WRITE A, More 1 OF 4, DETECTOR SAMPL PK (PK)
19.Adjust A7A1R43 so that the MARKER DELTA reading is −33 dB

±0.5 dB.
20.Press PRESET, then wait for the preset routine to finish.
21.Perform the tracking generator self-cal routine by pressing the

22.Press CAL STORE.
128 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
19. Entering External ALC Correction Constants for Option 010 or 011
19. Entering External ALC Correction

Constants for Option 010 or 011
External automatic level control (ALC) operation is corrected by
entering the correction constants (CALTGX slope and offset) into
analyzer memory using the EXECUTE TITLE function.
Correction constants that pertain to each tracking generator are
developed at the factory. The two constants are recorded on a label
which is located on the A7A1 tracking generator control board
assembly.
Equipment Required
No equipment is required for this procedure.
Procedure
1. Record the CAL TGX slope and offset numbers (located on the A7A1
assembly) below.
Slope =____________________
Offset =____________________
2. Press the following analyzer keys: DISPLAY, CHANGE TITLE,
More 1 of 2.
3. Enter the CALTGX slope and offset correction constants in the

format CALTGX slope, offset;. For example, a slope of 0.3079 and an
offset of 3095 would be entered as:
CALTGX 0.3079,3095;
Chapter 2 129
Making Adjustments
19. Entering External ALC Correction Constants for Option 010 or 011

CAL, More 1 of 4, More 2 of 4, SERVICE CAL
EXECUTE TITLE CAL, More 1 of 4, More 2 of 4,
SERVICE DIAG, DISPLAY CAL DATA, NEXT PAGE
Verify that the XSLOP and XOFST values are the same as you
entered in step 3.
5. Perform the “Checking the External ALC for Option 010 or 011"
procedure.
130 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
20. Checking the External ALC for Option 010 or 011
20. Checking the External ALC for Option

010 or 011
External automatic level control (ALC) operation is verified by
measuring the power necessary to level the tracking generator at a
source power of 0 dBm and −34 dBV. There are no specifications for this
adjustment. The limit set for verification is ±0.75 dBV.
Note that if the analyzer does not pass this procedure, or if the factory
correction constants are not available, perform the “Correcting for
External ALC Error for Option 010 or 011" procedure in this chapter.
Equipment Required
Power meter
Power sensor, 1 MHz to 350 MHz
Cable, BNC (m) to dual banana plug
Adapter, BNC Tee

Cable, BNC, 75 Ω
Adapter, 75 Ω, Type N (f) to BNC (m)
Chapter 2 131
Making Adjustments
Procedure
1. Switch the analyzer on and let it warm up 30 minutes.
2. Connect the analyzer CAL OUT to the RF INPUT.

3. Press PRESET, then perform the CAL FREQ and CAL AMPTD
adjustment routines. Refer to “CAL FREQ Adjustment Routine” and
“CAL AMPTD Adjustment Routine” procedures.
It is normal for FREQ UNCAL to appear on the display. This will
disappear after the CAL routines are finished.
Note that if the display shows CAL SIGNAL NOT FOUND, the routines
default settings are not sufficient to find the signal. Press FREQ, −37,
Hz before performing the CAL routines. This causes the routines to
bypass the CAL signal check.
4. Press CAL STORE on the analyzer.
5. Connect a BNC cable from the RF INPUT to the RF OUTPUT.
6. Press PRESET, then wait for preset routine to finish.

8. Press CAL STORE.
9. Zero and calibrate the power meter and power sensor as described in
the power meter operation manual.

132 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
Figure 2-31 External ALC Verification Adjustment
10.Connect the equipment as shown in Figure 2-31. For Option 011

only: Use the 75 Ω power sensor with an adapter, instead of the 50 Ω
power sensor.
75 Ω input only: Press AMPLITUDE, More 1 of 2, AMPTD UNITS, dBm.
11.Set the DMM to measure dc volts.
12.Set the analyzer by pressing the following keys.
FREQUENCY, 300, MHz
SPAN, 0, Hz
AUX CTRL, TRACK GEN, SRC PWR ON OFF (ON), 2, −dBm.
13.Ensure that the power meter reads −2 ±2 dB, then press RANGE
HOLD on the power meter.
14.On the analyzer, press More 1 OF 2, ALC MTR INT XTAL (MTR).
15.Adjust the SRC PWR for 0 dBV by turning the front-panel knob on
the analyzer. Note that the display will read the power dBm.
16.Note the voltage on the DMM. This is the error at source power
0 dBV. Record the automatic leveling control (ALC) voltage in the
space provided.
ALC voltage at 0 dBV # = ______________volts dc
Chapter 2 133
Making Adjustments
17.Convert the ALC voltage recorded in the previous step to dBv using
the following equation.
ALC Voltage in dBv = ______________20 log (V)
The calculated ALC voltage, in dBV, should be ≥−0.75 dBV and
≤+0.75 dBV.
18.Adjust the SRC PWR to −34 dBV using the front-panel knob.
(Display reads −34 dBm.)
19.Note the voltage on the DMM. Wait until the reading stabilizes
before recording it in the space provided. This is the error at a source
power of −34 dBV.
ALC voltage at -34 dBV = ______________volts dc
20.Convert the ALC voltage recorded in the previous step using the
following equation.
ALC voltage in fBV = 20 log (V)
The calculated ALC voltage, in dBV, should be greater than or equal

to −34.75 dBV and less than or equal to −33.25 dBV.
134 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
21. Correcting for External ALC Error for Option 010 or 011
21. Correcting for External ALC Error for

Option 010 or 011
External automatic level control (ALC) operation is corrected by
developing two correction constants (CALTGX Slope and Offset).
This procedure is only necessary if the “Checking the External ALC for
Option 010 or 011" procedure does not pass, or if the factory correction
constants are not available.
Equipment Required
Power meter
Cable, BNC (m) to dual banana plug
Adapter, BNC Tee

Cable, BNC, 75 Ω
Adapter, 75 Ω, Type N (f) to BNC (m)
Chapter 2 135
Making Adjustments
Procedure
1. Connect a BNC cable from the RF INPUT to the RF OUTPUT.

2. Press PRESET, then wait for preset routine to finish.


4. Press CAL STORE.
5. Zero and calibrate the power meter and power sensor as described in
the power meter operation manual.

Figure 2-32 External ALC Error Correction Adjustment
136 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
6. Connect the equipment as shown in Figure 2-32. For Option 011

only: Use the 75 Ω power sensor with an adapter, instead of the 50 Ω
power sensor.
Option 011 only: Press AMPLITUDE, More 1 of 2, AMPTD UNITS, dBm.
7. Set the DMM to measure dc volts.
CAUTION The default values must be entered first for the correction procedure to
be successful.
8. Load the default correction constants for Slope and Offset into
nonvolatile memory by performing the following steps.
a. Press the following analyzer keys.
DISPLAY, CHANGE TITLE
b. Enter the following screen title.
CALTGX 0.3079,3095;
c. Press the following analyzer keys.
CAL, More 1 OF 4, More 2 OF 4, SERVICE CAL, EXECUTE TITLE
CAL, More 1 OF 4, More 2 OF 4, SERVICE DIAG, NEXT PAGE
Verify that the XSLOP and XOFST values are the same as you
entered in the previous step.
9. Set the analyzer by pressing the following keys.
FREQUENCY, 300, MHz
SPAN, 0, Hz
AUX CTRL, TRACK GEN, SRC PWR ON OFF (ON), 2, −dBm.
10.Ensure that the power meter reads −2 ±2 dBm. Press RANGE HOLD
on the 436A Power Meter.
11.On the analyzer, press More 1 OF 2, ALC MTR INT XTAL (until MTR is
underlined).
12.Adjust the SRC PWR for 0 dBV as read on the analyzer display. Note
that the display will read the power in dBm.
before recording it in the space provided. This is the ALC voltage at
a source power of 0 dBV (VHigh).
VHigh = ______________volts dc
Chapter 2 137
Making Adjustments
14.Adjust the SRC PWR for −34 dBV as read on the analyzer display.
before recording it in the space provided. This is the ALC voltage at
a source power of −34 dBV (VLow).
VLow = ______________volts dc
16.Calculate the actual slope from the two voltage measurements using
the following equation.
10.47
Slope = --------------------------------
V High
20x log ------------- -
V Low
Slope = ______________
For example, if VHighis 0.949V and VLow is 0.019V, then the slope is
10.47 divided by 33.97, or 0.3082.
17.Calculate the offset from the calculated slope value (step 16) and the
measured VHigh (step 13) using the following equation.
Offset = 3095 - ( Slope x 2000 x log ( V High ) )
Offset = ______________
For example, given the same VHigh and V Low values as listed in the
slope example.
Offset = 3095 - 0.3082 x -45.47

Offset = 3095 - (-14.01)
Offset = 3109
18.Enter the calculated Slope and Offset correction constants into
nonvolatile memory using the TITLE mode as previously described
in step 9.
19.Perform the “Checking the External Leveling” procedure to ensure
correct operation.
138 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
22. First LO Distribution Amplifier for Option 009 or 010
22. First LO Distribution Amplifier for

Option 009 or 010
The gate bias for the A3A14 LO distribution amplifier assembly is
adjusted to the value specified on a label on the RF section. The LO
power is adjusted so that the LO SENSE voltage is equal to the value
specified on the label. The adjustments are made on the A10 tracking
generator control assembly, which is located in the card cage.
Equipment Required
Measuring receiver
Digital multimeter
Power sensor
DMM test leads
Adapter, dual banana plug
Procedure
1. Set the analyzer LINE switch to off, then disconnect the line cord.
Remove the cover assembly, then reconnect the line cord.
2. Remove the 50 Ω termination from the analyzer rear-panel LO
OUTPUT connector.
3. Connect the positive DMM test lead to A10TP5, GB (gate bias).
Connect the negative DMM test lead to A10TP2, AGND (analog
ground). See Figure 2-33.
Chapter 2 139
Making Adjustments
Figure 2-33 First LO Distribution Amplifier Adjustment Setup
4. Set the digital voltmeter controls as follows:

FUNCTION .............................................. DC VOLTS
RANGE ................................................................ 10 V
RESOLUTION .................................................... 1 mV
5. Set the analyzer LINE switch to on.
6. Adjust A10R29 (GATE) for a digital voltmeter reading within 5 mV
of the GATE (gate bias) voltage printed on the RF section label.
7. Zero and calibrate the measuring receiver and power sensor in LOG
mode. (Power levels read in dBm.) Enter the power sensor's 5 GHz
cal factor into the measuring receiver.
8. Connect the power sensor to the analyzer LO OUTPUT.
9. On the analyzer, press PRESET, SPAN, ZERO SPAN, FREQUENCY, 300,
MHz.
10.Connect the positive DMM test lead to A10TP4, LOS (LO sense).
11.Note the SENS (LO sense) voltage printed on the RF section label.
Adjust A10R25, LO AMP (LO power), until the DMM reads equal to
the SENS voltage printed on the RF section label.
140 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
12.Check that the measuring receiver power level reads greater than
+12 dBm.
13.Disconnect the power sensor from LO OUTPUT, then reconnect the
50 Ω termination to LO OUTPUT.
14.Disconnect the DMM leads from A10TP4 and A10TP2.
Chapter 2 141
Making Adjustments
23. BITG Power Level for Option 010

8593E spectrum analyzers, Option 010
The BITG has two adjustments for setting the output power. The
−10 dB ADJ (A3A15R13) sets the power level when the source power
level is set to −10 dBm, and the 0 dB ADJ (A3A15R18) sets the power
level when the source power level is set to 0 dBm. The −10 dB ADJ acts
as an offset adjustment, while 0 dB ADJ acts as a gain adjustment.
These adjustments are set in the factory for a 10 dB difference in
output power between the −10 dBm and 0 dBm source power level
settings. When installing a replacement BITG, it should only be
necessary to adjust −10 dB ADJ (the offset adjustment) to account for
variations in cable loss from the BITG to the RF OUT 50 Ω connector.
This adjustment is done at a 0 dBm source power level setting. This
ensures that the absolute power level with a 0 dBm source power level
setting is 0 dBm, with little or no affect on the vernier accuracy.
In some cases, the power level at the −10 dBm source power level
setting might be out of tolerance. In such cases, the −10 dB ADJ is set
at a source power level setting of −10 dBm and the 0 dB ADJ is set at a
source power level setting of 0 dBm. These two adjustments must be
repeated until the power level at the two settings are within the given
tolerances.
Equipment Required
Measuring receiver

Adapter, Type APC-3.5 (f) to APC-3.5 (f) (two)
142 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
Procedure
1. Set the analyzer LINE switch to off. Disconnect the line cord. Remove
the cover assembly, then reconnect the line cord.
2. Set the analyzer AOFST by pressing the following keys.
PRESET
CAL, More 1 of 4, More 2 of 4, DEFAULT CAL DATA
SERV DIAG, DISPLAY CAL DATA, NEXT PAGE
Verify that AOFST=0 under the tracking generator readouts.

3. Connect the cable between the RF OUT 50 Ω and INPUT 50 Ω
connectors on the analyzer.
4. Press PRESET on the analyzer and set the controls as follows:
CENTER FREQ ........................................... 300 MHz
SPAN .................................................................... 0 Hz
BW, 10, kHz
AUX CTRL, TRACK GEN, SRC PWR ON OFF (ON), 10, −dBm
6. On the analyzer, press TRACKING PEAK. Wait for the PEAKING

message to disappear.
7. Zero and calibrate the measuring-receiver/power-sensor combination
in log mode (power levels readout in dBm). Enter the power sensor
300 MHz cal factor into the measuring receiver.
8. Disconnect the cable from the RF OUT 50 Ω connector, then connect
the power sensor to the RF OUT 50 Ω connector. See Figure 2-34.
Figure 2-34 BITG Power Level Adjustment Setup
Chapter 2 143
Making Adjustments
9. On the analyzer, press SRC PWR ON OFF (ON), 0, dBm, SGL SWP.
Note that some analyzers may have sealing compound over
A3A15R13 (−10 dB ADJ) and A3A15R18 (0 dB ADJ) adjustments.
Remove this compound before making these adjustments.
10.Adjust −10 dB ADJ (A3A15R13) for a 0 dBm ±0.05 dB reading on the
measuring receiver. Refer to Figure 2-35 for adjustment location.
Figure 2-35 BITG Power Level Adjustment Locations
11.Set the SRC PWR level to −10 dBm. Note the power displayed on the
measuring receiver.
If the power level is -9.77 dBm to -10.23 dBm, then the adjustment is
complete. If the power level is not within the range, then continue
with step 11.
Power at −10 dBm Setting ______________dBm
If the power level noted in step 10 was outside the range of −10 dBm
±0.23 dB, perform the following:
a. With the SRC PWR level set to −10 dBm, adjust −10 dB ADJ
(A3A15R13) for a −10 dBm ±0.1 dB reading on the measuring
receiver. Refer to Figure 2-35 for adjustment location.
b. Set the SRC PWR level to 0 dBm. Adjust 0 dB ADJ (A3A15R18) for
a 0 dBm ±0.2 dB reading on the measuring receiver. Refer to
Figure 2-35 for adjustment location.
c. Repeat this step until the output power level is within the
tolerances indicated at both the −10 dBm and 0 dBm SRC PWR
level settings. Adjust −10 dB ADJ only with the SRC POWER level
set to −10 dBm, and adjust 0 dB ADJ only with the SRC PWR level
set to 0 dBm.
144 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
24. Tracking Oscillator for Option 010

This is not a routine adjustment. This adjustment should only be
performed if the range of either the automatic tracking peak
adjustment (TRACKING PEAK) or the manual tracking peak adjustment
(MAN TRK ADJUST) is insufficient to peak a signal.
The centering of the tracking oscillator range is adjusted in the factory
to ensure that the tracking adjustment will work properly. Over a
period of 5 years, however, the center frequency of the tracking
oscillator range may drift outside of acceptable limits.
The tracking oscillator range is checked first. A tracking peak test is
performed and the output frequency is recorded. Then the manual
tracking adjustment is set to its minimum and maximum values and
the output frequency is recorded. The minimum and maximum
frequencies are compared to the peaked frequency. If the difference is
less than 5 kHz, adjustment is necessary.
The adjustment recenters the tracking oscillator range. The A3 RF
assembly is placed in its service position to perform this adjustment. A
frequency counter is used to measure the output frequency.
Equipment Required
Termination, 50 Ω termination
Alignment tool, non-metallic
Cable, BNC, 122 cm (48 in.) (two required)
Adapter, Type N (f) to APC-3.5 (f)
Chapter 2 145
Making Adjustments

Cable, CAL comb
Adapter APC-3.5 (f) to APC-3.5 (f)
Adapter, Type BNC (f) to SMA (m)
Procedure
Frequency Tracking Range Check
1. Connect a cable between the RF OUT 50 Ω and INPUT 50 Ω
connectors on the analyzer.
Figure 2-36 Frequency Tracking Range Setup
2. Remove the rear-panel jumper that is between the 10 MHz REF

OUTPUT and EXT REF IN jacks. Connect the frequency counter
FREQ STD OUT connector to the analyzer EXT REF IN connector
as shown in Figure 2-36.
3. Press PRESET on the analyzer, then set the controls as follows:
CENTER FREQ ............................................ 500 MHz
SPAN .....................................................................0 Hz
4. On the analyzer, press the following key.
BW, 10, kHz
AUX CTRL, TRACK GEN, SRC PWR ON OFF (ON), 5, −dBm
5. On the analyzer press TRACKING PEAK. Wait for the PEAKING

message to disappear.
146 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
6. Set the microwave frequency counter controls as follows:

SAMPLE RATE ........................................... Midrange
10 Hz-500 MHz SWITCH ...........500 MHz - 26.5 GHz
500 MHz-26.5 GHz SWITCH .....500 MHz - 26.5 GHz
RESOLUTION ......................................................1 Hz
7. Connect the RF OUT 50 Ω connector to the microwave frequency
counter input as shown in Figure 2-36.
8. Wait for the microwave frequency counter to gate two or three times,
then record the microwave frequency counter reading below as the
peaked frequency.
Peaked Frequency: ______________MHz
9. On the analyzer, press MAN TRK ADJUST, 4095, ENTER. Wait for the
microwave frequency counter to gate two or three times, then record
the microwave frequency counter reading below as the minimum
frequency.
Minimum Frequency: ______________MHz
10.On the analyzer, press MAN TRK ADJUST, 0, ENTER. Wait for the
microwave frequency counter to gate two or three times, then record
the microwave frequency counter reading below as the maximum
frequency.
Maximum Frequency: ______________MHz
11.If the absolute value of the difference between either the minimum
or maximum frequency and the peaked frequency is less than 5 kHz,
proceed with the adjustment procedure below. If the differences are
greater than 5 kHz, no adjustment is necessary.
12.Disconnect the cable from the EXT REF IN connector, then replace
the rear-panel jumper.
Adjust the Tracking Oscillator

13.Remove the A3 RF Section assembly as described in Chapter 9 of
this manual. With A3 sitting on top of the A2 display assembly,
reconnect all cables from A3 to their respective jacks on A7, A9, A25,
and A10. Reconnect W40 to A3A15J8. Connect the 50 Ω termination
to the end of W42.
14.Connect the equipment as shown in Figure 2-37. The microwave
frequency counter provides the frequency reference for the analyzer.
Chapter 2 147
Making Adjustments
Figure 2-37 Tracking Oscillator Adjustment Setup
15.Set the analyzer LINE switch to on. Press AUX CTRL, TRACK GEN,
SRC PWR ON OFF (ON). Allow the analyzer to warm up for at least 5
minutes. Set the controls as follows:
CENTER FREQ ............................................ 300 MHz
SPAN .....................................................................0 Hz
16.Set the microwave frequency counter controls as follows:
SAMPLE RATE ......................................... Fully CCW
10 Hz-500 MHz SWITCH ................. 10 Hz-500 MHz
500 MHz-26.5 GHz SWITCH ............ 10 Hz-500 MHz
50 Ω - 1 MΩ SWITCH ..........................................50 Ω
17.Remove the screw, located on the front of the tracking generator,
used to seal the tracking oscillator adjustment.
18.On the analyzer, press AUX CTRL, TRACK GEN, MAN TRK ADJUST, 0,
Hz.
19.Record the microwave frequency counter reading in Table 2-9 as F1.

20.On the analyzer, press MAN TRK ADJUST, 4095, Hz.
21.Record the microwave frequency counter reading in Table 2-9 as F2.
148 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
22.Calculate Fcenter as shown below, and record it in Table 2-9.

Fcenter = (F1 + F2)/2
Chapter 2 149
Making Adjustments
23.Set SRC TRACK ADJ to 350. This sets the tracking oscillator near the
center of its frequency range. (The relationship between the SRC
TRACK ADJ DAC number and the output frequency is nonlinear.)
Adjust SRC TRACK ADJ until the microwave frequency counter reads
Fcenter ±100 Hz.
24.Record the value of SRC TRACK ADJ in Table 2-9.
CAUTION A3A15C3 (TRK OSC CTR) is rated for a maximum of 10 adjustment

cycles. Due to this limitation, adjust TRK OSC CTR only when
absolutely necessary.
25.Adjust A3A15C3 (TRK OSC CTR) until the microwave frequency

counter reads 300 MHz ±500 Hz.
26.Repeat step 17 to step 24 at least once more until no further
adjustment of A3A15C3 is necessary.
27.Set the analyzer LINE switch to off, then replace the screw removed
in step 17.
28.Reinstall the A3 RF Section assembly into the analyzer.
29.Replace the rear-panel jumper between the 10 MHz REF OUTPUT
and EXT REF IN connectors.
Table 2-9 Tracking Oscillator Range Centering
N F1 F2 Fcenter SRC TRACK ADJ

(MHz) (MHz) (MHz) Setting
1 ___________ ___________ _______________ ___________________________
2 ___________ ___________ _______________ ___________________________
3 ___________ ___________ _______________ ___________________________
4 ___________ ___________ _______________ ___________________________
5 ___________ ___________ _______________ ___________________________
6 ___________ ___________ _______________ ___________________________
150 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
25. Checking the Absolute Amplitude Accuracy for Option 050
25. Checking the Absolute Amplitude

To measure the absolute amplitude accuracy of the analyzer, a signal
from a synthesized sweeper is output to both the analyzer and a
measurement receiver. To determine the absolute amplitude accuracy:
1. The amplitude of the sweeper's signal is adjusted until the analyzer
marker reads out a known amplitude.
2. The amplitude of the sweeper's signal is measured by the measuring
receiver. (The measurement receiver is used as a power meter.)
3. The difference between the marker readout and the measuring
receiver's measurement is determined. This difference is the
absolute amplitude accuracy.
Equipment required
Synthesized sweeper
Measurement receiver
Power splitter
Additional Equipment for 026

Adapter, type N (f) to APC-3.5 (f)
Chapter 2 151
Making Adjustments
Procedure
1. Zero and calibrate the measuring receiver and power sensor in log
mode as described in the measuring receiver operation manual.
Note that the absolute amplitude accuracy test should only be
performed if the ambient temperature is between 20 °C and 30 °C.
2. Connect the equipment as shown in Figure 2-38. Connect the power
splitter to the analyzer using an adapter.
Figure 2-38 Absolute Amplitude Accuracy Verification
3. Press instrument preset on the synthesized sweeper, then set the

CW ................................................................. 818 MHz
POWER LEVEL ................................................... −2 dBm
152 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
4. Press PRESET on the analyzer and wait for the preset to finish, then
press the following analyzer keys.
FREQUENCY, 818, MHz
SPAN, 400, kHz
BW, 100, kHz
VID BW AUTO MAN, 30, kHz
ATTEN AUTO MAN, 10, dB
PEAK SEARCH
Log Fidelity
5. Set the power sensor cal factor for 818 MHz on the measuring
receiver.
6. On the synthesized sweeper, press POWER LEVEL and adjust the
output amplitude so that the analyzer marker amplitude reads
−9 dBm ±0.05 dB.
7. Record the measuring receiver power reading in Table 2-10.
8. Adjust the output amplitude of the sweeper for analyzer marker
amplitude readings of −14 dBm and −19 dBm.
9. Record the measuring receiver power readings in Table 2-10. The
readings should be within the limits shown.
Table 2-10 Log Fidelity
Analyzer Measuring Receiver

Marker Reading
(dBm) Min(dBm) Reading (dBm) Max(dBm)
−9 −9.7 _________________ −8.3
−14 −14.7 _________________ −13.3
−19 −19.7 _________________ −21.3
Frequency Response Input Attenuator 10 dB

10.Set the frequency of the analyzer to the first measurement frequency
shown in Table 2-11.
11.On the synthesized sweeper, press CW and set the frequency to the
same measurement frequency as the analyzer is set in the previous
step.
12.On the analyzer, press PEAK SEARCH.
Chapter 2 153
Making Adjustments
13.On the synthesized sweeper, press POWER LEVEL and adjust the
output amplitude so the analyzer marker amplitude reads −9 dBm
±0.05 dB.
14.Set the power sensor cal factor (for frequency being measured) on
the measuring receiver, then record the measuring receiver power
reading in Table 2-11.
15.Repeat step 10 to step 14 for frequencies of 836 MHz, 881 MHz, and
948 MHz. Record the results in Table 2-11. The results should be
within the limits shown.
Table 2-11 Frequency Response Attenuator 10 dB
Synthesized Measuring Receiver

Sweeper Frequency
(MHz) Min (dBm) Reading (dBm) Max (dBm)
818 −9.7 _________________ −8.3
836 −9.7 _________________ −8.3
881 −9.7 _________________ −8.3
948 −9.7 _________________ −8.3

AMPLITUDE, ATTEN AUTO MAN, 20, dB
AMPLITUDE, 6, +dBm
17.Set the FREQUENCY of the analyzer to the measurement frequency

step.
20.On the sweeper, press POWER LEVEL and adjust the amplitude so
the analyzer marker amplitude reads +1 dBm ±0.05 dB.
154 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments

Sweeper Frequency
948 +0.3 _________________ +1.7
881 +0.3 _________________ +1.7
836 +0.3 _________________ +1.7
818 +0.3 _________________ +1.7

AMPLITUDE, 10, +dBm

step.
amplitude so the analyzer marker amplitude reads
+5 dBm ±0.05 dB.
948 MHz. Record the results in Table 2-13.

Sweeper Frequency
818 +4.3 _________________ +5.7
836 +4.3 _________________ +5.7
881 +4.3 _________________ +5.7
948 +4.3 _________________ +5.7
Chapter 2 155
Making Adjustments

AMPLITUDE, 10, +dBm

32.On the synthesized sweeper, press CW, then set the frequency to the
step.
amplitude so the analyzer marker amplitude reads +5 dBm
±0.05 dB.

Sweeper Frequency
948 +4.0 _________________ +6.0
881 +4.0 _________________ +6.0
836 +4.0 _________________ +6.0
818 +4.0 _________________ +6.0
156 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
26. Correcting for Absolute Amplitude Accuracy for Option 050
26. Correcting for Absolute Amplitude

The frequency response of the analyzer is adjusted to optimize the
amplitude accuracy for the frequency range between 818 MHz and
948 MHz. The amplitude error from “Checking the Absolute Amplitude
Accuracy for Option 050" is used to determine how much flatness
correction is necessary. Normally, only a small amount of adjustment is
needed to bring the absolute amplitude accuracy of 8590 E-Series
spectrum analyzer equipped with an Option 050 into specification.
1. Looking at Table 2-11, Frequency Response Attenuator 10 dB,
calculate the error from the nominal value of −9 dB. For example, if
the measuring receiver reading at 818 MHz is −9.2 dB, then the
error is −0.2 dB. Find the average error by adding the four errors for
each frequency and then dividing the sum by four.
Average Error___________________dB
Note that if the average error is greater than 0.5 dB, there may be a
hardware problem. Typically, front-end component problems are
responsible for large amplitude errors. A defective First Mixer or a
poor cable connection may cause a power hole near the analyzer
Option 050 frequency band. In this case, performing a frequency
response check will uncover this type of problem. Perform a
functional check of the input attenuator if the errors for some
attenuation settings are larger than others.
CAUTION The next step disables the protection for the factory correction
constants.

Service Cal
Flatness Data
EDIT FLATNESS
3. Press ⇑ (step up key) until the ERROR readout for 804 MHz is
displayed (781 MHz for an 8591E spectrum analyzer or an 8591C
cable TV analyzer).
Chapter 2 157
Making Adjustments
4. Read the amplitude error from the display and record it in Table
2-15 for the 8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and 8596E spectrum analyzers.
Use Table 2-16 for 8591E spectrum analyzers or 8591C cable TV
analyzers.
Table 2-15 Frequency Response Errors: 8593E, 8594E, 8595E, 8596E
Frequency Amplitude ERROR Corrected Flatness

ERROR
804 MHz
876 MHz
948 MHz
1.02 GHz
Table 2-16 Frequency Response Errors: 8591C and 8591E
Frequency Amplitude ERROR Corrected Flatness

ERROR
781 MHz
818 MHz
855 MHz
892 MHz
Repeat step 3 and step 4 for the next frequency indicated in

Table 2-15 or Table 2-16 until all four points have been recorded.
5. Subtract the Average Error, calculated in step 1, from each
Amplitude ERROR from Table 2-15 or Table 2-16, then record
column 3 as the Corrected Flatness ERROR.
Do not subtract more than 0.5 dB from the Amplitude ERROR. If the
Average Error is more than 0.5 dB, it may not be possible to make
corrections during the adjustment.
6. Using ⇓ (step down key), set the frequency displayed on the analyzer
to 804 MHz (781 MHz for 8591E spectrum analyzers or 8591C cable
TV analyzers).
158 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
7. Enter the Corrected Flatness ERROR from Table 2-15 or Table 2-16
for the frequency displayed using the DATA keys. Terminate the
entry with the +dBm.
After the new data is entered, the analyzer will automatically jump
to the next frequency correction point. Enter the next Corrected
Flatness ERROR from the table.
To confirm the entries, press ⇓ (step down key) to the frequency of
interest. Re-check the displayed error against the Corrected
Flatness ERROR from column 3.
8. Perform the frequency response verification test from the calibration
guide for your instrument. Only checking Band 0 is necessary.
Chapter 2 159
Making Adjustments
27. Checking the Absolute Amplitude

To measure the absolute amplitude accuracy of the analyzer in the
frequency ranges 810 MHz to 956 MHz and 1429 MHz to 1501 MHz, a
signal from a synthesized sweeper is output to both the analyzer and a
measurement receiver. To determine the absolute amplitude accuracy:
1. The amplitude of the sweeper's signal is adjusted until the analyzer
marker reads out a known amplitude.
2. The amplitude of the sweeper's signal is measured by the measuring
receiver. (The measurement receiver is used as a power meter.)
3. The difference between the marker readout and the measuring
receiver's measurement is determined. This difference is the
absolute amplitude accuracy.
Equipment required
Synthesized sweeper
Measurement receiver
Power splitter

160 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
Figure 2-39 Absolute Amplitude Accuracy Verification
Procedure
1. Zero and calibrate the measuring receiver and power sensor in log
mode as described in the measuring receiver operation manual.
Note that the absolute amplitude accuracy test should only be
performed if the ambient temperature is between 20 °C and 30 °C.
2. Connect the equipment as shown in Figure 2-39. Connect the power
splitter to the analyzer using an adapter.
3. Press instrument preset on the synthesized sweeper, then set the
CW ................................................................. 810 MHz
POWER LEVEL ....................................................−2 dBm
4. Press PRESET on the analyzer and wait for the preset to finish, then
press the following analyzer keys.
FREQUENCY, 810, MHz
SPAN, 400, kHz
BW, 100, kHz
VID BW AUTO MAN, 30, kHz
ATTEN AUTO MAN, 10, dB
PEAK SEARCH
Chapter 2 161
Making Adjustments
Log Fidelity
5. Set the power sensor cal factor for 810 MHz on the measuring
receiver.
6. On the synthesized sweeper, press POWER LEVEL and adjust the
output amplitude so that the analyzer marker amplitude reads
−9 dBm ±0.05 dB.
7. Record the measuring receiver power reading in Table 2-17.
8. Adjust the output amplitude of the sweeper for analyzer marker
amplitude readings of −14 dBm and −19 dBm.
9. Record the measuring receiver power readings in Table 2-17. The
readings should be within the limits shown.
Table 2-17 Log Fidelity
Analyzer Measuring Receiver

Marker Reading
(dBm) Min (dBm) Reading (dBm) Max (dBm)
−9 −9.7 _________________ −8.3
−14 −14.7 _________________ −13.3
−19 −19.7 _________________ −21.3
162 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
Frequency Range 810 MHz to 956 MHz

10. Set the frequency of the analyzer to the first measurement
frequency shown in Table 2-18.
step.
±0.05 dB.

Sweeper Frequency
810 −9.6 _________________ −8.4
826 −9.6 _________________ −8.4
940 −9.6 _________________ −8.4
956 −9.6 _________________ −8.4
Chapter 2 163
Making Adjustments

AMPLITUDE, 6, +dBm

step.

Sweeper Frequency
956 +0.4 _________________ +1.6
940 +0.4 _________________ +1.6
826 +0.4 _________________ +1.6
810 +0.4 _________________ +1.6
164 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments

AMPLITUDE, 10, +dBm

step.
±0.05 dB.

Sweeper Frequency
(MHz)
Min (dBm) Reading (dBm) Max (dBm)
810 +4.4 _________________ +5.6
826 +4.4 _________________ +5.6
940 +4.4 ________________ +5.6
956 +4.4 _________________ +5.6
Chapter 2 165
Making Adjustments

AMPLITUDE, 10, +dBm

step.
±0.05 dB.

Sweeper Frequency
956 +4.0 _________________ +6.0
940 +4.0 _________________ +6.0
826 +4.0 _________________ +6.0
810 +4.0 _________________ +6.0
166 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
Frequency Response input Attenuator 10 dB

37.Set the frequency of the analyzer to the first measurement frequency
step.
±0.05 dB.
42.Repeat step 37 to step 41 for frequencies of 1453 MHz, 1477 MHz,
and 1501 MHz. Record the results in Table 2-22. The results should
be within the limits shown.

Sweeper Frequency
(MHz)
Min (dBm) Reading (dBm) Max (dBm)
1429 −9.6 _________________ −8.4
1453 −9.6 _________________ −8.4
1477 −9.6 _________________ −8.4
1501 −9.6 _________________ −8.4
Chapter 2 167
Making Adjustments

AMPLITUDE, 6, +dBm

step.
and 1428 MHz. Record the results in Table 2-23. The results should
be within the limits shown.

Sweeper Frequency
1501 +0.4 _________________ +1.6
1477 +0.4 _________________ +1.6
1453 +0.4 _________________ +1.6
1429 +0.4 _________________ +1.6
168 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments

AMPLITUDE, 10, +dBm

step.
±0.05 dB.
and 1501 MHz. Record the results in Table 2-24.

Sweeper Frequency
1429 +4.4 _________________ +5.6
1453 +4.4 _________________ +5.6
1477 +4.4 _________________ +5.6
1501 +4.4 _________________ +5.6
Chapter 2 169
Making Adjustments

AMPLITUDE, 10, +dBm

step.
±0.05 dB.
and 1429 MHz. Record the results in Table 2-25.

Sweeper Frequency
1501 +4.0 _________________ +6.0
1477 +4.0 _________________ +6.0
1453 +4.0 _________________ +6.0
1429 +4.0 _________________ +6.0
170 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
28. Correcting for Absolute Amplitude

The frequency response of the analyzer is adjusted to optimize the
amplitude accuracy for the frequency range 810 MHz to 956 MHz and
1429 MHz to 1501 MHz. The amplitude error from “Checking the
Absolute Amplitude Accuracy for Option 051" is used to determine how
much flatness correction is necessary. Normally, only a small amount of
adjustment is needed to bring the absolute amplitude accuracy
of 8590 E-Series spectrum analyzer equipped with an Option 051 into
specification.

calculate the error from the nominal value of −9 dB for each
frequency. For example, if the measuring receiver reading at
810 MHz is −9.2 dB, then the error is −0.2 dB. Find the average error
by adding the four errors for each frequency and then dividing the
sum by four.
Average Error____________________dB
Note that if the average error is greater than 0.5 dB, there may be a
hardware problem. Typically, front-end component problems are
responsible for large amplitude errors. A defective First Mixer or a
poor cable connection may cause a power hole near the analyzer
Option 051 frequency band. In this case, performing a frequency
response check will uncover this type of problem. Perform a
functional check of the input attenuator if the errors for some
attenuation settings are larger than others.
constants.

Service Cal
Flatness Data
EDIT FLATNESS
Chapter 2 171
Making Adjustments
3. Press ⇑ (step up key) until the ERROR readout for 804 MHz is
displayed (781 MHz for an 8591E spectrum analyzer or an 8591C
cable TV analyzer).
4. Read the amplitude error from the display and record it in Table
2-26 for the 8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and 8596E spectrum analyzers.
Use Table 2-27 for 8591E spectrum analyzers or 8591C cable TV
analyzers.
Frequency Amplitude Corrected

ERROR Flatness
ERROR
804 MHz _________________ _________________
876 MHz _________________ _________________
948 MHz _________________ _________________
1.02 GHz _________________ _________________

ERROR Flatness
ERROR
781 MHz _________________ _________________
818 MHz _________________ _________________
855 MHz _________________ _________________
892 MHz _________________ _________________
Repeat step 3 to step 4 for the next frequency indicated in Table 2-26
or Table 2-27 until all four points have been recorded.
5. Subtract the Average Error, calculated in step 1, from each
6. Using ⇓ (step down key), set the frequency displayed on the analyzer
to 804 MHz (781 MHz for 8591E spectrum analyzers or 8591C cable
TV analyzers).
172 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
7. Enter the Corrected Flatness ERROR from Table 2-26 or Table 2-27
8. Press More, EXIT after all corrections are complete.

calculate the error from the nominal value of −9 dB for each
frequency. For example, if the measuring receiver reading at
1429 MHz is −9.2 dB, then the error is −0.2 dB. Find the average
error by adding the four errors for each frequency and then dividing
the sum by four.
Average Error__________________dB
constants.

PRESET (wait for completion)
Service Cal
Flatness Data
EDIT FLATNESS
11.Press ⇑ (step up key) until the ERROR readout for 1.380 GHz is
displayed (1.410 GHz for an 8591E spectrum analyzer or an 8591C
cable TV analyzer).
Chapter 2 173
Making Adjustments
12.Read the amplitude error from the display and record it in

Table 2-28 for the 8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and 8596E spectrum
analyzers. Use Table 2-29 for 8591E spectrum analyzers or 8591C
cable TV analyzers.

ERROR Flatness
ERROR
1.380 GHz _________________ _________________
1.452 GHz _________________ _________________
1.524 GHz _________________ _________________
1.596 GHz _________________ _________________

ERROR Flatness
ERROR
1.410 GHz _________________ _________________
1.447 GHz _________________ _________________
1.484 GHz _________________ _________________
1.521 GHz _________________ _________________
Repeat step 10 and step 11 for the next frequency indicated in

Table 2-28 or Table 2-29 until all four points have been recorded.
13.Subtract the Average Error, calculated in step 9, from each
14.Using ⇓ (step down key), set the frequency displayed on the analyzer
to 1.380 GHz (1.410 GHz for 8591E spectrum analyzers or 8591C
cable TV analyzers).
174 Chapter 2
Making Adjustments
15.Enter the Corrected Flatness ERROR from Table 2-28 or Table 2-29
16.Press More, EXIT after all corrections are complete.
17.Perform the frequency response verification test from the calibration
guide for your instrument. Only checking Band 0 is necessary.
Chapter 2 175
Making Adjustments
176 Chapter 2
2a Making Adjustments: If
3335A Source Not Available
This chapter provides alternative adjustments for the spectrum
analyzer which do not require the use of the 3335A Synthesizer Level
Generator. Substitute the tests in this chapter for those of the same
number found in Chapter 2 , “Making Adjustments,” when the 3335A
Synthesizer Level Generator is not available.
177
Making Adjustments: If 3335A Source Not Available
Before You Start
Before You Start

There are three things you should do before starting an adjustment
procedure.
analyzer, and read the general safety considerations and the symbol
definitions given in the front of this service guide.
• Check that the analyzer has been turned on and allowed to warm up
for at least 30 minutes at room temperature before making any
adjustments. The analyzer must be allowed to stand at room
temperature at least 2 hours prior to the 30 minute warmup.
178 Chapter 2a
6a. Cal Attenuator Error

8594Q QAM analyzers
The A12 amplitude control assembly has one 10 dB and two 20 dB
nonadjustable amplifiers. It also has 1 dB, 2 dB, 4 dB, 8 dB, and 16 dB
attenuators which are correctable. The 16 dB step is not used at this
time.
The attenuator error correction procedure involves determining the
1 dB step attenuator errors, disabling the attenuator correction
constants, determining the attenuator step errors and entering the new
correction constants into the analyzer memory.
Equipment Required
Synthesized Signal generator 8663A
1 dB step attenuator 8494G
Attenuator/switch driver (if programmable step attenuators are
used) 11713A
Cable, Type-N 152 cm (60 in)
Attenuator interconnect kit

Pad, minimum loss
Adapter, Type-N (f) to BNC (m), 75 Ω
Chapter 2a 179
Calculate Actual Attenuation Errors

1. From the calibration data supplied with the 1 dB step attenuator,
enter in column 2 of Table 2a-1 the actual attenuation for the
corresponding nominal attenuation settings in column 1.
2. Subtract column 1 from column 2 and enter these values in
column 3.
Table 2a-1 Calculating Actual Attenuation Errors
Nominal 1 dB Step Actual Attenuation Attenuator Error

Attenuator Setting (Column 2 - Column 1)
Column 1 Column 2 Column 3
1 dB
4 dB
5 dB
7 dB
8 dB
9 dB
Figure 2a-1 Cal Attenuator Error Connection Setup
180 Chapter 2a
Procedure
The accuracy of the amplitude control attenuator is critical to the
proper calibration of the instrument; therefore, this procedure must be
carefully and accurately performed.
1. Connect the equipment as shown in Figure 2a-1. The 75 Ω RF input
requires an external pad as shown in Figure 2a-1.
2. Set the frequency of the synthesized signal generator to 200 MHz
and the amplitude to -10dBm.
3. Set the external 1 dB step attenuator to 9 dB.
4. To turn the cal attenuator corrections off, press the following
analyzer keys.
PRESET
CAL, More 1 of 4
1 dB Step Check
5. To measure the 1 dB step correction, press the following analyzer
keys.
FREQUENCY, 200, MHz
SPAN, 10, MHz
AMPTD UNITS, dBm
PEAK SEARCH
SPAN, 50, kHz
BW, 3, kHz

7. The MKR ∆ amplitude reading should be 0.0 dB ±0.01 dB. If it is not,

repeat step 5.
Chapter 2a 181
8. Set the analyzer’s reference level by pressing AMPLITUDE, 17, −dBm.

9. Set the 1 dB step attenuator to 8 dB.
10.The 1 dB attenuator step error is the MKR ∆ reading minus the
error in the 1 dB step attenuator when set to 9 dB and 8 dB in Table
2a-1.
1 dB atten step error =
Analyzer MKR ∆ - (9dB atten error - 8 dB atten error)
11.Enter the 1 dB attenuator step error in Table 2a-2.
2 dB Check
12.To measure the 2 dB step correction, press the following analyzer
keys.
13.Set the 1 dB step attenuator to 7 dB.

15.The MKR ∆ amplitude reading should be 0.0 dB ±0.01dB. If it is not,

repeat step 5.
16.Set the analyzer’s reference level by pressing AMPLITUDE, 14, −dBm.
2a-1.
2 dB attenuator step error =
Analyzer MKR ∆ - (7dB attenuator error - 5 dB
attenuator error)
182 Chapter 2a
4 dB Step Check
keys.


repeat step 5.
2a-1.
4 dB attenuator step error =
Analyzer MKR ∆ - (8dB attenuator error - 4 dB
attenuator error)
8 dB Step Check
keys.


repeat step 5.
33.Set the 1 dB step attenuator to 1dB.
Chapter 2a 183

2a-1.
8 dB atten step error =
Analyzer MKR ∆ - (9dB atten error - 1 dB atten error)
Table 2a-2 A12 Amplitude Control Assembly Attenuator Errors
1 dB Step Attenuator Reference Level Settings Attenuator Error

Setting (dB) (dBm) Step (dB)
OFF ON OFF ON
9 8 −18 −17 1
7 5 −16 −14 2
8 4 −17 −13 4
9 1 −18 −10 8
Entering Attenuator Error Correction Data

PRESET


SERVICE CAL, SET ATTN ERROR

37.When the analyzer prompts you with the message

ENTER CAL ATTEN ERROR, enter the data from Table 2a-2 and
terminate with the reverse sign using the dBm or −dBm keys. For
example, if the error recorded in Table 2a-2 is 0.07, enter 0.07 and
terminate with −dBm.
38.When the analyzer prompts you to enter the 16 dB step, enter
0 dBm. At the completion of entering the 16 dB error, the analyzer
will reset.
184 Chapter 2a
39.To confirm that the correct data is stored, access the cal attenuator
corrections by pressing the following analyzer keys.
SERVICE DIAG
DISPLAY CAL DATA
Note that the cal-attenuator corrections are the first five corrections
located in the ERR column.
Chapter 2a 185
7a. Log and Linear Amplifier

8594Q QAM analyzers
A 21.4 MHz signal is injected into an IF test board that has been
inserted in place of the first resolution bandwidth assembly, A11. The
gain of the A14 log amplifier assembly is adjusted by observing the
voltage at the AUX VIDEO OUT on the rear panel with a digital
multimeter.
Equipment Required
Synthesized signal generator
IF test board
Cable, BNC (f) to dual banana plug
Test cable BNC (m) to SMB (f)
Adapter tip FN (m) to BNC (f)
10 dB step attenuator (8496 A/G)
Attenuator/switch driver (if programmable step attenuators are
used)
Attenuator interconnect kit
186 Chapter 2a
Procedure
assembly.
2. Remove the first IF bandwidth filter assembly, A11. Install the IF
test board into the A11 slot. Turn the analyzer LINE switch to ON.
3. Set the DMM to read dc volts.
PRESET
CAL, More 1 of 4
CORRECT ON OFF (OFF), More 2 of 4
SERVICE DIAG
STP GAIN ZERO
SPAN, 0, Hz
BW, 10, kHz
SCALE LOG LIN (LIN)
5. Set the synthesized signal generator as follows:

FREQUENCY ............................................. 21.4 MHz
AMPLITUDE .................................................. −6 dBm
6. Connect equipment as shown in Figure 2a-2.
Chapter 2a 187
Figure 2a-2 Log and Linear Amplifier Adjustment Setup
Log Fidelity Adjustment

7. With the frequency function active, adjust the INCR SET to 100 Hz.
Press the ⇑ (step-up key) to maximize the signal level on screen.
Adjust the synthesized signal generator amplitude as necessary to
keep the signal on the display.
8. Adjust the synthesized signal generator output level for a DMM
reading of 1000 mV ±7.0 mV. Record the synthesized sweeper
amplitude readout for later reference:
____________________dBm
9. Press SCALE (LOG) on the analyzer.
10.Set the synthesized signal generator to the level recorded in step 8
and adjust A14R23 SLOPE (refer to Figure 2a-3) for a DMM reading
of 1000 mV ±1 mV.
From this point on, the power level will be controlled by the 8496G
10 dB step attenuator.
188 Chapter 2a
Figure 2a-3 Log and Linear Amplifier Adjustment Location
11.Set the 10 dB step attenuator to 60 dB. Adjust A14R10 OFFSET for

the DMM reading of 250 mV ±2 mV.
13.Set the 10 dB step attenuator to 30 dB. Adjust the A14R23 SLOPE
for a DMM reading of 625 mV ±2 mV.
14.Set the 10 dB step attenuator back to 0 dB. Adjust the A14R69
−30 dB for a DMM reading of 1000 mV ±1 mV.
16.Set the 10 dB step attenuator to 10 dB. Adjust the A14R23 SLOPE
for a DMM reading of 875 mV ±2 mV.
17.Set the 10 dB step attenuator back to 0 dB. Adjust the A14R39
−10 dB for a DMM reading of 1000 mV ±2 mV.
19.Repeat step 10 to step 18 until the limits in Table 2a-3 are met.
Chapter 2a 189
Table 2a-3 Log Fidelity Check
Synthesized Sweeper Level DMM Reading
Reference from step 8 1000 mV ±1 mV
Linear Output and Step Gain Adjustments

AMPTD UNITS, dBm
21.Set the synthesized sweeper amplitude to the level recorded in step

8 and adjust A14R34 LIN for a DMM reading of 1000 mV ±1 mV.
22.Make the adjustments indicated in Table 2a-4.
Table 2a-4 Linear Gain Check
Adjust Synthesized External Analyzer DMM Reading

Sweeper Level Attenuator, Reference
8496G (dB) Level (dBm)
A14R34 Reference from 0 dB −50 1000 mV ±1 mV

step 8
A14R33 Reference from 10 −60 1000 mV ±5 mV

step 8

step 8

step 8
N/A Reference from 40 −90 1000 mV ±30 mV

step 8
190 Chapter 2a
15a. Frequency Response of the 8590L, 8591C, and 8591E
15a. Frequency Response of

the 8590L, 8591C, and 8591E
The frequency response (flatness) of the analyzer is measured with the
corrections off. The source is adjusted to place the displayed signal at
the analyzer center horizontal graticule line.
The flatness data is then entered into the analyzer using the SERVICE
CAL functions. The error corrections are stored in battery backed RAM
For analyzers equipped with 75 Ω inputs, the 50 Ω system is
characterized before starting the “Frequency Response” adjustment
procedure.
Equipment Required
Synthesized signal generator
Frequency synthesizer
Power splitter
Cable, BNC, 122 cm (48 in.)
Additional Equipment for 75 Ω Inputs

Power meter
Cable, BNC, 120 cm (48 in) 75 Ω
Adapter, Type N (f) 75 Ω to Type N (m) 50 Ω
Adapter, Type N (m) to BNC (m), 75 Ω
Chapter 2a 191
Procedure for System Characterization

(75 Ω input)
power sensor as described in the measuring receiver operation
manual.
2. Zero and calibrate the power meter and the 75 Ω power sensor as
3. Press INSTRUMENT PRESET on the synthesized signal generator.
Set the synthesized signal generator controls as follows:
CW .................................................................. 41 MHz
FREQ STEP ................................................... 37 MHz
POWER LEVEL ............................................... 5 dBm
4. Connect the equipment as shown in Figure 2a-4.
Figure 2a-4 System Characterization Test Setup for 75 Ω inputs

5. Adjust the synthesized signal generator POWER LEVEL for a

0 dBm reading on the measuring receiver.
192 Chapter 2a
6. Record the power meter reading in Column 4 of Table 2a-5, taking

into account the cal factors of both power sensors.
7. On the synthesized signal generator, press CW and STEP UP, to step
through the remaining frequencies listed in Table 2a-5.
At each new frequency repeat step 5 and step 6, and enter each
power sensor cal factor into the respective power meter.
Procedure
operation manual.
2. Connect the equipment as shown in Figure 2a-5.
Figure 2a-5 Frequency Response Setup

3. Press INSTRUMENT PRESET on the synthesized signal generator.

Set the synthesized signal generator controls as follows:
CW ................................................................ 300 MHz
FREQ STEP ................................................... 37 MHz
POWER LEVEL ............................................. −9 dBm
Chapter 2a 193

PRESET
CAL, More 1 of 4
FREQUENCY, 300, MHz
CF STEP AUTO MAN, 37, MHz
SPAN, 12, MHz
75 Ω input: press AMPLITUDE, More 1 of 2, AMPTD UNITS, dBm

BW, 1, MHz
PEAK SEARCH
5. Adjust the synthesized signal generator POWER LEVEL for a

6. Press RATIO mode on the measuring receiver.
FREQUENCY, 4, MHz
8. Set the synthesized signal generator CW to 4 MHz.

9. Adjust the synthesized signal generator POWER LEVEL for an
analyzer MKR-TRK amplitude reading of −14 dBm ±0.1 dB.
10.Record the power ratio in Column 2 of Table 2a-5 for
4 MHz.
FREQUENCY, 41, MHz
12.Set the synthesized signal generator CW to 41 MHz.

13.Adjust the synthesized signal generator POWER LEVEL for an
analyzer MKR-TRK amplitude reading of −14 dBm ±0.1 dB.
Column 2 of Table 2a-5 for 41 MHz.
15.On the analyzer, press FREQUENCY and ⇑ (step up), to step through
the remaining frequencies listed in Column 1 of Table 2a-5. At each
new frequency repeat step 13 to step 15, entering the power sensor
Cal Factor into the measuring receiver as indicated in Column 3 of
Table 2a-5.
194 Chapter 2a
16.On the synthesized signal generator, press CW and STEP UP.

PRESET

keys.
SERVICE CAL
FLATNESS DATA
Perform the next step only if all the flatness correction data must be
replaced in memory due to the repair or replacement of the A16
19.To initialize the area of memory where the flatness correction data is
stored, press the following keys.
INIT FLT
PRESET

SERVICE CAL
FLATNESS DATA
20.To enter flatness corrections, press EDIT FLATNESS.
4 MHz from Column 2 of Table 2a-5 (75 Ω input: Column 5),
Frequency Response Errors. Terminate the entry with the dB key.
When entering negative amplitude values, precede the numeric
entry with the − and dB keys or the −dB key.
The BK SP (backspace) key may be used to correct any entry if the
terminator, dB or −dB key has not been pressed. Re-enter the data if
the terminator has been pressed.
Chapter 2a 195
23.Press ⇑ (step up) and enter the data from Table 2a-5, Column 2 (75 Ω
input: Column 5) for the next data point as described in
step 21.
listed in Table 2a-5.
At each point, verify that the frequency listed in the active function
block corresponds to the frequency at which the data was taken. If
these two frequencies do not correspond, press ⇑ (step up) or ⇓ (step
down) until the proper frequency is displayed in the active function
block.
If some data is incorrect after entering all of the data from Table
2a-5, select the incorrect data point using ⇑ (step up) or ⇓ (step down)
and re-enter the proper data.
25.After all corrections have been input, press the STORE FLATNESS
softkey to store the correction data in nonvolatile memory. The
instrument will automatically preset and display CAL: DONE in the
active function block of the analyzer.
196 Chapter 2a
Table 2a-5 Frequency Response Errors

300 MHz (dB)
4 _______________ N/A N/A _______________
41 _______________ 0.03 _______________ _______________
78 _______________ 0.1 _______________ _______________
115 _______________ 0.1 _______________ _______________
152 _______________ 0.1 _______________ _______________
189 _______________ 0.3 _______________ _______________
226 _______________ 0.3 _______________ _______________
263 _______________ 0.3 _______________ _______________
300 _______________ 0.3 _______________ _______________
337 _______________ 0.3 _______________ _______________
374 _______________ 0.3 _______________ _______________
411 _______________ 0.3 _______________ _______________
448 _______________ 0.3 _______________ _______________
485 _______________ 0.3 _______________ _______________
522 _______________ 0.3 _______________ _______________
559 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
596 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
633 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
670 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
707 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
744 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
781 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
818 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
855 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
892 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
Chapter 2a 197
Table 2a-5 Frequency Response Errors (Continued)

300 MHz (dB)
929 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
966 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
1003 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
1040 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
1077 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
1114 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
1151 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
1188 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
1225 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
1262 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
1299 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
1336 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
1373 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
1410 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
1447 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
1484 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
1521 _______________ 1.0 _______________ _______________
1558 _______________ 2.0 _______________ _______________
1595 _______________ 2.0 _______________ _______________
1632 _______________ 2.0 _______________ _______________
1669 _______________ 2.0 _______________ _______________
1706 _______________ 2.0 _______________ _______________
1743 _______________ 2.0 _______________ _______________
1780 _______________ 2.0 _______________ _______________
1817 _______________ 2.0 _______________ _______________
198 Chapter 2a
3 Backing Up and Reloading
Correction Constants
This chapter provides information for safe-guarding the correction data

stored in RAM on the processor/video board assembly, and restoring the
analyzer memory after a repair or replacement of the processor/video
board assembly.
199
Backing Up and Reloading Correction Constants
Before You Start
Commands within parenthesis after a softkey, for example (LOG), are

used throughout this chapter to indicate the part of a softkey which
should be underlined when the key is pressed.
Refer to Chapter 4 for information that is useful when first starting to
troubleshoot an analyzer failure.
Before You Start

There are three things you must do before you begin troubleshooting an
instrument failure.
• Familiarize yourself with the safety symbols marked on the
analyzer, the general safety considerations, and the safety note
definitions given in the front of this guide.
• Read the section entitled “Protection from Electrostatic Discharge”
in Chapter 15. The analyzer contains static-sensitive components.
• Become familiar with the organization of the troubleshooting
information in this service guide and the information in this chapter.

the safety symbols on the analyzer and the general safety
considerations in this guide before operating the unit with the
cover removed. Failure to heed the safety precautions can
result in severe or fatal injury.
200 Chapter 3
Backing Up Analyzer Correction Constants

This section describes how to retrieve the correction-constant data from
the instrument memory and record the data as a backup copy. As long
as the data remains valid, it can be used to recalibrate the instrument
quickly after a memory loss. It is recommended that a copy of this data
be maintained in the user's records. Procedures for restoring the
correction constants to battery-backed RAM memory are also provided
in this section.
Note that if the current correction constants are not valid, new
correction constants must be generated. Refer to the following
adjustment procedures in Chapter 2 of this service guide.
• Adjusting the 10 MHz Reference.
• Adjusting the Frequency Response (for your analyzer).
• Adjusting the Cal Attenuator Error.
• Correcting the External ALC Error Correction (for Option 010 and
011 only).
The 8590 E-Series and L-Series spectrum analyzer, 8591C cable TV
analyzer, and 8594Q QAM analyzer stores the following correction
constants in RAM.
Flatness-correction constants. Used to correct
frequency-response amplitude errors.
Step-attenuation correction constants. Used to correct A12
Amplitude Control step-attenuator errors and provide a relative
amplitude reference for the CAL AMPTD self-calibration routine.
Timebase correction constant. Used by the DAC that tunes the
RTXO (10 MHz timebase) on the A25 Counter Lock assembly.
Analyzers equipped with the precision frequency reference do not use
this correction constant.
CALTGX slope and offset correction constants. Used to
improve the performance of the external automatic level control
(ALC). Only analyzers equipped with Option 010 or 011 use these
corrections.
Chapter 3 201
Retrieve the timebase and flatness-correction

constants
1. Make a copy of the Correction Constant Backup-Data Record at the
end of this chapter.
2. Record the date and instrument serial number.
Skip Step 3 and Step 4 if your instrument is equipped with a
precision frequency reference or if testing an 8590L with Option 713.
PRESET
4. Press VERIFY TIMEBASE, then record the number that is displayed in

the active-function block in Table 3-2.
SERVICE CAL, FLATNESS DATA, EDIT FLATNESS
6. The signal trace represents the frequency-response (flatness)

correction-constant data. The active-function block displays the
frequency response error.
7. Record the frequency-response error in the appropriate table for
your analyzer.Table 3-3 is for the 8590L and 8591E spectrum
analyzers and 8591C cable TV analyzers. Table 3-5 through Table
3-12 are for all other 8590 E-Series and L-Series spectrum
analyzers.
8. Press ⇑, then record the next frequency-response error in the
appropriate table.
9. Repeat the previous step until all frequency-response errors are
recorded. Use ⇓ to view previous data points.
10.Press EXIT when all frequency-response errors have been recorded.
202 Chapter 3
Retrieve the A12 step-gain and CALTGX

correction constants
1. Press the following keys to view the current A12 step-attenuator
correction constants.
SERVICE DIAG
DISPLAY CAL DATA
2. Look at the first five entries in the CA ATT ERR column; they are
the amplitude errors for the 1 dB, 2 dB, 4 dB, 8 dB, and 16 dB
step-attenuators.
3. Record the amplitude errors (correction constants) for the five
step-attenuators in Table 3-14.
Step 4 is for analyzers equipped with Option 010 or 011 only. Skip
this step for all other analyzers.
4. Record the CALTGX slope and offset correction constants in
Table 3-15. The correction constants are printed on a label that is
located on the A7A1 Tracking Generator Control Board assembly.
File the completed copy of the Correction Constant Backup-Data
Record for future reference.
Chapter 3 203
Analyzer Initialization
This procedure is used to restore the factory/service correction
constants to the processor/video board assembly, and to initialize the
analyzer settings after a non-volatile memory loss. The loss of
non-volatile memory may be caused by the following conditions.
• Installation of a new A16 Processor/Video board assembly
• Dead B1 battery
Firmware startup sequence

The firmware installed in the analyzer recognizes when the analyzer
non-volatile memory is lost by comparing the contents of two RAM
locations with known values. If there is a discrepancy, the startup
routine is initiated.
The analyzer startup routine does the following:
• User memory is erased
• DLP editor memory is initialized
• Power-on state is set to PRESET
• Windows are initialized
• Video constants are initialized
• Display units are set to dBm
• Identifies which analyzer is present except for the following
analyzers.
8591C
8590D
8595E
8592D
If the analyzer is either an 8595E or 8596E, the screen will prompt
you to enter the correct analyzer model number. Enter 5 for an
8595E or a 6 for an 8596E spectrum analyzer.
After the startup routine is complete, the message USING DEFAULTS
<n> is displayed on screen. The value of <n> is a key to what condition
caused the startup sequence. This number was used in the development
of the firmware and is of no value in troubleshooting.
In the case of an 8591C cable TV analyzer, the firmware is unable to
identify this model number. After the loss of correction constants, an
8591C cable TV analyzer will actually identify as an 8591E spectrum
analyzer.
204 Chapter 3
If the analyzer is an 8591C, the analyzer's startup routine will identify

it as an 8591E. Use this procedure to change the identity back to an
8591C.
Press the following keys.
PRESET (wait until preset is complete)
DISPLAY, Change Title
Use the softkeys to type in the following remote command. Don't forget
to include the semicolon (;).
FACTSET 11023,1;
NOTE A remote controller may be used in place of the execute title function.
DISPLAY, Hold

CAL, More 1 of 4, More 2 of 4, Service Cal, EXECUTE TITLE
PRESET (wait until preset is complete)
CONFIG, More 1 of 3, SHOW OPTIONS
Confirm that the correct analyzer model number is displayed.
Set the default configuration

Set the default configuration by pressing the following analyzer keys.
CONFIG, More 1 of 3, DEFAULT CONFIG, DEFAULT CONFIG
Chapter 3 205
Reset the power-on units

Set the power-on units by pressing the following analyzer keys.
PRESET
AMPLITUDE, More 1 of 2
INPUT Z 50 75 (so that 50 is underlined)
75 Ω input only: Press INPUT Z 50 75, so that 75 is underlined.

AMPLITUDE, SCALE LOG LIN (LOG), More 1 of 2
Amptd Units dBm
75 Ω input only: Press dBmV.

AMPLITUDE, SCALE LOG LIN (LIN), More 1 of 2
Amptd Units Volts
CAL, More 1 of 4, More 2 of 4, Service Cal, STOR PWR ON UNITS
206 Chapter 3
Reloading the Correction Constants

This procedure assumes that you have valid correction constant data
from a previous backup. Without backup data, new correction constants
must be generated by performing the adjustments in Chapter 2.
Reload the timebase-correction constant

Skip this step for instruments equipped with a precision frequency
reference.
Reload the timebase correction constant by pressing the following
analyzer keys.
PRESET
Service Cal, CAL TIMEBASE
Type the value from the Table (corr backup) using the DATA Keys,
then press ENTER.
Reload the flatness-correction constants

1. Reload the flatness-correction constants by pressing the following
analyzer keys.
Press FREQUENCY
Enter −2001, Hz
Press CAL, More 1 of 4, More 2 of 4
Press Service Cal
Flatness Data
INT FLAT For Option 026: Press INIT FLT 26.5 GHz
EDIT FLATNESS
2. Enter each correction constant listed in the Correction Constant

Backup-Data Record, then terminate the entry with the +dBm or
−dBm key, as appropriate. Each entry is displayed briefly before the
data-entry routine steps to the next correction data point.
Use the ⇑ and ⇓ keys to edit previously entered correction data.
3. When all flatness-correction constants are entered, press STORE
FLATNESS, More, EXIT.
Chapter 3 207
Reload the A12 step-gain-correction constants

1. Reload the A12 step-gain-correction constants by pressing the
following keys.
PRESET
Service Cal, SET ATTN ERROR
REF LVL OFFSET is displayed in the active-function block above the

prompt ENTER CAL ATTEN ERROR 1.
2. At the prompt, enter the five step-attenuator correction constants
(resolution to 0.01 dB) listed in the Correction Constant
Backup-Data Record, then terminate each entry with either +dBm of
−dBm, as appropriate. Typically 1 and 2 dB step errors are negative.
The 4 and 8 dB steps are positive. The 16 dB step is always 0 dB.
Each entry is displayed to the left of the graticule as an amplitude
offset, but only with 0.1 dB resolution. A PRESET occurs after the
16 dB step-attenuator error is entered.
Reload the differential phase calibration constant

This step is for instruments equipped with Option 107 only.
1. Install 85721A Cable TV Measurements Personality.
Refer to your cable TV measurements user's guide for the procedure
to load this personality.
Press FREQUENCY
Enter −2001, Hz
Press CAL, More 1 of 4, More 2 of 4
Press Service Cal, Flatness Data
Press Store DP CAL
Enter −7373, Hz
208 Chapter 3
Instrument Calibration after Reloading the Correction Constants
Instrument Calibration after Reloading the

Correction Constants
It is necessary to calibrate the analyzer after reloading correction
constants. Refer to Chapter 2 in this service guide to perform the
following adjustments.
• Performing the CAL FREQ Adjustment Routine (for all
8590 E-Series and L-Series spectrum analyzers, 8591C cable TV
analyzers and 8594Q QAM analyzers)
• Performing the CAL AMPTD Adjustment Routine (for all
8590 E-Series and L-Series spectrum analyzers, 8591C cable TV
analyzers and 8594Q QAM analyzers)
• Performing the CAL YTF Adjustment Routine (for the 8592L, 8593E,
8595E or 8596E spectrum analyzers only)
• Performing the CAL MXR Adjustment Routine (for the 8592L,
8593E, 8595E or 8596E spectrum analyzers only)
• Adjusting the Display (for all 8590 E- and L-Series spectrum
analyzers, 8591C cable TV analyzers and 8594Q QAM analyzers))
• Adjusting the Time and Date (for all 8590 E-Series and L-Series
spectrum analyzers, 8591C cable TV analyzers and 8594Q QAM
analyzers)
The analyzer should now be fully restored to its previous state.
NOTE Instrument firmware expects the cal output signal to be 300 MHz
± 2 MHz. Sometimes the instrument default data is not able to tune the
cal signal within this range and a “cal signal not found” message may
appear on screen. Perform a cal output bypass check by pressing
Frequency, -37, Hz, Cal, Cal Freq. This will bypass the cal check and start
by calibrating the sweep ramp.
Chapter 3 209
Table 3-1 Correction Constant Backup-Data Record
Agilent Technologies Analyzer Model:_________________
Serial No.:_______________________ Date:___________________________
Table 3-2 RTXO Timebase Correction Constant

(Instruments without precision frequency reference)
Timebase _________________________________
Table 3-3 Frequency Response Correction Constants for the 8590L, 8591C,
or 8591E
Frequency Error Frequency Error Frequency Error Frequency Error
(MHz) (dB)* (MHz) (dB)* (MHz) (dB)* (MHz) (dB)*
4 _______ 485 _______ 966 _______ 1447 _______

41 _______ 522 _______ 1003 _______ 1484 _______
78 _______ 559 _______ 1040 _______ 1521 _______
115 _______ 596 _______ 1077 _______ 1558 _______
152 _______ 633 _______ 1114 _______ 1595 _______
189 _______ 670 _______ 1151 _______ 1632 _______
226 _______ 707 _______ 1188 _______ 1669 _______
263 _______ 744 _______ 1225 _______ 1706 _______
300 _______ 781 _______ 1262 _______ 1743 _______
337 _______ 818 _______ 1299 _______ 1780 _______
374 _______ 855 _______ 1336 _______ 1817 _______
411 _______ 892 _______ 1373 _______
448 _______ 929 _______ 1410 _______
* Instruments equipped with 75 Ω Input Impedance, display dBmV.
210 Chapter 3
Serial No.:_______________________ Date:___________________________
Table 3-5 Frequency-Response Correction Constants for 8592L, 8593E,

8594E, 8594L, 8594Q, 8595E, or 8596E Band 0

(GHz) (dB) (GHz) (dB) (GHz) (dB) (GHz) (dB)
0.012 _______ 0.804 _______ 1.596 _______ 2.388 _______
0.084 _______ 0.876 _______ 1.668 _______ 2.460 _______
0.156 _______ 0.948 _______ 1.740 _______ 2.532 _______
0.228 _______ 1.020 _______ 1.812 _______ 2.604 _______
0.300 _______ 1.092 _______ 1.884 _______ 2.676 _______
0.372 _______ 1.164 _______ 1.956 _______ 2.748 _______
0.444 _______ 1.236 _______ 2.028 _______ 2.820 _______
0.516 _______ 1.308 _______ 2.100 _______ 2.892 _______
0.588 _______ 1.380 _______ 2.172 _______
0.660 _______ 1.452 _______ 2.244 _______
0.732 _______ 1.524 _______ 2.316 _______
Table 3-6 Frequency-Response Correction Constants for 8592L, 8593E,

8595E, or 8596E Band 1

2.7500 _______ 3.9245 _______ 5.0990 _______ 6.235 _______
2.9849 _______ 4.1594 _______ 5.3339 _______ 6.5084 _______
3.2198 _______ 4.3943 _______ 5.5688 _______
3.4547 _______ 4.6292 _______ 5.8037 _______
3.6896 _______ 4.8641 _______ 6.0386 _______
Chapter 3 211
Serial No.:_______________________ Date:___________________________
Table 3-8 Frequency-Response Correction Constants for 8592L, 8593E, or

8596E Band 2

6.100 _______ 7.940 _______ 9.780 _______ 11.620 _______
6.284 _______ 8.124 _______ 9.964 _______ 11.804 _______
6.468 _______ 8.308 _______ 10.148 _______ 11.988 _______
6.652 _______ 8.492 _______ 10.332 _______ 12.172 _______
6.836 _______ 8.676 _______ 10.516 _______ 12.356 _______
7.020 _______ 8.860 _______ 10.700 _______ 12.540 _______
7.204 _______ 9.044 _______ 10.884 _______ 12.724 _______
7.388 _______ 9.228 _______ 11.068 _______
7.572 _______ 9.412 _______ 11.252 _______
7.756 _______ 9.596 _______ 11.436 _______
Table 3-9 Frequency-Response Correction Constants for 8592L or 8593E

Band 3

12.450 _______ 14.290 _______ 16.130 _______ 17.970 _______
12.680 _______ 14.520 _______ 16.360 _______ 18.200 _______
12.910 _______ 14.750 _______ 16.590 _______ 18.430 _______
13.140 _______ 14.980 _______ 16.820 _______ 18.660 _______
13.370 _______ 15.210 _______ 17.050 _______ 18.890 _______
13.600 _______ 15.440 _______ 17.280 _______ 19.120 _______
13.830 _______ 15.670 _______ 17.510 _______ 19.350 _______
14.060 _______ 15.900 _______ 17.740 _______
212 Chapter 3
Serial No.:_______________________ Date:___________________________

Band 4

19.150 _______ 19.900 _______ 20.650 _______ 21.400 _______
19.300 _______ 20.050 _______ 20.800 _______ 21.550 _______
19.450 _______ 20.200 _______ 20.950 _______ 21.700 _______
19.600 _______ 20.350 _______ 21.100 _______ 21.850 _______
19.750 _______ 20.500 _______ 21.250 _______ 22.000 _______

Band 4 (Option 026)

19.100 _______ 21.024 _______ 22.948 _______ 24.872 _______
19.248 _______ 21.172 _______ 23.096 _______ 25.020 _______
19.396 _______ 21.320 _______ 23.244 _______ 25.168 _______
19.544 _______ 21.468 _______ 23.392 _______ 25.316 _______
19.692 _______ 21.616 _______ 23.540 _______ 25.464 _______
19.840 _______ 21.764 _______ 23.688 _______ 25.612 _______
19.988 _______ 21.912 _______ 23.836 _______ 25.760 _______
20.136 _______ 22.060 _______ 23.984 _______ 25.908 _______
20.284 _______ 22.208 _______ 24.132 _______ 26.056 _______
20.432 _______ 22.356 _______ 24.280 _______ 26.204 _______
20.580 _______ 22.504 _______ 24.428 _______ 26.352 _______
20.728 _______ 22.652 _______ 24.576 _______ 26.500 _______
20.876 _______ 22.800 _______ 24.724 _______ _______
Chapter 3 213
Serial No.:_______________________ Date:___________________________
Table 3-14 A12 Step-Attenuator Correction Constants
Attenuator ERR (dB) Attenuator ERR (dB)

Step Step
1 dB _______ 4dB _______
2dB _______ 8dB _______
16dB _______
Table 3-15 CALTGX Correction Constants (Options 010 and 011)
Slope _______________________
Offset _______________________
214 Chapter 3
4 Troubleshooting the Analyzer
This chapter provides information that is useful when starting to

troubleshoot an analyzer failure. It provides procedures for
troubleshooting common failures and isolating problems in the
analyzer.
215
Troubleshooting the Analyzer
Before You Start
Additional troubleshooting details for specific assemblies are available

in Chapter 5 and Chapter 6 of this service guide. Assembly
descriptions are located in Chapter 9.
Component-level information for the 8590 E-Series and L-Series
spectrum analyzers, 8591C cable TV analyzers, 8594Q QAM analyzers
is provided in the 8590 Series Analyzers Component-Level Repair
Service Guide binder. Refer to Chapter 12 for a list of available
component-level service information.
Before You Start

There are four things you should do before starting to troubleshoot a
failure.
instrument, and read the general safety considerations and the
safety note definitions given in the front of the this guide.
• The analyzer contains static sensitive components. Read the section
entitled “Protection From Electrostatic Discharge” in step 1.
information in this chapter and the chapters that follow.

considerations at the beginning of this service guide before
operating the unit with the cover removed. Failure to heed the
safety precautions can result in severe or fatal injury.
216 Chapter 4
Before You Start
Service equipment you will need

Refer to in Table 1-7, “Recommended Test Equipment,” in Chapter 1 of
the 8590 Series Analyzers Calibration Guide for a list of the
recommended test equipment needed to troubleshoot and repair the
analyzer. Although Agilent Technologies equipment is recommended,
any equipment that meets the critical specifications given in the table
can be substituted for the recommended model.
Refer to Chapter 15 of this guide for a list of required service and hand
tools needed to troubleshoot and repair the analyzer.
Replacement assemblies
Some of the 8590 E-Series and L-Series spectrum analyzers, 8591C
cable TV analyzer, and 8594Q QAM analyzer assemblies are not
repairable to the component level. The following assemblies are not
repairable to the component level and must be replaced as an assembly.
• A2 display
• A3 input attenuator (8590L, 8591E, and 8591C only)
• A3A2 RF switch (8592L, 8593E, 8595E, and 8596E only)
• A3A3 2.9 GHz low-pass filter (8592L, 8593E, 8594E, 8594L,
8594Q, 8595E, and 8596E only)
• A3A4 second converter (8592L, 8593E, 8594E, 8594L, 8594Q, 8595E,
and 8596E only)
• A3A5 input attenuator (8592L, 8593E, 8594E, 8594L, 8594Q, 8595E,
and 8596E only)
• A3A6 dual mixer (8592L, 8593E, 8595E, and 8596E only)
• A3A6 low band mixer (8594E, 8594L, and 8594Q only)
• A3A7 YTO (8592L, 8593E, 8594E, 8594L, 8594Q, 8595E, and 8596E
only)
• A3A8 YTF (8592L and 8593E only)
• A3A8 switched YTF (8595E, and 8596E only)
• A3A9 321.4 MHz bandpass filter (8592L, 8593E, 8594E, 8594L,
8594Q,8595E, and 8596E only)
• A3A14 first LO distribution amplifier (Option 009, 010 only)
• A3A15 tracking generator (Option 010 only)
• A4 first converter (8590L, 8591E, and 8591C only)
• A6 YTO (8590L, 8591E, and 8591C only)
• A8 power supply
• A22 10 MHz precision frequency reference
Chapter 4 217
Before You Start
• A25A1 sampler
• A26 TV tuner module (Option 107) Qualified Service Center Only
• A130 narrow bandwidth (Option 030 only)
Refer to Chapter 12 when ordering replacement assemblies.
After an analyzer repair

If one or more analyzer assemblies have been repaired or replaced,
perform the related adjustments and performance verification tests.
Refer to Chapter 2 for a table of the related adjustments and
performance verification tests required for each assembly.
218 Chapter 4
Problems at Instrument Power-Up

This section describes symptoms that can occur when the analyzer is
first powered on.
CAUTION Immediately unplug the analyzer from the ac power line if the unit
shows any of the following symptoms.
• Smoke, arcing, or unusual noise from inside the unit.
• No response of any kind when unit is plugged into ac power mains
and turned on.
• The analyzer ac power fuse blows.
• A circuit breaker or fuse on the main ac power line opens.
These potentially serious faults must be corrected before proceeding.
Refer to “Troubleshooting an Inoperative Analyzer.”
Note that analyzers equipped with the AM/FM speaker (Options 102,
103, or 110) normally emit noise from the speaker at power-up. This is
not a problem, adjust the volume control as desired.
Table 4-1 lists symptoms that can occur when the instrument is first
powered on. Refer to this table for an overview of symptoms at
power-up and their possible cause.
Chapter 4 219
Table 4-1 Instrument Failure Symptoms at Power-On
Possible Cause
A8 LED +15 V
A8 LED +12 V
A8 LED −15 V
A8 LED +5 V
A2 Display
Line LED
B1 Fan
ON ON ON ON ON ON ON Normal Operation*
OFF ON ON ON ON ON ON W1 wiring to Line LED, or Line

LED
OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF Line fuse, A8 primary circuit
failure
ON M M M M M X A8 primary overload
ON OFF ON ON ON ON X −15 V supply failure
ON OFF M M M M X −15 V supply overload
ON ON OFF ON ON ON X +15 V supply failure
ON M OFF M M M X +15 V supply overload
ON M M OFF M M X +5 V supply failure or supply

overload
ON ON ON ON OFF OFF OFF +12 V supply failure
ON M M M OFF OFF OFF +12 V supply overload
ON ON ON ON ON OFF ON Fan failure or open along +12 V

supply line to fan
ON ON ON ON ON ON OFF NoWRUP signal
ON ON ON ON ON ON X A16 assembly failure
ON ON ON ON ON ON OFF Display failure, intensity-control

failure, or A16 memory failure
ON ON ON ON ON ON M Intensity control failure, or A16

memory failure
M = LED or assembly is momentarily on, then goes off.
X = Status of LED or assembly does not matter.
* DS13 remains on after PRESET is pressed.
220 Chapter 4
Troubleshooting an Inoperative Analyzer

When an analyzer appears to be inoperative, there is often little
evidence that points directly to the cause. This section provides steps
and solutions to typical failure modes relating to an inoperative
analyzer.
Before troubleshooting an analyzer, ensure that it has been set up
correctly and the power supply is functioning properly by performing
step 1 and step 2 below.
Step 1. Check the Analyzer Setup

• Check that the voltage-selector switch on the rear of the A8 power
supply is correct for the ac power line in use.
• Check that the ac line-power voltage is present and that the
instrument line cord is in good condition.
• Check the line fuse. If it has blown, perhaps a nonstandard fuse with
too low a current rating was installed. If the line fuse still blows,
continue with the section entitled “If the line fuse has blown.”
WARNING For continued protection against fire hazard, replace fuse only
with same type and ratings, (type 5A/250V). Failure to use the
proper fuse specified for the analyzer can cause substantial
instrument damage. The use of other fuses or materials is
prohibited.
Step 2. Check the Power Supply

The power supply voltages are checked using a digital voltmeter.
assembly.
2. Connect the DMM test leads from the chassis (ground) to A16TP403.
See Figure 4-1.

the safety symbols provided on the analyzer, and in the general
safety instructions in this guide, before operating the unit with
the cover removed. Ensure that safety instructions are strictly
followed. Failure to do so can result in severe or fatal injury.
Chapter 4 221
Figure 4-1 A16 Power Supply Test Point Location

4. Locate the power supply test point using Figure 4-1. Check the
supply voltages as indicated in Table 4-2. Be sure the voltage
readings are within the limits shown in Table 4-2.
5. Repeat step 4 for each power supply listed in Table 4-2.
Table 4-2 Power Supply Tolerances
Power Supply Test Point Specification
+5.1 V A16TP403 +5.0 to +5.25 Vdc
+12.0 V A16TP404 +11.1 to +12.8 Vdc
+15.0 V A16TP401 +14.7 to +15.25 Vdc

−15.0 V A16TP402 −14.7 to −15.25 Vdc
If the line fuse has blown

If the instrument was set up correctly, and the line fuse still blows,
suspect that the power supply is defective.
CAUTION The A8 power supply assembly is a switching power-supply and does

not operate normally without a load on the dc power-supply outputs. Do
not attempt to operate the power supply out of the instrument. Damage
to the power supply may occur.
222 Chapter 4
If the fan is not operating
CAUTION The A8 power supply may be hot if the instrument has been operating
without the fan running. Allow the instrument to cool down before
troubleshooting.
The B1 Fan receives +12 Vdc from the A8 power supply after the power
supply receives the start-up signal, low-power-on (LPWRON) from the
front-panel LINE switch. First check the +12 Vdc supply to the fan at
the Rear Frame.
1. Disconnect the line-power cord from the analyzer.
2. Look through the fan grill. If the cables routed near the fan are
jammed in the fan, remove the fan from the rear frame, reroute the
cables, and remount the fan.
3. Remove the fan from the rear frame and disconnect its wiring
connector from A15J19.
4. Reconnect line power to the analyzer and turn it on.
5. Refer to “A15 Motherboard Assembly” in Chapter 5 for the pin
identification of the fan-supply connector, A15J19, and the A8
power-supply connector, A8J1.
6. Check that pin 2 on A15J19 is connected to digital common-ground
(DCOM). If the ground connection is open, suspect the A15
Motherboard.
7. Check pin 1 on A15J19 for +12 Vdc.
If the +12 Vdc is present, check for a defective B1 fan assembly by
connecting the fan to an external DC supply.
Chapter 4 223
If the +12 Vdc is absent, do the following:

• Disconnect the analyzer from the line power.
• Remove the A8 power supply.
• Check the continuity of the A15 motherboard from pin 1 on
A15J19 to pin 8 on A15J13.
• If the continuity of the motherboard is correct, suspect a bad
connection on the D sub-connector (between pin 8 on A15J13 and
pin 8 on A8J1) or a defective power supply.
If all the A8 power-supply LEDs are off

If all the power-supply LEDs remain off, the low-power-on (LPWRON)
control line must be checked from the front-panel line switch, through
the A16 processor/video assembly and A15 Motherboard, to the A8
power supply.
1. Disconnect the analyzer line-power cord, remove the instrument
cover, and turn the instrument so its bottom side faces up.
2. Check that the line switch provides the correct LPWRON signal at
pin 2 on A16J9.
• LPWRON becomes TTL low when the line switch is on. The
closed switch connects A16J9 pin 2 to the digital common-ground
(DCOM) through the W1 wiring harness.
• LPWRON is pulled TTL high by the power supply when the line
switch is in STANDBY.
3. Check the continuity of the LPWRON signal trace from pin 2 on
A16J9 to pin 19 on A15J13. Refer to Figure 4-2 for the pin
designations of the A15J13 connector.
4. Refer to “A15 Motherboard Assembly” in Chapter 5 for the
connector-pin designations of the A16 and A15 assemblies.
5. If the LPWRON signal path from the previous step is correct,
suspect a bad connection on the D sub-connector (between pin 19 on
A15J13 and pin 19 on A8J1) or a defective power supply. Isolate the
failure to the power supply by substituting another power supply
assembly into the analyzer.
224 Chapter 4
Figure 4-2 A15J13 Connector-Pin Designation
If individual A8 power-supply LEDs are off

If one or more of the A8 power-supply LEDs remain off, determine
whether the power supply is defective or circuitry on the dc
power-supply distribution network is loading the power supply down by
substituting another power supply assembly.
If all the A8 power-supply LEDs are on

If all the A8 power-supply LEDs are on, check the dc power-supply
voltages on the A16 processor/video assembly. Check each voltage at the
A16 assembly test points, TP401 through TP404. Refer to Foldout 11-1
for the dc-voltage assignment of each test point.
If a dc voltage is missing, suspect an open connection in the dc
power-supply distribution network. Refer to “A15 Motherboard
Assembly” in Chapter 5 for the connector-pin designation of each
assembly connected to the missing dc voltage supply.
Chapter 4 225
If Using Defaults <N> is displayed

A dead BT101 battery will cause the loss of all correction-factor and
correction-constant data. When the data stored in memory is lost, the
analyzer substitutes the default-correction data stored in ROM and
performs the instrument-preset routine. The message
Using Defaults <N> will appear on the analyzer display (where N is
an integer that represents a code that was used during the development
of the analyzer firmware).
If the battery is dead, replace the battery as described in Chapter 7
then reload the correction constants as described in Chapter 3 of this
service guide.
226 Chapter 4
Troubleshooting the A2 Display Assembly

Use this section when the A8 power supply is functioning but there
appears to be a defective A2 display assembly. Check the following
conditions before proceeding with the A2 display troubleshooting
procedures.
❏ Check that the B1 Fan is running and the green LED above the LINE
switch is on when the analyzer is on. If they are not operating, refer
to the appropriate section of “Troubleshooting an Inoperative
Analyzer.”
❏ Check the five LEDs on the A8 power supply assembly. If they are
not on, refer to the appropriate section of “Troubleshooting an
Inoperative Analyzer.”
Note that the A8 power supply draws current whenever ac line
power is applied, even when the LINE switch is in the STANDBY
position. However, no voltages are distributed outside the A8 power
supply assembly when the LINE switch is in the STANDBY position,
except for a TTL high on LPWRON.
❏ Check the dc power supplied to the A2 display. There is a separate
12 V supply for the display assembly. This supply can be checked at
the output connector, A8J6, located on the right side of the A8 power
supply. Refer to Figure 4-3. If there is a failure, check the continuity
of the cable assembly W51 supplying the display, and the integrity of
the power supply using the procedures in this chapter.
Figure 4-3 Detail of Power Supply Connector, A8J6
Chapter 4 227
WARNING High voltage is present within the A2 display and remains for
some time after it has been disconnected. Be careful while
troubleshooting the display outside of its enclosure.
If an A2 display assembly failure is suspected, the display must be

removed from its enclosure for further troubleshooting. Refer to the A2
display assembly removal procedure in Chapter 3 before checking the
continuity of the W2 and W3 wire harnesses. If both W2 and W3 are
good, suspect the A2 display.
The A2 display is not field-repairable, and must be replaced as an
assembly. Refer to Chapter 10 for part number information.
After replacement, adjust the new display, refer to step 2.
If the display has an intensity problem
CAUTION The A1R1 potentiometer leads are easily broken. Do not twist the W3
wire harness where it attaches to A1R1.
1. Disconnect W3 from the A1R1 intensity control potentiometer on the

front frame.
2. Check the continuity and resistance range (0 to 100 kΩ) of the inner
potentiometer on A1R1.
3. Reconnect W3 to A1R1.
If the display is blank

1. Verify the MONITOR OUTPUT, located on the analyzer rear frame,
by performing the following:
• Attach an external monitor to the MONITOR OUTPUT
connector. The MONITOR OUTPUT is a NTSC composite video
with horizontal at 15.75 kHz and a vertical rate of 60 Hz.
• Adjust the horizontal hold on the external monitor, if necessary.
If a normal instrument display is present, the display failure is
limited to the A2 display and its related circuitry.
2. Verify the output of the drive circuitry from the A16 processor/video
assembly to the A2 display by performing the following steps.
• Position the analyzer with the bottom side facing up.
CAUTION Do not short any two of the A16J8 pins together. Damage to the output
buffer amplifiers located on the processor/video assembly may occur.
• Disconnect the W2 wire harness.
228 Chapter 4
• Refer to Figure 4-4 for the location of the test points and check
the following signals at A16J8 pins, using an oscilloscope.
❏ Check for a 60 Hz TTL signal with a pulse width of
approximately 0.2 ms and a repetition rate of approximately
18 ms at pin 2, vertical sync signal.
❏ Check for an approximately 2.5 V pk-pk video signal at pin 3,
video signal.
❏ Check for a 15.75 kHz TTL signal with a pulse width of
approximately 10 µs and a repetition rate of approximately
64 µs at pin 5, horizontal sync signal.
If the video, horizontal, and vertical signals are missing, but the
+12 V supply voltage is present, continue with step 3.
3. Check the +12 Vdc power supplied to the A2 display. There is a
separate 12 V supply for the display assembly. This supply can be
checked at the output connector, A8J6, located on the right side of
the A8 power supply. Refer to Figure 4-3. If there is a failure, check
the continuity of the cable assembly W51 supplying the display, and
the integrity of the power supply using the procedures in this
chapter.
Figure 4-4 A16J8 Display Signal Output Pins
Chapter 4 229
4. Verify the High-Power-Up signal from the A8 power supply by

checking for the +5 V TTL WRUP signal at pin 54 on the A16J1. The
A16J1 connector is on the trace side of the A16 processor/video
assembly. Refer to Figure 4-5 for the numbering order of A16J1
connector-pins accessible from the component side of the A16
Note that the A8 power supply assembly sends the high-power-up
(WRUP) signal to the A16 processor/video assembly after it receives
the low-power-on (LPWRON) signal and the +5 V supply has
stabilized. If WRUP is low, the display remains blank and the A16
failure LEDs (DS1 through DS16) will not come on during power-up.
• If the WRUP signal is missing, trace the signal back through the
A15 motherboard to the A8 power supply assembly, pin 37 on
A8J1. Refer to “A15 Motherboard Assembly” in Chapter 5 for the
connector-pin designation of the WRUP signal path.
Note that if your analyzer is an 8590 E-Series, 8591C, or 8594Q
QAM analyzer, the WRUP signal can be measured on pin 55 of
each card-cage slot on the A15 motherboard. Refer to Figure 4-6
for the numbering order of the connector pins on A15J3 through
A15J6.
• If the WRUP signal is present, yet one or more of the A16
processor/video assembly outputs is incorrect, suspect a defective
A16 processor/video assembly. Before replacing the A16
processor/video assembly, refer to Chapter 3 in this service guide.
• If all the A16 display outputs are correct, suspect a defective A2
display.
230 Chapter 4
Figure 4-5 A16J1 Connector-Pin Orientation
Figure 4-6 Card-Cage Connector-Pin Orientation
Chapter 4 231
Isolating an RF, LO, IF, or Video Problem

This section provides techniques for isolating amplitude failures along
the signal path from the analyzer input to the A16 processor/video
assembly. These troubleshooting methods isolate the failure to one of
four functional sections in the analyzer.
• The RF section. This section includes the assemblies from the
analyzer input to the input of the A9 third converter assembly.
• The LO section. This section involves the assemblies that provide a
local oscillator output to the RF section. The A25 counterlock
assembly is one of the assemblies involved (for counterlocked
analyzers only).
• The IF section. This section includes the assemblies from the input
of the A9 third converter to the output of the A14 log amplifier
assembly.
• The video section. This includes the circuitry from the output of the
A14 log amplifier assembly to the ADC section on the A16
processor/video. This section of the analyzer processes the detected
21.4 MHz IF signal from the IF section.
Procedure for Isolating an RF, LO, IF, or Video Failure

Perform the following procedure to isolate an RF, LO, IF, or Video
problem.
1. With the failure symptoms present, switch the analyzer from
positive-peak detector to sample-detector mode.
• If the analyzer returns to normal operation, the positive-peak
detector is defective.
• If the failure symptoms remain, continue with the next step.
2. Verify the 2 V reference detector and the ground reference detector
are operating properly by performing the internal service-diagnostic
routines in this chapter.
• If either the 2 V or ground reference detectors are not operating
properly, suspect the ADC circuitry on the A16 processor/video
board assembly.
• If the 2 V or ground reference detectors are functioning properly,
continue with the next step.
3. Use the display calibration data to find the DAC value used to adjust
the gain at the output of the A9 third converter assembly. The DAC
value is in the REF LVL CAL DAC block. Refer to the internal
service-diagnostic routines in this chapter.
232 Chapter 4
The DAC value is unique for each analyzer. The CAL AMPTD
self-calibration routine adjusts this value based on the amplitude of
the digitized video signal on the processor/video board assembly. The
calibration routine makes this adjustment while calibrating the
reference level at top screen.
After running the CAL AMPTD calibration routine, the REF LVL CAL
DAC has a typical value of 165 with a range of 130 to 185. The
higher the DAC value, the greater the output from the A9 third
converter assembly.
4. Check the signal path from the analyzer input to the output of the
A14 log amplifier assembly. Refer to “IF Power-Level Measurement”
located in Chapter 5 of this guide.
5. Measure the 321.4 MHz input to the A9 third converter assembly by
connecting the CAL OUT to the INPUT 50Ω with a BNC cable.
75 Ω input only: Connect the CAL OUT to the INPUT 75Ω with the
75 Ω BNC cable.
Then, disconnect the W9 cable assembly from the third converter
and measure at the cable output.
The 321.4 MHz input typically measures between −36 and −39 dBm
with zero input attenuation.
• If the REF LVL CAL DAC value is 255 and the input to the A9
third converter assembly is above the test limit, suspect a low
gain problem in the IF section. Continue with the troubleshooting
procedures in “IF Power-Level Measurement.”
• If the REF LVL CAL DAC value is 0 and the input to the A9 third
converter assembly is nominal, suspect a high gain problem in
the IF section. Continue with the troubleshooting procedures in
“IF Power-Level Measurement.”
• If the REF LVL CAL DAC value is 255 and the input to the A9
third converter is below the test limit, suspect a low gain problem
in the RF/LO sections. Continue with the next step.
• If the REF LVL CAL DAC value is 0 and the input to the A9 third
converter is above the test limit, suspect a high gain problem in
the RF section. Continue with the next step.
6. Set up the analyzer as shown in “Instrument Settings for RF
Power-Level Measurement” in this chapter.
7. Isolate the failure to an RF or LO assembly by performing the RF
Power-Level Measurements procedure in Chapter 6 of this guide.
Once the problem has been isolated to one of the four sections, use
standard troubleshooting methods to locate the source of the failure.
The following failure symptoms are examples to help isolate a failure to
either the RF, LO, IF, or Video sections.
Chapter 4 233
If there is only a horizontal trace with no signal

or noise floor present
1. Check for a peak-detector failure by switching between the
positive-peak detector and sample detector modes.
2. Perform the 2 V reference detector and ground reference detector
diagnostic routines. Refer to “Using the Internal Service-Diagnostic
Routines” in this chapter.
located in Chapter 5 of this service guide.
If the analyzer displays a low signal level

A low signal level can cause the CAL AMPTD self-calibration routine to
stop if the REF LVL CAL DAC reaches 255. The routine does not store
the correction factors from an incomplete calibration; however, the
corrections from the incomplete calibration are temporarily retained
and can be viewed by displaying the calibration data (DISPLAY CAL
DATA) as described in “Using the Internal Service-Diagnostic Routines.”
Refer to Chapter 14 for a description of the displayed error message.
Perform the following steps to help isolate the problem.
1. Check the amplitude of the CAL OUT signal and ensure that the
CAL OUT signal is properly connected to the analyzer input. (The
self-calibration routines perform an initial setup check. If the signal
level is below −40 dBm, the routine fails.)
2. Use DEFAULT CAL DATA to set the REF LVL CAL DAC to a default
value of 200 by pressing the following analyzer keys.
FREQUENCY, − 2001, Hz
DEFAULT CAL DATA
If the analyzer displays a high noise floor

This problem can be due to low gain somewhere along the RF or IF
signal path.
The CAL AMPTD self-calibration routine compensates for the low gain
by increasing the gain of the A9 Third Converter assembly using the
REF LVL CAL DAC. The excessive gain may cause the high noise floor
by amplifying the noise level from the RF section, or over-driving a
stage in the IF section.
234 Chapter 4
The analyzer may also fail the displayed average noise performance
verification test.
1. Check the REF LVL CAL DAC value using DISPLAY CAL DATA as
described in “Using the Internal Service-Diagnostic Routines.” This
type of problem causes the DAC value to be close to the 255
maximum.
75 Ω BNC cable.
If the displayed signal amplitude appears too

high
This problem is caused by high gain somewhere along the RF or IF
signal path. The displayed CAL OUT signal appears to have an
amplitude greater than −20 dBm. The excessive gain causes a
calibration error that makes the CAL OUT signal appear higher than
normal.
The CAL AMPTD self-calibration routine may not fail.
• Check for a REF LVL CAL DAC value of 0 using DISPLAY CAL DATA
as described in “Using the Internal Service-Diagnostic Routines.”
The values in the ERR column are 0.00 or have a negative value.
• Measure the 321.4 MHz input to the A9 third converter assembly by
75 Ω BNC cable.
• Check the signal path from the analyzer input to the output of the
Chapter 4 235
If the displayed signal is distorted

This failure may result in the displayed signal having distinct lobes on
each side. A high noise floor may also be present.
Note that an intermittent hardware failure during the CAL AMPTD
self-calibration routine can cause this type of amplitude failure. The
erroneous calibration data causes the failure symptoms even while the
hardware is operating normally.
1. If the signal looks normal when CORRECT ON OFF is off, check the
values in the RFATN and SGAIN columns using DISPLAY CAL DATA
as described in “Using the Internal Service-Diagnostic Routines.”
If a correction factor in either column is greater than two, there may
be a failure on the input attenuator or the A12 amplitude control
assembly.
Refer to Chapter 13 for the description of the corrections that are
disabled when CORRECT ON OFF is off.
2. Troubleshoot the input attenuator or step gain symptoms with
CORRECT ON OFF turned off.

75 Ω BNC cable.
Recalibration of the analyzer is necessary after the adjustment or
replacement of each suspect assembly. A functioning analyzer may still
appear to be defective if calibration data from before the repair is used.
If the signal is off frequency

This failure may result in the CAL FREQ self-calibration routine failing.
Perform all of the internal service-diagnostic routines.
Refer to “Using the Internal Service-Diagnostic Routines” in this
chapter.
236 Chapter 4
If the signal is off frequency in spans <10 MHz

only
1. Perform all of the internal service-diagnostic routines. Refer to
“Using the Internal Service-Diagnostic Routines” in this chapter.
2. For analyzers equipped with an A25 counterlock assembly only:
Disconnect the A25 counterlock assembly, perform the FREQ CAL
calibration routine, then operate the analyzer as an unlock
instrument.
If the analyzer is corrected, suspect the A25 counterlock assembly.
If the signal displays in low band only

This symptom only applies to the 8592L, 8593E, 8594E, 8594L, 8594Q,
8595E, and 8596E spectrum analyzers.
Perform all of the internal service-diagnostic routines. Refer to “Using
the Internal Service-Diagnostic Routines” in this chapter.
If the A7 Analog Interface board assembly appears to be functioning
properly, see the appropriate section of Chapter 6 for your analyzer.
Chapter 4 237
Using the Internal Service-Diagnostic Routines
Using the Internal Service-Diagnostic

Routines
analyzers, and 8594Q QAM analyzers have an internal
service-diagnostics routine menu available within the calibration
menus.
Reference voltages and ramps are routed through a MUX located on the
A7 analog interface board assembly. These voltages and ramps can be
displayed on the analyzer or on an oscilloscope by connecting a probe to
A7TP2 when a service-diagnostic routine is performed. The only
exception is the 2VREF and GNDREF, these reference voltages
originate on the A16 processor/video board assembly.
The service-diagnostic routines included in this section are the most
useful routines used to help isolate problems with the A7 analog
interface and A16 processor/video board assemblies. Illustrations are
included with each procedure to show the expected displayed results.
Access the service-diagnostic routine softkeys by pressing the following
analyzer keys.
SERV DIAG
Note that whenever an analyzer setting has been changed while in a
service-diagnostic routine, you must return to the service-diagnostic
routine softkey menu by pressing the key sequence listed above.
If a flat line appears at midscreen

When a service-diagnostic routine is selected and only a flat line
appears at midscreen, connect an oscilloscope to A7TP2. If the expected
signal is there, then the ANA_TEST line is either shorted or open. This
can be caused by bent pins or solder bridges on either the A7, A16, or
A15 board assemblies. This condition will cause the frequency
calibration routine to fail, as it uses this line to set up the sweep ramp
at the beginning of the calibration routine.
If a service-diagnostic routine fails

When a service-diagnostic routine fails, it is recommended to continue
verifying the rest of the service-diagnostic routines to isolate a failure
for further troubleshooting. For example, the main coil driver is
dependent on the sweep ramp and the −10 V reference to function
properly.
238 Chapter 4
Verify the displayed calibration data

SERV DIAG
DISPLAY CAL DATA
2. Verify that the digital correction values are within their limits. Refer
to Chapter 14 for typical examples of the calibration data displays.
• If default values are being used, all digital corrections should be
zero.
• If corrections are being used, make sure that all digital
corrections are present. Typical values should be below 1.00.
3. Return to the diagnostics menu by pressing the following analyzer
keys.
PRESET
FREQUENCY, BAND LOCK, 0-2.9 GHz BAND 0 (except 8590L,
8591E, and 8594E)
SERV DIAG, More 1
Chapter 4 239
Verify the 2 V reference detector

This service-diagnostic routine verifies the 2 V reference circuitry on
the A16 processor/video board.
Verify the 2 V reference by pressing 2V REF DETECTOR.
• If the signal trace is at the top of the display, the 2 V reference is
functioning properly. See Figure 4-7.
• If the signal is not at the top of the display, the problem is isolated
to the A16 processor/video board assembly. Refer to
“Troubleshooting the A16 Processor/Video Board Assembly”
located in this chapter for further troubleshooting.
Figure 4-7 2 V Reference Detector
240 Chapter 4
Verify the ground reference detector

This service-diagnostic routine verifies the ground reference circuitry
on the A16 processor/video board.
Verify the ground reference by pressing GND REF.
• If the signal trace is at the bottom of the display, the ground
reference is functioning properly. See Figure 4-8.
• If the signal is not at the bottom of the display, the problem is
isolated to the A16 processor/video board assembly. Refer to
“Troubleshooting the A16 Processor/Video Board Assembly”
located in this chapter for further troubleshooting.
Figure 4-8 Ground Reference Detector
Chapter 4 241
Verify the main coil driver

This service-diagnostic routine verifies that the ramp is driving the
YTO.
1. Select a single band (if more than one band is available on your
analyzer).
Note that any band is acceptable unless the problem is isolated to a
specific band. In that case, choose the appropriate band. Figure 4-9
uses Band 0 as an example.
keys.
FREQUENCY, BAND LOCK, 0-2.9 GHz BAND 0
SERV DIAG, More 1

3. Verify the main coil driver by pressing MAIN COIL DRIVE.
• If the signal trace is similar to Figure 4-9, the main coil driver is
functioning properly.
• If the signal is not similar, suspect the A7 analog interface
assembly.
Figure 4-9 Main Coil Driver Typical Display
242 Chapter 4
Verify the FM coil driver

It is only necessary to perform this service-diagnostic routine if the
failure appears in narrow spans (10 MHz and below).
1. Set the analyzer span to 10 MHz.
Be sure to set the span before performing the service-diagnostic
routine. For example, if the span is not set first, the trace will appear
at the top of the display instead of the expected ramp.
keys.
SERV DIAG, More 1
3. Verify the FM coil driver by pressing FM COIL DRIVE.

• If the signal trace is similar to Figure 4-10, the FM coil driver is
• If the signal is not similar, suspect the A7 analog interface board
assembly.
• For analyzers equipped with an A25 counterlock assembly only: If
all other service-diagnostic routines operate properly, disconnect
the A25 counterlock assembly, perform the FREQ CAL
calibration routine, then operate the analyzer as an unlock
instrument.
If the analyzer is corrected, suspect the A25 counterlock
assembly.
Figure 4-10 FM Coil Driver with ≤ 10 MHz Span
Chapter 4 243
Verify the FM coil driver for spans >10 MHz

It is only necessary to perform this service-diagnostic routine if the
failure appears in spans wider than 10 MHz.
1. Set the analyzer span to 11 MHz.
2. Return to the diagnostics menu by pressing:
SERV DIAG, More 1
3. Verify the FM coil driver by pressing FM COIL DRIVE.

• If the signal trace is similar to Figure 4-11 the FM coil driver is
• If the signal is not similar continue with the next
service-diagnostic routine.
Figure 4-11 FM Coil Driver with >10 MHz Span
244 Chapter 4
Verify the sweep ramp

1. Verify the sweep ramp by pressing:
SPAN, 10, MHz, CAL, More 1 of 4, More 2 of 4,
SERV DIAG, More 1, More 2, SWEEP RAMP
• If the signal trace is similar to Figure 4-12 the sweep ramp is

NOTE Before a successful frequency calibration is performed, the ramp will

not be corner to corner, but will have some overshoot or undershoot.
• If the signal is not similar suspect the A7 analog interface board

assembly. Refer to Chapter 6 for further information about
troubleshooting the A7 board assembly.
2. Change the analyzer sweep time.
NOTE It is recommended that all sweep times be checked due to the A7 analog
interface board assembly operating differently for the different RC
combinations. This can result in the analyzer appearing to operate
properly in one sweep time and not in another.
Figure 4-12 Typical Sweep Ramp Display
Chapter 4 245
Verify the 10 V reference detector

This service-diagnostic routine verifies the 10 V reference. +10 V is
used as a reference for the DACs and originates on the A7 analog
interface board assembly. Frequency and amplitude errors will occur if
this voltage is incorrect.
keys.
SERV DIAG, More 1, More 2, More 3
2. Verify the 10 V reference detector by pressing 10V REF DETECTOR.

• If the signal trace is at the top of the display, the 10 V reference
detector is functioning properly. See Figure 4-13.
• If the signal is not at the top of the display, the problem is isolated
to the A7 analog interface board assembly. Refer to Chapter 6 for
further troubleshooting.
Figure 4-13 10 V Reference Detector
246 Chapter 4
Verify the −10 V reference detector

This service-diagnostic routine verifies the −10 V reference. −10 V is
summed with the tuning voltages and used in the main coil driver and
originates on the A7 analog interface board assembly. Frequency and
amplitude errors will occur if this voltage is incorrect.
Verify the −10 V reference detector by pressing −10V REF DETECTOR.
• If the signal trace is at the bottom of the display, the −10 V
reference detector is functioning properly. See Figure 4-14.
• If the signal is not at the bottom of the display, the problem is
isolated to the A7 analog interface board assembly. Refer to
Chapter 6 for further troubleshooting.
Figure 4-14 −10 V Reference Detector
Chapter 4 247
Verify the YTF driver

This service-diagnostic routine applies only to the 8592L, 8593E,
8595E, and 8596E spectrum analyzers with high band problems. This
routine verifies the YTF driver. The YTF is a sensitive device and the
minimum of ramp voltage error can result in the YTF being out of
specification.
1. Enter band 1 by pressing the following analyzer keys.
FREQUENCY, BAND LOCK, 2.75 - 6.5 BAND 1
Note that any band, other than band 0, is acceptable.

2. Verify the YTF driver by pressing:
CAL, More 1 of 4, More 2 of 4,
SERV DIAG, More 1, More 2, More 3, More 4, More 5,
YTF DRIVER
• Bands 2, 3, and 4 will have a similar display at different

positions on the display.
• If the signal trace is similar to Figure 4-15, the YTF driver is
• If the signal is not similar, suspect the A7 analog interface
board assembly. Refer to Chapter 6 for further information
about troubleshooting the A7 board assembly.
Figure 4-15 YTF Driver
248 Chapter 4
Troubleshooting the A16 Processor/Video Board Assembly
Troubleshooting the A16 Processor/Video

Board Assembly
After you have determined that the problem is caused by the A16
processor/video assembly, use the following procedures. The 8590 Series
Analyzers Component-Level Repair Service Guide is required to assist
with these procedures. Refer to Chapter 13 for a list of available
If a signal cannot be displayed

If a signal cannot be displayed, and it has been determined that a
top-screen signal of two volts is present at VIDEO_IF, the problem may
be on the A16 processor/video board assembly.
1. Put 0 V into the video circuit, simulating a bottom-screen signal
level condition by setting the diagnostic to the ground reference
detector. Refer to “Verify the ground reference detector” located in
this chapter.
Use an oscilloscope to check for the following conditions. Refer to
Sheet 2 of 4 of the A16 processor/video board assembly
component-level information.
• Check for 0 V throughout the signal path through U201, U61,
U45, and U46.
• Check the offset by measuring the inverting and noninverting
pins on U201, U61, U45, and U46. The difference between both
measured values should not exceed 5 mV.
2. Replace any components with excess offset voltage.
3. Put 2 V into the video circuit, simulating a top-screen signal level
condition by setting the diagnostic to the 2 V reference detector.
Refer to “Verify the 2 V reference detector” located in this chapter.
Use an oscilloscope to check for the following conditions. Refer to
Sheet 2 of 4 of the A16 processor/video board assembly
component-level information.
• Check for 2 V throughout the signal path through U201, U61,
U45, and U46.
• Check the offset by measuring the inverting and noninverting
pins on U201, U61, U45, and U46. The difference between both
measured values should not exceed 5 mV.
4. Replace any components with excess offset voltage.
Chapter 4 249
5. Switch between POS PEAK and SAMPLE detector modes. If the

signal appears when in the SAMPLE detector, suspect something in
the positive-peak detector circuit.
If the analyzer does not respond (locked up)

If the analyzer is not responding or is continuously doing instrument
presets, and cycling power does not correct the problem, perform the
following steps.
1. Check for a defective Down Loadable Program (DLP) that has been
installed into the analyzer.
2. Clear the user memory by performing the step, for your analyzer,
listed below.
If the analyzer is equipped with Option 023 (RS-232 remote
interface), connect it to a computer. Execute the Break command,
and press the following analyzer keys.
CONFIG, More 1 of 3, More 2 of 3
DISPOSE USER MEM
DISPOSE USER MEM

If the analyzer is equipped with Option 021 (IB remote interface),
connect it to a controller. Execute the following remote program
line to erase user memory and clear the problem.
SEND 7;UNL MTA LISTEN 18 CMD 12
Perform a free-run check

This procedure allows you to set the microprocessor to a known state so
that certain basic functions can be checked. A MOVEQ instruction is
read from the system data bus. The MOVEQ instruction may be
thought of as a no operation (NOP) for this procedure. The
microprocessor will increment the address lines A1 through A23, then
continue to read data on the system data bus.
1. Turn the analyzer power off.
2. Remove A16U25 (16 pin DIP jumper pack.)
3. Connect a clip lead from A16TP1 pin 7 to ground.
4. Turn the analyzer power on.
CAUTION While measuring pins on the microprocessor chip, exerting too much
pressure on a pin may cause one of the data lines to open. This may
result in factory correction constants to be erased.
250 Chapter 4
5. Check A16U12 for the conditions described in Table 4-3 while in the
free-run mode. Refer to the component-level information for the A16
processor/video board assembly.
Figure 4-16 A16U12 Pin Location
Table 4-3 Free-Run Mode Test Points on A16
A16U12 A16U12
Pin Free-Run Mode
Location Condition
6 AS is toggling
7 UDS is toggling
8 LDS is toggling
9 R/W is logical one
32–55 Address lines A1 through A23 are

counting in binary where: A1 (pin
32) = LSB
6. Check for +5 V at pin 1 of ROM's U6, U7, U23, and U24.

The Free-Run Check is now complete.
7. Turn the analyzer power off.
8. Remove the clip lead from A16TP1 pin 7 and ground.
9. Replace A16U25 (16 pin DIP jumper pack).
10.Turn the analyzer power on.
Chapter 4 251
252 Chapter 4
5 Troubleshooting the IF Section
This chapter provides troubleshooting information for the IF section of
the 8590 E-Series and L-Series spectrum analyzers and 8591C cable TV
analyzers and 8594Q QAM analyzers. Troubleshooting information for
tracing signals on the A15 motherboard assembly is also provided.
Refer to Chapter 4, “Troubleshooting the Analyzer” for procedures that
are useful when first starting to troubleshoot an analyzer failure.
253
Troubleshooting the IF Section
Before You Start
Before You Start

There are four things you should do before starting to troubleshoot an
analyzer failure.
analyzer, and read the general safety instructions and the symbol
entitled “Protection from Electrostatic Discharge” in.
information in this service guide.

considerations in the front of this guide before operating the
unit with the cover removed. Failure to heed the safety
precautions can result in severe or fatal injury.
Service Equipment You Will Need

Refer to the table entitled, “Recommended Test Equipment,” in
Chapter 1 of the 8590 Series Analyzers Calibration Guide for a list of
the recommended test equipment needed to troubleshoot and repair the
analyzer. Although Agilent Technologies equipment is recommended,
any equipment that meets the critical specifications given in the table
can be substituted for the recommended model.
Refer to Chapter 15, “Service Equipment and Tools” of this guide for a
list of recommended service tools and required hand tools needed to
troubleshoot and repair the analyzer.
254 Chapter 5
After an Analyzer Repair

Refer to Chapter 2, “Making Adjustments” for a table of Adjustments
and Tests for Replaced or Repaired Assemblies, for the related
adjustments and performance verification tests required for each
assembly.
IF Section Information
This section provides the control details for the assemblies in the IF
section. The control-line outputs are valid when the instrument
settings provided with each table are used.
For many IF functions, the A7 analog interface assembly converts the
digital control signals from the A16 processor/video assembly to analog
control signals. Some analyzer functions are performed directly by the
A16 assembly. The A16 assembly also makes amplitude error
corrections to improve instrument performance. The analyzer-setting
changes and error-correction functions performed on the A16 assembly
are a combined mathematical offset of the digitized video signal.
For more information about the A15 motherboard assembly and the
tracing of specific signals in the IF section, refer to “A15 motherboard
assembly” in this chapter.
Chapter 5 255
IF Power-Level Measurement
The following measurement procedures are used for troubleshooting
along the 21.4 MHz IF signal path from the A9 third converter
assembly, through the IF section, to output of the A14 log amplifier
assembly.
To calibrate the reference level of the analyzer, the CAL AMPTD
self-calibration routine adjusts the gain of the 21.4 MHz IF variable
amplifier on the A9 assembly and mathematically offsets the digitized
video signal on the A16 processor/video assembly. Due to component
variations it is unlikely that any two analyzers will have the same
21.4 MHz IF signal level for the same instrument settings.
Furthermore, a defective analyzer may produce misleading IF signal
levels if the CAL AMPTD routine has been run.
An IF test board is used in the following procedures to simplify
troubleshooting. The test board is used to isolate the RF section from
the IF section and allows the testing of individual IF assemblies. Refer
to Chapter 15, “Service Equipment and Tools” for the part number of
the IF test board.
To set up the instrument for an IF power-level

measurement
The power levels provided with the measurement procedures in this
section are accurate when the following steps are followed.
1. Ensure that the CAL OUT amplitude is within specification. Refer to
the calibrator amplitude performance test in the 8590 E-Series and
L-Series Spectrum Analyzers User's Guide or 8591C Cable TV
Analyzer User's Guide, Spectrum Analyzer Reference.
2. Connect the CAL OUT signal to the RF input using the CAL cable.
3. Press PRESET on the analyzer, then wait for the preset routine to
finish. Set the analyzer by pressing the following keys.
FREQUENCY, 300, MHz
SPAN, 0, Hz
256 Chapter 5
To check the gains for the IF assemblies

The overall gain of individual assemblies in the IF section are listed
below. The gain level provided for the A12 assembly is correct only
when the analyzer is set as provided in step three, above.
• The A11 bandwidth filter assembly produces 10 dB of gain.
• The A12 amplitude control assembly produces 5 dB of gain.
• The A13 bandwidth filter assembly produces 10 dB of gain.
• A +10 dBm signal at the input of the A14 log amplifier assembly
produces a 2 volt signal (VIDEO_IF) that is equivalent to a
top-screen display.
Refer to “IF Section Information” in Chapter 4, “Troubleshooting the
Analyzer” for the changes in gain output when the instrument settings
are changed from the settings used in this section.
To measure the IF signal from the A9 third

converter
Measure the 21.4 MHz IF output from the A9 assembly with the
following procedure. Refer to the IF/Control Overall Block Diagram,
while performing this procedure.
1. Remove the A11 bandwidth filter assembly.
2. Insert the IF test board in the A11 assembly slot.
3. Measure the 21.4 MHz IF output at J1 on the IF test board using an
active probe, with an analyzer attached. (Use of a 50 Ω analyzer will
cause erroneous power-level measurements.)
4. The test limit for the 21.4 MHz IF signal is −45 dBm ±2 dB. The test
board receives the signal at measurement point A on the block
diagram.
Note that the variable IF amplifier at the output of the A9 assembly has
a gain range of −15 to +2 dB. This level is dependent on the output from
the reference level DAC, located on the A7 analog interface assembly,
that is adjusted during the CAL AMPTD self-calibration routine.
Chapter 5 257
To inject a signal at the output of the A11

bandwidth filter assembly
Inject a 21.4 MHz signal at the output of the A11 bandwidth filter
assembly with the following procedure. Refer to Figure 9-1 while
performing this procedure.
3. Connect a synthesizer/level generator to the J2 input connector on
the IF test board. The test board injects the signal at A15J8 pin 22.
4. Set the signal source for 21.4 MHz at +4 dBm. This signal level
provides +10 dBm at the input to the A14 log amplifier assembly and
simulates a top-screen signal.
5. Check for the following nominal signal outputs.
• A −10 dBm at the AUX IF OUTPUT connector on the rear panel.
Refer to measurement point C on Figure 9-1.
Use an active probe to make the measurement. If a 50 Ω analyzer
is used, an additional 6 dB drop in signal level results. (The AUX
IF OUTPUT has a 50 Ω output impedance.)
• One volt at the AUX VIDEO OUTPUT connector on the rear
panel (measurement point B). A voltage divider on the A15
motherboard reduces the uncorrected 2 volt video signal
(AUX_VIDEO) to a 1 volt output.
• A signal at the top graticule line and a marker reading of
approximately 0 dBm.
Use CORRECT ON OFF to observe the magnitude of video offsets that the
A16 assembly is currently using to correct the signal position at
top-screen. Refer to Chapter 13, “Softkey Descriptions” for more
information about CORRECT ON OFF.
258 Chapter 5
To inject a signal at the output of the A13

bandwidth filter assembly
Inject a 21.4 MHz signal at the output of the A13 bandwidth filter
assembly with the following procedure. Refer to Figure 9-1 while
performing this procedure.
3. Connect a synthesizer/level generator to the J2 input connector on
the IF test board. The test board injects the signal at A15J11 pin 22.
4. Set the signal source for 21.4 MHz at +13 dBm. This signal level
provides +10 dBm at the input to the A14 log amplifier assembly and
simulates a signal at top-screen. The output impedance of the IF test
board interacts with circuitry on the A15 assembly to cause a 3 dB
signal loss.
5. Check for the following nominal signal outputs.
• A −10 dBm at the AUX IF OUTPUT connector on the rear panel.
Refer to measurement point C on Figure 9-1.
Use an active probe to make the measurement. If a 50 Ω analyzer
is used, an additional 6 dB drop in signal level results. (The AUX
IF OUTPUT has a 50 Ω output impedance.)
• One Volt at the AUX VIDEO OUTPUT connector on the rear
panel (measurement point B). A voltage divider on the A15
Motherboard reduces the uncorrected 2 V video signal
(AUX_VIDEO) to a 1 V output.
• A signal at the top graticule line and a marker reading of
approximately 0 dBm.
Use CORRECT ON OFF to observe the magnitude of video offsets that the
A16 assembly is currently using to correct the signal position at
top-screen. Refer to Chapter 13, “Softkey Descriptions” for more
information about CORRECT ON OFF.
Chapter 5 259
To check bandwidth control lines for the A11/A13

bandwidth filter assemblies
Table 5-1 provides nominal bandwidth control voltages sent to the A11
and A13 bandwidth filter assemblies from the A7 analog interface
assembly. A calibrated analyzer produces control voltages similar to the
values in Table 5-1. (The values in Table 5-1 were measured while
default calibration data was in use.)
• Use the difference in control voltage between bandwidths from the
table as a guide for normal bandwidth operation.
• Use an extender board to measure the bandwidth control voltages at
the motherboard connector for the A7 assembly or the A11/A13 filter
assemblies.
• Refer to “Troubleshooting the A15 Motherboard Assembly” for the
location of the control lines for each assembly.
Table 5-1 Nominal Resolution Bandwidth Control Line Voltages
Resolution BW5 BW6 BW7
Bandwidth
3 dB
5 MHz +14.0 −9.90 +4.4
3 MHz +14.0 −9.90 +6.4
1 MHz +14.0 −9.90 +8.5
0.3 MHz +14.0 −9.90 +9.4
0.1 MHz +14.0 −9.90 +9.7
30 kHz −1.0 +9.25 +9.7
10 kHz −1.0 +8.96 +9.7
3 kHz −1.0 +8.51 +9.7
1 kHz −1.0 +7.50 +9.7
0.3 kHz −1.0 +6.00 +9.7
6 dB EMI
9 kHz −1.0 +8.81 +9.7
120 kHz +14.0 −9.90 +9.6
260 Chapter 5
To check IF section gain control

Table 5-2 lists the changes in IF Section gain that alter the displayed
signal position when the reference level is changed in increments as
small as 1 dB. The control voltages from the A7 analog interface
assembly that change the gain of specific IF assemblies are provided in
Table 5-3, Table 5-4, and Table 5-5.
When the reference level is changed, the A16 assembly performs two
step-gain functions that change the position of the displayed signal.
Refer to Table 5-2 for the reference levels where the A16 assembly
changes the signal position in increments of 10 dB. When a
reference-level change of less than 1 dB is required, the A16 assembly
makes a corresponding change in the signal position. These changes in
signal position are made by mathematically offsetting the digitized
video signal on the A16 assembly.
The A16 assembly also makes amplitude error corrections to improve
instrument performance. The reference-level changes and
error-correction functions are a combined mathematical offset of the
digitized video signal. This makes it difficult to distinguish which offset
is contributing to a change in displayed signal level when the reference
level is changed. Disable the error corrections by setting
CORRECT ON OFF to OFF.
Refer to “Troubleshooting the A15 Motherboard Assembly” in this

chapter when tracing control lines in the IF section
The entries in Table 5-2 are valid after pressing the following keys.
PRESET
CAL
More 1 of 3
Be sure that the input attenuator setting remains at 10 dB.
Chapter 5 261
Table 5-2 IF Section Gain Table in dB

Reference A12 A12 Step A14 Gain A16 Video A16 Video
Level Calibration Gain † (Linear Offset Offset
(dBm) * Attenuator (Log/Linear Mode) (Log Mode) (Linear
(Log/Linear Mode) ‡ Mode) ‡
Mode)
0 10 0 0 0 0
−1 9 0 0 0 0
−2 8 0 0 0 0
−3 7 0 0 0 0
−4 6 0 0 0 0
−5 5 0 0 0 0
−6 4 0 0 0 0
−7 3 0 0 0 0
−8 2 0 0 0 0
−9 1 0 0 0 0
−10 10 10 0 0 0
−20 10 20 0 0 0
−30 10 30 0 0 0
−40 10 40 0 0 0
−50 10 50 0 0 0
−60 10 50 10 10 0
−70 10 50 20 20 0
−80 10 50 30 30 0
−90 10 50 40 40 0
−100 10 50 40 50 10
−110 10 50 40 60 20
−120 10 50 40 70 30
−130 10 50 40 80 40
−131 9 50 40 80 40
−132 8 50 40 80 40
−133 7 50 40 80 40
−134 6 50 40 80 40
−135 5 50 40 80 40
−136 4 50 40 80 40
−137 3 50 40 80 40
−138 2 50 40 80 40
−139 1 50 40 80 40
* For instruments with 75 Ω Input Impedance, change the display units to dBmv.
† The gain of the 10 dB step-gain stage is 15 dB when enabled and 5 dB when disabled.
‡ Turn CORRECT ON OFF off to remove the amplitude error corrections generated by CAL
AMPTD.
262 Chapter 5
Control lines for the A12 amplitude control assembly

Table 5-3 and Table 5-4 provide the control line output from the A7
analog interface assembly that change the gain of the A12 assembly
when the reference level is changed. The calibration attenuator settings
in Table 5-4 provide reference-level changes in 1 dB increments for the
full reference-level range of the analyzer.
chapter when tracing control lines in the IF section. The entries in
Table 5-3 and Table 5-4 are valid after pressing the following keys.
PRESET
CAL
More 1 of 3
Be sure that the input attenuator setting remains at 10 dB.

Table 5-3 10 dB Step-Gain Control Lines
Reference 10 dB IFG1 IFG2 IFG3
Level Step Gains (10 dB Step) (20-1 dB (20-2 dB
(dBm) A12J2-14 Step) Step)
A12J2-13 A12J2-12
0 0 L L L
−10 10 H L L
−20 20 L H L
−30 30 H H L
−40 40 L H H
−50 50 H H H
H = >2.5 V (TTL High)
L = <0.8 V (TTL Low)
For each reference level in Table 5-3, the Calibration Attenuator control
lines are set to 10 dB of attenuation as shown in the first entry of
Table 5-4. The control line settings from Table 5-4 repeat, starting with
each reference level in Table 5-3 to produce reference-level changes in
1 dB increments.
Chapter 5 263
Table 5-4 Calibration-Attenuator Control Lines

Reference Calibratio IFA1 IFA2 IFA3 IFA4 IFA5
Level n (1 dB) (2 dB) (4 dB) (8 dB) (16 dB)
(dBm) Attenuato A12J2-4 A12J2-3 A12J2-2 A12J2-1 A12J2-11
r
0 10 L H L H L
−1 9 H L L H L
−2 8 L L L H L
−3 7 H H H L L
−4 6 L H H L L
−5 5 H L H L L
−6 4 L L H L L
−7 3 H H L L L
−8 2 L H L L L
−9 1 H L L L L
H = >2.5 V (TTL High)
L = <0.8 V (TTL Low)
264 Chapter 5
To check linear gain control lines for the A14 log amplifier
Table 5-5 provides the control line voltages from the A7 analog interface
assembly to the A14 log amplifier assembly. When the analyzer is in
linear mode, the seven A14 log amplifier stages are biased to operate as
linear amplifiers. Four of the seven stages are also used to provide
40 dB of gain in 10 dB increments. The linear gains are enabled for the
reference levels indicated in Table 5-2 and Table 5-5. Two of the four
stages operate as one 20 dB amplifier and are controlled by the same
control line, IFG6.
chapter when tracing control lines in the IF section.
When enabled, each control line has a −7.6 Vdc output. This voltage is
supplied by the −8 VT temperature-compensated power supply located
on the A14 assembly.
The entries in Table 5-5 are valid when the instrument is set up as
follows:
PRESET
SCALE LOG LIN, LIN
AMPTD UNITS, dBm
CAL
More 1 of 3
Table 5-5 Linear Gain Control Lines on the A14 Assembly
Reference A14 Gain in IFG4 IFG5 IFG6

Level Linear Mode (10-1 dB Step) (10-2 dB Step) (20 dB Step)
(dBm) (dB) A14P1-38 A14P1-39 A14P1-40
−50 0 H H H
−60 10 L H H
−70 20 L L H
−80 30 L H L
−90 40 L L L
H = +14.3 Vdc (disabled)
L = −7.6 Vdc (enabled)
Chapter 5 265
Troubleshooting the A15 Motherboard Assembly
Troubleshooting the A15 Motherboard

Assembly
Use this section to identify and locate all the signals and voltages that
pass through the A15 motherboard assembly. The location of active
components on the motherboard are also provided.
The following information is provided in this section.
• Figure 5-1, A15 Motherboard Connector Designation. Shows the
location and reference designator for each connector on the
motherboard.
• Figure 5-2 and Figure 5-2 A15 Connectors with Additional
Associated Circuitry. Provides a simplified circuit diagram for the
components on the motherboard. To help locate the components, the
motherboard connector-pin that is connected to each component is
shown.
• Figure 5-3, A15J13 Connector-Pin Designation. Provides the pin
numbering sequence for the connector that connects the A8 power
supply to the motherboard.
• Figure 5-4, Card-Cage Connector Pin Designation. Provides the
pin-numbering sequence for the four motherboard connectors in the
card cage. The motherboard connector for the A7 analog interface
assembly (not shown) has the same pin-numbering sequence, but is
installed in a position that is reversed when compared to the
card-cage connectors.
• Table 5-6, A15 Motherboard Mnemonic Descriptions. Provides the
mnemonic, full name, and functional description for each signal and
voltage on the motherboard.
• Table 5-7, A15 Motherboard Pin Designations. Identifies the signal
or voltage distribution for each signal and voltage on the
motherboard.
Each column identifies the instrument assembly that is connected to
the A15 motherboard. The associated motherboard reference
designator for each assembly is also supplied.
The mnemonics from Table 5-7 are arranged alphabetically by row
on the left-hand side of the table.
For a given mnemonic, read across the row to find all the assemblies
that the signal or voltage is connected to. The A15 connector pin
numbers in each box indicate the A15 connector pins where the
signal or voltage appear.
Be sure to read the footnotes at the bottom of Table 5-7.
266 Chapter 5
Figure 5-1 A15 Motherboard Connector Designation
• All connector pins on A9J20 are tied to ground (ACOM).

• The A15J1 connector for the A7 analog interface assembly is
installed in a position that is reversed when compared to card-cage
connectors A15J3, A15J4, A15J5, and A15J6; therefore, the
pin-numbering order is also reversed for A15J1 when compared to
the card-cage connectors.
Chapter 5 267
Figure 5-2 A15 Connectors with Additional Associated Circuitry (1 of 2)
268 Chapter 5
Figure 5-2 A15 Connectors with Additional Associated Circuitry (2 of 2)
• The A15 motherboard pin designation for the 21.4 MHz IF signal
path is provided in Table 5-7.
• All the connector pins with the same number are connected in
parallel for the card-cage connectors A15J3, A15J4, A15J5, and
A15J6.
Chapter 5 269
Figure 5-3 A15J13 Connector-Pin Designation
270 Chapter 5
Figure 5-4 Card-Cage Connector Pin Designation
Chapter 5 271
Table 5-6 A15 Motherboard Mnemonic Descriptions
Mnemonic Full Name Description
21.4 MHz IF 21.4 MHz IF The 21.4 MHz IF signal between the A9 Third
Converter assembly and the detector on the A14
Log Amplifier assembly.
+10V +10 V Supply The A7 Analog assembly provides a +10 V bias

supply for the LC bandwidth filters on the A11/A13
bandwidth filter assemblies.
+12V +12 V Supply +12 V supply for the A2 Display and the RS-232
option, referenced to DCOM.
+15VF +15 V Supply +15 V power supply, referenced to ACOM.
+5V +5 V Supply +5 V power supply, referenced to DCOM.
−15V −15 V Supply −15 V power supply, referenced to ACOM.
−8VT −8 V Temperature Provides −8 V from the temperature-compensated

Compensated (TC) power supply on the A14 Log Amplifier
Supply assembly to the A7 Analog Interface assembly. The
A7 provides temperature-compensation for the
IFG4-IFG6 and the Log/Lin control lines using the
−8 VT as a TC reference.
ACOM Analog Common A common ground for all analog circuitry.
ADC_SYNC A/D Conversion A positive-going signal that indicates when the

Synchronization main ADC on the A16 Video/Processor assembly has
started an A/D conversion. ADC_SYNC resets the
peak detectors located on assemblies installed in
the 8590L, 8591C, 8591E, 8593E, 8594E, 8595E,
8596E, and 8594Q card cage.
ADR0-ADR4 Address 0-4 Input/Output (IO) address lines.
ANA_TEST Analog Test Provides a series of test signals from A7 Analog

Interface assembly to A16 Processor/Video
assembly during instrument calibration and
troubleshooting. (Refer to the A7 Overview Section)
AUX_IF Auxiliary IF An uncorrected, buffered 21.4 MHz IF signal from

the output of the A13 bandwidth filter assembly to
the four card-cage slots.
AUX_IF_BP Auxiliary IF Back An uncorrected, buffered 21.4 MHz IF signal from

Panel the output of the A13 bandwidth filter assembly to
J17, AUX IF OUTPUT.
272 Chapter 5
Table 5-6 A15 Motherboard Mnemonic Descriptions (Continued)
AUX_VIDEO Auxiliary Video A detected video signal (0 — 2 V) that has passed

through the video filters. No amplitude corrections
have been applied to this signal. A voltage divider
at J16, AUX VIDEO OUTPUT, reduces the signal
amplitude to 0 — 1 V.
BW5 Bandwidth 5 A bias voltage that activates either the LC or

crystal bandwidth-filter mode.
BW6 Bandwidth 6 Controls the crystal-filter bandwidth.
BW7 Bandwidth 7 Controls the LC filter bandwidth.
COUNT_IF Counterlock IF A buffered 21.4 MHz IF signal from the output of

the A13 bandwidth filter assembly to A25
Counter-Lock assembly.
CRD_ANLG_1 Card Cage Analog An analog signal from assemblies installed in the
1 card cage to the A16 input multiplexer. When it is
selected, the signal passes through the A16
video-filter and peak-detector sections. It is
available on AUX_VIDEO after it passes through
the video filter.
CRD_ANLG_2 Card Cage Analog An analog signal from assemblies installed in the
2 card cage. The signal goes directly to A16 A/D
conversion section, bypassing both the video-filter
and peak-detector sections.
DCOM Digital Common A common ground for all digital circuitry.
DISCRIM or Discriminator For Spans ≤10 MHz, the A25 Counter-Lock

DISCRIMINAT assembly sends a dc tuning voltage through the A16
OR Processor/Video assembly to the A7 Analog
Interface assembly. The A7 assembly then adjusts
the YTO to reduce residual FM.
EXT_HSWP External High EXT_HSWP performs two functions: 1) It provides

Sweep external control of high sweep on the A16
Processor/Video when an external signal is
connected to J15, HIGH SWEEP INPUT/OUTPUT.
2) It provides the HSWP signal as a rear-panel
output at J15, HIGH SWEEP INPUT/OUTPUT.
This is an open-collector signal. It should never be
driven high.
FAN FAN +12 V power supply for the B1 fan.
WRUP High Power Up Enables the initial start-up sequence for the CPU
on the A16 Processor/Video assembly when the
analyzer is first turned on. This occurs prior to the
start-up of other related assemblies.
Chapter 5 273
HSWP High Sweep Provides control for the analyzer display sweep and
retrace. A TTL high starts a sweep and a TTL low
initiates a retrace. This is an open-collector signal.
It should never be driven high.
IFA1 IF Attenuation 1 Control line for 1dB step attenuator on the A12
Amplitude Control assembly.
IFA2 IF Attenuation 2 Control line for the 2 dB step attenuator on the A12
IFA5 IF Attenuation 5 Control line for the 16 dB step attenuator on the

A12 Amplitude Control assembly.
IFG1 IF Gain 1 Control line for the 10 dB step gain on the A12
IFG2 IF Gain 2 Control line for the first 20 dB step gain on the A12
IFG3 IF Gain 3 Control line for the second 20 dB step gain on the
A12 Amplitude Control assembly.
IFG4 IF Gain 4 Temperature-compensated control line for the 10 dB

linear gain on the A14 Log Amplifier assembly.


INTERBUS Interbus A communication line between the four slots in the

card cage. It coordinates functions between options
when more than one option is installed in the card
cage.
IOB0-IOB15 Input/Output Bus Input/Output (IO) data lines used between the A16
0- Input/Output Processor/Video assembly and related assemblies.
Bus 15
LBIO Low Bottom-box Strobe line for Input/Output (IO) data transfers.
Input/Output
LINE_TRIG Line Trigger Provides a TTL signal at the power-line frequency

rate. It enables the line-trigger mode on the A16
Processor/Video assembly.
274 Chapter 5
LOG_LIN Log Linear Controls switching between log and linear modes on
the A14 Log Amplifier assembly.
LPWRON Low Power On The front-panel line switch provides a TTL low
when the switch is depressed. This initiates
start-up of the A8 Power Supply and A16
Processor/Video assemblies.
LTIO Low Top-box Strobe line for Input/Output (I/O) data transfers.
Input/Output
REF_CAL Reference Cal A DAC on the A7 Analog Interface assembly adjusts

the gain of the A9 Third Converter assembly
through REF_CAL.
SWEEP_RAMP Sweep Ramp A 0 to +10 V ramp signal that corresponds to signal

sweep across the display. The signal is sent to J14,
SWEEP OUTPUT, on the rear frame.
VIDEO_IF Video IF The detected 21.4 MHz IF signal from the detector
on the A14 Log Amplifier assembly to the input
multiplexer on the A16 Processor/Video assembly.
VTO_TUNE Voltage-Tuned A tuning voltage from the A25 Counter-Lock

Oscillator Tune assembly to A9 Third Converter assembly. It locks
the 600 MHz oscillator on the A9 assembly to the
frequency reference.
Chapter 5 275
Table 5-7 A15 Motherboard Pin Designations
Mnemonic Instrument Assemblies Card

Cages a
A7 A8 A9 A11 A12 A13 A14 A16 Slots 1,

2, 3, 4
A15J13
A15J10
A15J11
A15J12
A15J3,
A15J1
A15J7
A15J8
A15J9
A15J2
4, 5, 6
21.4 MHz IF 9 22, 23 1 20 22, 44 b
23 b
+10 V 22 c 29 29 b
+12 V 13, 32 27, 57
+15 V 3, 33 1, 2, b 27 b 8, 18 27 b 27b 8, 38 9, 39
3, 20,
21,
22 c
+5 V 19, 49 9, 10, b 10, 20 25, 26, 56

11, 26,
12, 55, 56
28,
29,
30,
31 c
−15 V 4, 34 4, 5, b 6, 16 b 25 b 9, 39 10, 40
6, 23,
24,
25 c
−8 VT 23 8c
ACOM 2, 32 7, 26, 1-8, 1-21, 2-5, 5- 10, 1- 21, 1, 3-7, 2, 4, 2, 4, 6,

27 10, 24-26, 7, 9, 15- 19 24-26, 9-24, 6, 8, 29,
12, 28, 11-15, 28, 26, 32- 37 31-38,
14, 33- 44 17, 19 33- 44 28-30, 59, 60
16, 32-37,
18, 41-43
20
ADC_SYNC 30 c 27
ADR0 6 11 c 12
ADR1 36 41 c 42
ADR2 7 12 c 13
276 Chapter 5
Table 5-7 A15 Motherboard Pin Designations (Continued)

Cages a
A7 A8 A9 A11 A12 A13 A14 A16 Slots 1,

2, 3, 4
A15J13
A15J10
A15J11
A15J12
A15J3,
A15J1
A15J7
A15J8
A15J9
A15J2
4, 5, 6
ADR3 37 42 c 43
ADR4 8 13 c 14
ANA_TEST 31 31 c
AUX_IF 22 b, c 30
AUX_IF_BP 22 b, c
AUX_VIDEO b 7c 7
BW5 24 c 30 30
BW6 54 c 31 31
BW7 25 c 32 32
COUNT_IF b
CRD_ANLG_1 3c 3
CRD_ANLG_2 5c 5
DCOM 11, 14-17, 16, 17, 22,

16, 33-36 21, 41, 44,
35, 40, 49, 54
38, 43,
43, 48 48, 53
DISCRIMINATO 21 28 c
R
EXT_HSWP b
FAN b 8c
WRUP 50 37 c 54 55
HSWP b 58 c 57
IFA1 58 c 4
IFA2 29 c 3
Chapter 5 277

Cages a
A7 A8 A9 A11 A12 A13 A14 A16 Slots 1,

2, 3, 4
A15J13
A15J10
A15J11
A15J12
A15J3,
A15J1
A15J7
A15J8
A15J9
A15J2
4, 5, 6
IFA3 59 c 2
IFA4 30 c 1
IFA5 60 c 11
IFG1 55 c 14
IFG2 26 c 13
IFG3 56 c 12
IFG4 27 c 38
IFG5 57 c 39
IFG6 28 c 40
INTERBUS 58 b
IOB0 9 14 15
IOB1 39 44 45
IOB2 10 5 16
IOB3 40 45 46
IOB4 41 46 47
IOB5 12 17 18
IOB6 42 47 48
IOB7 13 18 19
IOB8 14 19 20
IOB9 44 49 50
IOB10 15 20 21
IOB11 45 50 51
IOB12 46 51 52
IOB13 17 22 23
278 Chapter 5

Cages a
A7 A8 A9 A11 A12 A13 A14 A16 Slots 1,

2, 3, 4
A15J13
A15J10
A15J11
A15J12
A15J3,
A15J1
A15J7
A15J8
A15J9
A15J2
4, 5, 6
IOB14 47 52 53
IOB15 18 23 24
LBIO 5 10 c 11
LINE_TRIG 18 c 60
LOG_LIN 52 c 31
LPWRON 19 59 c
LTIO 24 c 25
REF_CAL 53 c b
SWEEP_RAMP b 51 c 28
VIDEO_IF 2c 1 1
VTO_TUNE 11 29 b,c
a. 8590 E-Series, 8591C and 8594Q only.

b. Refer to the figure, “A15 Connectors with Additional Associated Circuitry” in this section.
c. Pin numbers indicate assembly where signal or voltage originates.
Chapter 5 279
280 Chapter 5
6 Troubleshooting the RF Section
This chapter provides troubleshooting information for the RF section of

the 8590 E-Series and L-Series spectrum analyzers, 8591C cable TV
analyzers, and 8594Q QAM analyzers. This chapter is divided into two
sections.
281
Troubleshooting the RF Section
Before You Start
Section 6a, “8590L, 8591C, and 8591E,” describes troubleshooting

information for the 8590L and 8591E spectrum analyzers and 8591C
cable TV analyzers.
Section 6b, “ 8592L/94L, 8594Q.and 8593E/94E/95E/96E,” describes
troubleshooting information for the 8592L, 8593E, 8594E, 8594L,
8595E, and 8596E spectrum analyzers and 8594Q QAM analyzer.
Refer to Chapter 4, “Troubleshooting the Analyzer,” for troubleshooting
procedures that are useful when first starting to troubleshoot an
analyzer failure.
Before You Start

analyzer failure:
analyzer, and read the general safety considerations and the safety note
• The analyzer contains static-sensitive components. Read the section
entitled, ”Section Protection from Electrostatic Discharge” in Chapter 15.
• Become familiar with the organization of the troubleshooting information
in this service guide.

considerations in this manual before operating the unit with
the cover removed. Failure to heed the safety precautions can
282 Chapter 6

Refer to the table entitled, “Recommended Test Equipment,” in
Chapter 1 of the 8590 Series Analyzers Calibration Guide for a list of the
recommended test equipment needed to troubleshoot and repair the analyzer.
Although Agilent Technologies equipment is recommended, any equipment
that meets the critical specifications given in the table can be substituted for
the recommended model.
Refer to Chapter 13, “Softkey Descriptions,” of this guide for a list of
recommended service tools and required hand tools needed to troubleshoot and
repair the analyzer.

Refer to Chapter 2, “Making Adjustments,” for a table of Adjustments
and Tests for Replaced or Repaired Assemblies, for the related
adjustments and performance verification tests required for each
assembly.
Chapter 6 283
6a. 8590L, 8591C, and 8591E
6a. 8590L, 8591C, and 8591E

This section describes the RF section troubleshooting process for the 8590L
and 8591E spectrum analyzers and 8591C cable TV analyzers.
Making RF Power-Level Measurements

The power level ranges listed for measurements A through G in
Table 6-1 apply after performing the following steps:
1. Connect the CAL OUT to the RF INPUT using the CAL cable.
Ensure that the CAL OUT amplitude is within specification. (Refer to

the calibrator amplitude performance test in the calibration guide.)
2. Perform the frequency and amplitude calibration routines.
3. Press PRESET, then wait for the analyzer to complete the preset routine.
4. Press the following instrument keys:
FREQUENCY, 300, MHz

SPAN, 0, Hz
Table 6-1 Power Levels at Measurement Points
Measurement Point Measurement Power Level Range *

Frequency (dBm)
50 Ω 75 Ω
A 300 MHz −29 to −31 −35 to −37
B 2.1214 GHz −39 to −43 −46 to −49
C 2.1214 GHz −39 to −44 −46 to −50
D 321.4 MHz −42 to −46 −51 to −55

E 2.4214 GHz +6 to +12 Same as 50 Ω
F 2.4214 GHz −10 to −20 Same as 50 Ω
G 1.8 GHz −17 to −23 Same as 50 Ω
* A frequency-selective measuring device, such as another analyzer, is recommended for making these
measurements. Broadband measuring devices, such as power meters, give erroneous results due to the presence
of other, higher-amplitude signals.
284 Chapter 6
6a. 8590L, 8591C, and 8591E
Connector Pin-Out Information

The RF section receives control voltages for the A3 attenuator from the A7
analog interface assembly. It also receives power-supply voltages for the A3
attenuator and A5 second converter assemblies from the A7 analog interface
assembly. The W13 wire harness connects the attenuator and second converter
to the A7J2 connector on the A7 assembly. Table 6-2 identifies the signals that
are supplied to the two RF assemblies and Figure 6-1 shows the pin number
location on A7J2.
Figure 6-1 A7J2 Pin-Out
Table 6-2 A7J2 Connector Pin Designation (Top-Side View)
A7J2 W13 Signal Description

Pin Number Wire Color
1 Brown +8 VF power supply for A5 Second Converter
2 Black Analog ground for A5 Second Converter
3 Orange +15 VF power supply for A3 Attenuator
4 N/C
5 Green Control line for 20 dB step
on A3 Input Attenuator
6 Blue Control line for 10 dB step on A3 Input Attenuator
7 N/C
8 Grey Control line for 30 dB step on A3 Input Attenuator
Chapter 6 285
6a. 8590L, 8591C, and 8591E
To check control of the A3 input attenuator

The A7 analog interface assembly controls the three attenuator steps in the A3
input attenuator. Each attenuator step requires one control line, as shown in
Table 6-3. The W13 wire harness connects the attenuator to A7J2 on the A7
assembly. W13 also supplies the +15 V power supply for the attenuator. Locate
W13 using the top view of the analyzer in Chapter 11, “Major Assembly and
Cable Locations.”
Use a digital multimeter (DMM) and the values from Table 6-3 to check the
control voltages for each attenuator step. Refer to Figure 6-1 for the location of
the connector pins on A7J2. Measure the voltages at the A7J2 pins on the trace
side of the A7 assembly.
Table 6-3 Input Attenuator Control Output at A7J2
Attenuator 10 dB Step (A7J2 20 dB Step (A7J2 30 dB Step (A7J2

Setting (dB) Pin 6) Pin 5) Pin 8)
0 L L L
10 H L L
20 L H L
30 H H L
40 H L H
50 L H H
60 H H H
H = +15 V (A high output indicates that the attenuator
step is in the signal path.)
L = +0.8 V
These control voltages are valid only if the
A3 Input Attenuator is connected to A7J2.
286 Chapter 6
6b. 8592L/94L, 8594Q, and 8593E/94E/95E/96E
6b. 8592L/94L, 8594Q, and 8593E/94E/95E/96E

This section describes the RF section troubleshooting process for the 8592L,
8593E, 8594E, 8594L, 8595E, and 8596E spectrum analyzers, and 8594Q QAM
analyzers.
Making RF Power-Level Measurements

The power level ranges listed for measurements A through E in
Table 6-4 apply after performing the following steps:
1. Ensure that the CAL OUT amplitude is within specification. (Refer to the
calibrator amplitude performance test in the calibration guide.)
2. Select the appropriate input signal for the desired frequency band:
Band 0 300 MHz at −20 dBm (CAL OUT signal)

Band 15 GHz at 0 dBm
Band 2 10 GHz at 0 dBm
3. Press PRESET, then wait for the analyzer to complete the preset routine.
4. Press the following instrument keys:
FREQUENCY (same as input signal)
SPAN, 0, Hz
AMPLITUDE, 0, dBm
ATTEN, 10, dB
BW, 3, MHz
SWEEP
SWEEPTIME, 20, ms
Chapter 6 287
6b. 8592L/94L, 8594Q, and 8593E/94E/95E/96E
Table 6-4 Power Levels at Measurement Points
Measurement Measurement Power Level Range *

Point Frequency
Band 0 Band 1 Band 2 Band 3 Band 4
92L, 93E, 92L, 93E, 92L, 93E, 92L, 93E 92L,93E
94E, 94L, 95E, 96E 96E
94Q, 95E,
96E
A Same as input −30 to −33 — — — —

frequency dBm
B Same as input — −14 to −19 −14 to −19 −14 to −20 −15 to −23
frequency dBm dBm dBm dBm
C 321.4 MHz — 10 to 16 dB 18 to 26 dB 21 to 31 dB 25 to 35 dB
below B † below B † below B † below B †
D 3.9214 GHz 8 to 12 dB — — — —
below A †
E 321.4 MHz 5 to 11 dB 1 to 6 dB 1 to 6 dB 1 to 6 dB 1 to 6 dB
below D † below C † below C † below C † below C †
* A frequency-selective measuring device, such as another analyzer, is recommended for making these
measurements. Broadband measuring devices, such as power meters, will give erroneous results due to the
presence of other, higher-amplitude signals.
† The power-level range is relative to the actual measurement taken at the measurement point indicated.
288 Chapter 6
6b. 8592L/94L, 8594Q, and 8593E/94E/95E/96E
Connector Pin-Out Information

The RF section receives control voltages from the A7 analog interface
assembly. It also receives power-supply voltages for the attenuator and second
converter assemblies from the A7 analog interface assembly. Table 6-8 and
Table 6-9 identify the signals that are supplied to the two RF assemblies for
both the standard and option 026 spectrum analyzers.
Table 6-5 A7J2 Connector Pin Designation for 8592L, 8593E, 8596E
A7J2 Pin Number W13 Signal Description

Wire Color
1 Black Normally Open
2 Grey Normally Closed
3 Orange ACOM
4 Yellow +15 VF
5 Green POS_MXR_BIAS
6 Blue PIN_Switch
7 Violet COMB
8 N/C
9 White and Red +15 VF
10 N/C −15 VF
Table 6-6 A7J2 Connector Pin Designation for Option 026 for 8595E
A7J2 Pin Number W13 Signal Description

Wire Color
1 Brown Normally Open
2 Red Normally Closed
3 N/C ACOM
4 N/C +15 VF
5 Green POS_MXR_BIAS
6 Blue PIN_Switch
7 N/C COMB
8 N/C
9 N/C +15 VF
10 N/C −15 VF
Chapter 6 289
6b. 8592L/94L, 8594Q, and 8593E/94E/95E/96E
Table 6-7 A7J4 2nd Converter Drive Pin Designation for 8592L, 8593E, 8594E,
8594L, 8594Q, 8595E, 8596E
A7J4 Pin Number Signal Description

1 2nd Mixer Bias
2 +5 A
3 ACOM
4 +10 VF
5 PIN_SW
6 KEY
7 N/C
8 N/C
9 N/C
10 N/C
Table 6-8 A7J301 YTF Driver Pin Designation for 8592L, 8593E, 8595E, 8596E
A7J301 W34 Signal Description

Pin Number Wire Color
1 Brown YIG_FLT+
2 Orange YIG_FLT-
3 Green −15 VF
4 Violet +15 VF
Table 6-9 A10J1 Tracking Generator Control Pin Designation for 8593E,
8594E, 8594L, 8594Q, 8595E, 8596E
A10J1 Signal Description

Pin Number
1 +15 VF
2 ACOM
3 −15 VF
4 OSC_PWR
5 TUNE
6 ALC_MON
7 KEY
8 PWR_LVL
9 +5 VF1
10 ALC_EXT
290 Chapter 6
6b. 8592L/94L, 8594Q, and 8593E/94E/95E/96E
To check control of the A3A5 input attenuator

The A7 analog interface assembly controls the three attenuator steps and
blocking capacitor in the A3A5 input attenuator using eight control lines.
Refer to the RF section block diagram for your analyzer at the end of Chapter ,
“Assembly Descriptions and Block Diagrams.” Each attenuator step requires
two control lines, as shown in Table 6-10 and Table 6-11. The attenuator is
connected to A7J5 on the A7 assembly with the ribbon cable, W36. Locate W36
using the top view of the analyzer in Chapter 11, “Major Assembly and Cable
Locations.”
Use a digital multimeter (DMM) and the values from Table 6-10 to check the
control voltages. Measure the voltages at the A7J5 pins on the trace side of the
A7 assembly.
Table 6-10 Input Attenuator Control Output at A7J5 for 8592L and
8593E
10 dB 1st 20 dB 2nd 20 dB 3rd 20 dB
Step Step Step Step
Attenuator
Setting (dB) Pin 2 Pin 1 Pin 9 Pin 4 Pin 8 Pin 5 Pin 7 Pin 6
0 H L H L H L H L
10 L H H L H L H L
20 H L H L L H H L
30 L H H L L H H L
40 H L L H H L L H
50 L H L H H L L H
60 H L L H L H L H
70 L H L H L H L H
H = −10 V (with the attenuator connected at A7J5)
H = 0 V (A floating output if the attenuator is disconnected.)
L = −15 V (A low at pin 2, 9, 8, or 7 indicates that the attenuator step is in the signal path.)
Chapter 6 291
6b. 8592L/94L, 8594Q, and 8593E/94E/95E/96E
Table 6-11 Input Attenuator Control Output at A7J5 for 8594E,

8594L, 8594Q, 8595E, 8596E
10 dB 40 dB 20 dB Blocking
Step Step Step Capacitor
Attenuator
Setting (dB) Pin 2 Pin 1 Pin 9 Pin 4 Pin 8 Pin 5 Pin 7 Pin 6
0 H L H L H L — —
10 L H H L H L — —
20 H L H L L H — —
30 L H H L L H — —
40 H L L H H L — —
50 L H L H H L — —
60 H L L H L H — —
70 L H L H L H — —
Blocking — — — — — — L H
Capacitor In
Blocking — — — — — — H L
Capacitor Out
H = −10 V (with the attenuator connected at A7J5)
H = 0 V (A floating output if the attenuator is disconnected.)
L = −15 V (A low at pin 2, 9, or 8 indicates that the attenuator step is in

the signal path. A low at pin 7 indicates the blocking capacitor is the signal path.)
292 Chapter 6
7 Replacing Major Assemblies
The procedures in this chapter describe the removal and replacement of

major assemblies in the 8590L, 8591C, 8591E, 8592L, 8593E, 8594E,
8594L, 8594Q, 8595E, and 8596E analyzers.
293
Replacing Major Assemblies
Before You Start
The words “right” and “left” are used throughout these procedures to
indicate the sides of the analyzer as normally viewed from the front of
the instrument. Numbers in parentheses, for example (1), indicate
numerical callouts on the figures.
Before You Start

analyzer failure:
analyzer, and read the general safety considerations and the safety
note definitions given in the front of this service guide.
entitled “Protection from Electrostatic Discharge.” in Chapter 15.
information in this service guide.

considerations in this guide before operating the unit with the
cover removed. Failure to heed the safety precautions can

Refer to Chapter 1 of the 8590 Series Analyzers Calibration Guide for a
list of the recommended test equipment needed to troubleshoot and
repair the analyzer. Although Agilent Technologies equipment is
recommended, any equipment that meets the critical specifications
given in the table can be substituted for the recommended model.
Refer to Chapter 15 of this guide for a list of required service and hand
tools needed to troubleshoot and repair the analyzer.
294 Chapter 7

Refer to Chapter 2 for a table of Adjustments and Tests for Replaced or
Repaired Assemblies, for the related adjustments and performance
verification tests required for each assembly.
Removal and Replacement Procedures in

this Chapter
Instrument Cover
A1 Front-Frame Assembly
A1A1 Keyboard/Front Panel Keys
A2 Display
RF Assembly
A3 Front-End Assembly
A7 Analog Assembly
A8 Power Supply
A15 Motherboard and IF Extrusion
A16 Processor/Video Board and Firmware
A16A1 Memory Board
A16A1BT1 Battery
A17 Memory Card Reader
A25 Counter-Lock Assembly
B1 Fan
Rear Frame
Chapter 7 295
Instrument Cover
Instrument Cover
This procedure applies to:
8590 E-Series and L-Series spectrum analyzers
8594Q QAM analyzers
Removal
1. Disconnect the analyzer from ac power.
CAUTION To prevent damage to the front frame, use a soft cloth or towel between
the work surface and the front frame.
2. Carefully place the analyzer on the work surface with the front
frame facing down.
3. Remove the four screws and washers attaching the instrument cover
to the rear frame.
4. Unscrew, but do not remove, the four rear-feet screws, using a 4 mm
hex wrench.
5. Pull the instrument cover off towards the rear of the instrument.
296 Chapter 7
Instrument Cover
Replacement
CAUTION To prevent damage when replacing the instrument cover, remember the
following:
• Place a soft cloth or towel between the work surface and the front
frame.
• Ensure that cables do not bind between the instrument cover and its
internal assemblies.
2. Carefully place the analyzer on the work surface with the front
frame facing down.
3. Replace the instrument cover assembly by matching the seam on the
cover with the bottom of the instrument.
4. Fit the leading edge of the cover completely into the slot on the back
of the front-frame assembly. The cover should fit snugly against the
EMI gasket in the slot.
5. Tighten the four rear-feet screws with a 4-mm hex wrench.
6. Replace the four screws and washers attaching the instrument cover
assembly to the rear frame.
Chapter 7 297
8594Q QAM analyzers
CAUTION Use ESD precautions when performing this replacement procedure.
Removal
1. Remove the instrument cover assembly. Refer to the “Instrument
Cover.” removal procedure.
2. Place the analyzer with the bottom side facing up on the work
surface.
3. If the instrument came equipped with the A17 Memory Card Reader,
remove it. Refer to the “A17 Memory Card Reader Assembly.”
removal procedure.
4. On 8592L, 8593E, and 8596E spectrum analyzers, remove the cable
tie (2) that secures the A3A11 and A3A12 assemblies to the W10
semi-rigid cable. See Figure 7-1.
5. On 8592L, 8593E, and 8596E spectrum analyzers, disconnect the
W37 semi-rigid cable (3) from the 100 MHz COMB OUT connector
on the front-frame assembly.
6. Remove the two screws (1) that secure the front frame to the main
chassis.
7. If the instrument came equipped with a tracking generator,
disconnect the tracking generator output semi-rigid cable (5) from
the RF OUT connector on the front-frame assembly.
8. Disconnect the W10 semi-rigid cable (4) from the INPUT connector.
9. Disconnect W3 (6) from A1R1, the front-panel INTEN control. It
may be necessary to remove the speaker bracket from LS1 as well as
A22 10 MHz reference in order to get to W3.
10.If the instrument came equipped with an A102 AM/FM Speaker and
TV Synch Trigger (Option 102) or A103 Quasi Peak Detector (Option
103), disconnect W102 from the VOL control wiring connector (8) at
A1R1.
298 Chapter 7
11.Disconnect W1 (7) from A16J9.

12.Place the analyzer with the front frame forward and the top side
facing up on the work surface.
13.Disconnect W7 from A9J2.
14.Remove the five screws (9) that secure the front frame to the main
chassis sides. There are three screws on the right and two screws on
the left.
CAUTION To prevent damage to the semi-rigid cables, make sure they are
completely disconnected from the front panel connectors before
removing the front frame.
15.Separate the front frame from the main chassis and disconnect the
W4 ribbon cable from the A1A1 Keyboard assembly.
16.Remove the front-frame assembly.
Chapter 7 299
Figure 7-1 A1 Front-Frame Replacement
300 Chapter 7
Replacement
1. Connect W7 to A9J2 and route the cable down between the A2
Display assembly and the Front-End assembly.
2. Connect the W4 ribbon cable to the A1A1 Keyboard assembly.
3. Align the W10 semi-rigid cable (4) with the INPUT connector while
replacing the front frame on the main chassis. Make sure that the
cables attached to the front frame are not pinched between adjacent
assemblies. See Figure 7-1.
4. Replace the five screws (9) that secure the front frame to the main
chassis sides. There are three screws on the right and two screws on
the left.
5. Place the analyzer with the front frame forward and the bottom side
facing up on the work surface.
6. Connect W1 (7) to A16J9.
7. Connect W3 (6) to the connector from A1R1, the front-frame INTEN
control.
8. If the instrument came equipped with an A102 AM/FM Speaker and
TV Synch Trigger (Option 102), connect W102 to the VOL control
wiring connector (8) at A1R1.
9. If the instrument came equipped with a tracking generator, connect
the tracking generator output semi-rigid cable (5) to the RF OUT
connector on the front-frame assembly to 10 inch-pounds.
10.Connect the W10 semi-rigid cable (4) at the INPUT connector to
10 inch-pounds.
11.On 8592L, 8593E, and 8596E spectrum analyzers, connect the W37
semi-rigid cable (3) to the 100 MHz COMB OUT on the front-frame
assembly.
12.On 8592L, 8593E, and 8596E spectrum analyzers, replace the cable
tie (2) around W10 and the A3A11 and A3A12 assemblies. Tighten
the cable tie to secure the A3A11 and A3A12 assemblies to the W10
semi-rigid cable.
13.Replace the two screws (1) that secure the front frame to the main
chassis.
14.If the instrument came with an A17 Memory Card Reader, replace it.
Refer to the “A17 Memory Card Reader Assembly.” replacement
procedure.
15.Replace the instrument cover assembly. Refer to the “Instrument
Cover.” replacement procedure.
Chapter 7 301
A1A1 Keyboard/Front-Panel Keys
A1A1 Keyboard/Front-Panel Keys

8594Q QAM analyzers
Removal
1. Remove the front frame from the analyzer. Refer to the “A1
Front-Frame Assembly.” removal procedure.
2. Place the front frame face down on the work surface.
3. Refer to Foldout 12-5 at the end of Chapter 12 to remove the
keyboard assembly.
4. Note that the front-panel menu key actuators are part of the display
bezel assembly and are not replaceable. If the menu keys are
damaged, replace the bezel assembly.
Replacement
1. Refer to Foldout 12-5 at the end of Chapter 12 to replace the
keyboard assembly.
2. Install the front frame to the analyzer. Refer to the “A1 Front-Frame
Assembly.” replacement procedure.
302 Chapter 7
A2 Display
A2 Display
8594Q QAM analyzers
Removal
2. Remove the A17 Memory Card Reader. Refer to the “A17 Memory
Card Reader Assembly.” removal procedure.
3. Remove the A1 Front-Frame assembly. Refer to the “A1 Front-Frame
Assembly.” removal procedure.
4. Place the instrument on the work surface with the bottom side
facing up.
5. Remove the three screws (1) that secure the A2 Display to the
chassis. See Figure 7-2.
6. Disconnect the W2 wire harness (2) from A16J8 on the A16
Processor/Video Board assembly.
7. Place the instrument on its right side.
8. Disconnect the W51 wire harness from the power supply and, on
8592L and 8593E spectrum analyzers, from the A7 Analog Control
assembly.
CAUTION The plastic locking clip on the W3 connector (3) is fragile. Protect the
connector by wrapping it with a piece of tape before pushing it down
into the slot (4) on the instrument chassis.
9. Push the W2 wire harness (2) and the W3 wire harness (3) down
into the slot (4) on the instrument chassis.
10.Hold the display in position and remove the two screws (5) that
secure the display to the left side of the instrument chassis.
CAUTION A corner of the A8 Power Supply partially blocks the slot (4) in the
instrument chassis. Make sure that the display's wiring harness and
connectors do not jam between the power supply and the chassis.
Chapter 7 303
A2 Display
11.Slowly remove the display assembly from the front of the

instrument. Continue to route W2 and W3 through the slot (4) as
the display is removed.
Figure 7-2 A2 Display Replacement
12.Remove the screws and the fiber washer (6) that secure the A2
Display to its enclosure (7). See Figure 7-4.
13.Slowly pull the display out of its enclosure while routing W2 and W3
through the opening in the enclosure (8).
304 Chapter 7
A2 Display
WARNING A high-voltage potential may remain within the A2 Display

assembly for some time after it has been removed from the
instrument. Do not attempt to remove the post-accelerator lead
from the cathode-ray tube.
14.Disconnect W2 (9) and W3 (10) from the display.
Figure 7-3 CRT Assembly
Chapter 7 305
A2 Display
Figure 7-4 A2 Display, Rear View
Replacement
1. Connect W2 and W51 (8) and W3 (9) to the A2 Display. See
Figure 7-4.
CAUTION The plastic locking clip on the W3 connector (9) is fragile. Protect the
connector by wrapping it with a piece of tape before pushing it through
the opening (7) on the enclosure.
2. Place the display close to the front of the enclosure and route W2,
W51, and W3 out through the opening (7).
3. Slowly push the display into the enclosure while pulling W2, W51,
and W3 through the opening (7).
306 Chapter 7
A2 Display
4. Place the instrument on the work surface so that it is resting on its

right side.
5. Position the display assembly part of the way into the front of the
instrument.
6. Begin to push W2 and W3 out through the slot (4) in the instrument
chassis. See Figure 7-2.
CAUTION A corner of the A8 Power Supply partially blocks the slot (4) in the
instrument chassis. Make sure that the display's wiring harness and
connectors do not jam between the power supply and the chassis.
7. Replace the display in the instrument while carefully pulling W2

and W3 through the slot (4) in the instrument chassis.
8. Hold the display as far in as possible and replace the two screws (5)
that secure the display to the left side of the instrument chassis.
9. Connect the W51 wire harness to the power supply and, on 8592L
and 8593E spectrum analyzers, to the A7 Analog Control assembly.
See Figure 7-8.
10.Place the instrument on the work surface with the bottom side
facing up.
11.Remove the tape protecting the plastic clip on W3 (3).
12.Connect W2 (2) to A16J8 on the A16 Processor/Video Board
assembly.
13.Replace the three screws (1) that secure the display to the chassis.
14.Replace the A1 Front-Frame assembly. Refer to the “A1 Front-Frame
15.Replace the A17 Memory Card Reader. Refer to the “A17 Memory
Card Reader Assembly.” replacement procedure.
Chapter 7 307
RF Assembly
RF Assembly
8590L and 8591E spectrum analyzers
Removal
2. Place the analyzer with the bottom side facing up.
3. Disconnect the W10 semi-rigid cable (2) from the INPUT connector.
See Figure 7-5.
4. If the instrument came equipped with a tracking generator,
disconnect W31 (8) from the RF OUTPUT.
5. On 8591E spectrum analyzers and 8591C cable TV analyzers,
disconnect W20 (7) from counter lock assembly A25A1J1.
6. Remove the four screws (3) securing the RF assembly to the chassis.
7. Place the analyzer with the top side facing up.
8. Clip the tie wraps (9) which secure W8 and W9 to the other cables.
9. Disconnect the W9 cable (4) from A9J4, the 321.4 MHz INPUT.
10.Disconnect the W8 cable (5) from A9J5, the 600 MHz OUT.
11.Remove the four screws (10) securing the A7 Analog board to the
chassis. Note that one of these is a pozidrive screw which attaches to
the RF assembly.
12.Remove the A7 Analog Interface assembly. Refer to the “A7 Analog
Interface Assembly.” removal procedure.
13.If the instrument came equipped with a tracking generator
assembly, disconnect the SMA cables connected to the A7A1
Tracking Generator Control assembly.
14.Remove the bracket (11) which secures the RF assembly to the IF
section.
CAUTION To prevent cable damage, make sure that W10 and W31 are completely
disconnected before removing the RF assembly.
308 Chapter 7
RF Assembly
15.Carefully remove the RF assembly from the analyzer.
NOTE To disassemble or assemble the RF assembly, refer to the Foldouts at

the end of Chapter 12. Chapter 11 provides cable location information
for the RF assembly and the tracking generator assembly.
Figure 7-5 RF Assembly Replacement
Chapter 7 309
RF Assembly
Replacement
2. Align the W10 semi-rigid cable (2) with the INPUT connector, and
W31, if equipped with a tracking generator, with the OUTPUT
connector as the Rf assembly is placed into the analyzer. Make sure
that none of the cables are pinched while installing the RF assembly.
3. Replace the bracket (11) which secures the RF assembly to the IF
section.
4. Replace the A7 Analog Interface assembly (1). Refer to the “A7
Analog Interface Assembly.” replacement procedure.
5. Connect W9 (4) to A9J4, and W8 (5) to A9J5.
6. Replace the tie wraps (9) which secure W8 and W9 to the other
cables.
7. Place the analyzer with the bottom side facing up.
8. Replace the four screws (3) that secure the RF assembly to the
analyzer.
9. Tighten the W10 semi-rigid cable (2) on the INPUT connector to
10 inch-pounds.
assembly, tighten the W31 semi-rigid cable (8) on the OUTPUT
connector to 10 inch-pounds.
310 Chapter 7
8594Q QAM analyzers
General Instructions
CAUTION • The A3 Front-End assembly has static-sensitive components. Read

Chapter 15 before proceeding.
• Hold the A3A3 Low-Pass Filter, A3A9 Bandpass Filter, and FL1
Low-Pass Filter firmly in place when loosening or tightening either of
their semi-rigid cables. The cables can be easily damaged if the filters
are allowed to twist.
• The bracket assembly is made up of four separate brackets. Whenever
the brackets are called out in a replacement procedure, they are
designated by the letters A through D, as illustrated in Figure 7-6.
To disassemble the A3 Front-End assembly, refer to the foldouts at the

end of Chapter 12. Chapter 11 provides cable location information for
the various option and model mixes.
The torque specification for all of the SMA connections within the A3
Front-End assembly is 10 inch-pounds. Be sure that the assemblies are
securely mounted during initial loosening or final torquing of the
semi-rigid cables.
Chapter 7 311
NOTE When replacing the A3A8 YTF, closely examine the replacement YTF. It
may have its wiring label installed in one of two ways. Either
orientation is correct as long as A3A8J2 is connected to the SMA
adapter and proper polarity of the tuning wires is observed. Use the
following schedule to connect the wires to the replacement YTF:
• Connect the violet wire to one “HTR” terminal.
• Connect the green wire to the other “HTR” terminal.
• Connect the orange wire to the “− Tune” terminal.
• Connect the brown wire to the “+ Tune” terminal.
Figure 7-6 A3 Front-End Bracket Assembly
312 Chapter 7
Removal
2. Remove the front-frame assembly. Refer to the “A1 Front-Frame
3. Place the instrument so that its left side is resting on the work
surface.
4. Disconnect the W20 coaxial cable (1) from AT1, the 10 dB pad. See
Figure 7-7.
5. Push W20 through the slot (2) on the instrument chassis.
6. Remove the four screws (3) that secure the A3 Front-End assembly
to the instrument chassis.
Figure 7-7 A3 Front-End Replacement, Bottom View
Chapter 7 313
7. Place the instrument on the work surface with the top side facing up.
8. Remove the A7 Analog Interface assembly. Refer to the “A7 Analog
9. Note how the cables attached to the A9 Third Converter assembly
are dressed. (This information will be used later during the “A3
Front-End Assembly.” replacement procedure.
NOTE Some card-cage options have a different cable dress which include the
use of tie-wraps. The tie-wraps are required to hold the wires in place
during installation of the instrument cover.
10.Disconnect W8 (1) from A9J5 and W9 (2) from A9J4. See Figure 7-8.
(Option 010), disconnect W39 from A10J1 and W38 from A10J2.
12.If the instrument came equipped with an LO Output on the rear
panel (Option 009), disconnect W42 (3) from the LO OUTPUT
connector on the rear-frame assembly.
13.Remove the three screws and two washers (4) from the
front-end-to-IF support bracket, then remove the bracket.
14.Tuck the cables and wire harness that are attached to the front-end
assembly down into the space (5) between the “D” bracket and the
A3A9 filter. This reduces the possibility that wires will be damaged
while the front-end assembly is removed.
15.Carefully lift the A3 Front-End assembly out of the instrument.
314 Chapter 7
Figure 7-8 A3 Front-End Replacement, Top View
Chapter 7 315
Replacement
1. Tuck all cables and wire harnesses on the A3 Front-End assembly
(except for cables W20 and W24) down into the space (5) between
the “D” bracket and the A3A9 filter. This reduces the possibility of
damaging wires while replacing the front-end assembly. See
Figure 7-8.
2. Place the instrument on the work surface with the top side facing up.
3. Set the front-end assembly on top of the A2 Display assembly and
route the W20 coaxial cable into the slot on the instrument chassis
that is just below the lower-right rear corner of the A2 Display
assembly.
4. Position the front-end assembly over the front-end section of the
instrument chassis.
CAUTION Protect the center pin of the W10 semi-rigid cable and make sure that
cables W20 and W24, as well as all other wiring, are not pinched
between the front-end assembly and the instrument.
5. Carefully lower the front-end assembly into the instrument chassis.

6. Replace the front-end-to-IF support bracket, and install the three
screws and two washers (4) on the bracket without tightening.
7. Connect W8 (1) to A9J5 and W9 (2) to A9J4. See Figure 7-8.
8. If the instrument came equipped with an LO Output on the rear
panel (Option 009), connect W42 (3) to the LO OUTPUT connector
on the rear-frame assembly.
9. Place the instrument so that its left side is resting on the work
surface.
10.Install and tighten the four screws (3) that secure the front-end
assembly to the chassis. See Figure 7-7.
11.Route W20 through the slot (2) in the instrument chassis and under
the ribbon cable.
12.Connect W20 (1) to the AT1 assembly and tighten it to
10 inch-pounds.
13.Place the instrument on the work surface with the top side facing
up.
14.Tighten the three screws (4) on the front-end-to-IF support bracket.
See Figure 7-8.
15.Replace the A7 Analog Board assembly. Refer to the “A7 Analog
Interface Assembly.” replacement procedure.
316 Chapter 7
16.Dress all cables as noted during the removal procedure.

17.For card-cage options with additional wiring, replace the tie-wraps
and dress the wiring so that there will be no interference with the
instrument cover assembly.
18.Replace the front-frame assembly. Refer to the “A1 Front-Frame
Cover.” replacement.
Chapter 7 317
A7 Analog Interface Assembly

8594Q QAM analyzers
Removal
2. Remove the four screws (1), which secure the A7 Analog Interface
assembly to the right side of the instrument chassis. See Figure 7-9.
3. Note how the cables and wiring attached to the A7 assembly are
dressed. (This information will be used later during the replacement
procedure.)
4. Pull the A7 assembly partially out of its slot and disconnect W12,
W13, W34, W35, W36, and W51 from the A7 assembly (2).
5. If you have an A7A1 Tracking Generator Control assembly on your
8590L, 8591C, or 8591E, you will need to remove the SMA cables
attached to it as you are removing the A7 assembly.
6. Remove the A7 assembly and place it in a static-safe container.
318 Chapter 7
Figure 7-9 A7 Analog Interface Assembly Replacement
Chapter 7 319
Replacement
CAUTION Serious instrument damage will result if any wire connector is not
installed correctly. A connector can be installed backwards or in the
wrong position. Inspect each connector and make sure it is not damaged
or missing a key plug. Also inspect the A7 assembly for bent connector
pins. Incorrect connector installation is most likely to occur with the
connectors on W12, W35 and W36. See Figure 7-10.
Figure 7-10 End View of Connectors for W12, W35, and W36
1. Lower the A7 assembly part way into the A7 slot and connect W12,
W13, W34, W35, W36, and W51 (3) to the A7 assembly.
2. If your 8590L, 8591C, or 8591E has an A7A1 Tracking Generator
Control assembly, you will need to reconnect the SMA cables to it as
you lower the A7 assembly into the instrument.
NOTE To ensure proper installation of the A7 assembly, perform the following:

a. Arrange all wiring so that the wires do not press against the A7
assembly.
b. Align the two tabs on the bottom of the A7 assembly with the slots
on the instrument chassis.
c. Avoid bending the pins on the A15 motherboard connector while
positioning the A7 assembly.
d. Align the A7 Analog Interface assembly connector with the A15
motherboard connector carefully.
320 Chapter 7
3. Install the A7 assembly. Slide the A7 assembly toward the back of

the A7 slot so that the front-end-to-chassis spacer, mounted on the
leading edge of the A7 assembly, will drop smoothly into place.
4. Replace the four screws (1) that secure the A7 assembly to the right
side of the chassis.
5. Replace the instrument cover assembly. Refer to the “Instrument
Chapter 7 321
A8 Power Supply
A8 Power Supply
8594Q QAM analyzers
Removal
2. Remove the instrument rear frame. Refer to the “Rear-Frame
3. Remove W51 (4) from the A8 Power Supply.
4. Remove the four TORX screws and washers on the left side of the
chassis adjacent to the A8 Power Supply.
5. Grasp the power supply pull-tab (1), pull straight up, and remove
the A8 assembly from the instrument chassis. See Figure 7-11.
Replacement
1. Position the 37-pin connector (2) on the power-supply so it is able
mate with the A15 motherboard connector.
2. Lower the A8 assembly into the instrument chassis.
3. With the connectors properly aligned, push down on top of the A8
assembly close to the pull tab (3). The assembly is correctly installed
when the four mounting holes on the left side of the chassis are
aligned with the tapped holes on the A8 assembly.
4. Replace the four screws and washers on the left side of the chassis.
5. Replace the rear frame. Refer to the “Rear-Frame Assembly.”
replacement procedure.
322 Chapter 7
A8 Power Supply
Figure 7-11 A8 Power Supply Replacement
Chapter 7 323

8594Q QAM analyzers
Removal of the A15 Motherboard

2. Remove the A8 Power Supply. Refer to the “A8 Power Supply.”
removal procedure.
3. Remove the A7 Analog Interface assembly. Refer to the “A7 Analog
4. Remove the rear-frame assembly. Refer to the “Rear-Frame
5. If there are card cage options installed, perform the following:
• Note the position of the option cards for reassembly.
• Note how the wiring and cables to each option are dressed.
• Remove all cable ties.
• Disconnect all cables and wire harnesses attached to each option.
• Remove the option assemblies from the card cage and place them
in static-safe containers.
6. Remove W7, W8, W9, and W21 (1) from the A9 Third Converter. See
Figure 7-12.
7. Remove the two screws (4) on the front-end-to-IF support bracket.
8. Disconnect the W19 coaxial cable (5) from the A15J18 at the rear of
the instrument. See Figure 7-13.
9. Disconnect the B1 Fan wire harness (6) from A15J19 at the rear of
the instrument.
10.Remove the 40 screws (7) that secure the five IF board assemblies in
the IF extrusion assembly.
324 Chapter 7
CAUTION Use the two-prong board-puller tool to remove the IF board assemblies
that do not have attached covers. Traces on the printed circuit boards
can be damaged if tools with sharp edges are used to remove the IF
board assemblies.
Figure 7-12 A15 Motherboard Replacement
11.Remove the five IF board assemblies (8) from the IF extrusion and
place them in a static-safe container.
12.Remove the five screws (9) that secure the A15 motherboard to the
instrument chassis.
Chapter 7 325
CAUTION Do not twist the motherboard sideways while removing it from the
instrument. This avoids damaging the connector on the A16
Processor/Video Board assembly that is mated with the connector on
the back side of the A15 motherboard.
13.Pull the motherboard straight up and out of the instrument chassis.

If the motherboard is difficult to remove, a slight rocking action,
from front to rear, will help it disconnect from the connector on the
processor/video board assembly.
14.If the instrument is equipped with a card-cage:
• Remove the four screws (10) that secure the card-cage bracket to
the sides of the IF extrusion. See Figure 7-13.
• Turn the motherboard assembly upside down on the work surface
and remove the two screws (11) that secure the card-cage bracket
to the motherboard. Remove the bracket.
15.Remove the 40 screws (12) that secure the IF extrusion assembly to
the motherboard.
NOTE If you are replacing a defective A15 motherboard, continue at the

“Replacement of the A15 Motherboard.” procedure.
16.Remove the motherboard and place it in a static-safe container.
326 Chapter 7
Figure 7-13 A15 Motherboard with IF Section
Replacement of the A15 Motherboard

17.Position the IF extrusion assembly on the work surface with its IF
board assembly slots facing up. There is no “top” or “bottom” to the
IF extrusion; it can be installed with either finished surface mated to
the A15 motherboard.
18.Make sure that the mating surfaces of the extrusion assembly and
the motherboard are free of debris.
Chapter 7 327
NOTE The IF extrusion assembly contains one flat extrusion end-section.

Make sure that the extrusion assembly is positioned with the flat
extrusion end-section next to the A8 Power Supply connector (18). See
Figure 7-13.
19.Turn the A15 motherboard upside down and align it with the IF
extrusion assembly.
20.Replace the 40 screws (12) that secure the IF extrusion assembly to
the motherboard.
21.If the instrument came equipped with a card-cage:
a. Replace the card-cage bracket and align it with the two holes on
the motherboard.
b. Replace the two screws (11) that secure the card-cage bracket to
the motherboard without tightening. See Figure 7-13.
c. Turn the motherboard assembly right side up and replace the
four screws (10) that secure the card-cage bracket to the sides of
the IF extrusion assembly.
d. Tighten the two screws (11) on the bottom-side of the
motherboard.
CAUTION Do not twist the motherboard sideways while inserting its connector
into the A16 board assembly connector. This prevents damage to either
connector.
22.Lower the motherboard assembly into the instrument chassis and

align it with the connector on the processor/video board assembly.
23.If it is difficult to insert the motherboard connector into the
processor/video connector, a slight rocking action, from front to rear,
will help it drop into place.
24.Make sure that the holes in the motherboard assembly line up with
the holes in the instrument chassis.
NOTE If the holes do not line up, loosen the screws that secure the A16
Processor/Video Board assembly to the instrument chassis. Refer to the
“A16 Processor/Video Board and A16A1 Memory Board Assembly.”
25.Replace the five screws (9) that secure the A15 motherboard to the
instrument chassis.
26.Replace the five IF board assemblies (8) in the IF extrusion.
27.Place each IF cover over its corresponding IF board assembly.
328 Chapter 7
28.Replace the 40 screws (7) that secure the IF board assemblies to the
IF extrusion.
29.Connect the B1 Fan wire harness (6) to A15J19 at the rear of the
motherboard.
30.Connect the W19 coaxial cable (5) on A15J18 at the rear of the
motherboard.
31.Replace the two screws and flat washers (4) on the front-end-to-IF
support bracket. See Figure 7-12.
32.Replace the rear frame. Refer to the “Rear-Frame Assembly.”
33.Replace the A7 Analog Board assembly. Refer to the “A7 Analog
Interface Assembly.” replacement procedure.
34.Replace W7, W8, W9, and W21 (1) on the A9 Third Converter.
35.If the instrument is equipped with card-cage options:
• Replace the option assemblies in the card-cage slot that they were
removed from.
• Connect all option cables and wire harnesses as noted in the
removal procedure.
• Replace all cable ties as noted in the removal procedure.
• Position all wiring and cables so that they do not interfere with
the installation of the instrument cover.
36.Replace the A8 Power Supply. Refer to the “A8 Power Supply.”
Chapter 7 329
A16 Processor/Video Board and A16A1 Memory Board Assembly
A16 Processor/Video Board and A16A1

Memory Board Assembly
8594Q QAM analyzers
Before Replacing the A16 Processor/Video Board

Assembly or the A16A1 Memory Board Assembly
Frequency response and cal attenuator correction constants (for the
A12 amplitude control board assembly) are stored in battery-backed
RAM on the A16A1 memory board assembly. If replacing the A16A1
memory board, record these correction constants using the procedures
in Chapter 3 prior to removing the A16A1 memory board assembly.
If not replacing the A16A1 memory board, remove the board by prying
the board off the standoffs and place in a static-safe bag.
NOTE If you are unable to record the current correction constants, or they are
invalid, new correction constants must be generated after replacing the
A16A1 memory board. Refer to the “10 MHz Reference,” “Frequency
Response,” and “Cal Attenuator Error Correction” adjustment
procedures in Chapter 2 of this manual.
If valid correction constants can be removed from analyzer memory

before replacing the A16A1 memory board, record the correction values
using the procedures in Chapter 3.
330 Chapter 7
Removal
2. Place the analyzer on the work surface with the bottom side facing
up.
3. If the instrument is equipped with Option 041 or Option 043:
• Remove the five screws securing the IO connector to the IO board.
• Remove the four screws (4) that secure the A40 or A41 IO board
assembly.
• Remove the A40 or A41 I0 board assembly (5).
4. Detach the instrument rear frame from the chassis. Pull the rear
frame back so that the A16 Processor/Video Board assembly is
completely exposed.
5. Disconnect the W14 ribbon cable (1) from A16J2 and A25J4. See
Figure 7-14.
6. Remove the four screws (2) that secure the A25 Counter-Lock
assembly.
7. Remove the A25 assembly (3).
8. If the instrument is equipped with Option 041 or Option 043.
9. Remove the seven screws (6) that secure the A16 assembly.
CAUTION The A16 assembly may be damaged if it is placed on a conductive

surface. Use a static-safe workstation. Ensure that the assembly is not
placed on any conductive material.
10.Remove the A16A1 Memory board assembly and place in a

static-safe container.
11.Remove the A16 assembly and place it in a static-safe container.
Chapter 7 331
Figure 7-14 A16 Processor/Video Board Replacement
332 Chapter 7
Replacement
CAUTION To prevent damage to connectors A16J1 and A15J2, make sure that
they are mated correctly before pushing the A16 assembly into place.
Avoid twisting the A16 assembly from side to side during installation.
1. Replace the A16 processor/video board assembly.

2. Place two screws in the mounting holes by J5 and J7. Align the A16
board as far toward the rear panel as it will go.
3. Replace the remaining five screws (6) that secure the A16 assembly.
See Figure 7-14.
4. If the instrument is equipped with Option 041 or 043:
• Replace the A40 or A41 IO board assembly (5).
• Replace the four screws (4) that secure the A40 or A41 IO board
assembly.
5. Replace the A25 counter-lock assembly (3).
6. Replace the four screws (2) that secure the A25 assembly.
7. Connect the W14 ribbon cable (1) to A16J2 and A25J4.
CAUTION To prevent cable and wire damage, ensure all wiring is routed to one
side of the SMB connector, A15J18, and through the notch located on
the rear edge of the A15 motherboard.
8. Replace the rear-frame assembly.

9. Install the IO connector through the rear panel into the IO board
and replace the five screws securing the IO connector to the IO
board.
Chapter 7 333
After Replacing the A16 Processor/Video Board

Assembly
The A16A1 stores all the data necessary for analyzer operation
including the model identification and serial number. All that is
required is to power up the analyzer.
If the A16A1 memory board has lost this data for any reason, it will
be necessary to perform the routines outlined in “After Replacing the
A16A1 Memory Board Assembly.”
After Replacing the A16A1 Memory Board

Assembly
If no valid correction constants were saved before removal of the
A16A1 assembly, new correction constants must be generated.
• Perform “Reset the power-on units.” in Chapter 3.
• Perform the “10 MHz Reference” on 8590 E-Series, 8591Cs, and
8594Qs only, “Frequency Response,” and “Cal Attenuator Error”
adjustment procedures in Chapter 2 to generate new correction
constants.
• Perform the “Instrument Calibration after Reloading the
Correction Constants.” in Chapter 3.
If valid correction constants were saved before replacing the A16A1
assembly, restore the corrections to RAM memory and recalibrate
the analyzer using the following procedures from “Analyzer
Initialization.” and “Reloading the Correction Constants.” in
Chapter 3.
• “Reset the power-on units.”
• “Reload the timebase-correction constant.” and “Reload the
flatness-correction constants.”
• “Reload the A12 step-gain-correction constants.”
• “Instrument Calibration after Reloading the Correction
Constants.”
334 Chapter 7
A16 Processor/Video Board Firmware ROMs
A16 Processor/Video Board Firmware

ROMs
8594Q QAM analyzers
Removal
2. Remove the A25 Counter-Lock assembly. Refer to the “A25
Counter-Lock Assembly.” removal procedure.
3. Note the location of the four firmware ROMs: A16U6, A16U7,
A16U23, and A16U24. Refer to Figure 7-15.
4. Carefully pry the ROMs upward using a small-blade screwdriver.
Pull the ROMs from their sockets evenly so that the IC pins (1) at
the rear of each ROM are not bent.
Replacement
CAUTION To prevent damage to the ROMs, make sure that the ROMs are
oriented correctly with the sockets on the A16 assembly. Match the
notch (2) at the end of each ROM with the notch at the end of its socket.
Align each ROM IC pin with the opening of its pin receptacle on the
socket.
1. Position each ROM on the A16 assembly as illustrated in

Figure 7-15.
2. Install each ROM by carefully pushing down on both ends of the
ROM with equal pressure.
3. Replace the A25 Counter-Lock assembly. Refer to the “A25
Counter-Lock Assembly.” replacement procedure.
5. Continue at the “Adjustments Required after ROM Replacement.”
procedure.
Chapter 7 335
A16 Processor/Video Board Firmware ROMs
Figure 7-15 A16 Processor/Video Board Firmware ROM Replacement
Adjustments Required after ROM Replacement

1. Connect the instrument to ac power and turn the analyzer ON.
2. Press PRESET.
3. Let the analyzer warm up for 30 minutes.
NOTE A FREQ UNCAL message may appear on screen but will disappear after
the successful completion of the self-calibration routines.
4. Perform the following adjustments from Chapter 2.

a. CAL FREQ Adjustment Routine
b. CAL AMPTD Adjustment Routine
c. CAL YTF Adjustment Routine (8592L, 8593E, 8595E, and 8596E
only)
336 Chapter 7
A16A1BT1 Battery
A16A1BT1 Battery
8594Q QAM analyzers
WARNING Battery A16A1BT1 contains lithium iodide. There is a danger of

explosion if the battery is incorrectly replaced. Replace only
with the same or equivalent type recommended. Do not
incinerate or puncture this battery. Discard used batteries
according to the manufacture's instructions.
Removal/Replacement
CAUTION The A16A1 memory board assembly may be damaged if it is placed on a

conductive surface. Use a static-safe workstation. Ensure that the
memory board assembly is not placed on any conductive material.
1. Remove the A16A1 memory board assembly by lifting it up from the

A16 processor/video board.
CAUTION Placing the bottom side of the A16A1 assembly on a conductive work
surface can result in loss of correction data stored in RAM. Protect the
A16A1 assembly from contact with any conductive surface.
2. Remove the nylon insulator from the bottom of the A16A1 board
assembly.
3. Locate the battery leads on the A16A1 assembly, desolder them, and
remove the old battery.
Chapter 7 337
A16A1BT1 Battery
NOTE A16A1C1 maintains the voltage required to back up RAM for a

maximum of 8 hours. A16A1C1 is the large round capacitor next to
A16A1BT1.
4. Replace and solder the leads of the new battery, ensuring proper
polarity as silkscreened on the A16A1 board assembly.
5. Record the battery-replacement date on the battery label located on
the analyzer rear frame.
6. Replace the A16A1 memory board assembly onto the A16
processor/video board. Refer to the “A16 Processor/Video Board and
A16A1 Memory Board Assembly.” replacement procedure.
7. Connect the power cord to the analyzer and turn the power on for
about five minutes. This allows the supercap to fully charge and
insures the battery switching circuitry is in the correct mode.
338 Chapter 7
A17 Memory Card Reader Assembly

8594Q QAM analyzers
Removal
2. Place the analyzer on the work surface with the bottom side facing
up.
3. Disconnect the W14 ribbon cable (1) from the A17 Memory Card
Reader assembly. See Figure 7-16.
4. Remove the jumper (5) between the A17 Memory Card Reader and
LS1. See Figure 7-16.
5. Remove the two screws (2) that secure the A17 assembly to the
chassis.
CAUTION When removing the A17 assembly, be sure to slide the assembly
straight backward to prevent damage to the two alignment tabs on the
front of the A17 support bracket.
6. Remove the A17 assembly (3), gently sliding the assembly towards
the rear of the analyzer and up.
7. Remove the four screws (4) that secure the A17 assembly to the
memory-card base and remove the A17 assembly.
Chapter 7 339
Replacement
1. Place the analyzer on the worksurface with the bottom side facing
up.
2. Place the A17 Memory Card Reader assembly on the memory-card
base.
3. Replace the four screws (4) that secure the A17 assembly to the
memory-card base.
CAUTION The two alignment tabs on the memory-card base beneath the A17
Memory Card Reader assembly can be easily damaged. When replacing
the A17 Memory Card Reader assembly, carefully mate the two
alignment tabs with the memory-card bezel on the front-frame
assembly.
4. Replace the A17 assembly (3), gently sliding the assembly along the
chassis toward the memory-card reader bezel on the front-frame
assembly.
5. Replace the two screws (2) that secure the A17 assembly to the
chassis.
6. Replace the jumper (5) between the A17 Memory Card Reader and
LS1.
7. Connect the W14 ribbon cable (1) to the A17 assembly.
340 Chapter 7
Figure 7-16 A17 Memory Card Reader Replacement
Chapter 7 341

8594Q QAM analyzers
Removal
2. Place the analyzer on the worksurface with the bottom side facing
up.
3. Disconnect W20 (1) from the counter-lock assembly. See Figure 7-17.
4. Disconnect the cables from A25J3 and A25J5 (2).
5. Disconnect W4 (4) from the counter-lock assembly.
6. Remove the four mounting screws (5).
7. As you remove the counter-lock assembly, disconnect the cables from
A25J1 and A25J2 (3).
8. Place the counter-lock in a static-safe container.
Replacement
1. As you replace the counter-lock assembly, reconnect the cables to
A25J1 and A25J2 (3). See Figure 7-17.
2. Replace the four mounting screws (5).
3. Connect W20 (1) to the counter-lock assembly.
4. Connect the cables to A25J3 and A25J5 (2).
5. Connect W4 (4) to the counter-lock assembly.
342 Chapter 7
Figure 7-17 A25 Counter-Lock Replacement
Chapter 7 343
B1 Fan
B1 Fan
8594Q QAM analyzers
Removal
2. Place the instrument on the worksurface with the back end facing
out.
3. Hold the B1 Fan assembly in position and loosen the four screws (1)
that secure the fan assembly to the rear-frame assembly. See
Figure 7-18.
4. Pull the fan 2 inches away from the instrument, reach into the
opening in the rear frame, and disconnect the fan wiring from
A15J19 (2).
5. Remove the four screws, washers, and spacers from the fan (1).
6. Remove the fan grill (3).
344 Chapter 7
B1 Fan
Figure 7-18 B1 Fan Replacement
Replacement
1. Position the fan grill on the B1 Fan (3). See Figure 7-18. The fan
label must be visible through the fan grill to make sure that the fan
provides the correct air flow.
2. Position the four spacers on the fan and replace the screws and
washers (1).
3. Hold the fan 2 inches away from the instrument and connect the fan
wiring to A15J19 (2).
4. Position the fan assembly on the instrument and tighten the four
screws (1) that secure it to the rear frame.
Chapter 7 345
Rear-Frame Assembly
Rear-Frame Assembly
8594Q QAM analyzers
Removal
3. Remove the six screws (three on each side) that secure the rear
frame to the main chassis.
4. Remove the W6 jumper from the 10 MHz REF OUTPUT and the
EXT REF IN connectors.
5. Pull the rear frame straight back away from the main chassis.
NOTE Different models and option mixes will cause the configuration of the
cables and wires to the rear frame to vary widely. Therefore, you will
need to note these connections for reference during reassembly. See
Figure 7-19.
6. Disconnect the fan assembly from J19 on the A15 IF Motherboard

assembly.
7. Disconnect the wires and cables from the rear-frame assembly.
Replacement
1. Connect the wires and cables to the rear-frame assembly as noted
during the removal procedure. See Figure 7-18.
2. Connect the fan assembly to J19 on the A15 IF Motherboard
assembly.
CAUTION Wiring can be pinched between the rear frame and the edge of the A15
motherboard. Make sure that all wiring is routed to one side of the
SMB connector, A15J18, and through the notch located on the rear edge
of the motherboard.
346 Chapter 7
Rear-Frame Assembly
3. Place the rear frame on the main chassis.

4. Replace the W6 jumper between the 10 MHz REF OUTPUT and the
EXT REF IN connectors.
5. Replace the six screws (three on each side) that secure the rear
frame to the main chassis.
Figure 7-19 Rear Frame Replacement
Chapter 7 347
Rear-Frame Assembly
348 Chapter 7
8 If You Have A Problem
Your spectrum analyzer is built to provide dependable service. It is

unlikely that you will experience a problem. However, Agilent
Technologies’ worldwide sales and service organization is ready to
provide you the support you need.
349
If You Have A Problem
Contacting Agilent Technologies
Contacting Agilent Technologies

If you have a problem with your analyzer, first, check the basics. This
chapter contains a checklist that will help identify some of the most
common problems. If further troubleshooting is necessary, refer to
Chapter 4 in this guide or return the analyzer to Agilent Technologies.
This chapter is organized into the following sections:
Check the Basics.
A quick checklist to help identify some of the most common problems.
Calling Agilent Technologies Sales and Service Offices.
Refer to this section for information about contacting an Agilent
Technologies sales and service office.
Returning Your Analyzer for Service.
Refer to this section for information about returning your analyzer for
service.
350 Chapter 8
Check the Basics
Check the Basics

In general, a problem can be caused by a hardware failure, a software
error, or a user error. Often problems may be solved by repeating what
was being done when the problem occurred. A few minutes spent in
performing these simple checks may eliminate time spent waiting for
instrument repair.
❏ Check that the analyzer is plugged into the proper ac power source.
❏ Check that the line socket has power.
❏ Check that the rear-panel voltage selector switch is set correctly.
❏ Check that the line fuse is good.
❏ Check that the analyzer is turned on.
❏ Check that the other equipment, cables, and connectors are
connected properly and operating correctly.
❏ Check the equipment settings in the procedure that was being used
when the problem occurred.
❏ Check that the test being performed and the expected results are
within the specifications and capabilities of the analyzer. Refer to
the calibration guide for your instrument.
❏ Check the analyzer display for error messages. Refer to the 8590
E-Series and L-Series Spectrum Analyzers User's Guide or 8591C
Cable TV Analyzer User's Guide, Spectrum Analyzer Reference.
❏ Check operation by performing the verification procedures in the
calibration guide for your instrument. Record all results in the
Performance Test record.
If there is still a problem, refer to Chapter 4 in this book.
Chapter 8 351
Calling Agilent Technologies Sales and Service Offices
Calling Agilent Technologies Sales and

Service Offices
Use the information in this section to obtain Agilent Technologies sales
and service offices information. Sales and service offices are located
around the world to provide complete support for your analyzer. To
obtain servicing information or to order replacement parts, contact the
nearest Agilent Technologies sales and service office listed in Table 8-1.
In any correspondence or telephone conversations, refer to the analyzer
by its model number and full serial number. With this information, the
Agilent Technologies representative can quickly determine whether
your unit is still within its warranty period.
Before calling Agilent Technologies

Before calling Agilent Technologies or returning the analyzer for
service, please make the checks listed in “Check the Basics.” If you still
have a problem, please read the warranty printed at the front of this
guide. If your analyzer is covered by a separate maintenance
agreement, please be familiar with its terms.
Agilent Technologies offers several maintenance plans to service your
analyzer after warranty expiration. Call your Agilent Technologies
sales and service office for full details.
If you want to service the analyzer yourself after warranty expiration,
refer to Chapter 4 in this guide.
Instrument serial numbers

Agilent Technologies makes frequent improvements to its products to
enhance their performance and reliability. Agilent Technologies service
personnel have access to the records of design changes for each
instrument, based on the instrument's serial number and option
designation.
Whenever you contact Agilent Technologies about your analyzer, have a
complete serial number. This will ensure that you obtain accurate
service information.
352 Chapter 8
A serial-number label is attached to the rear of the analyzer. This label

has two instrument identification entries: the first provides the
instrument's serial number and the second provides the identification
number for each option built into the instrument.
The serial number is divided into three parts. The first four digits are
the serial-number prefix; the letter indicates the country of origin; the
last five digits are the suffix. The serial-number label contains a
three-digit option number for each option built into the analyzer. Each
option number is entered sequentially below the serial number. See
Table 8-1.
Figure 8-1 Typical Serial-Number Label
The serial-number prefix is a code that identifies the date of the last
major design change that is built into the analyzer. The letter identifies
the country where the instrument was manufactured. The five-digit
suffix is a sequential number and is different for each instrument.
Chapter 8 353
Agilent Technologies sales and service offices

Refer to the following table for Agilent Technologies sales and service
office telephone and address information.
By internet, phone, or fax, get assistance with all your test and
measurement needs.
Table 8-1 Contacting Agilent
Online assistance: www.agilent.com/find/assist
United States Japan New Zealand Europe

(tel) 1 800 452 4844 (tel) (+81) 426 56 7832 (tel) 0 800 738 378 (tel) (+31) 20 547 2323
(fax) (+81) 426 56 7840 (fax) (+64) 4 495 8950 (fax) (+31) 20 547 2390
Canada Latin America Australia

(tel) 1 877 894 4414 (tel) (305) 269 7500 (tel) 1 800 629 485
(fax) (905) 282 6495 (fax) (305) 269 7599 (fax) (+61) 3 9210 5947
Asia Call Center Numbers
Country Phone Number Fax Number
Singapore 1-800-375-8100 (65) 836-0252
Malaysia 1-800-828-848 1-800-801664
Philippines (632) 8426802 (632) 8426809

1-800-16510170 (PLDT 1-800-16510288 (PLDT
Subscriber Only) Subscriber Only)
Thailand (088) 226-008 (outside Bangkok) (66) 1-661-3714

(662) 661-3999 (within Bangkok)
Hong Kong 800-930-871 (852) 2506 9233
Taiwan 0800-047-866 (886) 2 25456723
People’s Republic 800-810-0189 (preferred) 10800-650-0121

of China 10800-650-0021
India 1-600-11-2929 000-800-650-1101
354 Chapter 8
Returning Your Analyzer for Service

Use the information in this section if you need to return the analyzer to
Agilent Technologies.
Package the analyzer for shipment

Use the following steps to package the analyzer for shipment to Agilent
Technologies for service:
1. Fill in a service tag (available at the end of this chapter) and attach
it to the instrument. Please be as specific as possible about the
nature of the problem. Send a copy of any or all of the following
information:
• Any error messages that appeared on the analyzer display.
• A completed Performance Test record from the calibration guide
for your instrument.
• Any other specific data on the performance of the analyzer.
CAUTION Analyzer damage can result from using packaging materials other than
those specified. Never use styrene pellets in any shape as packaging
materials. They do not adequately cushion the instrument or prevent it
from shifting in the carton. Styrene pellets cause equipment damage by
generating static electricity and by lodging in the analyzer fan.
2. Use the original packaging materials or a strong shipping container

that is made of double-walled, corrugated cardboard with 159 kg
(350 lb) bursting strength. The carton must be both large enough
and strong enough to accommodate the analyzer and allow at least 3
to 4 inches on all sides of the analyzer for packing material.
3. Surround the instrument with at least 3 to 4 inches of packing
material, or enough to prevent the instrument from moving in the
carton. If packing foam is not available, the best alternative is
SD-240 Air Cap™ from Sealed Air Corporation (Commerce, CA
90001). Air Cap looks like a plastic sheet covered with 1-1/4 inch
air-filled bubbles. Use the pink Air Cap to reduce static electricity.
Wrap the instrument several times in the material to both protect
the instrument and prevent it from moving in the carton.
4. Seal the shipping container securely with strong nylon adhesive
tape.
5. Mark the shipping container “FRAGILE, HANDLE WITH CARE” to
ensure careful handling.
6. Retain copies of all shipping papers.
Chapter 8 355
356 Chapter 8
9 Assembly Descriptions and Block
Diagrams
This chapter describes the operation of the 8590 E-Series and L-Series
spectrum analyzers, 8591C cable TV analyzers and 8594Q QAM
analyzers that is useful when first troubleshooting an analyzer failure.
357
Assembly Descriptions and Block Diagrams

Component-level information for the 8590 E-Series and L-Series
spectrum analyzers, 8591C cable TV analyzers, and 8594Q QAM
analyzers is provided in the 8590 Series Analyzers Component-Level
Repair Service Guide. Refer to Chapter 12 for a list of available
analyzers, and 8594Q QAM analyzers are microprocessor-controlled
swept receivers covering the following frequency ranges. The overall
description briefly describes each of the major analyzer assemblies.
Analyzer, and 8594Q QAM Analyzer Frequency Ranges
Analyzer Model Frequency Range
8591C 1 MHz to 1.8 GHz
8592L 9 kHz to 22.0 GHz
8593E 9 kHz to 22.0 GHz

8594Q 9 kHz to 2.9 GHz
8596E 9 kHz to 12.8 GHz
358 Chapter 9
RF and LO Section for 8590L, 8591E, and 8591C Spectrum Analyzers
RF and LO Section for 8590L, 8591E, and

8591C Spectrum Analyzers
This section describes the operation of the A3 front-end assembly and
the A25 counterlock assembly for the 8590L and 8591E spectrum
analyzers and 8591C cable TV analyzers. The related operation of the
A7 analog interface assembly and the A9 Third Converter are also
described. Each block of text describes an analyzer assembly designated
by its reference designator. For details about the operation of the
8590L, 8591C, and 8591E RF section, refer to Figure 9-2, located at the
end of this chapter.
The RF front-end section uses triple conversion to convert RF signals to
the final 21.4 MHz IF frequency.
J1 Input Connector
The analyzer RF section receives input signals via a 50 Ω input, or 75 Ω
input. To protect the attenuator and input mixer from damage, refer to
“Analyzer Input Protection” in Chapter 1 for maximum input level
requirements.
A3 Input Attenuator
The A3 input attenuator has a 0 to 60 dB range that provides input
attenuation in 10 dB steps. Pressing PRESET or analyzer power-on
selects 10 dB attenuation. If POWERON LAST is selected, the analyzer is
reset to the settings in use when the analyzer was turned off.
A4 First Converter
The A4 first converter assembly converts incoming signals to a
2.1214 GHz first IF by mixing the 2.1214 GHz to 3.9214 GHz LO signal
from the A6 YTO assembly with the input signal. The first IF signal is
the summed signal from the mixing process. For analyzers that are not
equipped with a tracking generator, Option 010 or Option 011, the J4
output for the tracking generator is terminated.
FL1 Low-Pass Filter and AT1 Isolator

The first IF signal is routed through FL1, a 4.9 GHz low-pass filter, and
the AT1 isolator. The devices limit unwanted mixing products and
isolate the A4 first converter from the A5 second converter.
Chapter 9 359
A5 Second Converter
The 2.1214 GHz first IF signal is downconverted by the A5 second
converter to a 321.4 MHz second IF. This is accomplished by mixing the
first IF signal with the 1.8 GHz second LO signal. The second LO signal
is produced by multiplying the 600 MHz signal from the A9 Third
Converter by three.
The 2.1212 GHz bandpass filter is a high Q filter that eliminates
unwanted mixing products. Its performance is due to the resonant
characteristics of three precisely machined cavities in an aluminum
block.
The 321.4 MHz matching filter is an adjustable bandpass filter that
prevents unwanted mixing products from passing on to the A9 third
converter.
A9 Third Converter
The A9 third converter performs five functions:
1. Produces the 300 MHz CAL OUT signal. The CAL OUT signal is rich
in harmonics; these are required for the CAL FREQ self-calibration
routine.
2. Provides the 600 MHz reference to the multiplier on the A5 second
converter assembly.
3. Sends a 300 MHz signal to the A25 counterlock assembly. The A25
assembly locks the 300 MHz signal to the 10 MHz frequency
reference. Note that this step applies to all 8591C, 8591E and 8590L
analyzers.
4. Converts the 321.4 MHz IF signal to the final 21.4 MHz IF signal.
• The 321.4 MHz IF signal is first amplified and filtered by the
321.4 MHz bandpass filter.
• The 600 MHz reference is divided to produce the 300 MHz third
LO.
• The filtered 321.4 MHz IF signal and the 300 MHz third LO mix
at the third mixer, a double-balanced mixer, to produce the
21.4 MHz IF.
• The 21.4 MHz IF passes through a 21.4 MHz bandpass filter, a
buffer amplifier with a nominal 19 dB of gain, and a variable IF
calibration amplifier. The variable amplifier has a gain range of
−15 to +2 dB.
360 Chapter 9
5. Changes the amplitude of the 21.4 MHz IF signal to calibrate the

analyzer during the CAL AMPTD self-calibration routine.
• The amplitude of the detected 21.4 MHz IF signal is measured on
the A16 processor/video assembly.
• The A7 analog interface assembly adjusts the gain of the IF
calibration amplifier based on the A16 amplitude measurement.
• The CAL AMPTD adjustment routine adjusts the output of the A9
IF calibration amplifier for a displayed amplitude of −20 dBm at
300 MHz. The analyzer is set for a reference level of −20 dBm and
a center frequency of 300 MHz. (The calibration routine uses the
CAL OUT signal.)
10 MHz Frequency Reference

Note that this section applies to all 8591C, 8591E, and 8590L
analyzers.
The 10 MHz frequency reference is used to phase-lock the 600 MHz
oscillator on the A9 third converter. There are two frequency references
available:
• The standard 10 MHz room temperature crystal oscillator (RTXO).
• The precision frequency reference (PFR), A22, is a 10 MHz
oven-controlled crystal oscillator (OCXO).
A25 Counterlock
The A25 counterlock assembly performs four main functions:
• Phase-locks the 600 MHz SAW oscillator on the A9 third converter to
the 10 MHz reference.
• Counts the first LO frequency.
• Provides discriminator output, DISCRIM, to the A7 analog interface
assembly.
• Counts the 21.4 MHz IF.
Refer to Figure 9-5, at the end of this chapter for details about the
operation of the A25 counterlock assembly.
On the A9 third converter, the output of the 600 MHz oscillator is
divided by two and the resulting 300 MHz signal is routed to the A25
counterlock assembly. The A25 counterlock assembly divides the
300 MHz signal by 40 to generate a 7.5 MHz reference for the sampling
oscillator, stabilizer, and frequency counter. The 7.5 MHz reference and
the 10 MHz reference are divided further and compared in a
phase-frequency detector. The output of the phase-frequency detector,
VTO_TUNE, is fed back to A9 to tune the 600 MHz oscillator.
Chapter 9 361
The sampling oscillator provides a 279 to 298 MHz driving signal to the
A25A1 sampler. The first LO signal is also applied to A25A1 sampler.
The first LO signal is mixed with a harmonic of the sampling oscillator
signal to generate the sampler IF. This IF is divided by 10 and fed to
one input of the frequency counter. The equation used to produce the
first LO frequency is:
Ist LO Frequency =N x F SO + Sampler IF
N represents the harmonic of the sampling oscillator.
FSO represents the sampling oscillator frequency.

Sampler IF represents the counted sampler IF (may be negative).
The stabilizer mixes the divided sampler IF (nominally 8.25 MHz) with
the 7.5 MHz, and feeds the difference signal into the discriminator. The
discriminator output, DISCRIM, is fed back to the A7 analog interface
assembly to tune the A3A7 YTO precisely to the center frequency.
When the frequency count marker is active, the analyzer pauses at the
marked frequency and counts the first LO as described previously. The
21.4 MHz IF is then divided by four, to a nominal value of 5.35 MHz, fed
to another frequency counter input, and counted. With the second LO,
the third LO, the counted first LO, and the counted final IF all
referenced to the 10 MHz reference, the actual input signal frequency is
calculated.
A25A1 Sampler
The A25A1 sampler mixes the first LO with a harmonic of the sampling
oscillator to produce the 76 MHz to 89 MHz sampler IF output. In the
phase-locking process, the sampler IF is counted and the YTO tune
DACs on the A7 analog interface assembly are adjusted until the actual
sampler IF frequency is equal to the desired sampler IF. In YTO spans
of 10 MHz or less, the sampler IF is also applied to a discriminator. The
output of the discriminator (DISCRIM) fine-tunes the YTO precisely to
the center frequency.
362 Chapter 9
A6 YIG Tuned Oscillator (YTO)

The A6 YTO contains a YIG (yttrium-iron-garnet) which is a
ferro-magnetic material polished into a small sphere and precisely
oriented in a magnetic field. The A7 analog interface assembly provides
the control current that alters the magnetic field to generate the
required YTO frequency.
The YTO provides the 2.1214 GHz to 3.9214 GHz first LO. The YTO
output is sent to a power splitter in the A4 first converter assembly. The
power splitter routes the first LO signal to the first mixer and the
A25A1 sampler.
A7 Analog Interface
The A7 analog interface assembly receives digital control input on the
I/O bus control lines from the A16 processor/video assembly, and
produces analog control signals for most of the analyzer functions. This
section describes several of the control functions illustrated on
Figure 9-1.
The A7 analog interface assembly provides control voltages for the
Sweep Generator and Span Dividers:
• The SWEEP RAMP output is 0 to +10 V.
• The RAMP output is −10 V to +10 V for any span.
• Two SPAN signals, MAIN SPAN and FM SPAN, are generated by
attenuating the RAMP signal. The MAIN SPAN and FM SPAN
signals are fed to the YTO drivers to sweep the YTO frequency. The
amplitude of the SPAN signals depends on the span setting selected.
If the LO span is greater than 10 MHz, then the MAIN SPAN
signal is used.
If the LO span is less than or equal to 10 MHz, then the FM
SPAN signal is used.
Chapter 9 363
The A7 analog interface assembly controls the center frequency of the

YTO:
• The YTO tune DACs in the A7 YTO driver circuitry determine the
center frequency of the YTO.
• For LO spans greater than 10 MHz, the MAIN SPAN signal is
summed with the output of the YTO tune DAC in the YTO main coil
driver.
• For LO spans less than or equal to 10 MHz, the FM SPAN signal is
summed with the A25 DISCRIM signal in the FM coil driver. The
DISCRIM signal is used to lock the YTO precisely to the center
frequency.
• The control voltages produced using either SPAN signal are then
converted to currents that drive the A6 YTO.
364 Chapter 9
RF and LO Section for 8592L, 8593E, 8594E, 8594L, 8594Q, 8595E, and 8596E Analyzers
RF and LO Section
for 8592L, 8593E, 8594E, 8594L, 8594Q,
8595E, and 8596E Analyzers
The 8592L, 8593E, 8594E, 8594L, 8594Q, 8595E, and 8596E analyzer
RF and LO section includes the following assemblies:
• A3A1 comb generator (except 8595E)
• A3A2 RF switch (8592L and 8593E only)
• A3A3 2.9 GHz LPF
• A3A4 second converter
• A3A5 input attenuator
• A3A6 dual-band mixer (low-band mixer for 8594E, 8594L, and
8594Q)
• A3A8 YTF (YIG-tuned Filter) (except 8594E, 8594L, and 8594Q)
• A3A8 SYTF (Switched YIG-tuned filter) (8595E and 8596E only)
• A3A9 321.4 MHz low-pass filter
• A3A11 step recovery diode
• A3A12 3 dB pad
• A3A15 tracking generator (Option 010)
• A7 analog interface
• A9 third converter
• FL1 3.9214 GHz low-pass filter
For details about the operation of the 8592L, 8593E, 8594E,
8594L, 8594Q, 8595E, and 8596E, RF section, refer to
Figure 9-3 and Figure 9-4, located in the back of this chapter.
The RF section converts all input signals to a fixed 21.4 MHz IF. The
microcircuits in the RF section are controlled by signals from the A7
analog interface assembly. The A7 analog interface assembly also
includes circuitry for controlling the LO and IF sections.
Five frequency bands cover the 8592L, 8593E, 8594E, 8594L, 8594Q,
8595E, and 8596E spectrum analyzers input range.
Chapter 9 365
Band Frequency Analyzer

Range Model
0 9 kHz to 2.9 GHz 8592L, 93E, 94E, 94L, 94Q,

95E, 96E
1 2.75 to 6.5 GHz 8592L, 93E, 95E, 96E
2 6.0 to 12.8 GHz 8592L, 93E, 96E
3 12.4 to 19.4 GHz 8592L, 93E
4 19.1 to 22 8592L, 93E

(except Option 026 and 027)
5 19.1 to 26.5 8592L, 93E

(Option 026 and 027)
Band 0 (low band) uses triple conversion to produce the final 21.4 MHz
IF. The A3A6 dual band mixer up-converts the RF input to a
3.9214 GHz first IF. The A3A4 second converter down-converts the
3.9214 GHz first IF to a 321.4 MHz second IF. The A9 third converter
down-converts the second IF to the final 21.4 MHz IF.
Bands 1 through 4 (high bands) use double conversion. The A3A6
dual-band mixer down-converts the RF input to a 321.4 MHz first IF.
Although this first IF passes through the A3A4 second converter, it
bypasses the second mixer. The second and final conversion occurs in
the A9 third converter where the first IF is down-converted to produce
the final 21.4 MHz IF.
LO Section for the 8593E, 8594E, 8594L, 8594Q,

8595E, and 8596E Analyzers
The LO Section includes the following assemblies:
• A3A7 YTO (YIG-Tuned Oscillator)
• A3A10 directional coupler
• A3A13 isolator
• A7 analog interface
• A9 third converter
• A22 precision frequency reference
• A25 counterlock (not available for the 8592L)
• AT1 10 dB pad
Refer to Figure 9-5 at the end of this chapter for details about the
operation of the LO section.
366 Chapter 9
The LO section provides a 3.0 to 6.8214 GHz first LO, a 600 MHz
second LO, a 300 MHz third LO, a 300 MHz CAL OUT signal, and an IF
frequency counter. The counter and the local oscillators use one of two
10 MHz frequency references: the standard room temperature crystal
oscillator (RTXO) or the A22 precision frequency reference,
oven-controlled crystal oscillator (OCXO).
The 10 MHz reference phase-locks the 600 MHz oscillator on the A9
third converter. The 600 MHz signal drives the second converter and is
divided to produce the 300 MHz third LO and CAL OUT signals. A
300 MHz signal that is sent to the A25 counterlock assembly is divided
down further to produce a 7.5 MHz reference signal. This 7.5 MHz
reference is used by the stabilizer, the sampling oscillator, and
frequency counter. The phase-frequency detector is located on the A25
counterlock assembly.
The first LO output of the A3A7 YTO is fed through the A3A13 isolator
to the A3A10 directional coupler. The main output of the coupler is sent
to the A3A6 dual-band mixer (low-band mixer for the 8594E and
8594Q). The coupled output is fed through the AT1 10 dB pad to the
A25A1 sampler. The sampler mixes the first LO with a harmonic of the
sampling oscillator to generate a 60 to 100 MHz sampler IF. This value
is then divided by 10, producing a 6 to 10 MHz output.
During retrace, the YTO is locked to the selected first LO frequency.
The divided sampler IF is then counted in the frequency counter. The
YTO tune DACs on the A7 analog interface assembly are adjusted until
the counted frequency is equal to the desired frequency. In LO spans
less than or equal to 10 MHz, the divided sampler IF is also fed to a
stabilizer, which generates the DISCRIM (discriminator) signal.
DISCRIM tunes the YTO precisely to the desired first LO frequency.
When a trigger signal occurs, a sweep ramp is applied to the main coil
drivers while in LO spans greater than 10 MHz, or to the FM coil
drivers while in LO spans less than or equal to 10 MHz. During a main
coil sweep, the sampling oscillator is disconnected from the A25A1
sampler.
In frequency count mode, the first LO sweeps up to the marked signal
and pauses. The divided sampler IF is counted to calculate the actual
first LO frequency. Then the prescaled 21.4 MHz IF, nominally
5.35 MHz, is counted and the actual input frequency calculated.
Chapter 9 367
A9 Third Converter Assembly

The A9 Third Converter performs the following functions:
• Down-converts the 321.4 MHz IF to the final 21.4 MHz IF.
• Generates the 300 MHz third LO.
• Provides variable gain from the calibrator amplifier that adjusts the
amplitude of the 21.4 MHz IF during the analyzer CAL AMPTD
self-calibration routine.
• Generates the 600 MHz second LO drive signal for the A3A4 second
converter assembly and for the tracking generator (Option 010).
• Generates the 300 MHz CAL OUT signal at −20 dBm.
• Provides a buffered 300 MHz to drive the external reference PLL
circuitry on the A25 counterlock assembly.
Refer to Foldout 11-6 at the end of this chapter for details about the
operation of the A9 third converter assembly.
Refer to “Troubleshooting the A15 Motherboard Assembly” in
Chapter 5 when tracing control signals for the A9 third converter
assembly.
The output of the 600 MHz surface acoustical wave (SAW) oscillator is
buffered, providing the second LO signal to the A3A4 second converter.
This signal is further buffered, divided by two, and buffered again to
produce three 300 MHz outputs. A second 600 MHz output drive signal
is available for the tracking generator (Option 010).
The amplitude of the 300 MHz signal from the calibrator amplifier is
adjusted to provide the −20 dBm output for the 300 MHz CAL OUT
signal. This amplifier produces rich harmonics that are used in the
analyzer self-calibration routines.
The 300 MHz signal sent to the 300 MHz Buffer produces the other two
300 MHz outputs:
• The 300 MHz third LO sent to the mixer/filter.
• The 300 MHz feedback signal sent to the A25 counterlock assembly
by the counterlock buffer. This signal is divided down and compared
to the 10 MHz reference in a phase/frequency detector on the A25
counterlock assembly. The output of the phase/frequency detector,
VTO_TUNE, is fed back to the 600 MHz SAW Oscillator to increase
its frequency stability.
The 321.4 MHz second IF signal from the A3A4 second converter is
amplified and bandpass-filtered on the A9 third converter assembly.
This signal is mixed with the 300 MHz third LO to produce the
21.4 MHz difference signal that is then bandpass-filtered and buffered.
368 Chapter 9
The buffered 21.4 MHz IF signal is amplified in the IF calibration

amplifier (IF Cal Amp). The gain of the calibration amplifier is
controlled by a DAC on the A7 analog interface assembly via the
REF_LVL_CAL control line. During the CAL AMPTD routine, the gain of
the calibration amplifier is adjusted so that the reference level at
top-screen is calibrated. The amplitude reference for the routine is
provided by the −20 dBm CAL OUT signal with 10 dB of input
attenuation in band 0. Refer to “IF Power-Level Measurement” in
Chapter 5 for more information about the 21.4 MHz output from the
A9 third converter assembly.
A25 Counterlock Assembly

The A25 counterlock assembly performs four main functions:
• Phase-locks the 600 MHz SAW oscillator on the A9 third converter to
the 10 MHz reference.
• Counts the first LO frequency.
• Provides discriminator output, DISCRIM, to the A7 analog interface
assembly.
• Counts the 21.4 MHz IF.
Refer to Figure 9-5, at the end of this chapter for details about the
operation of the A25 counterlock assembly.
On the A9 third converter, the output of the 600 MHz oscillator is
divided by two and the resulting 300 MHz signal is routed to the A25
counterlock assembly. The A25 counterlock assembly divides the
300 MHz signal by 40 to generate a 7.5 MHz reference for the sampling
oscillator, stabilizer, and frequency counter. The 7.5 MHz reference and
the 10 MHz reference are divided further and compared in a
phase-frequency detector. The output of the phase-frequency detector,
VTO_TUNE, is fed back to A9 to tune the 600 MHz oscillator.
The sampling oscillator provides a 279 to 298 MHz driving signal to the
A25A1 sampler. The first LO signal is also applied to A25A1 sampler.
The first LO signal is mixed with a harmonic of the sampling oscillator
signal to generate the sampler IF. This IF is divided by 10 and fed to
one input of the frequency counter. The equation used to produce the
first LO frequency is:
Ist LO Frequency =N x F SO + Sampler IF

N represents the harmonic of the sampling oscillator.
FSO represents the sampling oscillator frequency.

Sampler IF represents the counted sampler IF (may be negative).
Chapter 9 369
The stabilizer mixes the divided sampler IF (nominally 8.25 MHz) with
the 7.5 MHz, and feeds the difference signal into the discriminator. The
discriminator output, DISCRIM, is fed back to the A7 analog interface
assembly to tune the A3A7 YTO precisely to the center frequency.
When the frequency count marker is active, the analyzer pauses at the
marked frequency and counts the first LO as described previously. The
21.4 MHz IF is then divided by four, to a nominal value of 5.35 MHz, fed
to another frequency counter input, and counted. With the second LO,
the third LO, the counted first LO, and the counted final IF all
referenced to the 10 MHz reference, the actual input signal frequency is
calculated.
A3A14 First LO Distribution Amplifier (LODA) for

Option 009 or 010
The A3A14 first LO distribution amplifier, (LODA), amplifies and levels
the first LO signal from the A3A7 YTO and distributes it to the A25A1
sampler (through attenuator AT1), A3A8 dual band mixer, and A3A15
tracking generator. The leveling control circuitry is on the A10 tracking
generator control assembly.
The LODA consists of a PIN diode attenuator, an amplifier, three
directional couplers, a buffer amplifier, and a detector. Refer to Foldouts
11-2 and 11-3. All three directional couplers are connected in series.
The main line of the directional couplers is the output to the A3A15
tracking generator assembly. The directional coupler outputs feed the
A3A6 dual-band mixer, the detector, and the buffer amplifier for driving
the A25A1 sampler.
The detector output is fed to the A10 tracking generator control
assembly. Here it is fed into a loop integrator. The reference voltage for
the loop integrator is adjustable and determines the output power of
the LODA. The gate bias adjustment is also on A10. Note that the
LODA drive circuit common is connected only to the A3A14 LODA itself
and not to any other grounds on A10.
Refer to Figure 9-5, for details about the operation of the A3A14
assembly.
A3A15 Tracking Generator for Option 010

The A3A15 tracking generator assembly consists of several smaller
circuits. The A3A15 tracking generator assembly is not
component-level repairable; a rebuilt exchange assembly is available.
The tracking generator recreates only one of the analyzer intermediate
frequencies. This minimizes isolation problems associated with a
built-in tracking generator. Each of the blocks of the A3A15 tracking
generator assembly is described below.
370 Chapter 9
Tracking Oscillator
The tracking oscillator enables the fine adjustment of the tracking
generator output frequency to compensate for the frequency
inaccuracies of the analyzer 21.4 MHz IF. The tracking oscillator
determines the residual FM and frequency drift of the tracking
generator. The 184.28 MHz output frequency is obtained by doubling
the output of a crystal oscillator operating at 92.14 MHz.
Upconverter
The upconverter mixes the tracking oscillator output with the buffered
600 MHz reference from the A9 third converter assembly. The
upconverter also contains a filter to pass only the 784.28 MHz upper
sideband.
Pentupler
The pentupler multiplies the 784.28 MHz signal by five to generate
3.9214 GHz, the analyzer first IF in low band. A dual cavity bandpass
filter centered at 3.9214 GHz eliminates all unwanted multiples of
784.28 MHz.
Modulator
The output of the pentupler is passed through a modulator to adjust the
power level into the output mixer. The modulator is controlled by an
ALC circuit on the bias board, which is fed by a detector in the output
amplifier. If the detected output power is too high, the ALC will drive
the modulator to decrease the input level into the output mixer,
resulting in a decrease in output power.
Coupler
The first LO signal from the A3A14 first LO distribution amplifier
assembly is coupled off, then buffered to drive the output mixer. The
main line of the coupler is fed to the LO OUTPUT connector on the rear
panel. The loss through the coupler main line is less than 2.5 dB.
Output Mixer
The 3.9214 GHz signal from the modulator is fed into the RF port of the
output mixer. The LO port of the output mixer is driven by the buffered
first LO signal from the coupler. The output of the mixer is then
amplified.
Chapter 9 371
Output Amplifier
The output amplifier filters the signal emerging from the output mixer
and then amplifies it into a usable range. The amplifier also contains a
detector for leveling the output.
Bias Board
The bias board contains the ALC circuitry for the tracking generator
and distributes dc power from the A10 tracking generator control
assembly to the rest of the tracking generator. The ALC inputs come
from the A10 tracking generator control assembly (for controlling the
power level), the EXT ALC INPUT line, and the detector in the output
amplifier. The ALC loop drives the modulator.
372 Chapter 9
IF Section
IF Section
This section applies to all 8590 E-Series and L-Series spectrum
analyzers, 8591C cable TV analyzers, and 8594Q QAM analyzers, and
describes the operation of the IF section assemblies and the A16
processor/video assembly. The related operation of the A7 analog
interface assembly and the A8 Power Supply are also described. Figure
9-1 illustrates the assembly descriptions in this section.
The A15 motherboard pin designation of related assemblies along the
IF signal path are detailed on Figure 9-1. Refer to Chapter 5 for more
information about the connection of analyzer assemblies to the
motherboard.
A11 Bandwidth Filter

The A11 bandwidth filter assembly contains two synchronously tuned
LC filter poles and two synchronously tuned crystal filter poles. Buffer
amplifiers provide isolation for each filter pole.
Eight IF bandwidths, from 1 kHz to 3 MHz, can be selected in a 1, 3, 10
sequence. The desired IF passband, or resolution bandwidth, is
produced by either a four-pole LC bandpass filter or a four-pole crystal
bandpass filter. The A13 bandwidth filter assembly is identical to the
A11 assembly and provides two of the four filter poles. The LC
bandpass filters provide the 100 kHz to 3 MHz bandwidths, and the
crystal bandpass filters provide the 1 kHz to 30 kHz bandwidths.
When a bandwidth is selected, the A7 analog interface assembly
interprets the A16 processor/video assembly commands and produces
the corresponding bandwidth control currents. The A7 assembly
produces a bias voltage (BW5) to select LC or crystal mode, and a
bandwidth control current for either the LC filters (BW7) or the crystal
filters (BW6).
Bandwidth errors are corrected by the CAL AMPTD self-calibration
routine. Refer to Chapter 13 for a description of CAL AMPTD.
The resolution bandwidths are normally coupled to the frequency span
of the analyzer for an optimum ratio of span to resolution bandwidth.
Sweep time is also coupled to both resolution bandwidth and span for
optimum amplitude response. The resolution bandwidth, sweep time,
and span can be set independently.
Chapter 9 373
IF Section
A12 Amplitude Control

The A12 amplitude control assembly provides gain or attenuation in
eight stages: three step-gain amplifiers and five step attenuators. All
stages, except the 10 dB step gain, provide full gain or attenuation
when turned on and unity gain when turned off. The 10 dB step gain
has a gain of 15 dB when on and a gain of 5 dB when off.
When the reference level is changed, the A7 analog interface assembly
interprets the A16 processor/video assembly commands and produces
the appropriate combination of gain and attenuation control voltages in
1 dB increments. Reference-level resolution of less than 1 dB is
produced by mathematically offsetting the digitized video signal on the
A16 processor/video assembly.
A12 step-gain errors are corrected by correction factors produced by the
CAL AMPTD self-calibration routine. Each correction factor is an offset
of the digitized video signal and is stored in nonvolatile memory on the
A16 assembly.
A12 step-attenuator errors are corrected by correction constants that
are characterized values initially installed at the factory. The corrected
calibration attenuators provide the amplitude reference used by CAL
AMPTD self-calibration routine.
A13 Bandwidth Filter

The A13 bandwidth filter assembly is identical to the A11 assembly.
Refer to the A11 assembly description in this section.
After leaving the A13 assembly, the 21.4 MHz IF signal branches on the
A15 motherboard:
• One branch passes directly to the A14 log amplifier assembly.
• A buffer amplifier on the A15 motherboard attenuates the IF signal
by 20 dB and distributes it to the card-cage assemblies (AUX_IF),
the rear panel AUX IF OUTPUT connector (AUX_IF_BP), and the
A25 counterlock assembly (COUNT_IF). The COUNT_IF signal is
used by the A25 assembly to count the actual IF frequency when
MKR CNT ON is selected.
• Another buffer amplifier on the A15 assembly sends the IF signal

(AUX_IF) to assemblies installed in the card cage.
374 Chapter 9
IF Section
A14 Log Amplifier

The A14 log amplifier assembly provides the following functions:
• Log Mode. The input signal is logarithmically displayed due to the
sequential response of seven log amplifier stages.
❏ The log amplifier stages have an overall range of 70 dB. This
allows a greater range of signal amplitudes to be simultaneously
displayed.
❏ All seven amplifier stages are at maximum gain for low input
signal levels.
❏ As the signal level increases, the gain of the each 10 dB amplifier
is reduced in sequence, with the last stage dropping to unity gain
first.
❏ The vertical display axis is calibrated in dBm (relative to a
milliwatt) rather than volts.
• Linear Mode. The seven log amplifier stages are biased to operate as
linear amplifiers. Linear gains from 0 dB to 40 dB can be selected.
• The Video Detector. The detector is a half-wave rectifier and filter.
The video signal (VIDEO_IF) has a 0 to 2 volt output that is
proportional to the signal level.
• T/C Supply. A temperature-compensated −8 V reference supply
(−8 VT).
❏ Maintains amplitude stability of the log stages over temperature.
❏ Maintains linear step-gain accuracy by providing a stable voltage
source for the linear step-gain control lines that originate on the
A7 assembly.
A16 Processor/Video and A16A1 Memory Boards

The A16 assembly coordinates the operation of all analyzer assemblies
to perform all analyzer functions. This section briefly describes the
major analyzer functions provided directly by the A16 processor/video
assembly.
• Selection of the input signal for the ADC. The input MUX selects one
of the following:
❏ An analog signal from assemblies installed in the card cage.
❏ The detected 21.4 MHz IF signal (VIDEO_IF).
❏ A +2 V reference used for ADC calibration of the graticule at top
screen.
❏ An analog ground (ACOM) reference used for ADC calibration of
graticule at bottom screen.
Chapter 9 375
IF Section
• Final processing of the detected 21.4 MHz IF signal before the video
signal is converted by the ADC for further digital processing by the
central processing unit (CPU).
❏ Video bandwidths from 30 Hz to 3 MHz are available in a 1, 3, 10
sequence.
❏ The ADC input MUX selects the positive-peak detector, or
bypasses the positive-peak detector, and selects the sample
detector. In sample mode, the video signal passes directly to the
ADC from the video bandwidth circuitry.
❏ The MUX can also select the processed video signal from an
assembly in the card cage.
• Mathematical offset of the digitized video signal for greater
reference-level resolution and analyzer calibration accuracy.
• Digital control of analyzer assemblies directly over the IO bus.
• Analog control of analyzer assemblies via the A7 analog interface
assembly.
• Nonvolatile RAM memory-storage of DLP software, analyzer
calibration data, and error correction data. Refer to Chapter 13 for
more information about analyzer calibration and error correction.
• Processing and integration of trace and text information for output
to the A2 display assembly. The digitized video signal is merged by
the CPU with other trace information. The trace information is then
combined with text information for input to the display drive
circuitry.
• Generation of the A2 display drive signals. The digital display input
is converted back into analog voltages by the A16 display
drive-circuitry and sent to the A2 assembly. The display signal is
also sent to MONITOR OUTPUT on the rear panel.
376 Chapter 9
IF Section
A7 Analog Interface
The A7 analog interface assembly converts the digital commands from
the A16 assembly to analog control signals for the following assemblies
shown on Figure 9-1:
• DAC control of the A11/A13 bandwidth filter assemblies. Refer to
“Replacing Major Assemblies” in Chapter 7 for more information
about bandwidth switching.
❏ LC to crystal mode switching. BW5 controls switching between
crystal and LC bandwidth filter modes.
❏ Bandwidth control. The A7 bandwidth control DACs supply two
control lines to drive the PIN diodes on the A11 and A13
assemblies. Companding DACs are used because their nonlinear
output compensates for the nonlinear resistance-versus-current
of the PIN diodes they control.
• BW6 control line. Controls the crystal bandwidths from
30 kHz to 1 kHz. More DAC current produces a narrower
bandwidth in crystal mode.
• BW7 control line. Controls the LC bandwidths from 5 MHz to
100 kHz. In LC mode, more DAC current produces a wider
bandwidth.
Bandwidth error is corrected by the CAL AMPTD
self-calibration routine. Refer to Chapter 13 for a description
of CAL AMPTD.
• A12 amplitude control assembly. When the reference level is
changed, the A7 assembly switches the calibration attenuators and
the step gains on the A12 assembly to change the displayed signal
position. Refer to “Replacing Major Assemblies” in Chapter 7 for
more information about switching for the calibration attenuator, the
step gains, and the log/linear switch.
❏ Calibration attenuators. A TTL high on selected A7 control lines
activates a combination of attenuator steps. The 1, 2, 4, and 8 dB
step attenuators are combined to provide attenuation in 1 dB
increments. Currently, the 16 dB attenuator is not used.
❏ 10 dB step gains. Temperature-compensated control voltages
activate a combination of the three A12 step-gain stages. Step
gains are produced in 10 dB increments over a 50 dB range. Step
gain errors are corrected by the CAL AMPTD self-calibration
routine. Refer to Chapter 13 for a description of CAL AMPTD.
Chapter 9 377
IF Section
• A14 log amplifier assembly. The A7 assembly controls two functions

on the A14 assembly:
❏ Log/linear mode switching. A temperature-compensated control
bias voltage switches the seven A14 amplifier stages to function
as either linear amplifiers or logging amplifiers.
❏ 10 dB linear step gains. In linear mode, three
temperature-compensated control lines bias four of the seven
linear amplifiers to provide step gains in 10 dB increments over a
40 dB range. Two amplifiers are switched by one control line to
provide the 20 dB step-gain stage.
Linear step gain errors are corrected by the CAL AMPTD
self-calibration routine. Refer to Chapter 13 for a description of
CAL AMPTD.
A8 Power Supply
The A8 Power Supply is a switching power supply that plugs into a
connector on the A15 motherboard. It is not repairable to the
component level.
When the line switch is on, it produces the low-power-on (LPWRON)
signal that activates the power supply. The power supply then provides
the following:
• +12 V for the B1 fan.
• The +5 V, +15 V, −15 V, and +12 V supply voltages.
• A line-trigger signal (LINE_TRIG) at the power-line frequency.
• The high-power-on (WRUP) signal used to coordinate the start-up of
the A16 assembly.
• +12 V for the A2 display.
• −24 V for the YTF on the 8592L and 8593E.
A130 Narrow Bandwidth

The narrow bandwidth assembly, Option 130, provides four
synchronously-tuned bandwidths of 10 Hz, 30 Hz, 100 Hz, and 300 Hz.
In addition, it also has a 200 Hz CISPR bandwidth. There are no
adjustments necessary on this assembly. All adjustments and
corrections are done automatically during the self-cal routine.
When the narrow bandwidths are selected, the analyzer re-routes the
IF signal through the narrow bandwidth assembly. The narrow
bandwidth assembly has a built-in step gain, log amplifier, and detector
which performs all the normal IF section duties. Therefore, the IF
specifications must be tested first in the wide bandwidth mode, then
repeated for the narrow bandwidth mode.
378 Chapter 9
IF Section
Refer to the “A130 Narrow Bandwidth Assembly” section of Foldout

11-1. The narrow bandwidth assembly is inserted into one of the four
card-cage slots. The narrow bandwidth assembly receives the 21.4 MHz
AUX_IF from the A15 motherboard. The AUX_IF signal is available to
all the card-cage assemblies. The 21.4 MHz signal is downconverted to
a 8.56 kHz IF. This low IF frequency was chosen to facilitate the
necessary Q for the bandwidth filters and to eliminate the need for
bulky crystal circuits.
The 8.56 kHz IF is buffered, put through two poles of active filtering,
then the signal goes through 0 to 40 dB of step gain. After the step gain,
there are two more active filter poles before the signal is put through a
detector. If the analyzer is in log mode the signal is amplified
logarithmically. Otherwise, the signal is amplified with linear circuits.
The detected video signal is then routed back to the A15 motherboard
as VIDEO_IF. This signal then goes to the A16 processor video
assembly and converted to digital.
Refer to the “A14 Log Amplifier/Detector” section of the IF/Control
block diagram. Note that jumper W1 must be removed when Option 130
is installed in the analyzer. The video signal takes a different path
when Option 130 is installed and bandwidths greater than 300 Hz
(wide bandwidths) are selected. After the signal is detected on the A14
log amplifier assembly, the video is routed to A14J2, DAISY CHAIN
VIDEO OUTPUT, then W130 sends the video signal to the A130 narrow
bandwidth assembly at A130J3. This video signal goes to the output
multiplexer located on the A130 narrow bandwidth assembly. In the
wide bandwidths, this signal is selected and is then routed to back to
the A15 motherboard as VIDEO_IF.
The A130 narrow bandwidth assembly also has a DAISY CHAIN
VIDEO OUTPUT (A130 J2). However, this output is not currently in
use.
Chapter 9 379
IF Section
380 Chapter 9
IF Section
382 Chapter 9
IF Section
384 Chapter 9
IF Section
386 Chapter 9
IF Section
388 Chapter 9
IF Section
390 Chapter 9
IF Section
392 Chapter 9
10 Analyzer Options and Block
Diagrams
393
Analyzer Options and Block Diagrams

Many options are available to enhance the 8590 E-Series and L-Series
analyzers. Option descriptions are listed numerically in this chapter,
and a table provides information on which options are available with
your analyzer. Troubleshooting information and block diagrams are
also included.
• Option Table
• Option Descriptions
• Troubleshooting
Tracking Generator, 8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and 8596E Option 010
First LO Distribution Amplifier (LODA), 8593E, 8594E, 8595E,
and 8596E Option 009
DVB-C, 8594Q QAM analyzer Option 190
• Block Diagrams
Figure 10-1. 8590L, 8591C, and 8591E Options 010 and 011
Tracking Generator
Figure 10-2. 8593E, 8594E, 8594L, 8595E, 8596E Option 010
Tracking Generator
Figure 10-3. 8590 E-Series and 8591 C-Series AM/FM Demod TV
Trigger
Figure 10-4. 8590 E-Series AM/FM Demod Quasi-Peak Detector
Figure 10-5. 8594Q Option 190 DVB-C QAM Analyzer Hardware
394 Chapter 10
Table 10-1 Option Table
Option
8594Q
8591C
8591E
8593E
8594E
8595E
8596E
8590L
8592L
8594L
001 75 Ohm Input • •
003 Memory Card Reader • • •
004 Precision Freq Reference • • •
009 LO/Sweep+Tune Out • •
010 Tracking Generator • • • •
011 TG/75 Ohm Output • • •
012 DECT Source • •
015 Soft Tan Carrying Case • •
016 Soft Yellow •

Operating/Carrying Case
041 IB and Parallel Interface • • • • • • • •
043 RS-232 and Parallel Interface • • • • • •
026 26.5 GHz/APC Conn • •
027 26.5 GHz/N Conn • •
040 Impact Cover • • • • • • •
042 Soft Carry Case • • • • • • • •
050 Improved Amplitude Accy • • • •
051 Improved Amplitude Accy • • • •
101 Fast ADC • • •
102 TV SYNC/AM-FM Demod • • •
103 Quasi-Peak Detector • • •
105 Gated Video • • •
107 TV Receiver/Video Tester • • • •
110 CT2 Demodulator • • •
111 Group Delay • •
112 DECT Demodulator • •
119 Noise Figure • • • •
130 Narrow Res Bandwidth • • • •
140 Narrow BW/Freq Ref • • •
Chapter 10 395
Table 10-1 Option Table (Continued)
Option
8594Q
8591C
8591E
8593E
8594E
8595E
8596E
8590L
8592L
8594L
151 Digital Demod • • •
161 NADC ROMs • • •
301 Fast ADC/TV SYNC/AM-FM • • •

Demod
E04 DIRTS •
H80 PAL Secam Disp • •
H81 NTSC TV Display • •
701 Delete ADC/TV Sync •
704 Delete Prec Freq Ref • •
711 50/75 Matching Pad • • • • • •
713 Delete Counter-Lock •
908 Rack Mount Without Handles • • • • • • • •
909 Rack Mount With Handles • • • • • • • •
910 Extra Manual • • • • • • • •
915 Service Guides • • • • • • • •
396 Chapter 10
Option Descriptions
Option Descriptions
75Ω Input Impedance (Option 001)

For 8590L and 8591E only. This option provides a 75Ω input impedance
instead of the standard 50Ω impedance. analyzers with this option use
cables, circuit boards, and front panels that are different from the
standard units.
Memory Card Reader (Option 003)

For 8590L, 8592L, and 8594L only. This option provides a memory card
reader to save and recall data from a memory card. Analyzers with this
option have an opening on the front panel to insert the memory card.
Option 003 includes a 32 KB memory card and a memory card holder.
The memory card reader is standard for the 8591E, 8593E, 8594E,
8595E, and 8596E.
Option 003 is also available as a retrofit kit (Option R03) after the
purchase of your analyzer, or as a kit part number 5062-6456.
Precision Frequency Reference (Option 004)

For 8591E, 8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and 8596E only. This option provides
increased absolute frequency-reference accuracy because the internal
oscillators are phase-locked to an internal precision-frequency
reference.
LO and Sweep+Tune Outputs on Rear Panel

(Option 009)
For 8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and 8596E only. Option 009 provides local
oscillator output and sweep + tune output at the rear panel for use with
external tracking sources such as 85644A and 85645A.
Tracking Generator (Option 010 and Option 011)

For 8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and 8596E only. Option 010 provides a 9 kHz
to 2.9 GHz built-in tracking generator. This source-receiver
combination makes insertion-loss, frequency response, and return-loss
measurements. The tracking generator has a wide distortion-free
dynamic range, plus good sensitivity and selectivity. Option 010 has the
standard 50Ω output impedance.
Chapter 10 397
Option Descriptions
8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and 8596E: Option 010 is also available, with
factory installation (Option K10) after the purchase of your analyzer.
For 8590L and 8591E only. Option 010 (100 kHz to 1.8 GHz) or 011
(1 MHz to 1.8 GHz) provides a built-in tracking generator.
Option 010 has the standard 50Ω output impedance. Option 011 has
75Ω output impedance.
8590L: Options 010 and 011 are also available as retrofit kits
(Option R10 or R11) after the purchase of your analyzer, or as kits part
number 5062-6463 and 5062-6479 respectively.
8591E: Options 010 and 011 are also available as retrofit kits
(Option R10 or R11) after the purchase of your analyzer, or as kits part
numbers 5062-6460 and 5062-6480 respectively.
Protective Tan Operating/Carrying Case with

Shoulder Strap (Option 015)
This option lowers the maximum ambient operating temperature
specification by 5 °C. It allows instrument operation while installed in
the case.
It is a soft nylon operating and carrying case with a shoulder strap and
a pouch for accessories. It includes a CRT viewing hood for operation in
direct sunlight. Option 015 can be used to provide additional protection
during travel.
Protective Yellow Operating/Carrying Case with

Shoulder Strap (Option 016)
This option lowers the maximum ambient operating temperature
specification by 5 °C. It allows instrument operation while installed in
the case.
It is a soft nylon operating and carrying case with a shoulder strap and
a pouch for accessories. It includes a CRT viewing hood for operation in
direct sunlight. Option 016 can be used to provide additional protection
during travel.
IB and Parallel Interface (Option 041)

Option 041 allows you to control your analyzer from a computer that
uses a Hewlett-Packard interface bus (IB). Such computers include the
9000 Series 300, and the Vectra PC. Option 041 includes a connector for
an external keyboard, an IB connector, a parallel interface connector for
printers, and the 8590 E-Series and L-Series Spectrum Analyzers, and
8591C Cable TV Analyzer Programmer's Guide.
398 Chapter 10
Option Descriptions
Option 041 allows the analyzer to copy its screen to a printer or plotter,
and includes a separate connector that accepts programming
commands from an external keyboard.
NOTE Option 041 can be converted to an Option 043 by ordering the RS-232
and parallel interface connector assembly
part number 08590-60369.
RS-232 and Parallel Interface (Option 043)

Option 043 allows you to control your analyzer from a computer that
uses an RS-232 interface bus. Such computers include the Vectra PC,
the IBM PC, the AT, and compatibles. It includes a connector for an
external keyboard, an RS-232 9-pin connector, a parallel interface
connector for printers, and the 8590 E-Series and L-Series Spectrum
Analyzers, and 8591C Cable TV Analyzer Programmer's Guide.
Option 043 allows the analyzer to copy its screen to a printer or plotter,
and includes a separate connector that accepts programming
commands from an external keyboard.
NOTE Option 043 can be converted to an Option 041 by ordering the IB and
parallel interface connector assembly part number 08590-60368.
Frequency Extension to 26.5 GHz with APC-3.5

Connector (Option 026)
For 8592L and 8593E only. The frequency range of the analyzer is
extended from 22 GHz to 26.5 GHz. Analyzers with this option use an
APC-3.5 connector on the RF INPUT, and circuit boards and front
panels that are different from the standard units.
Frequency Extension to 26.5 GHz with N-Type

Connector (Option 027)
For 8592L and 8593E only. The frequency range of the analyzer is
extended from 22 GHz to 26.5 GHz. Analyzers with this option use an
N-Type connector on the RF INPUT, and circuit boards and front panels
that are different from the standard units.
Chapter 10 399
Option Descriptions
NOTE The extended frequency specifications only apply when using the
Type-N to SMA adaptor that is supplied with the option.
Front Panel Protective Cover (Option 040)

The impact cover assembly snaps onto the front of your analyzer to
protect the front panel during travel and when the unit is not in use.
Option 040 is also available as a kit (Impact Cover Assembly,
part number 5062-4805).
Protective Soft Carrying Case/Back Pack

(Option 042)
A soft carrying case/backpack with a pouch for accessories. Option 042
can be used to provide additional protection during travel. (Cannot
operate instrument while installed in case.)
Improved Amplitude Accuracy for NADC bands

(Option 050)
For 8591E, 8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and 8596E only. Improved amplitude
accuracy for NADC. This is an amplitude calibration that improves
specifications to ±0.7dB at 20-30 °C for: NADC frequency bands 824 to
849 MHz and 869 to 894 MHz.
Option 050 is also available as a service center only retrofit kit
(Option R50) after the purchase of your analyzer.
Improved Amplitude Accuracy for PDC bands

(Option 051)
accuracy for the high and low frequency bands of PDC. This is an
amplitude calibration that improves specifications to ±0.5 dB at
20-30 °C for the PDC frequency bands in the 810 to 956 MHz and 1429
to 1501 MHz frequency ranges.
400 Chapter 10
Option Descriptions
Improved Amplitude Accuracy for PHS

(Option 052)
For 8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and 8596E only. Improved amplitude
accuracy for PHS. This is an amplitude calibration that improves
specifications to ±0.5 dB at 20-30 °C for the PHS frequency band in the
1895 to 1918 MHz frequency range.
Improved Amplitude Accuracy for CDMA

(Option 053)
accuracy for CDMA. This is an amplitude calibration that improves
specifications to ±0.6 dB at 20-30 °C for CDMA 824 to 849 MHz and 869
to 894 MHz frequency ranges.
Fast Time Domain Sweeps (Option 101)

For 8591E, 8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and 8596E only. Option 101 allows
sweep times down to 20 µs in zero span. In fast sweep times (sweep
times less than 20 ms), time domain sweeps are digitized. All trace
functions are available for these fast zero-span sweeps. Also see
Option 301 below.
Option 101 also adds the analog+ display mode and negative peak
detection to the analyzer. The analog+ display mode provides
traditional analog display operation combined with the advantages of
digital display features like markers, screen titles, and hard copy
output. The negative peak detector capability is useful for video
modulator balance adjustments and intermodulation distortion
measurements.
Chapter 10 401
Option Descriptions
AM/FM Demodulator with Speaker and TV Sync

Trigger Circuitry (Option 102)
For 8591E, 8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and 8596E only. Option 102 enables
you to use amplitude or frequency demodulation and to listen to a
demodulated signal. Option 102 also allows you to TV trigger on the
selected line of a TV video picture frame if both Option 101 and 102 are
installed. The sweep triggering works with interlaced or noninterlaced
displays for the NTSC, PAL, and SECAM formats. Also see Option 301
below.
Quasi-Peak Detector and AM/FM Demodulator

With Speaker (Option 103)
For 8591E, 8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and 8596E only. Option 103 enables
you to make automatic or manual quasi-peak measurements, to listen
to a demodulated signal, and to use amplitude or frequency
demodulation.
Option 103 is available as a kit, order 11946A.
Time-Gated Spectrum Analysis (Option 105)

For 8591E, 8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and 8596E only. Option 105 allows
you to selectively measure the spectrum of signals that may overlap in
the frequency domain, but be separated in the time domain. By
adjusting a time gate based on a user-supplied trigger signal, you can
significantly increase the diagnostic capability of your analyzer for
time-interleaved signals.
purchase of your analyzer, or as a kit 5062-8218.
Option 101 is recommended in addition to Option 105 since it
significantly decreases sweep time and therefore the resolution in the
time domain.
TV Receiver/Video Tester (Option 107)

Option 107 adds non-interfering RF and video measurement capability
to the 8591C cable TV analyzer.
402 Chapter 10
Option Descriptions
CT2 Demodulator (Option 110)

For 8591E, 8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and 8596E only. Option 110 provides
built-in demodulation capability for making CT2 transmitter
measurements. It must be used with the 85717A CT2-CAI
measurements personality to make frequency deviation measurements
on CT2 cordless telephone handsets and bases.
Group Delay and Amplitude Flatness (Option 111)

For 8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and 8596E only. Option 111 allows you to
make end-to-end and loop back measurements of group delay and
amplitude flatness. It must be used with 11770A Link Measurement
Personality and the Option 010, Tracking Generator. 11768A Group
Delay and Amplitude Flatness Retrofit Kit contains both the
Option 111 and the 11770A Link Measurement Personality. This kit is
factory retrofittable only.
DECT Demodulator (Option 112)

For 8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and 8596E only. This option provides built-in
demodulation capability for making DECT (Digital European Cordless
Telephone) measurements. It must be used with 85723A measurements
personality to make frequency and deviation measurements on DECT
handsets and base stations.
purchase of your analyzer.
Noise Figure (Option 119)

For 8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and 8596E only. This option along with the
85719A Noise-Figure Measurement Personality provide displayed
swept noise-figure and gain measurements from 10 MHz to 2.9 GHz.
Narrow Resolution Bandwidths (Option 130)

For 8591E, 8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and 8596E only. This option provides
additional narrow resolution bandwidths of 30 Hz, 100 Hz, and 300 Hz.
These bandwidths improve the analyzer sensitivity and allow you to
resolve closely spaced signals.
Chapter 10 403
Option Descriptions
Narrow Resolution Bandwidths and Precision

Frequency Reference (Option 140)
For 8591E, 8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and 8596E only. This option is a
combination of Option 130 and Option 004. Option 140 provides
additional narrow resolution bandwidths of 30 Hz, 100 Hz, and 300 Hz.
These bandwidths improve sensitivity and allow you to resolve closely
spaced signals. The option also includes an internal precision-frequency
reference that improves stability and provides increased absolute
frequency accuracy. The precision frequency reference makes the
narrow resolution bandwidths more effective and easier to use.
DSP, Fast ADC and Digital Demodulator

(Option 151)
For 8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and 8596E only. Option 151 supplies the
hardware required for fast time domain sweeps, digital demodulation
measurements, and digital signal processor-assisted (DSP)
measurements.
Option 151 provides a subset of Option 101 fast time domain functions.
Option 101 allows zero span sweep times as low as 20 µs with a step
resolution of 20 µs (20 µs, 40 µs, 60 µs, and so forth). Option 151 allows
zero span sweep times as low as 40 µs with a sequence of 40 µs, 80 µs,
160 µs, 320 µs, and 160 µs step size thereafter. All trace functions are
available for these fast zero-span sweeps.
Since the sweep times offered by Option 151 are a subset of those
offered by Option 101, the analog+ display mode is not supported for
Option 151.
Option 101 or Option 151 support negative peak detection for
an 8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and 8596E. The negative peak detector
capability is useful for video modulator balance adjustments and
intermodulation distortion measurements. Option 101 allows negative
peak detection with sweep times as high as 200 ms. Option 151 allows
negative peak detection with sweep times as high as 800 ms.
Option 151 requires the installation of Option 160 or 163.
PDC/PHS/NADC/CDMA Firmware for Option 151

(Option 160)
For 8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and 8596E with Option 151 only. Option 160
provides the digital signal processing (DSP) firmware ROMs necessary
to perform PDC, PHS, or NADC digital demodulation-based
measurements. It also includes DSP-assisted measurements for CDMA.
404 Chapter 10
Option Descriptions
Option 160 implements a coherent downconversion, and calculates the

minimum RMS error vector magnitude of a timeslot. Carrier frequency
error and I-Q origin offset are also extracted from sampled data.
Option 151 with Option 160 and the 85718B NADC-TDMA
measurements personality provide a complete NADC transmitter RF
measurement solution including modulation metrics.
Option 151 with Option 160 and the 85720C PDC measurements
personality provide a complete PDC transmitter RF measurement
solution including modulation metrics.
Option 151 with Option 160 and the 85725B CDMA measurements
personality provide a CDMA transmitter measurement solution with
fast DSP-assisted measurements.
Option 151 with Option 160 and the 85726B PHS measurements
personality provide a complete PHS transmitter RF measurement
solution including modulation metrics.
GSM/DCS1800 Firmware for Option 151

(Option 163)
For 8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and 8596E with Option 151 only. The option
provides Option 151 Digital Demodulator hardware with a firmware
algorithm that demodulates GSM and DCS1800 radio carriers in order
to make modulation quality measurements.
Option 163 is also available as a retrofit kit (Option R63) for analyzers
that already have Option 151 installed. For analyzers that do not have
Option 151 installed, a retrofit kit (Option R73) is available to provide
both options 151 and 163.
TV Picture Display (Option 180)

For 8591C, 8591E, 8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and
8596E only. Option 180 allows you to view an NTSC, PAL, or SECAM
television picture on the analyzer display.
DVB-C (Option 190)

For 8594Q only. Option 190 provides digital video capability to the
QAM analyzer for the European Digital Video Broadcast/Cable
(DVB-C) standard.
Chapter 10 405
Option Descriptions
TV Sync Trigger Capability/Fast Time-Domain

Sweeps and AM/FM Demodulator (Option 301)
For 8591E, 8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and 8596E only. Option 301 is a
combined option made of Options 101 and 102, allowing sweep times
down to 20 µs in zero span, enabling use of amplitude or frequency
demodulation, and allowing a demodulated signal to be listened to. See
Options 101 and 102 above for more detailed descriptions.
50Ω to 75Ω Matching Pad (Option 711)

For E-Series and L-Series spectrum analyzers. This option provides a
50Ω to 75Ω matching pad with dc block to be used on the analyzer
input. The pad has a frequency range of 1 MHz to 1.8 GHz. It adapts
your standard 50Ω analyzer to be compatible with a 75Ω system under
test.
Option 711 is also available as part number 0955-1020.
Reduced Frequency Accuracy (Option 713)

For 8590L only. Option 713 removes the built-in frequency counter from
your analyzer. This reduces the frequency accuracy of your
measurements.
Rack Mount Kit Without Handles (Option 908)

This option provides the parts necessary to mount the analyzer in an
System II cabinet or in a standard 19 inch (482.6 mm) equipment rack.
Option 908 is also available as a kit (part number 5062-4841).
Rack Mount Kit With Handles (Option 909)

Option 909 is the same as Option 908 but includes front handles for
added convenience.
Option 909 is also available as a kit (part number 5062-4840).
User's Guide and Calibration Guide (Option 910)

An additional copy of the 8590 E-Series and L-Series Spectrum
Analyzers User's Guide, the 8590 E-Series and L-Series Spectrum
Analyzers Quick Reference Guide, and the 8590 Series Analyzers
Calibration Guide of the appropriate model number for your analyzer,
are available as a set under Option 910.
406 Chapter 10
Option Descriptions
Service Documentation (Option 915)

Option 915 provides one copy of the assembly-level repair service guide
and one copy of the component-level repair service guide. The
assembly-level repair service guide describes assembly level
troubleshooting procedures and adjustment procedures. The
component-level repair service guide includes parts lists,
component-location diagrams, and schematic diagrams for selected
repairable assemblies. The manuals can be ordered separately.
Chapter 10 407
Troubleshooting Analyzer Options

This section provides information to aid in troubleshooting options
installed in the 8590 Series analyzers.
Tracking Generator 8590L, 8591C, and

8591E Option 010, 011
Refer to Figure 10-1, Tracking Generator Block Diagram, for an
overview of operation for the tracking generator and its connection to
the standard analyzer.
The signals present on the W33 wire harness at A7A1J7 are detailed in
Table 10-2 and on Figure 10-1.
Table 10-2 Tracking Generator Control Signals at A7A1J7
A7A1J7 W33 Mnemonic Signal Description
Connector Wire Color
Pin
1 Brown MOD_DRIVE Modulator drive voltage
2 No Connection
3 Orange D1 Drain voltage (−.5 to −2.0V)
4 Yellow G1 Gate 1 bias voltage (5.4 V)
(−0.5 to −2.0 V)
5 Green D2 Drain voltage (−.5 to −2.0V)
6 Blue G2 Gate 2 bias voltage (5.4 V)
(−0.5 to −2.0 V)
7 Violet ATN_30 Control for 30 dB attenuator step
8 Gray +15_X3 Switched +15 VF
9 White ATN_20 Control for 20 dB attenuator step
10 Black +15VF +15 VF for Amplifier/Detector
11 White/Brown ATN_10 Control for 10 dB attenuator step
12 White/Red +15 VF +15 VF for Attenuator
408 Chapter 10
The tracking generator bias voltages from A7A1 tracking generator

control board assembly to the A24A2 tracking converter are described
in the table below.
Table 10-3 Tracking Generator Bias Voltages from A7A1 to A24A2
Source Blue a Orange a Greena Yellowa Brown

Power
(dBm)
0 5.33 V −0.597 V −0.736 V 5.33 V −9.75 V
−10 5.33 V −0.597 V −0.736 V 5.33 V −9.75 V
−20 5.33 V −0.597 V −0.736 V 5.33 V −9.72 V
−30 5.33 V −0.597 V −0.736 V 5.33 V −2.88V
− 40 5.33 V −0.597 V −0.736 V 5.33 V −0.542 V
a. These bias voltages should remain constant even when the tracking
generator source power changes, as long as the ALC loop is level.
If the A24A3 amplifier/detector is suspect, you can perform some simple

checks using a DVM. Measure the +15 V line to ground using an
ohmmeter. You should measure approximately 200 Ω. Check the
detector diode using the diode checker on the DVM. Connect the black
lead to the center pin of the Video Output and the red lead ground. You
should measure approximately 3 kΩ. Connect the red lead to the center
pin of the Video Output and the black lead to ground. you should
measure approximately 15 kΩ. If this measures approximately 8 kΩ, the
detector diode inside is too leaky and will cause a failure.
Chapter 10 409
Tracking Generator 8593E, 8594E, 8595E, 8596E Option 010
Tracking Generator 8593E, 8594E, 8595E,

8596E Option 010
The following troubleshooting information is aimed at isolating
tracking-generator-related faults to either the A3A15 tracking
generator assembly or one of the other supporting assemblies, such as
A9, A10, or A3A14. The A3A15 tracking generator assembly is not
field-repairable; a rebuilt-exchange assembly is available.
If the output goes unlevelled (TG UNLVL message

displayed)
A window comparator on the A10 tracking generator control assembly
is used to monitor the control line ALC_MON (ALC Monitor) from the
A3A15 assembly. If ALC_MON is greater than +1.0 Vdc or less than
−0.10 Vdc, TG UNLVL will be displayed, indicating that the output of the
tracking generator (TG) is unlevelled. The tracking generator can
typically be set for +2.75 dBm output power and remain leveled. In any
case, the output should remain leveled for output power settings of
+1 dBm or less. It is normal for the tracking generator to be unlevelled
at frequencies below 300 kHz.The ALC_MON line is continuously
monitored during a sweep, but the TG UNLVL message will only be
displayed at the end of the sweep. For this reason, it is possible that the
output could be unlevelled during a portion of a sweep, and although
the output returns to a leveled condition by the end of the sweep,
TGUNLVL will be displayed at the end of the sweep.
If TG UNLVL is displayed, proceed as follows:
1. Check at which frequencies the output is unlevelled. Set the
analyzer to zero span and step the center frequency in 50 MHz
increments. Note at which frequencies the output is unlevelled.
2. Check at which power levels the output is unlevelled. Connect the
RF OUT 50Ω connector to the INPUT 50Ω connector. With the
analyzer in zero span, set CENTER FREQ to 300 MHz or one of the
frequencies noted in step 1, with the analyzer in zero span.
AUX CTRL
TRACK GEN
SRC PWR ON OFF (ON underlined)
TRACKING PEAK
Wait for the PEAKING message to disappear. Step the SRC POWER
setting in 1 dB increments and note at which power levels the output
is unlevelled. The output should be unlevelled only when the power
level is greater than +1 dBm.
410 Chapter 10
3. Check maximum power available from the tracking generator.

Connect the RF OUT 50Ω connector to the INPUT 50Ω connector.
PRESET
AMPLITUDE, 20, +dBm
LOG dB/DIV, 5, dB
AUX CTRL
TRACK GEN
SRC PWR ON OFF (ON underlined)
MORE 1 OF 2
ALC INT EXT (EXT underlined)
The available power should always be greater than +1 dBm. If the

output is unlevelled only at specific frequencies, a power hole will
usually be visible at those frequencies.
4. Check the LO OUTPUT power level as follows:
a. Set the analyzer to zero span at a 0 Hz center frequency.
b. Zero and calibrate a power-meter/power-sensor combination. Set
the power meter to readout power in dBm. Enter the power
sensor's 4 GHz cal factor into the power meter.
c. Connect the power sensor to the LO OUTPUT connector on the
analyzer rear panel.
d. Record the power meter reading. The power level should be
greater than +12.5 dBm.
e. Increase the analyzer center frequency setting by 100 MHz. The
LO OUTPUT frequency will be 3.9214 GHz greater than the
center frequency setting.
f. Enter the appropriate power sensor cal factor into the power
meter.
g. Repeat step a to step f until the center frequency setting is
2.9 GHz.
5. If the LO OUTPUT power-level check fails, note the center frequency
setting at which the power level was out of tolerance. If the LO
OUTPUT power level check passes, proceed to step 7.
Chapter 10 411
6. Place the A3 front end assembly in its service position. Place the
A3A15 tracking generator assembly in its service position.
Disconnect W41 from A3A15J4 (LO IN). Connect the power sensor to
the free end of W41. Repeat the LO OUTPUT power level check
above, noting the center frequency settings at which the power level
is out of tolerance. The power level for this check should be
+16.5 dBm ±2 dB.
• If the power level is within tolerance at W41, but out of tolerance
at the LO OUTPUT (rear panel), and the center frequency setting
of the out-of-tolerance power levels is close to the frequencies at
which the output is unlevelled, suspect A3A15.
• If the power level at W41 is also out of tolerance, suspect either
the A3A14 LODA assembly, A3A7 YTO assembly, or W41. Refer
to the “LO Section” information in Chapter 9.
7. If the output is unlevelled only at certain power level settings or
certain frequencies, monitor A10J1 pin 8 with a DVM. Connect the
negative DVM lead to A7JTP1. Vary the SRC POWER setting or center
frequency setting, as appropriate, and plot the voltage variation
versus power level or frequency. A discontinuity in the plot near the
frequency or power level at which the output is unlevelled indicates
a problem on the A10 tracking generator control assembly.
412 Chapter 10
To check excessive residual FM

Either the tracking oscillator or the ALC circuitry could be responsible
for excessive residual FM. The residual FM should be measured on
another analyzer, such as an 8566A/B or 8568A/B, using slope detection
with the analyzer set to zero span. Proceed as follows to troubleshoot
residual FM problems.
1. Perform the Residual FM performance test for the analyzer (see the
8590 E-Series and L-Series Spectrum Analyzers User's Guide). If this
test passes, the 1st LO input and 600 MHz drive signals should be
within tolerance. If the test fails, troubleshoot the LO section.
2. Monitor A10J1 pin 5 (TUNE) with an oscilloscope. Connect the
oscilloscope probe ground lead to A7TP1. The voltage at this point
should be greater than 500 mV.
• If the voltage is less than 500 mV, perform the “Frequency
Tracking Range Check.” in the Tracking Oscillator adjustment
procedure, in Chapter 2. If this check fails, perform the
“Adjustment Procedure” which follows the “Frequency Tracking
Range Check.”
• If the noise on this tune line is greater than 10 mV, troubleshoot
the A10 Tracking Generator Control assembly.
3. Monitor the output of the tracking generator with another analyzer
(the analyzer should be in zero span). Check for high-amplitude
spurious responses from 100 kHz to at least 3 GHz. If the spurious
responses are too high in amplitude, the (broadband) ALC detector
may cause the ALC loop to oscillate, generating FM sidebands. If
any spurious responses are excessively high, refer to “If
harmonic/spurious outputs are too high.” in this section.
4. If no spurious responses are present, or if the spurious responses are
sufficiently low enough in amplitude to not cause a problem, suspect
the tracking oscillator in the A3A15 assembly.
Chapter 10 413
If flatness is out of tolerance

The output level flatness of the tracking generator is specified at a
−1 dBm output power setting. In general, most flatness problems will
be a result of a failure in the A3A15 Tracking Generator microcircuit.
However, the PWR_LVL signal from the A10 Tracking Generator
Control assembly and the 1ST LO IN signal from the A3A14 First LO
Distribution Amplifier assembly can also contribute to flatness
problems.
1. Check the function of the PWR_LVL signal from the A10 Tracking
Generator Control assembly. Set the SRC POWER setting to a level at
which the flatness is out of tolerance. Monitor A10J1 pin 8 with a
DVM, step the center frequency setting in 100 MHz increments from
100 MHz to 2.9 GHz, and plot the voltage variation versus frequency.
A discontinuity in the plot near the frequency at which the flatness
is out of tolerance indicates a problem on the A10 Tracking
Generator Control assembly.
2. Check the flatness of the 1ST LO IN signal. Perform the LO
OUTPUT amplitude check as described in “If the output goes
unlevelled (TG UNLVL message displayed).” in this section.
• If the check passes, the fault is most likely in the A3A15 Tracking
Generator assembly.
• If the test fails, note the center frequency setting at which the
power level was out of tolerance and compare against the
frequencies at which the flatness was out of tolerance. Repeat the
check with the power sensor connected to the end of W41 that is
nearest the A3A15 assembly, noting the center frequency of any
out of tolerance power levels. The power level should be
+16.5 dBm ±2 dB.
❏ If the power level is within tolerance at W41, but out of
tolerance at the LO OUTPUT connector (rear panel), and the
center frequency settings of the out-of-tolerance power levels
are close to the frequencies at which the flatness is out of
tolerance, suspect the A3A15 assembly.
❏ If the power level at W41 is also out of tolerance, suspect
either the A3A14 First LO Distribution Amplifier or the A3A7
YTO assembly. Refer to “RF and LO Section
for 8592L, 8593E, 8594E, 8594L, 8594Q, 8595E, and 8596E
Analyzers.” in Chapter 9.
3. Check all coax cables, especially semi-rigid cables. A fault in one of
these cables can cause a very-high-Q power hole.
414 Chapter 10
If vernier accuracy is out of tolerance

Vernier accuracy is a function of the PWR_LVL drive signal from the
A10 tracking generator control assembly and the ALC circuitry on
A3A15. The vernier accuracy is specified at 300 MHz. Since vernier
accuracy is tested using a broadband power sensor, abnormally high
spurious responses could cause the measured vernier accuracy to fail
when in fact the accuracy of the 300 MHz signal alone is within
specification.
1. Check the PWR_LVL drive signal from A10. Monitor A10J1 pin 8
with a DVM. Change the SRC POWER setting in 1 dB steps and note
the voltage at each power level setting. The voltage should change by
the same amount for each 1 dB step. If the voltage does not change
by the same amount for each 1 dB step, the fault lies on the A10
Tracking Generator Control assembly.
2. Check for abnormally high spurious outputs. Connect the RF OUT
50Ω connector to the input of another analyzer (the test analyzer).
Set the test analyzer to sweep from 300 kHz to 2.9 GHz, with a
sweeptime of 100 ms or less. Set the 8594A to sweep from 300 kHz to
2.9 GHz with a 50 second sweeptime. Press SGL SWP on the 8594A
and observe any responses on the test analyzer, ignoring the desired
output signal. If any spurious responses are greater than −20 dBc,
the vernier accuracy measurement may fail. Refer to “If
harmonic/spurious outputs are too high” in this section.
3. Check for excessive LO feedthrough. Use the LO Feedthrough
performance test in the 8590 E-Series and L-Series Spectrum
Analyzers User's Guide, but check over a center frequency range of
300 kHz to 100 MHz. The LO Feedthrough will be 3.9214 GHz
greater than the center frequency setting.
Chapter 10 415
If harmonic/spurious outputs are too high

Harmonic and spurious outputs may be generated by A3A15 itself or
may be present on either the 600 MHz drive or 1st LO drive signal.
There is a direct relationship between spurious signals on the 1st LO
and spurious signals on the tracking generator output. There is a
five-to-one relationship between spurious signals on the 600 MHz drive
and the spurious signals on the tracking generator output. For example,
if the 600 MHz signal moves 1 MHz, the tracking generator output
signal will move 5 MHz. This is due to the multiplication in the
pentupler.
1. If the Harmonic Spurious Responses performance test failed,
connect another analyzer, such as an 8566A/B, to the 8594A LO
OUTPUT connector. Set the 8594A to each frequency as indicated in
the performance test, with the SPAN set to 0 Hz. The 1st LO
frequency will be 3.9214 GHz greater than the center frequency
setting. Use the 8566A/B to measure the level of the second and
third harmonics of the 1st LO signal.
NOTE The 1st LO typically has a higher harmonic content than the tracking
generator output. For the purposes of this check, it is the variation in
harmonic content versus frequency which is important.
If the variation of the harmonic level of the 1st LO versus frequency
tracks the harmonic level variation of the tracking generator output,
repeat step 1 while measuring the 1st LO signal at the end of W41
nearest A3A15. If there is little variation in the 1st LO harmonic level
between the LO OUTPUT connector and W41, and the relative
variation in harmonic level tracks with the tracking generator output
harmonic level, suspect either the A3A14 First LO Distribution
Amplifier assembly or the A3A7 YTO assembly.
If the harmonic level variation of the 1st LO versus frequency does not
track the harmonic level variation of the tracking generator output,
suspect A3A15.
2. If sidebands are present at the same frequency offset at every output

frequency, use another analyzer to check the spectral purity of the
1st LO and the 600 MHz drive signals. When checking the 1st LO,
the 8594A must be set to zero span. The 1st LO frequency will be
3.9214 GHz greater than the center frequency setting. A 1 MHz
sideband on the 1st LO will appear as a 1 MHz sideband on the
output signal.
To verify that the 600 MHz drive or 1st LO signal is responsible for
the sidebands, substitute a clean signal for the 600 MHz drive or 1st
LO signal. If the sidebands on the output disappear when using the
clean signal, the substituted signal was responsible for the
sidebands.
416 Chapter 10
NOTE The 600 MHz drive signal should be −8 dBm ±3.5 dB. The 1st LO signal
should be +16 dBm ±2 dB.
If power sweep is not functioning properly

Power sweep is accomplished by summing an attenuated SWEEP
RAMP signal with the PWR_LVL signal. The SWEEP_RAMP is
attenuated using the 12-bit power sweep DAC. The power sweep DAC
output is then fed to a summing amplifier where it is summed with the
power level DAC output to yield the PWR_LVL signal.
1. If some power sweep ranges do not appear to work properly, the fault
is probably the power sweep DAC on the A10 Tracking Generator
Control assembly. Check the operation of the power sweep DAC as
follows:
a. Monitor A10U9 pin 7 with an oscilloscope. Connect the ground
lead of the oscilloscope to A10TP1. (Refer to the schematic for the
A10 Tracking Generator Control assembly.) Trigger the
oscilloscope using the analyzer HIGH SWEEP IN/OUT signal on
the rear panel.
b. Set the analyzer by pressing the following keys.
FREQUENCY
CENTER FREQ, 300, MHz
SPAN, 0, Hz
BW, 300, kHz
AUX CTRL
Track Gen
SRC POWER , −10, dBm
SRC PWR SWEEP, 10, dB
c. The amplitude of the positive-going ramp displayed on the
oscilloscope should be approximately 7.8 V.
d. Change the SRC PWR SWEEP setting to any value between 1 and
11 dB. The ramp amplitude displayed on the oscilloscope should
be 780 mV per dB of the SRC PWR SWEEP setting.
NOTE Although the source power sweep may be set to a 12.75 dB sweep
width, the power sweep function is only warranted to have a 11 dB
sweep width.
2. Perform the Vernier Accuracy performance test. See the calibration

guide for your instrument. If this test fails, refer to “If vernier
accuracy is out of tolerance.” earlier in this section.
Chapter 10 417
If there is no output power

The A3A15 assembly requires power supplies, a 1st LO signal, and a
600 MHz drive signal in order to provide power output.
1. Check the power supplies on A10J1 and A3A15J1. Refer to the A10
Tracking Generator Control assembly schematic.
2. Verify that the voltage at A10J1 pin 4 is greater than +14 Vdc when
the tracking generator is on. If the voltage is not greater than
+14 Vdc, troubleshoot A10.
3. Check that ALC_EXT, measured at A10J1 pin 10, is at a TTL low
when the tracking generator is set to ALC INT and at a TTL high
when the tracking generator is set to ALC EXT.
4. Check that the 600 MHz drive signal is −8 dBm ±3.5 dB. If the signal
is outside of this range, troubleshoot the A9 Third Converter
assembly.
5. Check that the 1st LO input signal is +16 dBm ±2 dB. Perform the
LO OUTPUT amplitude check described in “If the output goes
unlevelled (TG UNLVL message displayed).” earlier in this section,
measuring instead at the end of W41 nearest A3A15.
6. Check the tracking adjustment controls. Monitor A10J1 pin 5 with a
DVM. On the 8594A, use the step keys and knob to change the MAN
TRACK ADJUST value from 0 to 4095. The voltage measured should
increase from 0 V to +12 V.
CAUTION The following step requires adjustment of A3A15C3. The lifetime of

A3A15C3 is rated for less than 10 cycles. Do not adjust A3A15C3 unless
it is absolutely necessary.
7. If all of the checks above are acceptable, the tracking oscillator

might not be functioning. Set up the 8594A as indicated in the
Tracking Oscillator adjustment procedure in Chapter 2, using an
analyzer, such as an 8566A/B, in place of the frequency counter. Try
to adjust A3A15C3 until a signal is displayed on the 8566A/B. If
adjusting A3A15C3 does not result in the tracking generator
beginning to function, the A3A15 Tracking Generator assembly is
suspect.
418 Chapter 10
First LO Distribution Amplifier (LODA) 8593E, 8594E, 8594Q, 8595E, 8596E Option 009
First LO Distribution Amplifier (LODA)

8593E, 8594E, 8594Q, 8595E, 8596E
Option 009
The following troubleshooting information is aimed at isolating 1st LO
amplitude-related faults to either the A3A14 LODA assembly, A10
Tracking Generator Control assembly, or the A3A7 YTO assembly. The
A3A7 YTO and A3A14 LODA are not field repairable. The A10
Tracking Generator Control assembly is field repairable. However, if
the repair time exceeds 30 minutes, it may be more cost-effective to
order a replacement assembly rather than to continue component-level
repair.
1. Place the A3 Front End assembly in its service position. Place the
A10 Tracking Generator Control assembly on an extender board.
Remove W33, the semi-rigid coax cable between A3A14 and A3A6.
Do not reconnect W20 to AT1.
2. Connect a DVM's negative lead to A10TP2, AGND. Connect the
positive lead to A10TP6 (PIN).
3. Set the analyzer by pressing the following keys.
FREQUENCY
CENTER FREQ, 300, MHz
SPAN, 20, MHz
TRIG, CONT SGL (SGL underlined)
4. Measure the LO power at A3A14J2 and the free end of W20. Refer to
Figure 9-5 for acceptable power level ranges.
5. If both LO power levels are lower than acceptable, the voltage on
A10TP6 (PIN) should be above 0 V. If both LO power levels are
higher than acceptable, this voltage should be more negative than
−10 V.
6. If the voltage measured in step 5 is as described, the LODA drive
circuitry is acceptable. Check the A3A7 YTO output power level.
Refer to Foldout 12-2 for acceptable power level range.
7. If the voltage measured in step 5 is not as described, either the
LODA drive circuitry or the LODA itself is malfunctioning. Check
that the operational amplifier's output is consistent with its inputs.
8. Set the analyzer LINE switch to off, disconnect W38 from A10J2, then
set the analyzer LINE switch to on.
9. Connect a jumper between A10J2 and A10TP2. This connects
ground A2, a floating ground, to AGND. Connect another jumper
between A10TP4, LOS (LO sense) and +10 VR (refer to the A10
schematic).
Chapter 10 419
10.The voltage measured on the DVM should be greater than +14 Vdc.
11.Move the jumper from +10 VR to −10 VR (refer to the A10
schematic). The voltage measured should be more negative than
−13 Vdc.
12.If the voltages do not meet the limits described in step 10 and
step 11, troubleshoot the A10 Tracking Generator Control assembly.
13.Connect the positive DVM lead to A10J2 pin 1.
14.The measured voltage should be approximately +5 Vdc. If the
voltage is not +5 Vdc, troubleshoot the A10 Tracking Generator
Control assembly.
15.Connect the positive DVM lead to A10TP5, GB (gate bias). The
voltage should measure within 5% of the GATE voltage listed on the
RF section label.
16.If the voltage is not within this range, rotate A10R29 (GATE)
through its range while monitoring the DVM.
17.If the voltage varies between 0 Vdc and −2 Vdc, adjust A10R29
(GATE) for a DVM reading within 5% of the GATE voltage listed on
the RF section label. If the voltage does not vary outside the range of
0 Vdc and −2 Vdc, troubleshoot the A10 assembly.
18.Set the analyzer LINE switch to off, reconnect W38 to A10J2, then set
the analyzer LINE switch to on.
19.If the DVM reading changes more than 50 mV, the A3A14 LODA is
probably defective.
420 Chapter 10
DVB-C 8594Q QAM Analyzer Option 190

The following section contains information to assist in troubleshooting
the DVB-C mode of operation of the 8594Q Option 190 DVB-C QAM
analyzer.
CAUTION The 8594Q Option 190 DVB-C QAM analyzer is a complex instrument
to troubleshoot. It is recommended that the following troubleshooting
procedures be performed by an approved Agilent Technologies service
center only.
This information is divided into two sections.

• Troubleshooting Tree
• Option 190 Service Menus
Troubleshooting Tree
The following troubleshooting trees are provided as a tool to use to
isolate the most common problems in an 8594Q QAM analyzer.
More complex interactive problems will require more detailed
troubleshooting knowledge to be gained with experience and help from
division engineers.
Use the following guidelines to use the 8594Q Option 190 DVB-C QAM
analyzer troubleshooting trees use the following guidelines.
1. Start with TREE 1.
2. Read and evaluate each key question in the tree you are working
with before moving on to the next tree.
3. Follow through the flow of the trees, sequentially, starting with
TREE 1, for every new problem.
There are five troubleshooting trees included in this section.
• Tree 1: Spectrum Analyzer Platform vs Option 190
• Tree 2: Internal Preamplifier
• Tree 3: Option 190
• Tree 4: EVM Problems
• Tree 5: Average Power Test Problems
Chapter 10 421
TREE 1: Spectrum Analyzer Platform vs Option 190

IS THE PROBLEM A SPECTRUM ANALYZER PLATFORM OR OPTION 190
PROBLEM?
Comments Problems/Reasons Diagnostic/Fix Action
Isolate the problem. If the failure is in a spectrum Check the list of Option 190 failures
analyzer test, it is most likely that can look like spectrum analyzer
Note that the base
a problem in the base problems. If none match, follow the
spectrum analyzer
spectrum analyzer platform. typical 8594Q analyzer troubleshooting
platform is the same
procedure documented in the
as an 8594E
8590 Series Analyzers Assembly-Level
spectrum analyzer.
Repair Service Guide.
If the failure is in an Check the list of spectrum analyzer

Option 190 specific test under platform problems that can look like
the DVB Analyzer Menu or at Option 190 problems. If none match, go
859XE Option 190 to TREE 3.
Recalibration Software, it is
most likely to be an
Option 190 problem in the
card cage.
422 Chapter 10

PROBLEM? (Continued)
Spectrum One or more power supply Detach and remove the Option 190 card
Analyzer Platform voltages can be shorted to cage boards, one at a time, in the
Problems ground. following order: DSP, DEMOD, and RF
card. After each card is removed, power
Sometimes an
up the instrument and look for normal
Option 190 problem
spectrum analyzer behavior. The short
can look like a
is probably on the last card you
spectrum analyzer
removed.
failure.
High spurious in noise floor, or The Option 190 cards have many
showing up in spectrum high-speed clock signals, and high
analyzer residual FM test. amplitude oscillators. Sometimes these
signals are coupled into the main
spectrum analyzer path, and seen as
spurs.
1. Check the Option 190 80-pin ribbon
cable for good seating in its
connector.
2. Check the Option 190 gray coaxial
cables for good seating in its
connector.
3. Check for proper routing of cables.
Refer to the Service Guide.
No signal on screen. The Option 190 RF card has an

electronic switch that flips between the
input signal to the spectrum analyzer
path, or the Option 190 RF card input.
This switch may be broken, or frozen so
that the input signal never reaches the
spectrum analyzer path. Remove the RF
card. Reconnect the 321.4 MHz path as
in an 8594E spectrum analyzer. Check
for a trace on screen.
Chapter 10 423

PROBLEM? (Continued)
Option 190 Center frequency tuning If the analyzer tuning/sweep circuits are
Problem problem. broken, the Option 190 EVM test will
fail.
Sometimes a
spectrum analyzer 1. Check the 10 MHz reference.
platform problem
2. Perform the spectrum analyzer
can look like an
frequency and amplitude calibration.
Option 190 problem.
If it fails, follow the typical 8594Q
troubleshooting procedure
documented in the 8590 Series
Analyzers Assembly-Level Repair
Service Guide.
Signal level is too high or too If the QAM analyzer has a problem in
low at the 321.4 MHz tap the down-conversion chain, the RF
point into the Option 190 board will not receive the correct power
cards. level. Probe the input to the RF card.
The power level should be between −33
and −25 dBm.
424 Chapter 10
TREE 2: Internal Preamplifier

IS THE PROBLEM IN THE 8594Q QAM ANALYZER INTERNAL PREAMPLIFIER?
Internal No signal on screen Refer to “Set up to use the

Preamplifier Preamplifier” in the “Making
Problems Measurements” chapter of the user's
guide for your QAM analyzer.
1. Go to the Preamplifier Control
menu, then select PREAMP ON
OFF several times to turn the
preamplifier on and off. You
should hear a loud click as the
coaxial switch puts the
preamplifier in and out of the
spectrum analyzer path.
2. If you do not hear the click, the
problem is either in the coaxial
switch, or in the control board
mounted on top of the IF. Check
the wiring harness to and from
the control board. Replace the
control board, and try to turn the
internal preamplifier on and off
again.
3. Measure the signal at the input
to the RF card. If there is no
signal, the problem is in the
preamplifier, the preamplifier
control, or in the analyzer front
end.
Signal compressed at the top of Refer to “Set up to use the

the display. or Displayed Average Preamplifier” the “Making
Noise Level (DANL) appears to be Measurements” chapter of the user's
too high. or Signal level much guide for your QAM analyzer.
larger than true power level of the
1. Go to the Preamplifier Setup
input signal.
menu, then select PREAMP
GAIN, then enter 0 dB. If the
signal jumps 20-26 dB in
amplitude, the internal
preamplifier is on. Try to turn it
off, using PREAMP ON OFF
softkey.
2. If it does not turn off, the
problem is in the coaxial switch,
or the preamplifier control board
located on top of the IF.
Chapter 10 425
TREE 3: Option 190

HOW DO I CHECK THE BASIC CONFIGURATION?
The Option 190 consists of three Access the option listing under
card-cage option cards, DSP Show Options. Confirm that the
firmware, host analyzer firmware, option software revisions are
and the DLP. All revisions must current, and that no configuration
be up to date. error message shows. The following
is a list of the initial revisions.
• Firmware: 961216
• DLP: 961218
• Option 190 DSP: 961206
If you get a configuration error,
refer to the “Error Messages”
section of the 8594Q Option 190
DVB-C QAM Analyzer User's Guide.
WHICH OPTION 190 TEST FAILED?
The Option 190 Recalibration If the Option 190 Recalibration

routine or DVB Demod Test routine or DVB Demod Test fails the
exercises both the Option 190 EVM test limit, the problem is most
hardware, and the base spectrum likely in the Option 190
analyzer platform hardware in hardware/software or the DLP. Go
different tests. to TREE 4. If the Option 190
Recalibration routine or DVB
Demod Test fails the average power
limit, the problem is most likely in
the basic spectrum analyzer
platform hardware, the
preamplifier, or the DLP. Go to
TREE 5.
IS THE ANALYZER RECEIVING A GOOD INPUT SIGNAL?
The test signal comes from the View the spectrum on a spectrum
8770 arbitrary waveform analyzer screen. It is centered at
synthesizer. It is very sensitive to 27.6 MHz. Refer to the “Average
improperly connected or Channel Measurement” located in
terminated cables. the “Making Measurements”
chapter of the 8594Q Option 190
DVB-C QAM Analyzer User's Guide,
for an example of the correct signal
shape. The bandwidth depends on
the exact test being performed, but
the signal will be of the same shape
as the example.
426 Chapter 10
TREE 4: EVM Problems

IS THE FAILURE IN A SINGLE CHANNEL BANDWIDTH?
If the problem is concentrated in a Replace the suspected RF board

single-channel bandwidth setting, assembly with a “known” good RF
the problem is probably in the RF board. If the analyzer passes the
option board. EVM test, save the bad board and
the matching test data for division
analysis.
IS THE FAILURE IN A SINGLE SYMBOL RATE?
If the problem is concentrated in a Replace the suspect DEMOD board

single-channel bandwidth setting, assembly with a “known” good
the problem is likely in the DEMOD board. If the analyzer
DEMOD board assembly. passes the EVM test, save the bad
board and the matching test data
for division analysis.
Chapter 10 427

IS THE FAILURE WITH THE PREAMPLIFIER “ON” ONLY?
The test conditions with the •Evaluate the preamplifier. Refer to

preamplifier “ON” are designed to “Set up to use the preamplifier” in
test the functionality of the the “Making Measurements”
preamplifier and to stress the chapter of the user's guide for your
analyzer sensitivity to low QAM analyzer.
signals. If the problem could be in
1. Remove the 8770 test signal,
the preamplifier, the extra noise
then apply the CAL signal to the
in the RF option board path, or it
RF input.
could be in the spectrum analyzer
platform DANL. 2. Do the “Measuring the
Preamplifier Gain” procedure to
find out what suspect
preamplifier gain truly is. It
should be 23 ±3 dB. If it is not,
the problem is in the
preamplifier.
3. Test the preamplifier control
by turning the preamplifier on
and off, using PREAMP ON OFF.
•Evaluate the spectrum analyzer
platform DANL. If the DANL is out
of specification, the problem is in
the spectrum analyzer
down-conversion path.
•Swap the RF option card with a
“known” good card. Rerun the test.
If the problem is resolved, save the
bad board and the matching test
data for return to Agilent.
428 Chapter 10

Connector The MCX connectors used on the Inspect both the female connector
Problems gray cables on the option cards on the board, and the male
are delicate. connector on the cable.
Care must be taken
on inserting the If the female connector on the board
cables into the board is not severely crushed, it can often
to keep the male be cleared using a dental pick. If the
connectors well male connector pin appears to be off
aligned with the center, recenter using fine tweezers.
female connectors.
Replace the board only if the
Inspect the cable
connector center hole is crushed
male connector
beyond repair.
before EVERY
insertion. Correct
any tilt or off-center
of the center pin, if
necessary.
Chapter 10 429

Failures can appear The problem is in the main 1. Check the adjustment of the
in multiple places in demodulation path used by all EVM 71.025 MHz oscillator on the RF
the EVM test across test modes. option board. The nominal setting at
multiple-channel room temperature after warmup and
bandwidths and instrument preset (PRESET) of the
symbol rates, instrument should be 71.025 MHz.
regardless of the
If it has drifted off frequency, use
preamplifier settings.
a tweaker to adjust C402 to bring
the frequency to 71.025 MHz.
Watch the signal. Is it stable, or
does it drift again?
If it drifts again, Q400 is
probably bad. Q400 is a specially
selected 2N3904 transistor. Check
with the division to obtain an
approved replacement.
Rerun the EVM test to check if the
problem is resolved. If not, proceed to
step 2.
2. Replace the RF board with a
“known” good board. Does the
instrument now pass the EVM
test?
If so, save the bad board and the
matching test data for division
analysis.
If not, continue to step 3.
3. Replace the DEMOD option board
with a “known” good board. Does the
instrument now pass the EVM test?
analysis.
If not, continue to step 4.
4. Replace the DSP option board with
a “known” good board. Does the
instrument now pass the EVM test?
analysis.
If not, after swapping to a full set
of “known” good boards, set the
instrument aside for further
analysis.
430 Chapter 10
TREE 5: Average Power Test Problems

IS THE TEST SIGNAL AT THE PROPER LEVEL?
Test Signal Level The test signal comes from the View the spectrum on a spectrum
8770 arbitrary waveform analyzer screen. It is centered at
synthesizer. 27.6 MHz. Refer to the “Average
Channel Measurement” located in
the “Making Measurements”
chapter of the 8594Q Option 190
DVB-C QAM Analyzer User's Guide
for an example of the correct signal
shape. The bandwidth depends on
the exact test being performed, but
the signal will be of the same shape
as the example.
If the signal appears to be normal,
check the output power through a
power meter. Is the test signal at
the right power level? It should be
approximately 4 dBm − 0 (8770A
attenuator setting) − pad with the
preamplifier OFF, and 4 dBm − 50
(8770A attenuator setting) − pad
when the preamplifier is on.
Preamplifier OFF If the problem appears with the Replace the DSP option board with
preamplifier OFF (PREAMP ON a “known” good board. Rerun the
OFF, OFF is underlined), the root test to see if it passes.
cause is likely to be a spectrum
analyzer platform path problem
or DSP problem. The DLP uses
analysis.
only the 8594E spectrum analyzer
hardware and the DSP card to If not, after swapping the DSP does
execute the average power not work, perform an analyzer self
measurement. calibration. Troubleshoot as a
spectrum analyzer platform
problem if it does not pass.
Chapter 10 431
TREE 5: Average Power Test Problems

IS THE TEST SIGNAL AT THE PROPER LEVEL?
Preamplifer ON If the problem appears with the 1. Evaluate the preamplifier. Refer
preamplifier ON (PREAMP ON to “Set up to use the preamplifier” in
OFF, ON is underlined) the root the “Making Measurements”
cause is likely to be the chapter of the user's guide for your
preamplifier or the preamplifier QAM analyzer.
control.
a. Remove the 8770 test signal,
then apply the CAL signal to
the RF input.
b. Do the “Measuring the
Preamplifier Gain” procedure
to find out what suspect
preamplifier gain truly is. It
should be 23 ±3 dB. If it is
not, the problem is in the
preamplifier.
c. Test the preamplifier control
by turning the preamplifier
on and off, using PREAMP ON
OFF.
2. If you cannot control the

preamplifier, the problem is in the
preamplifier control board. Swap
the preamplifier control board with
a “known” good board.
3. If the problem persists, replace
the DSP with a “known” good board.
Rerun the test to see if it passes. If
so, save the bad board and the
analysis.
4. If swapping the DSP does not
work, perform an analyzer self
calibration. Troubleshoot as a
spectrum analyzer platform
problem if it does not pass.
432 Chapter 10
Option 190 DVB-C Connection Diagram
Option 190 DVB-C Connection Diagram
Chapter 10 433
Option 190 DVB-C Service Menus

Service menus are available in the 8594Q Option 190 DVB-C QAM
analyzer and are intended to assist in troubleshooting problems specific
to the Option 190. These service menus can only be enabled using a
passcode.
Enabling the service menus allows you to do the following:
1. Enable diagnostics information during demodulation measurements
that shows important level and state variables accompanying the
normal measurement results.
2. Enable diagnostics and/or optional keys and menus elsewhere in the
measurement menus.
3. Control various parameters that the typical user would never need.
4. Entry into a menu of keys useful for troubleshooting the Option 190
downconverter.
CAUTION It is important to realize that all the keys, with one exception (RCVR
CAL ON OFF,) under Service Menus intentionally retain their values
through presets and power cycles like all other Setup keys. This is done
so board swapping may be done during troubleshooting and the
previous state can be retained. After troubleshooting is completed, the
DEFAULT SETUP key should be press to clear any conditions set via the
Service Menus.
Passcode
To enable the Service Menus you must enter a passcode. Perform the
following procedure to access the Service Menus.
PRESET
DVB-C ANALYZER
Setup
Analyzer Setup
MAX MIXER LEVEL
−, 1, 2, 3, dBm
434 Chapter 10
Menu 1 of 3
DIAGS ON OFF enables the display of the diagnostics data on
demod-based measurements along with the measurement results. This
data is shown as a small highlighted block on the screen. The exact
meaning of each of the data items is detailed in the “Diagnostic Data”
section.
IGNORE ON OFF enables a mode in which demod-based measurements
will ignore any QAM acquisition or measurement failure and show the
measurement anyway. This is useful to observe the constellation under
this condition since it can yield valuable clues about the particular fault
(spinning or random constellation). Note that this only ignores
acquisition or measurement unlocks; it will not ignore a 240 MHz PLL
unlock or level set failure.
KEYS ON OFF enables the following diagnostic and optional control keys
located elsewhere in the menus.
• Service is located in the lq Constln menu.
• AGC HOLD RUN and DNCVRTR ATTEN are shown during a continuous
(live) demod-based measurement. DNCVRTR ATTEN is used to
manually enter a value of Option 190 downconverter attenuation
independent of the value set by the level-set algorithm, and display
in the diagnostic data. Useful information can be gleaned by
entering values different than that set by the level-setting
algorithm, then observing the effects on the constellation, or other
measurement.
Note that values are entered “blind” into the keypad, terminated by
dB; there is no visible active function area on the screen. Note also
that the diagnostic data does not change to reflect the new value of
downconverter attenuation. Also, only even values of attenuation
are utilized, due to only 2 dB steps are available on the board. AGC
HOLD RUN (hold underlined) will freeze the AGC loop on the Option
190 demodulator input. This allows subtle effects to be observed
without being obscured by the action of the AGC loop.
• VARIANCE SD 90% is located in the Modulation Accuracy menu. When
set to SD (SD is underlined), this will make averaged measurements
display the standard deviation instead of the 90% confidence value of
measurement variance.
• METRIC ON OFF located in the SER, C/N Margin menu, when set to ON
(on is underlined) will make the SER measurement display the
EVM, or MER, that accompanies the measurement in a manner
identical to the channel response measurements.
Chapter 10 435
Dncvtr Test leads to a set of menus that allows the setup of various
Option 190 downconverter functions in a manner convenient to
troubleshooting, for example, no measurements are run. The softkeys
located under Dncvtr Test are documented in the “Downconverter Test”
section.
Menu 2 of 3
RCVR CAL ON OFF allows you to enable or disable use of the Option 190
calibration by demod-based measurements. The Option 190 calibration
is a special factory calibration that allows us to compensate for the
linear distortion of the analyzer. This improves the channel response
measurement results as well as increases the ability of the demodulator
to lock to a signal. The calibration “values” are kept in the analyzer
CMOS RAM memory and automatically uploaded by the analyzer
firmware to the Option 190 board set at power-up. If the cal is missing
or corrupt, RCVR CAL ON OFF will remain in the OFF position (OFF is
underlined) and cannot be toggled ON. This key is the one exception to
the Setup keys: it does NOT retain its value through preset or power
cycles. The reason being the mode entry routine will automatically turn
RCVR CAL ON OFF to OFF (OFF is underlined) if it detects that the
Option 190 cal is missing or corrupted (and display a message). The
mode entry routine will also turn RCVR CAL ON OFF to ON (ON is
underlined) if the CAL is OK. Pressing DEFAULT SETUP key will set
RCVR CAL ON OFF to ON (if there is a valid CAL). The state of RCVR
CAL ON OFF is also shown in the “Diagnostic Data” section.
Dsp Evm Corr key leads to a menu which allows you to individually
enable or disable DSP based evm correction for each of the 3
bandwidths, 2,4 or 8 MHz. For example, the “8 MHz CH ON OFF” key
when set to ON enables DSP based corrections on 8 MHz channels. As
described in Modulation Accuracy (metrics) above, the 2 &4 MHz
bandwidths normally have this enabled, but not the 8 MHz bandwidth.
EVM CORR ON OFF enables DLP based evm corrections on channels that
do not have DSP based evm corrections enabled. The diagnostics data
(see the “Diagnostic Data” section) displays if DSP or DLP based evm
corrections are on for the current analyzer state.
CNTL A 1 0 allows you to toggle the preamp bypass switch
independently of PREAMP ON OFF key. Selecting 1 puts the switch in
preamp mode, 0 puts the switch in bypass mode. This is useful for
troubleshooting the preamp drive circuits.
SHOW REVDATES key displays all three software revision dates:
the 8594Q QAM analyzer firmware (“F/W:”), Option 190 DSP firmware
(“DSP:”) and DLP.
436 Chapter 10
Menu 3 of 3
COUPLING ON OFF (when set to OFF) allows you to disable the
automatic selection of channel bandwidth when a new channel is
entered. This may be used if you want to ignore the FTZ `D' channel
layout while using `D' channels.
RETUNE ON OFF (when set to OFF) allows you to disable the automatic
re-setting of the 71.1 MHz oscillator that is done when a demod-based
measurement signal acquisition fails. This can be set to off to
investigate signal acquisition for a fixed 71.1 MHz tuning state (lower,
centered or upper).
ACQ MER LIMIT allows entry of values from 0 to 50 dB (the default is
20 dB). This value is used during a demod-based measurement
signal-acquisition routine. If the measured value of MER is less than
this limit and the MER LMT ON OFF key in the Demod Setup menu is ON,
the acquisition routine will abort with a MER TOO LOW message.
MEAS MER LIMIT allows entry of values from 0 to 50 dB (the default is
20 dB). This value is used during a demod-based measurement. If the
measured value of MER is less than this limit and the MER LMT ON
OFF key in the Demod Setup menu is ON, the measurement will abort
with a MER TOO LOW message.
NOTE Setting MER LMT ON OFF in the Demod Setup menu to OFF will ignore
both “ACQ” and “MEAS” MER limits. This is essentially a shortcut to
setting both ACQ and MEAS MER limits to 0 dB to allow acquisition
and measurement of very noisy signals.
IGNOR BW ON OFF is used to disable the automatic channel bandwidth

verification that is done at the start of single signal demod based
measurements. If this key is set to ON, the signal's (approximate)
measured occupied bandwidth is not compared against the setting of
the CHAN BW SELECT key.
Chapter 10 437
Diagnostic Data
When DIAGS ON OFF in the Service Menus is set to ON, demod-based
measurements will include the display of extra diagnostic data in a
small highlighted block on the screen.
The format is: XX dB YY,Z ABCD where:
XX is the amount of dB set on the Option 190 downconverter
assembly after the automatic level setting algorithm has run. This
will be an even number from 0 to 60 dB.
YY is the final AGC (signal) reading from the Option 190
demodulator input stage in hexadecimal after the automatic level
setting algorithm has run. This will be 80 (128 decimal) or slightly
more than this. The target for the algorithm is 80 to 82.
Z is a number that indicates the sequence of action taken by the
algorithm. There are 6 possible values:
0: the initial AGC reading indicated no adjustment in was
needed. This should rarely happen since we intentionally set the
gain equation for the initial amount of attenuation to always
make it excessive to guarantee under-drive at the demodulator
input.
1: The initial AGC reading indicated excess attenuation of less
than 12 dB. The attenuation was reduced by this amount and a
subsequent AGC reading indicated the signal was within the
target. This is the most common case.
2: The initial AGC reading indicated excess attenuation of less
than 12 dB. The attenuation was reduced by this amount and a
subsequent AGC reading indicated adjustment was still required
(but less than 12 dB). The attenuation was reduced again by the
required amount and a final AGC reading was taken. This is the
next most common case.
3: The initial AGC reading indicated excess attenuation of 12 dB
(or more). The attenuation was reduced by 12 dB and a
subsequent AGC reading indicated the signal was within target.
This will rarely happen.
4: The initial AGC reading indicated excess attenuation of 12 dB
(or more). the attenuation was reduced by 12 dB and a
subsequent AGC reading indicated adjustment was still required
(but less than 12dB). The attenuation was reduced again by the
required amount and a final AGC reading was taken. This is rare,
but possible (if the downconverter has more loss than “usual”).
Note that this case doesn't check the final reading and reduce the
attenuation a third time if the target is not reached. So the level
may not be optimum.
438 Chapter 10
5: The second AGC reading in case 2 or 4 above indicated

adjustment was required and the amount of excess attenuation
was 12 dB or more (for example, the cumulative amount of
attenuation decrease would be 24 dB or more). This can happen if
the signal path has excess loss. This case generates the
Downconverter Level Set Failed error message.
A is a number which represents the current Option 190 71.1 MHz
oscillator “state”:
1: lower
2: centered
3: upper
B is the character R if “RCVR CAL” is ON, r if it is OFF.
C is the character D if DSP based evm corrections are ON, d if they
are not.
D is the character E if DLP based evm corrections are ON, e if they
are not.
A typical readout of a −20 dBm, 8 MHz channel might be: 46 dB 80,2
2RdE
Chapter 10 439
Downconverter Test
Dncvrtr Test in the Service Menus leads to a set of menus used to
troubleshoot Option 190 RF Downconverter boards. Note that pressing
it also sets up the analyzer for 0 span and routes the signal path to
Option 190 board set instead of the spectrum analyzer. Thus, if a signal
was present on the analyzer input, the screen will show only the
analyzer noise floor after pressing Dncvrtr Test.
The Switch Control key leads to a menu which will allow you to select
one of the 5 possible paths:
1. Spectrum Analyzer will route the signal back to the spectrum
analyzer. If you press this, the screen will show the signal (in 0 span)
if one is present on the analyzer input.
2. Demod 8 Mz SAW will route the signal through the Option 190
demod, 8 MHz SAW filter path.
5. Demod Bypass will route the signal through the Option 190
demod, bypass (no SAW filter) path.
DNCVRTR ATTEN allows entries from 0 to 60 dB to set the amount of
attenuation. Note that only even integer values are actually utilized
and the value is set to 30 dB when entering the downconverter test
menu.
PLL Control leads to a menu which will allow you to select the 240 MHz
PLL oscillator frequency (based on the channel bandwidth):
1. PLL 8 Mz Channel will set it to 243.4 MHz.
Custom Freq in the PLL Control menu leads to another menu which will
allow you to set the 240 MHz oscillator to a custom frequency by
specifying the `N' and `R' words which are sent as 19 individual (serial,
MSB 1st) bits to the National semi LMX2325 PLL chip. The highest 11
bits of the `N' word is used to load the `B' register, the next 7 bits are
used to load the `A' register, the lowest order bit always a 0 for `N'
words. The highest 3 bits of the `R' word are not used, the next bit is a 1
to specify the 32/33 prescalar, the next 14 bits are used to load the `R'
register, the lowest order bit always a 1 for `R' words. The frequency is
given by:
Fo = 10 MHz * N/R where N = (32*B)+A
440 Chapter 10
For the 8 MHz channels, R=50, B=38 and A=1 which yields 243.4 MHz.
For the 4 MHz channels, R=35, B=27 and A=0 which yields
246.85 MHz. For the 2 MHz channels, R=49, B=38 and A=2 which
yields 246.571 MHz. The two separate keys, DECIMAL PLL N and
DECIMAL PLL R, are used to enter the 2 values and contain the default
values for the 8 MHz channel: 9720 (2602 hex) for the N word and
32869 (8065 hex) for the R word.
SHOW AGC VALUES will take a single AGC (signal) reading at the input
of the Option 190 demodulator input and display it both as a hex value
and as its equivalent `gain' (for example, the amount of downconverter
attenuation to subtract). With a signal at the input, by entering a value
into DNCVRTR ATTEN and reading the AGC value returned by {SHOW
AGC VALUES}}, you can accomplish manually what the DLP automatic
level setting algorithm does. Note that if you want to duplicate the
value of attenuation shown during a measurement and the
measurement set the analyzer attenuator (AT) to 0 dB, you'll also have
to (manually) set AT to 0 dB.
The AGC HOLD RUN key allows you to freeze the AGC circuit when
toggled to HOLD.
Chapter 10 441
IQ Constellation
If SHOW KEYS ON OFF in the Service menus is set to ON, a Service key
will be present in the IQ Constellation menu. All the keys on this
Service menu are duplicates (for convenience) of keys under Service
menus discussed in the menu sections, except Osc Control. Osc Control
leads to a menu which allows control of both the 240 MHz PLL and
71.1 MHz oscillators.
PLL OFS - 0 + is a 3-way toggle key. This key will offset the 240 MHz
PLL oscillator by −200 KHz when a demod based measurement is
started and the “−” is underlined or by +200 KHz when the “+” is
underlined. This key is also a left-over from prototype days when we did
not have control of the 71.1 MHz oscillator.
PLL Custom is also a left-over from prototype days and is a duplicate of
the Custom Freq menu key described in the Downconverter Test section.
TUNE 71.1 OSC shows the current state of the 71.1 MHz oscillator and
allows you to enter a new state (“tune number”). Note that even though
the automatic retune algorithm will only select the lower (“1”), centered
(“2”) or upper (“3”) states, you can enter values here from 0 to 7. The “0”
state is twice as low as the “1” state, the “4” and “5” states are don't
cares', the “6” is twice as high as the “3” state and the “7” state is 3
times as high as the “3” state. It turned out that only the lower,
centered, and upper states were required by the automatic retune
algorithm to compensate for the temperature drift of the 71.1 oscillator.
RETUNE ON OFF is a duplicate of the same key in the Service menus
described in the menu sections.
SHOW SEQUENCE will display the 71.1 MHz oscillator tune state
numbers used during the last full signal acquisition sequence. A “2”
means only tune state 2 was required. A “21” means that states 2 then
1 were tried. A “213” means that 2 then 1 then 3 were tried.
442 Chapter 10
8591C & 8591E ONLY
FOLDOUT 10-1. 8590L/91C, 91E TRACKING GENERATOR OPTION 010 AND 011, OVERALL BLOCK DIAGRAM
444 Chapter 10
446 Chapter 10
448 Chapter 10
450 Chapter 10
8594Q OPTION 190
HARDWARE BLOCK DIAGRAM
SPECTRUM ANALZYER
321.4 MHz RBW
A3A18
RF IF TO
INPUT 50 W RF IF RF IF LO BASEBAND
LO LO
DETECTOR
0-70 dB
A3A17 ATTN
10 dB
STEP AT 300 MHz
3-6.8 GHz 3.6 GHz
_
G=+23 +3dB
NF= 7 dB
A190A1 RF SAW
A190A2 DEMOD CLOCK
FILTER DATA TO FEC
4x SYMBOL
RATE
I I
70 MHz 8 6.9 MHz A EQ
RF IF RF IF FIR DEMOD Q Q MAP
LO AGC LO D
2 dB STEP C
4 SYMBOL I
CLOCK
I I CARRIER
LO
SYNCH
2
DMA
A190A3 DSP
HOST SAMPLE
8594DY INTERFACE DSP
HOST/PROCESSOR RAM
CARD CAGE BUS
RAM EEPROM
sq15
FOLDOUT 10-5. 8594Q OPTION 190 DVB-C QAM ANALYZER

HARDWARE BLOCK DIAGRAM.
452 Chapter 10
11 Major Assembly and Cable
Locations
The various assemblies and cables of the 8590 E-Series and L-Series
analyzers are illustrated in this chapter. Refer to
Chapter 12 for part numbers, assembly descriptions, and ordering
information.
453
Major Assembly and Cable Locations

Figure 11-1 A1 Front-Frame Assembly, Front and Rear Views 8590 E-Series
and L-Series Spectrum Analyzers, 8591C Cable TV Analyzer,
and 8594Q QAM Analyzers
454 Chapter 11
Figure 11-2 Instrument Top View 8590L, 8591C, and 8591E
Chapter 11 455
Figure 11-3 Instrument Top View 8592L, 8593E, 8594E, 8594L, 8594Q, 8595E,
and 8596E
456 Chapter 11
Figure 11-4 A7A1 Left-Side View 8590L, 8591C, and 8591E
Chapter 11 457
Figure 11-5 Card-Cage (Options 102, 103) 8590 E-Series, 8591C Cable TV
Analyzers, and 8594Q QAM Analyzers
458 Chapter 11
Figure 11-6
Figure 11-6 Card-Cage (Options 009, 010) 8593E, 8594E, 8594Q, 8595E,
and 8596E
Chapter 11 459
Figure 11-7 Card-Cage (Option 103) 8590 E-Series
460 Chapter 11
Figure 11-8 Card-Cage (Option 107) 8591C and 8590 E-Series
Chapter 11 461
Figure 11-9 Card-Cage (Option 190) 8594Q
462 Chapter 11
Figure 11-10 Instrument Bottom View with A25 Counter-Lock Removed 8590
E-Series and L-Series Spectrum Analyzers, 8591C Cable TV
Analyzer, and 8594Q QAM Analyzers
Chapter 11 463
Figure 11-11 Instrument Bottom View 8590 E-Series and L-Series Spectrum
Analyzers, 8591C Cable TV Analyzers, and 8594Q QAM
Analyzers
464 Chapter 11
Figure 11-12 Front-End Assembly, Top View 8590L and 8591E
Figure 11-13 Front-End Assembly, Left-Side View 8590L and 8591E
Chapter 11 465
Figure 11-14 Front-End Assembly, Top View 8591C
Figure 11-15 Front-End Assembly, Left-Side View 8591C
466 Chapter 11
Figure 11-16 YTO Assembly 8590L, 8591C, and 8591E
Chapter 11 467
Figure 11-17 A24 Tracking Generator 8590L (Options 010 and 011)
468 Chapter 11
Figure 11-18 A24 Tracking Generator 8591C (Option 011) and 8591E (Options
010 and 011)
Chapter 11 469
Figure 11-19 A3 Front-End Assembly, Top and Left-Side

Views 8592L, 8593E, 8594E, 8594L, 8594Q, 8595E, and 8596E
470 Chapter 11
Figure 11-20 A3 Front-End Assembly, Right-Side View 8592L
Chapter 11 471
Figure 11-21 A3 Front-End Assembly, Right-Side View 8593E
472 Chapter 11
Figure 11-22
Figure 11-22 A3 Front-End Assembly, Right-Side View 8594E and 8594L
Chapter 11 473
Figure 11-23 A3 Front-End Assembly, Right-Side View 8595E and 8596E
474 Chapter 11
Figure 11-24 A3 Front-End Assembly, Rear View with A3A5 Removed 8592L
and 8593E (Options 009 and 010)
Chapter 11 475
Figure 11-25 A3 Front-End Assembly, Rear View with A3A5 Removed 8594E
(Options 009 and 010)
476 Chapter 11
Chapter 11 477
Figure 11-27 A3 Front-End Assembly, Right-Side View 8593E (Options 009

and 010)
478 Chapter 11
Figure 11-28 A3 Front-End Assembly, Right-Side View 8594E (Options 009

and 010)
Chapter 11 479
Figure 11-29 A3 Front-End Assembly, Right-Side View 8595E and 8596E

480 Chapter 11
Chapter 11 481
482 Chapter 11
Chapter 11 483
484 Chapter 11
12 Replaceable Parts
This chapter contains information for identifying and ordering

replacement assemblies for the 8590 E-Series and L-Series spectrum
analyzers, 8591C cable TV analyzers, and 8594Q QAM analyzers. Each
assembly applies to all 8590 E-Series and L-Series spectrum analyzers,
except where specified with the applicable analyzer models.
485
Replaceable Parts
Replaceable Parts
Replaceable Parts
Major assembly and cable location information is given in Chapter 11.
The following tables and figures are also included in this chapter:
• Table 12-1 list reference designations, page 490 begins a list of
abbreviations, and Table 12-2 lists value multipliers used in the
parts lists.
• Table 12-2 lists standard value replacement capacitors.
• Table 12-3 lists standard value replacement resistors, 0.125 W.
• Table 12-4 lists standard value replacement resistors, 0.5 W.
• Table 12-5 lists all major assemblies, and all major mechanical and
electrical parts that are not part of a major assembly.
• Table 12-6 lists the cable assemblies.
• Table 12-7 lists available component-level information packets.
• Figure 12-1 through Figure 12-7 give the analyzer parts
identification information.
NOTE The parts lists, schematics, and component-location diagrams for

the 8590 E-Series and L-Series spectrum analyzers, 8591C cable TV
analyzers, and 8594Q QAM analyzers board assemblies are available
separately in the 8590 Series Analyzers Component-Level Repair
Service Guide.
486 Chapter 12
Replaceable Parts
Ordering Information
Parts can be ordered by addressing the order to the nearest
Agilent Technologies office. Customers within the USA can also use
either the direct mail-order system, or the direct phone-order system
described below. The direct phone-order system has a toll-free phone
number available.
To order an assembly or mechanical part listed in

this chapter:
1. Determine the Agilent Technologies part number.
2. Determine the quantity required.
3. Mail this information to the nearest Agilent Technologies sales and
service office. Refer to Chapter 8 for information about sales and
service offices.
To order a part that is not listed in the replaceable

parts lists:
1. Note the instrument model number.
2. Note the instrument serial number and options, if any (see
instrument rear panel).
3. Describe the part, its location, what it looks like, and its function (if
known).
4. Determine the quantity needed.
5. Mail this information to the nearest Agilent Technologies sales and
service office. Refer to Chapter 12 for information about sales and
service offices.
Chapter 12 487
Replaceable Parts
Direct Mail-Order System

Within the USA, Agilent Technologies can supply parts through a direct
mail-order system. Advantages of using the system are as follows:
• Direct ordering and shipment from Agilent Technologies.
• No maximum or minimum on any mail order. (There is a minimum
order amount for parts ordered through a local
Agilent Technologies office when the orders require billing and
invoicing.)
• Prepaid transportation. (There is a small handling charge for each
order.)
• No invoices.
To provide these advantages, a check or money order must accompany
each order. Mail-order forms and specific ordering information are
available through your local Agilent Technologies office.
Direct Phone-Order System using (800) 227-8164

(U.S. Only)
Within the USA, a phone order system is available for regular and
hotline replacement parts service. A toll-free phone number is
available, and Mastercard and Visa are accepted.
Regular Orders
The toll-free phone number, (800) 227-8164, is available Monday
through Friday, 6 AM to 5 PM (Pacific time). Regular orders have a
four-day delivery time.
Hotline Orders
Hotline service is available 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, for
emergency parts ordering. The toll-free phone number, (800) 227-8164,
is available Monday through Friday, 6 AM to 5 PM (Pacific time).
To cover the cost of freight and special handing, there is an additional
hotline charge on each order (three line items maximum per order).
Hotline orders are normally delivered the next business day after they
are ordered.
488 Chapter 12
Replaceable Parts
Table 12-1 Reference Designations
REFERENCE DESIGNATIONS
A Assembly F Fuse RT Thermistor
AT Attenuator, FL Filter S Switch

Isolator,
HY Circulator T Transformer
Limiter,
Termination
B Fan, Motor J Electrical TB Terminal Board

Connector
BT Battery TC Thermocouple
(Stationary
C Capacitor Portion), TP Test Point
Jack
CP Coupler K Relay U Integrated Circuit,
CR Diode, Diode L Coil, Inductor Microcircuit

Thyristor, Step M Meter V Electron Tube
Recovery Diode, MP Miscellaneous VR Breakdown Diode
Varactor Mechanical Part (Zener),
DC Directional P Electrical Voltage Regulator

Coupler Connector
DL Delay Line (Movable Portion), W Cable, Wire,
Plug Jumper
DS Annunciator, Q Silicon Controlled X Socket

Lamp, Light Rectifier (SCR),
Emitting Diode Transistor, Triode Y Crystal Unit
(LED), Signaling Thyristor (Piezoelectric,
Device (visible) Quartz)
Z Tuned Cavity,
E Miscellaneous R Resistor Tuned Circuit

Electrical Part
Chapter 12 489
Replaceable Parts
Abbreviations
A Across Flats, Acrylic, Air (Dry Method), Ampere
ADJ Adjust, Adjustment
ANSI American National Standards Institute (formerly
USASI-ASA)
ASSY Assembly
AWG American Wire Gage
BCD Binary Coded Decimal
BD Board, Bundle
BE-CU Beryllium Copper
BNC Type of Connector
BRG Bearing, Boring
BRS Brass
BSC Basic
BTN Button
C Capacitance, Capacitor, Center Tapped, Cermet,
Cold, Compression
CD Cadmium, Card, Cord
CER Ceramic
CHAM Chamfer
CHAR Character, Characteristic, Charcoal
CMOS Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor
CNDCT Conducting, Conductive, Conductivity, Conductor
CONT Contact, Continuous, Control, Controller
CONV Converter
CPRSN Compression
CCP Carbon Composition Plastic
CUP-PT Cup Point
CW Clockwise, Continuous Wave
D Deep, Depletion,Depth, Diameter, Direct Current
DA Darlington
DAP-GL Diallyl Phthalate Glass
490 Chapter 12
Replaceable Parts
FT Current Gain Bandwidth Product (Transition

Frequency), Feet, Foot
JFET Junction Field Effect Transistor
DBL Double
DCDR Decoder
DEG Degree
D-HOLE D-Shaped Hole
DIA Diameter
DIP Dual In-Line Package
DIP-SLDR Dip Solder
D-MODE Depletion Mode
DO Package Type Designation
DP Deep, Depth, Dia-metric Pitch, Dip
DP3T Double Pole Three Throw
DPDT Double Pole Double Throw
DWL Dowell
E-R E-Ring
EXT Extended, Extension, External, Extinguish
F Fahrenheit, Farad, Female, Film(Resistor), Fixed,
Flange, Frequency
FC Carbon Film/Composition, Edgeof Cutoff Frequency,
Face
FDTHRU Feedthrough
FEM Female
FIL-HD Fillister Head
FL Flash, Flat, Fluid
FLAT-PT Flat Point
FR Front
FREQ Frequency
FXD Fixed
GEN General, Generator
GND Ground
GP General Purpose, Group
Chapter 12 491
Replaceable Parts
H Henry, High
HEX Hexadecimal, Hexagon, Hexagonal
HDW Hardware
HLCL Helical
HP High Pass
IC Collector Current, Integrated Circuit
ID Identification,Inside Diameter
IF Forward Current, Intermediate Frequency
IN Inch
INCL Including
INT Integral, Intensity, Internal
J-FET Junction Field Effect Transistor
K Kelvin, Key, Kilo, Potassium
KNRLD Knurled
KVDC Kilovolts, Direct Current
LED Light EmittingDiode
LG Length, Long
LIN Linear, Linearity
LK Link, Lock
LKG Leakage, Locking
LUM Luminous
M Male, Maximum, Mega, Mil, Milli, Mode
MA Milliampere
MACH Machined
MAX Maximum
MC Molded CarbonComposition
MET Metal, Metallized
MHZ Megahertz
MINTR Miniature
MIT Miter
MLD Mold, Molded
MM Magnetized Material, Millimeter
492 Chapter 12
Replaceable Parts
MOM Momentary
MTG Mounting
MTLC Metallic
MW Milliwatt
N Nano, None
N-CHAN N-Channel
NH Nanohenry
NM Nanometer, Nonmetallic
NO Normally Open, Number
NOM Nominal
NPN Negative Positive Negative (Transistor)
NS Nanosecond, Non-Shorting, Nose
NUM Numeric
NYL Nylon (Polyamide)
OA Over-All
OD Outside Diameter
OP AMP Operational Amplifier
OPT Optical, Option, Optional
PA Picoampere, PowerAmplifier
PAN-HD Pan Head
PAR Parallel, Parity
PB Lead (Metal),Pushbutton
PC Printed Circuit
PCB Printed Circuit Board
P-CHAN P-Channel
PD Pad, Power Dissipation
PF Picofarad, Power Factor
PKG Package
PLSTC Plastic
PNL Panel
PNP Positive Negative Positive (Transistor)
POLYC Polycarbonate
Chapter 12 493
Replaceable Parts
POLYE Polyester
POT Potentiometer
POZI Pozidriv Recess
PREC Precision
PRP Purple, Purpose
PSTN Piston
PT Part, Point, Pulse Time
PW Pulse Width
Q Figure of Merit
R Range, Red, Resistance, Resistor, Right, Ring
REF Reference
RES Resistance, Resistor
RF Radio Frequency
RGD Rigid
RND Round
RR Rear
RVT Rivet, Riveted
SAWR Surface Acoustic Wave Resonator
SEG Segment
SGL Single
SI Silicon, Square Inch
SL Slide, Slow
SLT Slot, Slotted
SMA Subminiature, A Type (ThreadedConnector)
SMC Subminiature, C-Type (ThreadedConnector)
SMB Subminiature, B Type (Slip-onConnector)
SPCG Spacing
SPDT Single Pole Double Throw
SPST Single Pole Single Throw
SQ Square
SST Stainless Steel
STL Steel
494 Chapter 12
Replaceable Parts
SUBMIN Subminiature
SZ Size
T Teeth, Temperature, Thickness, Time, Timed,
Tooth, Typical
TA Ambient Temperature, Tantalum
TC Temperature Coefficient
THD Thread, Threaded
THK Thick
TO Package Type Designation
TPG Tapping
TR-HD Truss Head
TRMR Trimmer
TRN Turn, Turns
TRSN Torsion
UCD Microcandela
UF Microfarad
UH Microhenry
UL Microliter, Underwriters' Laboratories, Inc.
UNHDND Unhardened
V Variable, Violet, Volt, Voltage
VAC Vacuum, Volts—Alternating Current
VAR Variable
VDC Volts—Direct Current
W Watt, Wattage, White, Wide, Width
W/SW With Switch
WW Wire Wound
X By (Used withDimensions), Reactance
YIG Yttrium-Iron-Garnet
ZNR Zener
Chapter 12 495
Replaceable Parts
MULTIPLIERS
Abbreviation Prefix Multiple Abbreviation Prefix Multiple
T tera 1012 m milli 10−3

G giga 109 µ micro 10−6
M mega 106 n nano 10−9
k kilo 103 p pico 10−12

da deka 10 f femto 10−15
d deci 10−1 a atto 10−18
c centi 10−2
496 Chapter 12
Replaceable Parts

Table 12-2 Standard Value Replacement Capacitors
Capacitors
Type: Tubular Type: Dipped Mica
Range: 1 to 24 pF Range: 27 to 470 pF
Tolerance: 1 to 9.1 pF = ±0.25 pF Tolerance: ±5%
10 to 24 pF = ±5%
Value (pF) Part CD Value Part CD
Number (pF) Number
1.0 0160-2236 8 27 0160-2306 3
1.2 0160-2237 9 30 0160-2199 2
1.5 0150-0091 8 33 0160-2150 5
1.8 0160-2239 1 36 0160-2308 5
2.0 0160-2240 4 39 0140-0190 7
2.2 0160-2241 5 43 0160-2200 6
2.4 0160-2242 6 47 0160-2307 4
2.7 0160-2243 7 51 0160-2201 7
3.0 0160-2244 8 56 0140-0191 8
3.3 0150-0059 8 62 0140-0205 5
3.6 0160-2246 0 68 0140-0192 9
3.9 0160-2247 1 75 0160-2202 8
4.3 0160-2248 2 82 0140-0193 0
4.7 0160-2249 3 91 0160-2203 9
5.1 0160-2250 6 100 0160-2204 0
5.6 0160-2251 7 110 0140-0194 1
6.2 0160-2252 8 120 0160-2205 1
6.8 0160-2253 9 130 0140-0195 2
7.5 0160-2254 0 150 0140-0196 3
8.2 0160-2255 1 160 0160-2206 2
9.1 0160-2256 2 180 0140-0197 4
10.0 0160-2257 3 200 0140-0198 5
11.0 0160-2258 4 220 0160-0134 1
12.0 0160-2259 5 240 0140-0199 6
13.0 0160-2260 8 270 0140-0210 2
15.0 0160-2261 9 300 0160-2207 3
16.0 0160-2262 0 330 0160-2208 4
18.0 0160-2263 1 360 0160-2209 5
20.0 0160-2264 2 390 0140-0200 0
22.0 0160-2265 3 430 0160-0939 4
24.0 0160-2266 4 470 0160-3533 0
Chapter 12 497
Replaceable Parts
Table 12-3 Standard Value Replacement Resistors, 0.125 W

Resistors
Type: Fixed-Film
Range: 10Ω to 464 KΩ
Wattage: 0.125 at 125°C
Tolerance: ±1.0%
Value (Ω) Part CD Value (Ω) Part CD
Number Number
10.0 0757-0346 2 422 0698-3447 4

11.0 0757-0378 0 464 0698-0082 7
12.1 0757-0379 1 511 0757-0416 7
13.3 0698-3427 0 562 0757-0417 8
14.7 0698-3428 1 619 0757-0418 9
16.2 0757-0382 6 681 0757-0419 0
17.8 0757-0294 9 750 0757-0420 3
19.6 0698-3429 2 825 0757-0421 4
21.5 0698-3430 5 909 0757-0422 5
23.7 0698-3431 6 1.0K 0757-0280 3
26.1 0698-3432 7 1.1K 0757-0424 7
28.7 0698-3433 8 1.21K 0757-0274 5
31.6 0757-0180 2 1.33K 0757-0317 7
34.8 0698-3434 9 1.47K 0757-1094 9
38.3 0698-3435 0 1.62K 0757-0428 1
42.2 0757-0316 6 1.78K 0757-0278 9
46.4 0698-4037 0 1.96K 0698-0083 8
51.1 0757-0394 0 2.15K 0698-0084 9
56.2 0757-0395 1 2.37K 0698-3150 6
61.9 0757-0276 7 2.61K 0698-0085 0
68.1 0757-0397 3 2.87K 0698-3151 7
75.0 0757-0398 4 3.16K 0757-0279 0
82.5 0757-0399 5 3.48K 0698-3152 8
90.9 0757-0400 9 3.83K 0698-3153 9
100 0757-0401 0 4.22K 0698-3154 0
110 0757-0402 1 4.64K 0698-3155 1
121 0757-0403 2 5.11K 0757-0438 3
133 0698-3437 2 5.62K 0757-0200 7
147 0698-3438 3 6.19K 0757-0290 5
162 0757-0405 4 6.81K 0757-0439 4
178 0698-3439 4 7.50K 0757-0440 7
196 0698-3440 7 8.25K 0757-0441 8
498 Chapter 12
Replaceable Parts
Table 12-3 Standard Value Replacement Resistors, 0.125 W (Continued)

Resistors
Type: Fixed-Film
Range: 10Ω to 464 KΩ
Tolerance: ±1.0%
Number Number
215 0698-3441 8 9.09K 0757-0288 1
237 0698-3442 9 10.0K 0757-0442 9
261 0698-3132 4 11.0K 0757-0443 0
287 0698-3443 0 12.1K 0757-0444 1
316 0698-3444 1 13.3K 0757-0289 2
348 0698-3445 2 14.7K 0698-3156 2
383 0698-3446 3 16.2K 0757-0447 4
17.8K 0698-3136 8 100K 0757-0465 6
19.6K 0698-3157 3 110K 0757-0466 7
21.5K 0757-0199 3 121K 0757-0467 8
23.7K 0698-3158 4 133K 0698-3451 0
26.1K 0698-3159 5 147K 0698-3452 1
28.7K 0698-3449 6 162K 0757-0470 3
31.6K 0698-3160 8 178K 0698-3243 8
34.8K 0757-0123 3 196K 0698-3453 2
38.3K 0698-3161 9 215K 0698-3454 3
42.2K 0698-3450 9 237K 0698-3266 5
46.4K 0698-3162 0 261K 0698-3455 4
51.1K 0757-0458 7 287K 0698-3456 5
56.2K 0757-0459 8 316K 0698-3457 6
61.9K 0757-0460 1 348K 0698-3458 7
68.1K 0757-0461 2 383K 0698-3459 8
75.0K 0757-0462 3 422K 0698-3460 1
82.5K 0757-0463 4 464K 0698-3260 9
90.9K 0757-0464 5
Chapter 12 499
Replaceable Parts
Table 12-4 Standard Value Replacement Resistors, 0.5 W

Resistors
Type: Fixed-Film
Range: 10Ω to 1.47 MΩ
Tolerance: ±1.0%
Number Number
10.0 0757-0984 4 383 0698-3404 3

11.0 0575-0985 5 422 0698-3405 4
12.1 0757-0986 6 464 0698-0090 7
13.3 0757-0001 6 511 0757-0814 9
14.7 0698-3388 2 562 0757-0815 0
16.2 0757-0989 9 619 0757-0158 4
17.8 0698-3389 3 681 0757-0816 1
19.6 0698-3390 6 750 0757-0817 2
21.5 0698-3391 7 825 0757-0818 3
23.7 0698-3392 8 909 0757-0819 4
26.1 0757-0003 8 1.00K 0757-0159 5
28.7 0698-3393 9 1.10K 0757-0820 7
31.6 0698-3394 0 1.21K 0757-0821 8
34.8 0698-3395 1 1.33K 0698-3406 5
38.3 0698-3396 2 1.47K 0757-1078 9
42.2 0698-3397 3 1.62K 0757-0873 0
46.4 0698-3398 4 1.78K 0698-0089 4
51.1 0757-1000 7 1.96K 0698-3407 6
56.2 0757-1001 8 2.15K 0698-3408 7
61.9 0757-1002 9 2.37K 0698-3409 8
68.1 0757-0794 4 2.61K 0698-0024 7
75.0 0757-0795 5 2.87K 0698-3101 7
82.5 0757-0796 6 3.16K 0698-3410 1
90.0 0757-0797 7 3.48K 0698-3411 2
100 0757-0198 2 3.83K 0698-3412 3
110 0757-0798 8 4.22K 0698-3346 2
121 0757-0799 9 4.64K 0698-3348 4
133 0698-3399 5 5.11K 0757-0833 2
147 0698-3400 9 5.62K 0757-0834 3
162 0757-0802 5 6.19K 0757-0196 0
178 0698-3334 8 6.81K 0757-0835 4
196 0757-1060 9 7.50K 0757-0836 5
500 Chapter 12
Replaceable Parts
Table 12-4 Standard Value Replacement Resistors, 0.5 W (Continued)

Resistors
Type: Fixed-Film
Range: 10Ω to 1.47 MΩ
Tolerance: ±1.0%
Number Number
215 0698-3401 0 8.25K 0757-0837 6
237 0698-3102 8 9.09K 0757-0838 7
261 0757-1090 5 10.0K 0757-0839 8
287 0757-1092 7 12.1K 0757-0841 2
316 0698-3402 1 13.3K 0698-3413 4
348 0698-3403 2 14.7K 0698-3414 5
16.2K 0757-0844 5 162K 0757-0130 2
17.8K 0698-0025 8 178K 0757-0129 9
19.6K 0698-3415 6 196K 0757-0063 0
21.5K 0698-3416 7 215K 0757-0127 7
23.7K 0698-3417 8 237K 0698-3424 7
26.1K 0698-3418 9 261K 0757-0064 1
28.7K 0698-3103 9 287K 0757-0154 0
31.6K 0698-3419 0 316K 0698-3425 8
34.8K 0698-3420 3 348K 0757-0195 9
38.3K 0698-3421 4 383K 0757-0133 5
42.2K 0698-3422 5 422K 0757-0134 6
46.4K 0698-3423 6 464K 0698-3426 9
51.1K 0757-0853 6 511K 0757-0135 7
56.2K 0757-0854 7 562K 0757-0868 3
61.9K 0757-0309 7 619K 0757-0136 8
68.1K 0757-0855 8 681K 0757-0869 4
75.0K 0757-0856 9 750K 0757-0137 9
82.5K 0757-0857 0 825K 0757-0870 7
90.9K 0757-0858 1 909K 0757-0138 0
100K 0757-0367 7 1M 0757-0059 4
110K 0757-0859 2 1.1M 0757-0139 1
121K 0757-0860 5 1.21M 0757-0871 8
133K 0757-0310 0 1.33M 0757-0194 8
147K 0698-3175 5 1.47M 0698-3464 5
Chapter 12 501
Replaceable Parts
Table 12-5 Assembly-Level Replaceable Parts
Reference Description CD Part

Designator Number
A1A1 Keyboard
All 8590 E-Series and L-Series spectrum analyzers, 4 08590-60201
8591C cable TV analyzers, and 8594Q QAM analyzers
A1A2 Rotary Pulse Generator

All 8590 E-Series and L-Series spectrum analyzers, 5
Old Style
0960-0745
New Style
1990-1525
A1R1 Volume-Intensity Dual Pot Assembly

All 8590 E-Series spectrum analyzers, 8591C cable TV 1 08590-60133
analyzers, and 8594Q QAM analyzers
All 8590 L-Series spectrum analyzers 08590-60041
A2 Display
A3 Input Attenuator
8590L and 8591E 2 0955-0453
8591C 2 0955-0700
Front End (Includes A3A1 through A3A15)

8592L, 8593E, 8594E, 8594L, 8594Q, See A3A5
8595E, and 8596E
A3A1 Comb Generator

8592L, 8593E, and 8596E 9 08592-60098
A3A1A1 Comb Generator Board (part of A3A1)

8592L, 8593E, and 8596E 4 08569-60026
A3A2 Microwave Switch

8592L and 8593E 3 33314-60011
8592L and 8593E, (Option 026 and Option 027) 4 33314-60012
A3A3 Low-Pass Filter

8592L, 8593E, 8594E, 8594L, 8594Q, 3 0955-0420
8595E, and 8596E
502 Chapter 12
Replaceable Parts
Table 12-5 Assembly-Level Replaceable Parts (Continued)

Designator Number
A3A4 Second Converter

8592L, 8593E, 8594E, 8594L, 8594Q, 5086-7958
8595E, and 8596E
A3A5 Input Attenuator

8592L and 8593E 4 33321-60039
8592L and 8593E, (Options 026 and 027) 3 33321-60038
8594E, 8594L, 8594Q, and 8595E 1 33321-60036
8596E 2 33321-60037
A3A6 Dual Mixer

8592L, 8593E, 8595E, and 8596E 2 5086-7952
Low Band Mixer

8594E, 8594L, and 8594Q 5086-7748
A3A7 Yig-Tuned Oscillator (YTO)

8592L, 8593E, 8594E, 8594L, 8594Q, 3 5086-7903
8595E, and 8596E
A3A8 Yig-Tuned Filter (YTF)

8592L and 8593E 8 0955-0277
8592L and 8593E, (Options 026 and 027) 9 5086-7850
Switched Yig-Tuned Filter (SYTF)

8595E 2 5086-7803
8596E 5 5086-7880
A3A9 Bandpass Filter Assembly

8592L, 8593E, 8594E, 8594L, 8594Q, 0 9135-0252
8595E, and 8596E
A3A10 Directional Coupler

8593E, 8594E, 8594L, 8595E, and 8596E 1 0955-0098
A3A11 Step Recovery Diode

8592L, 8593E, and 8596E 3 0955-0149
A3A12 3 dB Attenuator
8592L, 8593E, and 8596E 3 0955-0412
Chapter 12 503
Replaceable Parts

Designator Number
A3A13 Isolator
8592L, 8593E, 8594E, 8594L, 8594Q, 8595E, 1 0955-0204
and 8596E
A3A14 LO Distribution Amplifier (LODA)

8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and 8596E 0 5086-7744
A3A15 Tracking Generator

8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and 8596E 5 5086-7917
Tracking Generator Exchange

8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and 8596E 3 5086-6917
A3A16 Output Attenuator

8593E, 8594E, 8594Q, 8595E, and 8596E 0 0955-0679
A3A17 Preamp Control

8594Q (Option 190) 0955-1024
A3A18 Coax Switch

8594Q (Option 190) 33312-60006
A4 First Converter
8590L, 8591C, and 8591E 9 08590-60214
A5 Second Converter
8590L, 8591C, and 8591E 1 08590-60117
A5A1 Tripler
8590L, 8591C, and 8591E 08590-60155
A6 Yig-Tuned Oscillator (YTO), 2-4 GHz

8590L 0955-0974
8591C and 8591E 0955-0974
A6A1 YIG Board

8590L, 8591C, and 8591E 7 5062-4888
504 Chapter 12
Replaceable Parts

Designator Number
A7 Analog Interface
8590L and 8591E 7 08590-60197

8591C 8 08591-60072
8592L and 8593E 08592-60108
8594E, 8594L, and 8594Q 1 08594-60030
8595E and 8596E 2 08595-60022
A7A1 Tracking Generator Control

8590L, 8591C, and 8591E 6 08590-60196
A8 Power Supply
All 8590 E-Series and L-Series spectrum 8 5062-8229
analyzers, 8591C cable TV analyzers, and 8594Q QAM
analyzers
Power Supply Exchange

All 8590 E-Series and L-Series spectrum analyzers 08590-69005
and 8591C cable TV analyzers
A9 Third Converter
8590L and 8591E (50 Ω input) 9 08591-60081
8590L, 8591C, and 8591E (75 Ω input) 6 08590-60344
All 8590 E-Series and 8592L spectrum analyzers, 8 08593-60062

and 8594Q QAM analyzers
A10 LO Distribution Amplifier (LODA) Control for

Option 009
3 5062-8232
8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and 8596E
Tracking Generator Control for Option 010

8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and 8596E 5 5063-0635
A11 Bandwidth Board

All 8590 E-Series and L-Series spectrum analyzers, 08590-60398
A12 Amplitude Control Board

Chapter 12 505
Replaceable Parts

Designator Number
A13 Bandwidth Board

All 8590 E-Series and L-Series spectrum 08590-60398
analyzers
A14 Log Amplifier Board

analyzers
A15 Motherboard
8590L, 8592L, and 8594L 3 08590-60218
8591C, 8591E, 8593E, 8594E, 8594Q, 8595E, 6 08591-60062
and 8596E
A16 Processor Board

All 8590 E-Series and L-Series spectrum analyzers 4 08590-60416
and 8591C cable TV analyzers
8594Q 08594-60054
A16A1 2X Memory Board

analyzers, 8591C cable TV analyzer, and 8594Q QAM
analyzers
A16A1BT1 Battery
analyzers, 8591C cable TV analyzer, and 8594Q QAM
analyzers
A17 Memory Card
analyzers
A22 10 MHz Reference

8591C cable TV analyzers and 8594Q QAM analyzers
equipped with Option 704
10 MHz Precision Frequency Reference

8591E, 8593E, 8594E, 8594Q, 8595E and 8596E 4 1813-0644
(Option 004), 8591C, and 8594Q
506 Chapter 12
Replaceable Parts

Designator Number
A24 Tracking Generator RF (Includes A24A1 through

A24FL1)
N/A
8590L, 8591C, and 8591E
A24A1 Tripler
8590L, 8591C, and 8591E 6 5086-7807
A24A2 Tracking Converter

8590L, 8591C, and 8591E 6 08590-60146
A24A3 Amplifier/Detector
8590L, 8591C, and 8591E 7 5086-7808
A24A4 Output Attenuator

8591C and 8591E 2 0955-0453
A24FL1 Low-Pass Filter

8590L, 8591C, and 8591E 8 0955-0491
A25 Counter Lock Board

8590L, 8591C, 8591E, 8592L, 8593E, 8595E, 08591-60098
and 8596E
8594E, 8594L and 8594Q 08594-60088
A25A1 Sampler Assembly

8590L, 8591C, 8591E, 8592L, 8593E, 8595E, 5086-7806
and 8596E
8594E, 8594L, and 8594Q 5086-7956
A26 Preamp Assembly

8594Q 08594-60067
A40 IB and Parallel Interface Board

analyzers, 8591C cable TV analyzers and 8594Q QAM
analyzers equipped with Option 041
A40A1 IB and Parallel Interface Connector

and 8591C cable TV analyzers and 8594Q QAM
analyzers (Option 041)
Chapter 12 507
Replaceable Parts

Designator Number
A41 RS-232 and Parallel Interface Board

All 8590 E-Series and L-Series spectrum analyzers 08590-60366
A41A1 RS-232 and Parallel Interface Connector

A41/A43 Dual I/O Board

8591C, 8591E, 8593E, 8594E, 8594L, 8594Q, 08590-60366
8595E, and 8596E (Option 041 or Option 043)
A101 Fast ADC Board

8591C, or 8591E, 8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and 8596E
(Option 101)
4 5062-7079
A102 Demod/TV-Sync Board

8591C, or 8591E, 8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and 8596E 6 5062-1982
(Option 102)
A103 Demod/QPD Board

8591E, 8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and 8596E (Option 103) 7 5062-1983
A105 Gated Video Board

8591C, or 8591E, 8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and 8596E 2 5062-7754
(Option 105)
A110 CELLULAR DEMOD/TV

8591E, 8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and 8596E (Option 110) 1 5063-0234
A111 Event Control Board

8593E (Options E02, E04) 7 5063-0214
A119 Noise Card Board

8591C, 8591E, 8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and 8596E 3 5062-8258
(Option 119)
A130 Narrow Bandwidth Board

8591C, 8591E, 8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and 8596E 7 08590-60352
(Option 130)
508 Chapter 12
Replaceable Parts

Designator Number
A151 Down Converter Assembly

8591E, 8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and 8596E (Option 151) 5062-8246
A160 DSP Assembly

8591E, 8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and 8596E (Option 160) 5062-8245
without firmware
8591E, 8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and 8596E (Option 160) 08591-60101
with firmware
A163 DSP Assembly (GSM/DCS Formats)

8591E, 8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and 8596E (Option 163) 5062-0577
with firmware
A190A1 Downconverter (RF) Assembly

8594Q (Option 190) 08594-60052
A190A2 Demod Assembly

8594Q (Option 190) 08594-60084
A190A3 DSP
8594Q (Option 190) 08594-60051
AT1 Isolator (2 to 4 GHz)

8591C only 0960-0084
10 dB Attenuator
0955-0122
8592L, 8593E, 8594E, 8594L, 8594Q, 8595E,
and 8596E
AT2 50 Ohm Termination

8590L and 8591E 9 0960-0053
8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and 8596E 3 1250-2289
B1 Fan (includes cable assembly)

analyzers
F1 Fuse 5.0 A 250 V F

Chapter 12 509
Replaceable Parts

Designator Number
FL1 Low-Pass Filter 4.4 GHz

8592L, 8593E, 8594E, 8594L, 8594Q, 8595E, 1 0955-0519
and 8596E
Low-Pass Filter 4.9 GHz

8590L, 8591C, and 8591E 2 9135-0048
J1 Input 50 Ω
8590L, 8591E, 8594E, 8594L, and 8594Q 6 1250-2191
8592L, 8593E, 8595E, and 8596E 1250-2180
8592L and 8593E Option 026
08673-60040
8592L and 8593E Option 027
5063-0230
Input 75 Ω (MLA)
8591C 0955-1005
8590L, and 8591E (Option 001) 0955-1005
J3 RF OUT 50 Ω
8590L and 8591E Option 010 1250-2191
8593E, 8594E, 8594Q, 8595E, and 8596E Option 010 1250-2191
TG-RF OUT 50 Ω
8593E Option 026 5061-5311
RF OUT 75 Ω (MLA)
8590L, 8591C, and 8591E Option 011 0955-1005
510 Chapter 12
Replaceable Parts
Table 12-6 Replaceable Cables
Reference Description CD Part Number

Designator
W1 CABLE ASSY WITH LINE SWITCH, A1 TO A16J9

All 8590 Series analyzers 2 5062-4809
W2 CABLE ASSY, DISPLAY VIDEO, A2 TO A16J8

All 8590 -Series analyzers 7 5063-0602
W3 CABLE ASSY, INTENSITY, WITHOUT

POTENTIOMETER, A1R1 TO A2
W4 CABLE ASSY, KEYBOARD, A1A1J1 TO A16J10

W5 CABLE ASSY, PROBE POWER, WITH FILTER,

WITHOUT CONNECTOR, A1A1 TO A1
W6 JUMPER, 10 MHz REF OUTPUT TO EXT REF IN

W7 CABLE ASSY, CAL OUTPUT, A9J2 TO A1

8590L, 8591C, and 8591E (75 Ω) 3 08590-60028
8590L, 8592L, 8591E, 8593E, 6 8120-5052
8594E, 8594L, 8594Q, 8595E, and 8596E (50 Ω)
W8 CABLE ASSY, 600 MHz DRVR, A9J5 TO A3A4J4

8592L, 8593E, 8594E, 8594Q, 8 8120-5020
8595E, and 8596E
CABLE ASSY, 600 MHz DRVR, A9J5 TO A5J5

8590L, 8591C, and 8591E 8 8120-5020
W9 CABLE ASSY, 2ND IF, A5J2 TO A9J4

8590L, 8591C, and 8591E 1 8120-5023
CABLE ASSY, 2ND IF, A3A9J2 TO A9J4

8592L, 8593E, 8594E, 8594L, 1 8120-5106
8594Q, 8595E, and 8596E
Chapter 12 511
Replaceable Parts
Table 12-6 Replaceable Cables (Continued)

Designator
W10 CABLE ASSY, RF INPUT, J1 TO A3
8590L and 8591E 5 08590-20157

8590L and 8591E (75 Ω input) 6 08590-20182
8591C 6 08591-20058
CABLE ASSY, RF INPUT, J1 TO A3A5J1
8592L, 8593E, 8594E, 8594L, 5 08592-20056

8594Q, 8595E, and 8596E
8592L and 8593E (OPTION 027) 5 08593-20013
8592L and 8593E (OPTION 026) 1 08593-20001
W11 CABLE ASSY, ATTENUATOR OUTPUT, A3 TO A4J1
8590L and 8591E 5 08590-20110

8591C 08591-20057
CABLE ASSY, ATTENUATOR OUTPUT, A3A5J2 TO

A3A2J1
8592L and 8593E 7 08592-20066

8594E, 8594L, and 8594Q 3 08594-20002
8595E, and 8596E 4 08595-20002
W12 CABLE ASSY, YTO DRIVER, A7J3 TO A3A7

8590L, 8591C, and 8591E 2 08590-60035
CABLE ASSY, YTO DRIVER, A7J3 TO A3A7

8592L, 8593E, 8594E, 8594L, 4 08592-60019
8594Q, 8595E, and 8596E
512 Chapter 12
Replaceable Parts

Designator
W13 CABLE ASSY, POWER CONTROL, A7J2 TO A3/A5
8590L and 8591E 6 08590-60138

8591C 3 8120-6338
CABLE ASSY, POWER CONTROL, A7J2 TO

A3A1/A3A2/A3A6
8592L and 8593E 2 8120-5561
8595E 7 5063-0206
8596E 2 5062-7787
W14 CABLE ASSY, COUNTER LOCK/MEMORY CARD

CONTROL, A16J2 TO A17J1/A25J4
All 8590 Series analyzers except 8590L with Option 713 0 8120-5535
W15 CABLE ASSY, PRECISION FREQUENCY

REFERENCE POWER, A25J3 TO A22

8591C, 8594Q, or 8590 Series analyzers (Option 004) 6 5063-0205
W17 CABLE ASSY, 10 MHz OUTPUT, A22J1 TO REAR

PANEL
8590 E-Series and L-Series spectrum analyzers 7 08591-60013

and 8591C
W18 CABLE ASSY, EXT REF IN
8590 E-Series and L-Series spectrum analyzers 3 08591-60009
and 8591C
W19 CABLE ASSY, COUNT IF, A25J5 TO A15J8

8590 E-Series and L-Series spectrum analyzers, 6 08591-60012
W20 CABLE ASSY, SAMPLER LO DRIVE A3A10 TO AT1

8592L, 8593E, 8594E, 8594L, 5 8120-5068
8594Q, 8595E, and 8596E
Chapter 12 513
Replaceable Parts

Designator
W21 CABLE ASSY, 300 MHz COUNT LOCK DRIVE, A9J3

TO A25J1
8590L, 8591C, 8591E, 8592L, 4 08591-60010

8593E, 8595E, and 8596E
W22 CABLE ASSY, FIRST CONVERTER OUTPUT, A4J3

TO FL1
8590L and 8591E 2 08590-20203

8591C 2 08590-20112
CABLE ASSY, FIRST MIXER HI BAND, A3A6J5 TO

A3A4J3
8592L, 8593E, 8595E, and 8596E 3 8120-5067
W23 CABLE ASSY, LPF TO SECOND CONVERTER, FL1

TO A5J1
8590L and 8591E 3 08590-20204
CABLE ASSY, AT1 TO SECOND CONVERTER, AT1

TO A5J1
8591C 08590-20113
CABLE ASSY, 2ND CONV. 321.4 MHz OUT, A3A4J2
TO A3A9J1
8592L, 8593E, 8594E, 8594L,

8594Q, 8595E, and 8596E 2 8120-5058
W24 CABLE ASSY, YTO OUTPUT, A6 TO A4J2

8590L, 8591C, and 8591E 1 08590-20111
CABLE ASSY, COMB GENERATOR OUTPUT,

A3A1J1 TO A3A11
8592L, 8593E, 8596E 1 08592-60058
514 Chapter 12
Replaceable Parts

Designator
W25 CABLE ASSY, 707 MHz, A7A1J6 TO A24A1J1

8590L and 8591E 9 08590-60131
CABLE ASSY, YTF INPUT, A3A2 TO A3A8J1

8592L and 8593E 9 08592-20068
8592L and 8593E (Options 026 and 027) 0 08592-20069
W26 CABLE ASSY, TG TRIPLER OUTPUT, A24A1J2 TO

A24A2J1
8590L, 8591C, and 8591E 4 08590-20180
CABLE ASSY, 2.9 GHZ LPF IN, A3A2 TO A3A3J1
8592L and 8593E 8 08592-20067
8595E and 8596E 5 08595-20003
W27 CABLE ASSY, TG LO INPUT, A4J5 TO A24A2J2

8590L and 8591E (Option 010) 9 08590-20177
CABLE ASSY, 2.9 GHZ LPF OUT, A3A3J2 TO A3A6J
8592L, 8593E, 8595E, and 8596E 5 08592-20048

8593E, 8595E, and 8596E (Option 010) 2 08593-20010
8594E, 8594L, and 8594Q 4 08594-20003
W28 CABLE ASSY, CONVERTER OUTPUT, A24A2J3 TO

FL1
8590L AND 8591E (Option 010) 0 08590-20178
CABLE ASSY, YTF OUT, A3A8J2 TO A3A6J3

8592L AND 8593E 5 1250-1788
CABLE ASSY, SYTF OUT, A3A2J2 TO A3A6J3

8595E AND 8596E 5 1250-1788
Chapter 12 515
Replaceable Parts

Designator
W29 CABLE ASSY, LPF/AMPLIFIER, A24FL1 TO

A24A3J1
8590L AND 8591E (Option 010) 0 08590-20186
CABLE ASSY, FIRST MIXER LOW BAND, A3A6J2

TO FL1J1
8592L, 8593E, 8595E, and 8596E 3 08593-20011
8594E, 8594L, and 8594Q 4 08594-20011
W30 CABLE ASSY, LPF OUTPUT, FL1J2 TO A3A4J1
8592L, 8593E, 8594E, 8594L, 4 08593-20012

8594Q, 8595E, and 8596E
CABLE ASSY, AMP-DET/ATTN, A24A3 TO A24A4
8591E Options 010 and 011 8 08590-20179
W31 CABLE ASSY, ATTN/TG OUT, A24A4 TO J3

8591E Options 010 and 011 7 5062-0761
CABLE ASSY, YTO OUTPUT, A3A7J2 TO A3A13J1
8592L, 8593E, 8595E, and 8596E 2 08592-20053

8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and 8596E (Option 009, 010) 4 08593-20004
CABLE ASSY, YTO OUTPUT, A3A7J2 TO A3A13J1

8594E, 8594L, and 8594Q 9 08594-20008
W32 CABLE ASSY, ISOLATOR OUTPUT, A3A13J2 TO

A3A10
8592L 5 08592-20064
8593E, 8595E, and 8596E 1 08592-20052
8594E, 8594L, and 8594Q 0 08594-20009
CABLE ASSY, AMPLIFIER-DETECTOR OUTPUT,

A24A3 to A7A1J2
8590L, 8591E, Option 010 and Option 011 8120-5105

8591C, Option 011 8120-5105
516 Chapter 12
Replaceable Parts

Designator
W33 CABLE ASSY, TRACKING GENERATOR POWER

8590L, 8591C, AND 8591E 3 08590-60143
CABLE ASSY, DIR. CPLR. OUTPUT, A3A10 TO

A3A6J4
6 08592-20065
8593E, 8594E, 8594L, 8595E, and 8596E
CABLE ASSY, LODA TO DUAL MIXER, A3A14J2 TO

A3A6J4
3 08593-20003
8593E, 8595E, and 8596E (Options 009 and 010)
1 08592-20052
8594E and 8594Q
CABLE ASSY, LODA TO LOW BAND MIXER

8594E (Options 009 and 010) 5 08594-20004
W34 CABLE ASSY, YTF DRIVER, A7J301 TO A3A8

8592L, 8593E, 8595E, and 8596E 3 08592-60018
W35 CABLE ASSY, 2ND CONV DRIVER, A7J4 TO

A3A4J5
8592L, 8593E, 8594E, 8594L, 3 5062-6434

8594Q, 8595E, and 8596E
W36 CABLE ASSY, ATTENUATOR DRIVER, A7J5 TO

A3A5
8592L, 8593E, 8594E, 8594L, 8 5062-4813

8594Q, 8595E, and 8596E
W37 CABLE ASSY, COMB GENERATOR OUTPUT, A3A12

TO J2
8592L, 8593E, AND 8596E 2 08592-20061
W38 CABLE ASSY, LODA DRIVE, A10J2 TO A3A14

8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and 8596E (Option 010) 9 08593-60009
W39 CABLE ASSY, TRACKING GENERATOR

CONTROL, A10J1 TO A3A15J
8593E, 8594E,8595E, and 8596E (Option 010) 5 5062-7715
W40 CABLE ASSY, 600 MHz TRACKING GENERATOR

DRIVE, A3A15J8 TO A9J7
8 8120-5020
8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and 8596E (Option 010)
Chapter 12 517
Replaceable Parts

Designator
W41 CABLE ASSY, FIRST LO, A3A14J3 TO ASA15J4

8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and 8596E (Option 010) 2 08593-20002
W42 CABLE ASSY, FIRST LO OUTPUT, A3A15J3 TO

REAR PANEL
8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and 8596E (Options 009 and 010) 0 5062-7710
W43 CABLE ASSY, TG OUT, A3A16 TO J3

8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and 8596E (Option 010) 08593-20009
W47 CABLE ASSY, EXT ALC INPUT, REAR PANEL TO

A3A15J6
8592L, 8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and 8596E (Option 010) 6 08560-60001
W48 CABLE ASSY, SWEEP + TUNE OUTPUT, A7J6 TO

REAR PANEL
8592L, 8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and 8596E (Option 009) 6 8120-5401
W49 CABLE ASSY, TRACKING GENERATOR OUTPUT,

A3A15J2 TO A3A16
8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and 8596E (Option 010) 8 08593-20008
W50 CABLE ASSY, TG ATTENUATOR DRIVE, A10J3 TO

A3A16
8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and 8596E (Option 010) 5 8120-5530
W101 CABLE ASSY, TV TRIGGER OUTPUT, A102J2 TO

REAR PANEL
8591E, 8593E, 8594E, 8595E, and 8596E (Option 101) 9 08591-60024
W102 CABLE ASSY, VOLUME CONTROL, A1R1 TO A102

8591C, or 8591E, 8593E, 8594E, 4 08590-60136
8595E, and 8596E (Option 102)
W104 CABLE ASSY, HEADPHONE, A102 TO REAR

PANEL
8591C, 8591E, 8593E, 8594E, 3 08590-60135
8595E, and 8596E (Options 102 and 103)
518 Chapter 12
Replaceable Parts

Designator
W130 CABLE ASSY, A130 TO A14

8591C, 8591E, 8593E, 8594E, 8 8120-5020
8595E, and 8596E (Option 130)
W131 CABLE ASSY, A130 TO A15J200

8591C, 8591E, 8593E, 8594E, 0 8120-5030
8595E, and 8596E (Option 130)
W132 CABLE ASSY, TV TRIGGER IN, A107J9 TO A102

Option 107 4 08591-60078
W133 CABLE ASSY, AUDIO IN, A107P2 TO A26

Option 107 2 5062-3447
W134 CABLE ASSY, TV MONITOR OUT, A107J8 TO REAR

PANEL
Option 107 8 08591-60080
W135 CABLE ASSY, TUNER CONTROL, A107 TO A26

AND A16 TO A107P11
Option 107 1 5062-3446
W136 CABLE ASSY, TV IN, FRONT PANEL TO A26

8591C (Option 107) 1 08591-60075
CABLE ASSY, TV IN, REAR PANEL TO A26
8590 E-Series (Option 107)
0 5062-3445
W137 CABLE ASSY, TV IF IN, A26 to A107J6

8591C (Option 105) 5 08591-60079
W138 CABLE ASSY, GATE TRIGGER IN, REAR PANEL

TO A16J501
8590 E-Series (Option 105) factory installed time-gated 2 08591-60076
analyzers only
W139 CABLE ASSY, GATE OUT, REAR PANEL TO

A16J500
8590 E-Series (Option 105) factory installed time-gated 3 08591-60077
analyzers only
W190 CABLE ASSY, GREY, A190A1 PORT A TO A190A2

PORT A
8594Q (Option 190) 8120-6990
Chapter 12 519
Replaceable Parts

Designator
W191 CABLE ASSY, RED, A190A1 PORT B TO A190A2

PORT B
8594Q (Option 190) 8120-6990
W192 CABLE ASSY, VIOLET, A190A1 PORT C TO A190A2

PORT C
8594Q (Option 190) 8120-6990
W193 CABLE ASSY, BROWN, A190A2 IN TO A3 RF

ASSEMBLY
8594Q (Option 190) 8120-6991
W194 CABLE ASSY, GREEN, A190A2 OUT TO IF

ASSEMBLY J4
8594Q (Option 190) 8120-8334
W195 CABLE ASSY, RIBBON, A190A2 TO A190A3

8594Q (Option 190) 8120-6986
W196 CABLE ASSY, YELLOW, A190A1 TO A16J2

8594Q (Option 190) 8120-6990
W197 CABLE ASSY, AUX CONTROL. TO A26J3

8594Q (Option 190) 08594-60066
W198 CABLE ASSY, +5 V TO A26J2

8594Q (Option 190) 08594-60082
W199 CABLE ASSY, PREAMP CONTROL, A3A17 TO

A26J1
8594Q (Option 190) 08594-60065
W200 CABLE ASSY, A3A18 PORT 2 TO A3A9

8594Q (Option 190) 08594-20057
W201 CABLE ASSY, A3A18 PORT 3 TO A3A5

8594Q (Option 190) 08594-20056
W202 CABLE ASSY, A3A18 PORT 4 TO A26 INPUT

8594Q (Option 190) 08594-60065
W203 CABLE ASSY, A3A18 PORT 1 TO A26 OUTPUT

8594Q (Option 190) 08594-60065
520 Chapter 12
Replaceable Parts
Component-Level Information Packets

Component-level information is available for selected instrument
assemblies. The information for each repairable assembly is provided in
the form of Component-Level Information Packets (CLIPs).
A CLIP packet consists of a parts list, component-location diagram, and
schematic diagram relating to a unique instrument assembly. An
Agilent Technologies part number is assigned to each CLIP packet.
When an instrument assembly part number changes, a new CLIP is
generated.
Ordering CLIPs
For ordering convenience, current CLIPs for a specific instrument are
combined into Component-Level Information binders. The current set
of CLIPs contains information supporting the instrument assemblies
manufactured at the time this manual was printed, plus a packet
containing general CLIP information.
A complete set of CLIPs can be obtained by ordering the 8590 Series
Analyzers Component-Level Repair Service Guide.
Updated or replacement CLIPs may be ordered through your local
Agilent Technologies Sales or Service office using the CLIP part
number provided in Table 12-2.
NOTE CLIPs may not be available for recently introduced assemblies.
Chapter 12 521
Replaceable Parts
Table 12-7 8590 E-Series and L-Series Spectrum Analyzer Board Assembly,
Serial Number, and CLIP Part Number Cross-Reference
Assembly Instrument Board CLIP

Serial Prefix Assembly Part Number
Part Number
A1A1 Keyboard All serials 08590-60201a 08590-90204
A3A1A1 Comb All serials 08569-60026a 08590-90132

Generator
A5 Second Converter All serials 08590-60117a 08590-90117
A5A1 Tripler All serials 08590-60155a 08590-90117
A7 Analog Interface, RF
8590L Serial Prefix 08590-60197a 08590-90205

3407A
8591E Serial Prefix 08590-60197a 08590-90205

3205A
8591C Serial Prefix 08591-60072a 08591-90121

3325A
8592L Serial Prefix 08592-60097a 08592-90080

3407A
8593E Serial Prefix 08592-60097a 08592-90080

3251A
8593E Serial Prefix 08592-60073 08592-90077

3205A
8594E/8594L Serial Prefix 08594-60030a 08594-90035

3251A
8594E Serial Prefix 08594-60008 08594-90027

3205A
8595E/8596E Serial Prefix 08594-60022a 08595-90031

3304A
8595E/8596E Serial Prefix 08594-60008 08595-90026
3205A
A7A1 Tracking All serials 08590-60196a 08590- 90157

Generator Control
A9 Third Converter
Standard:
8590L Serial Prefix 08591-60081a 08591-90120

3407A
522 Chapter 12
Replaceable Parts

Part Number
8591C Serial Prefix 08590-60344a 08590-90223

3325A
8591E Serial Prefix 08591-60081a 08591-90120

3407A
8591E Serial Prefix 08593-60061

3346A
8591E Serial Prefix 08593-60021 08590-90146

3205A
8592L Serial Prefix 08593-60062a 08593-90054

3407A
8593E, 8594E, 8594L, Serial Prefix 08593-60062a 08593-90054
8595E, and 8596E 3407A
Serial Prefix 08593-60061

3346A
Serial Prefix 08593-60021 08590-90146

3205A
Option 001:
8590L Serial Prefix 08590-60344a 08590-90223

3407A
8591E Serial Prefix 08590-60344a 08590-90223

3407A
8591E Serial Prefix 08590-60193 08590-90146

3205A
A10 Tracking Generator All serials 5063-0635 5961-0480

Control
(Options E02 and 010)
A10 LODA Control All serials 5062-8232a 08590-90266

(Option 009)
A11/A13 Bandwidth All serials 08590-60363a 08590-90231
Filter
A12 Amplitude Control All serials 08590-60105a 08590-90121
A14 Log Amp Serial Prefix 08590-60373 5961-0483

3520A
Chapter 12 523
Replaceable Parts

Part Number
A15 Motherboard
8590L, 8592L, and Serial Prefix 08590-60218a 08590-90217
8594L 3308A
Serial Prefix 08590-60213 08590-90206

3205A
8591C, 8591E, 8593E, Serial Prefix 08591-60062a 08591-90103

8594E, 8595E, and 3308A
8596E
Serial Prefix 08591-60060 08591-90087
3205A
A16 Processor/Video Serial Prefix 08590-60365a 08590-90256
3523A
Serial Prefix 08590-60356 08590-90254

3501A
Serial Prefix 08590-60342 08590-90224

3322A

3303A
Serial Prefix 5062-8276 5961-0843

3205A
A16A1 Memory Serial Prefix 08590-60367a 08590- 90265

Assembly 3523A
A17 Memory Card All serials 08590-60107a 08590-90124

Reader
(Option 003)
A20 IB I/O All serials 08590-60108a 08590-90125

(Options 021 and EO2)
A21 RS-232 I/O All serials 08590-60109a 08590-90126
(Option 023)
A22 10 MHz Reference All serials 08591-60048a 08591-90086
A25 Counter Lock

8590L and 8592L Serial Prefix 08591-60073a 08591-90119
3407A
524 Chapter 12
Replaceable Parts

Part Number
All others Serial Prefix 08591-60073a 08591-90119

3249A

3324A
Serial Prefix 08591-60053 08591-90085

3205A
A41/43 Dual I/O Serial Prefix 08590-60366 08590- 90257

3523A
A101 Fast ADC All serials 5062-7079a 5958-7174

A102 AM/FM TV Synch All serials 5062-1982a 5958-7055
A103 Demodulator/ All serials 5062-1983a 5960-2504

Quasi Peak Det
(Option 103)
A105 Gate Card All serials 5062-7754a 5960-2568

(Option 105)
A110 CT2 Board All serials 5063-0234a 5961-0481

(Option 110)
A111 Event Counter All serials 5063-0214a 5961-0487

(Option 111)
a. These CLIPS are included in the current component-level repair service

guide.
Chapter 12 525
Replaceable Parts
Figure 12-1 Handle Assembly Parts Identification
Item Part Number CD Description

1 5041-8992 8 HANDLE
2 5041-8912 2 TRIM CAP
3 0515-1114 2 SCREW-MACH M4×0.7 10MM-LG PAN-HD
4 1460-2164 8 SPRING-CPR
5 5021-6343 7 RING GEAR
6 5021-6344 8 SOCKET GEAR
7 5021-8667 2 HANDLE PLATE
8 5001-8728 4 BACKUP PLATE
9 0515-1367 0 SCREW-MACH M4×0.7 8MM-LG FLH-HD
10 0515-1133 5 SCREW-MACH M5×0.8 16MM-LG
11 0515-0382 4 SCREW-MACH M4 12MM-LG PAN-HD (8591C)
12 5022-1122 2 HANDLE BUTTON (8591C)
526 Chapter 12
Replaceable Parts
Figure 12-2 Cover Assembly Parts Identification

08590-60378 COVER ASSEMBLY
1 08590-00070 3 COVER
2 0515-1114 2 SCREW-MACH M4×0.7 10MM-LG PAN-HD
3 5041-8907 5 REAR FOOT
4 0900-0024 8 O-RING .145-IN-ID .07-IN-XSECT-DIA SIL
5 2190-0587 3 WASHER-LK HLCL 5.0 MM 5.1-MM-ID
6 0515-1218 7 SCREW-SKT-HD-CAP M5.0×0.8 40 MM-LG
7 3050-0893 9 WASHER-FLAT
8 0515-1069 6 SCREW M4.0×10MM PAN-HD
9 08590-40005 2 REAR FOOT SPACER
Chapter 12 527
Replaceable Parts
Figure 12-3 Rear Frame Assembly Parts Identification

08590-60379 REAR FRAME ASSEMBLY (E-Series, L-Series, and 8591C
only)
08594-60058 REAR FRAME ASSEMBLY (8594Q only)
1 08590-00062 3 REAR FRAME, DUAL I/O
5002-0690 REAR FRAME, SINGLE I/O
08594-00013 REAR FRAME (8594Q only)
2 0380-1900 7 SPACER-ROUND .688L.166ID
3 3050-0105 6 WASHER-FLAT .125ID
4 0515-1038 9 SCREW-MACHINE M3.0 SEMPNPD
5 3160-0309 5 FAN GRILL
6 6960-0076 2 HOLE PLUG .312D
7 08590-60135 3 MINI-JACK CONNECTOR AND NUT (OPTION 102)
8 0590-1251 6 HEX NUT 15/32-32
9 6960-0150 3 HOLE PLUG 12.7DMM
10 6960-0082 0 HOLE PLUG .922D (NOT ON OPTION 021 OR 023)
11 08590-80012 7 HOLE COVER (NOT ON OPTION 021 OR 023)
12 7120-1232 5 BATTERY LABEL
13 5040-0345 7 INSULATOR CONNECTOR
14 1250-0118 3 CONNECTOR RF FEMALE BNC
15 08590-00065 PLATE (BLANK)
528 Chapter 12
Replaceable Parts
Figure 12-4 IF Assembly Parts Identification

1 5021-9907 5 EXTRUSION, END PLATE ENCLOSURE
2 5021-9908 6 EXTRUSION, CIRCUIT ENCLOSURE, TAPPED
3 0515-0372 2 SCREW-MACH M3.0 X 8MM
4 5001-8782 0 COVER-AMPLITUDE CONTROL
5 5002-0671 2 COVER-BANDWIDTH FILTER
6 5001-8769 3 COVER-LOG AMPLIFIER
7 1400-0510 8 CABLE CLAMP
8 2360-0526 1 SCREW-MACH 440 .250 PNPD
9 0515-0372 2 SCREW-MACH M3.0 X 8MM
10 5001-8767 1 CARD CAGE
11 5021-9395 5 EXTRUSION, CIRCUIT ENCLOSURE
12 5022-0931 9 EXTRUSION, CIRCUIT ENCLOSURE
Chapter 12 529
Replaceable Parts
Figure 12-5 Chassis Side Views Parts Identification

1 08590-00068 0 CHASSIS
2 3050-0105 6 WASHER-FLAT.125ID
3 0515-1826 3 SCREW-MACH M3.0 × 40 SEMPNPD, 8592L, 93E, 94E, 95E, AND 96E
0515-1468 9 SCREW-MACH M3.0 × 45 SEMPNPD, 8590L, 8591C, AND 8591E
4 0515-2087 0 SCREW-SQBU M3.0 × 6MM TORX-HD
5 0515-1367 7 SCREW-MACH M4.0 × 8 PCFLPDS
6 0515-0808 9 SCREW-ST M4.0 × 12 PNPD
530 Chapter 12
Replaceable Parts
Figure 12-6 Chassis Top View Parts Identification

1 0515-0372 2 SCREW-MACH M3.0 8 CWPNPDS
2 5002-0672 3 FRONT END TO IF SUPPORT BRACKET
4 3050-0893 9 WASHER-FLAT M4.0ID
5 08590-00066 1 DISPLAY SHIELD
Chapter 12 531
Replaceable Parts
Figure 12-7 Chassis Bottom View Parts Identification

2 0535-0031 2 NUT-MACH WLKWR M3.0 (STANDARD ONLY)
3 0380-1363 6 STANDOFF (STANDARD ONLY)
4 0515-1453 0 SCREW-MACH M3.0 12 SEMPNPD
5 0515-0808 9 SCREW-ST M4.0 12 PNPD
6 0515-1110 8 SCREW-MACH M3.0 12 PCPNPDS
7 0515-0898 7 SCREW-MACH M4.0 6 PCPNPDS
8 5002-0635 8 OCXO MOUNTING BRACKET (OPTION 004 or 8591C)
10 WASHER
532 Chapter 12
Replaceable Parts
Figure 12-8 Impact Cover Parts Identification

1 5062-4805 8 IMPACT COVER ASSEMBLY
2 5041-7235 0 GASKET, 3.2 FT.
3 5021-5483 4 CATCH LATCH
4 0515-0894 3 SCREW-MACH M2.5 6MM-LG PAN-HD
5 5062-0730 0 DRAW CATCH ASSEMBLY
Chapter 12 533
Replaceable Parts
Foldout 12-1 Parts Identification 8592L, 8593E, 8593E, 8596E A3

Front-End Assembly
1 0515-0372 2 SCREW-MACH 3.0 × 8MM PAN-HD
2 2360-0123 4 SCREW-MACH 6-23 × .625 PAN-HD
3 5022-0179 7 WASHER, EYO SHOULDER
4 0515-0382 4 SCREW-MACH 4.0 × 12MM TORX
7 0520-0174 3 SCREW-MACH 2-56 × .25 PAN-HD
10 2190-0654 5 LOCK WASHER, 2.0MM
11 0535-0069 6 HEX NUT-MACH 2.0MM
13 0535-0070 9 HEX NUT-MACH 2.5MM
14 5002-0700 8 RF BRACKET - 4 PIECES
Foldout 12-2 Parts Identification 8594E and 8594L A3 Front-End

Assembly
2 2360-0123 3 SCREW-MACH 6-23 × .625 PAN-HD
7 0520-0174 3 SCREW-MACH 2-56 × .25 PAN-HD
10 2190-0654 5 LOCK WASHER, 2.0MM
11 0535-0069 6 HEX NUT-MACH 2.0MM
13 0535-0070 9 HEX NUT-MACH 2.5MM
534 Chapter 12
Replaceable Parts
Foldout 12-3 Parts Identification 8590L, and 8591E RF Assembly

1 08590-00051 6 RF BRACKET
3 2360-0526 1 SCREW-MACH 4-40 × .312 PAN-HD
4 0520-0174 3 SCREW-MACH 2-56 × .25 PAN-HD
Foldout 12-4 Parts Identification 8590L, 8591C, and 8591E Tracking

Generator Assembly
1 08590-00037 8 TG BRACKET
2 5002-0621 2 TG ATTENUATOR BRACKET
5 0520-0174 3 SCREW-MACH 2-56 × .25 PAN-HD
Foldout 12-5 Parts Identification 8590 C-Series, E-Series and L-Series

Front Frame Assembly
1 0515-1622 7 SCREW-SKT-HD-CAP M4×0.7 8 MM-LG
2 5041-8914 4 DISPLAY BEZEL ASSEMBLY
5041-8962 2 DISPLAY BEZEL ASSEMBLY, (Option 103)
3 1000-0846 5 DISPLAY FILTER
1000-0897 6 DISPLAY FILTER (OPTION 103)
4 0370-3069 2 RPG TUNING KNOB
5 0370-3079 4 INTENSITY KNOB, 8590 L-SERIES ONLY
6 0535-0082 3 NUT-HEX-3/8×32
7 2190-0016 3 WASHER-LK INTL T 3/8 IN .377-IN-ID
8 08590-00060 859OL FRONT PANEL-DRESS
08590-00061 8590L FRONT PANEL-DRESS (OPTION 001)
08591-00015 3 8591E FRONT PANEL-DRESS
08591-00016 4 8591E FRONT PANEL-DRESS (OPTION 001)
08591-00033 5 8591C FRONT PANEL-DRESS
08592-00024 8592L FRONT PANEL-DRESS
08592-00025 8592L FRONT PANEL-DRESS (OPTION 026,
027)
08593-00009 7 8593E FRONT PANEL-DRESS (OPTION 026,
027)
Chapter 12 535
Replaceable Parts
Foldout 12-5 Parts Identification 8590 C-Series, E-Series and L-Series

Front Frame Assembly (Continued)
08594-60017 1 8594L FRONT PANEL-DRESS
08594-60053 8594Q FRONT PANEL-DRESS (OPTION 190)
9 5060-0467 6 PROBE POWER CONNECTOR (M)
10 0590-1251 6 NUT-SPCLY 15/32-32-THD (SECURES W7)
11 1250-1666 8 ADAPTER SMA F TO SMA F
12 0515-2145 1 SCREW-MACH M3.0 8MM-LG PAN-HD
13 5062-4806 9 BUMPER KIT (SET OF 4)
14 2190-0067 4 WASHER
15 2950-0216 7 NUT-HEX 1/4 × 36
16 5041-8917 7 MEMORY CARD BEZEL
16 5041-8936 MEMORY CARD BEZEL (SOLID)
17 5022-0200 5 FRONT FRAME CASTING
17 5022-1114 FRONT FRAME CASTING (8591C)
18 8160-0520 7 GASKET-EMI, 3 FT.
19 0535-0082 3 NUT-HEX 4.0MM
20 2190-0016 3 LOCK WASHER .377ID
21 2950-0043 8 HEX NUT 3/8 × 32
22 1250-2180 3 ADAPTER,(F) SMA TO (F) TYPE N (INPUT 50Ω)
5063-0230 7 ADAPTER, (F) SMA TO (F) TYPE N (OPTION
027)
08673-60040 9 ADAPTER, (M) APC 3.5 TO (F) APC 3.5 (OPTION
026)
23 0515-0430 3 SCREW M3.0×6MM TORX
0515-2145 1 SCREW M3.0×8MM TORX (OPTION 026, 027)
24 5041-8989 3 8590 L-SERIES RUBBER KEYPAD
5041-8984 8 8590 E-SERIES RUBBER KEYPAD
25 5041-8924 6 VOLUME KNOB, 8590 E-SERIES ONLY
26 5041-8925 7 INTENSITY KNOB, 8590 E-SERIES ONLY
27 0515-1934 4 SCREW M2.5×6MM TORX
28 08590-60133 1 8590 E-SERIES VOLUME-INTENSITY
DUAL-POT ASSEMBLY
08590-60041 0 8590 L-SERIES INTENSITY POT ASSEMBLY
29 3050-0103 4 WASHER-FLAT .250ID12
30 5021-9320 6 BRACKET - RF INPUT CONNECTOR (OPTION
026)
31 5041-1682 KEYCAP "LINE"
536 Chapter 12
Replaceable Parts
Foldout 12-6 Parts Identification 8591C RF Assembly

1 08590-00034 RF BRACKET
2 0515-0372 2 SCREW-MACH 3.0 × 8ΜΜ PAN-HD
3 2360-0526 1 SCREW-MACH 4-40 × .312 PAN-HD
4 2200-0521 8 SCREW-MACH 4-40 × .250 PAN-HD
7 0520-0174 3 SCREW-MACH 2-56 × .25 PAN-HD
Foldout 12-7 Parts Identification 8594Q A3 Front-End Assembly

2 2360-0123 3 SCREW-MACH 6-23 × .625 PAN-HD
10 2190-0654 5 LOCK WASHER, 2.0MM
11 0535-0069 6 HEX NUT-MACH 2.0MM
13 0535-0070 9 HEX NUT-MACH 2.5MM
Chapter 12 537
Replaceable Parts
538 Chapter 12
Replaceable Parts
540 Chapter 12
Replaceable Parts
542 Chapter 12
FOLDOUT 12-3 8590L AND 8591E RF ASSEMBLY
Replaceable Parts
544 Chapter 12
Replaceable Parts
546 Chapter 12
Replaceable Parts
548 Chapter 12
Replaceable Parts
550 Chapter 12
Replaceable Parts
552 Chapter 12
13 Softkey Descriptions
Refer to this chapter for an explanation of the instrument passcodes,

the two types of instrument correction data, and the service-related
softkeys that are available after pressing CAL.
553
Softkey Descriptions
The calibration, service, and diagnostic softkey functions are listed

alphabetically. A list of service-related softkeys follows each softkey
description, when appropriate. Refer to the description of each related
softkey to understand how the softkey functions interrelate.
Calibration, Service, and Diagnostic

Softkey Functions
The front-panel CAL key provides the softkey menus for the
self-calibration routines, the confidence test, the service-calibration and
service-diagnostic routines. Refer to Figure 13-1 and Figure 13-2 for the
organization of the softkeys related to CAL.
CAUTION Correction-constant data can be lost if the SERVICE CAL softkeys are
used improperly. Refer to the appropriate softkey description for
instructions on softkey usage.
CAL Softkey Organization

Figure 13-1 and Figure 13-2 provides the organization of all softkeys
available after pressing CAL. Each block of softkeys represents the
softkeys that are displayed at one time. The diagram flow indicates the
actual key sequence used for each softkey. The footnotes identify
softkeys that appear only when a passcode has been entered or a
specific instrument option is installed in the analyzer.
554 Chapter 13
Figure 13-1 Calibration, Service, and Diagnostic Softkey Tree: 8590 E-Series
and L-Series, and 8594Q QAM Analyzers
Chapter 13 555
Figure 13-2 Calibration, Service, and Diagnostic Softkey Tree: 8591C
556 Chapter 13
Understanding Analyzer Passcodes

Passcodes activate specific softkey functions and protect the correction
data from accidental erasure or modification. The two passcodes,
−37 Hz and −2001 Hz, are explained below.
−37 Hz Passcode
Use the −37 Hz passcode to perform the following functions.
• Replace the current calibration-factors with the default calibration
data provided by DEFAULT CAL DATA.
• Check the accuracy of the 10 MHz frequency reference using
VERIFY TIMEBASE. Refer to the 10 MHz reference accuracy
verification test in the calibration guide for your instrument.
• Bypass the CAL OUT set-up check within individual self-calibration
routines.
−2001 Hz Passcode
Use the −2001 Hz service passcode to perform the following functions.
• Set the start frequency, stop frequency, and step size of the flatness
correction points using INIT FLT.
• Edit the flatness-correction constants using EDIT FLATNESS.
• Edit the A12 amplitude control step-attenuator correction constants
using SET ATTN ERROR.
• Set the correction factor for the 10 MHz frequency reference
(standard timebase).
• Modify the displayed power units that appear when the instrument
is first turned on using STOR PWR ON UNITS.
• Bypass the CAL OUT signal check within individual self-calibration
routines.
Entering a Passcode
The passcode must be entered before pressing CAL. Press the following
keys to enter a passcode.
FREQUENCY
−37, HZ or −2001, HZ
CAL
When SRVC appears in the lower-left corner of the display, the passcode
has been accepted.
Chapter 13 557
Understanding Analyzer Correction Data

The firmware uses correction data to improve instrument performance
by minimizing the effect of variations in hardware. There are two
categories of correction data.
• Self-calibration correction factors.
• Service-calibration correction constants.
Most correction data can be displayed and modified with the softkey
functions provided by CAL.
Self-Calibration Correction Factors

Self-calibration correction factors enhance instrument accuracy by
adjusting DACs on the A7 analog interface assembly and by adding
offsets to trace information. The correction factor data is stored in
nonvolatile memory on the A16 processor/video assembly after pressing
CAL STORE.
The correction-factor data is produced by the CAL AMPTD and CAL FREQ
self-calibration routines. The horizontal and vertical display positions,
adjusted by CRT VERT POSITION and CRT HORZ POSITION, are also
retained.
Refer to the softkey descriptions in this section for further information.
Service-Calibration Correction Constants

The service-calibration correction constants enhance instrument
performance by compensating for frequency-response variation and
A12 amplitude control step-attenuation errors. The correction
constants are unique for each instrument.
The correction constants for frequency response can be viewed, or
modified, using FLATNESS DATA. Refer to the frequency response
adjustment procedure in Chapter 2 for instructions on generating new
correction constants.
The correction constants for step-attenuation errors on the A12
amplitude control assembly can be modified using SET ATTN ERROR.
Refer to the cal attenuator adjustment procedure in Chapter 2 for
instructions on generating new correction constants.
558 Chapter 13
The frequency of the 10 MHz standard timebase, a room temperature

crystal oscillator (RTXO), is controlled by a DAC located on the A25
counterlock assembly. Refer to the 10 MHz reference procedure in
Chapter 2 to adjust the timebase DAC using CAL TIMEBASE.Analyzers
equipped with a A24 Tracking Generator (Options 010 and 011) use two
correction constants to improve the performance of the external
automatic level control (ALC). Refer to “19. Entering External ALC
Correction Constants for Option 010 or 011” and “21. Correcting for
External ALC Error for Option 010 or 011” in Chapter 2 for details
about the CALTGX slope and offset correction constants.
The initial service-calibration correction constants are stored by the
factory in nonvolatile memory on the A16 assembly. After shipment,
new correction constants must be manually generated whenever an
adjustment or repair affects frequency response or A12 amplitude
control step attenuation.
Refer to “After an analyzer repair” in Chapter 4 for the specific
assemblies that affect frequency response. Whenever the A16
processor/video assembly is replaced, new correction constants must
also be generated, unless valid correction constants were saved prior to
the instrument failure.
Note that the manual generation of the new service-calibration
correction constants is a lengthy procedure. Avoid having to generate
new correction constants manually by periodically recording the
current correction constants. Refer to Chapter 3 for information about
backing up correction constants.
Refer to the softkey descriptions in this section for specific information
about the use and modification of the correction-constant data.
Chapter 13 559
φLock ON OFF Phase Lock On/Off
DESCRIPTION Disables locking of the first LO to allow faster response

of the keypad and the sweep when the analyzer has a
poor frequency calibration.
Before a normal sweep, the analyzer uses the frequency
calibration to set the first LO close to the desired value.
It then counts the frequency of the first LO and adjusts
it until the correct frequency is achieved within the
count resolution. Next, it closes the discriminator if the
span is less than 10 MHz, then begins the sweep.
Note that if the frequency calibration is poor, this
procedure of locking the LO requires a long time, often
many seconds or even minutes. During this time the
analyzer does not respond quickly to the keypad. This
key disables locking until a frequency calibration can
be successfully completed.
When the analyzer determines that the frequency
calibration is poor, it automatically disables the first
LO lock and the message VLock OFF will appear on
screen.
+10 V REF DETECTOR +10 V Reference

Detector
DESCRIPTION Displays the output of the +10 V reference from the A7

analog interface assembly as a horizontal line along the
top graticule.
Refer to Chapter 4 for additional troubleshooting
information.
RELATED SOFTKEYS −10 V REF DETECTOR
560 Chapter 13
−10 V REF DETECTOR −10 V Reference

Detector
DESCRIPTION Displays the output of the −10 V reference from the A7

analog interface assembly as horizontal line at the
bottom graticule.
information.
RELATED SOFTKEYS +10 V REF DETECTOR
2v REF DETECTOR 2 V Reference Detector
DESCRIPTION Displays the output of the 2 V reference produced on

the A16 processor/video assembly as a horizontal line at
the top graticule. If the line is at the top graticule, the
main ADC is adjusted correctly.
This routine uses the 2 V reference at the input MUX
on the A16 assembly. Refer to Foldout 6-2, IF/Control
Overall Block Diagram, for the location of the input
MUX.
Note that during the preset routine, the analog-ground
and 2 V reference are used to calibrate the main ADC.
The analog ground and 2 V reference at the input MUX
are used during calibration. If either signal is out of
range, the ADC-GND FAIL or ADC-2V FAIL error
message is displayed.
RELATED SOFTKEYS CAL AMPTD
ALC TEST Automatic Level Control TEST
DESCRIPTION Note that this function is available for analyzers

equipped with Option 010, 50Ω Output Tracking
Generator, and Option 011, 75Ω Output Tracking
Generator, only.
ALC TEST breaks the leveling loop for the automatic
level control in the tracking generator.
Refer to the modular offset and gain adjustment
procedures in Chapter 2 for information on the use of
ALC TEST.
Chapter 13 561
Amp Cor Amplitude Correction
DESCRIPTION Accesses the menus for controlling the current

amplitude-correction factors. Refer to the 8590 E-Series
and L-Series Spectrum Analyzers User's Guide, for
more information about amplitude correction.
ANALYZER GAINS Analyzer Gains
DESCRIPTION Displays the gains of the various sections of the

analyzer block diagram for the current settings.
Display Label Description Location Value
RF Atten RF Attenuator RF Assembly 0 to −70 dB in 10 dB

steps
3rd Conv DAC Variable Gain Third Converter 0 to 255 (8 bit DAC)
21.4 Gain Step Gain Amplitude Control 0 to 50 dB in 10 dB

steps
Cal Atten Calibration Amplitude Control 0 to −31 dB in 1 dB

Attenuator steps
Lin Gain Linear Gain Log Amplifier 0 to 40 dB in 10 dB

steps
Nbw S Gain* Nbw Step Gain Narrow Bandwidths 0 to 40 dB in 10 dB

steps
* Only displayed for Option 130 narrow bandwidths
AUXB Auxiliary B
DESCRIPTION Note that this function is available for 8591C cable TV

analyzers and 8591E spectrum analyzers only.
Displays the voltage level at an unused input to the
Test Point MUX circuitry located on the A7 analog
interface assembly. The AUX B input to the A16
processor/video assembly floats to a high positive
voltage. When AUX B is selected, a horizontal line above
the top graticule line, is displayed.
562 Chapter 13
BINARY SPAN Binary Span
DESCRIPTION Note that this function is available for 8590L and

8591E spectrum analyzers and 8591C cable TV
analyzers only.
Displays the output of the Span DAC on the A7 analog
interface assembly. A ramp is displayed from the
upper-left corner to the lower right corner of the
display.
The instrument span must be set manually before
enabling BINARY SPAN.
The slope of the ramp increases within each of the
following span ranges.
• 0 Hz to 170 kHz
• >170 kHz to 1.7 MHz
• >1.7 MHz to 10 MHz
• >10 MHz to 170 MHz
• >170 MHz to 1.8 GHz
Refer to Chapter 6 for further troubleshooting
information.
RELATED SOFTKEYS MAIN SPAN, FM SPAN
CAL Calibration Key
DESCRIPTION CAL provides access to the softkeys for the

self-calibration, service-diagnostics, and
service-calibration functions. A passcode is required for
access to specific softkeys.
RELATED SOFTKEYS
Refer to Figure 13-1 and Figure 13-2 at the beginning of
this chapter for the softkeys that are available after
pressing CAL.
Chapter 13 563
CAL AMPTD Calibrate Amplitude

DESCRIPTION Note that if both CAL FREQ and CAL AMPTD
self-calibration routines are required, perform the CAL
FREQ routine first.
The CAL AMPTD softkey initiates an amplitude

self-calibration routine. Connect CAL OUT to the
analyzer input before pressing CAL AMPTD.
During the CAL AMPTD self-calibration routine,
messages are sequentially displayed, indicating a
specific calibration activity. Each calibration performed
by CAL AMPTD is described below.
• While CAL: AMPTD is displayed, the following
calibrations are performed:
❏ The amplitude error of each resolution bandwidth
is corrected using the 3 kHz resolution bandwidth
is the amplitude reference. Each amplitude error
is then stored as a calibration factor.
❏ The center frequency error of each bandwidth is
corrected.
❏ The top-screen reference level is calibrated using
the amplitude of the CAL OUT signal as a
reference.
1. The amplitude of the detected 21.4 MHz IF
signal is measured on the A16 processor/video
assembly.
2. The Reference-Level-Calibration DAC on the
A7 analog interface assembly adjusts the gain
of the IF Calibration Amplifier on the A9
Third Converter assembly to correct the
amplitude measured on the A16 assembly.
3. After the A7 DAC adjusts the A9 output, fine
amplitude corrections are made with a digital
offset of the video signal on the A16 assembly.
4. The A7 DAC value and video offset are stored
as correction factors on the A16 assembly.
564 Chapter 13
• While CAL: 3dB BW is displayed, the following

❏ The 3 dB and 6 dB EMI resolution bandwidths
are measured.
❏ DACs on the A7 analog interface assembly adjust
the bandwidth of the LC and crystal filters on the
A11 and A13 Bandwidth Filter assemblies.
❏ The DAC bandwidth correction factors are stored
• While CAL: ATTEN is displayed, the following
❏ The amplitude error of the 10 dB step gains on
the A12 amplitude control assembly and the
10 dB linear gains on the A14 Log
Amplifier/Detector assembly are corrected.
The 10 dB step gain on the A12 assembly is
the amplitude reference.
Step-gain and linear-gain errors are corrected
with digital offsets of the video signal on the
A16 assembly.
The video offsets are stored as correction
factors.
❏ Amplitude errors for the A3 Input Attenuator are
corrected.
The 10 dB step attenuator is the amplitude
reference.
Input attenuator errors are corrected with
digital offsets of the video signal on the A16
assembly.
The attenuator offsets are stored as correction
factors.
Chapter 13 565
• While CAL: LOG AMP is displayed, the following

❏ The log fidelity is measured in 1 dB steps.
❏ Errors are corrected with digital offsets of the
video signal on the A16 assembly.
❏ The video offsets are stored as correction factors.
If a failure occurs during this calibration routine, an
error message is displayed. Refer to Chapter 14 for the
description of displayed error messages.
Be sure to press CAL STORE after running the CAL
AMPTD routine.
RELATED SOFTKEYS DISPLAY CAL DATA

CAL FREQ
CAL FREQ & AMPTD
CAL FETCH
CAL STORE
CORRECT ON OFF
CAL FETCH Calibration Fetch

DESCRIPTION CAL FETCH retrieves the self-calibration correction
factors from the area of memory that retains data when
the analyzer is turned off and places it in working
(volatile) RAM memory.
CAUTION Pressing CAL FETCH clears the correction-data-error flag and can
permit erroneous data to be stored. Use CAL FETCH only for
troubleshooting.

CAL FREQ
CAL FREQ &AMPTD
CAL STORE
566 Chapter 13
CAL FREQ Calibrate Frequency
DESCRIPTION CAL FREQ initiates the frequency self-calibration

routine. Connect CAL OUT to the analyzer input before
initiating CAL FREQ.
Note that it is normal for the FREQ UNCAL error
message to appear briefly during CAL FREQ.
During the CAL FREQ self-calibration routine, messages
are sequentially displayed, indicating a specific
calibration activity. Each function performed by CAL
FREQ is described below.
• Before the calibration routine starts, an instrument

setup check is performed.
The CAL OUT signal must be within 300 MHz
±50 MHz and greater than or equal to −45 dBm to
pass the setup check. If the CAL OUT signal is not
present, the routine stops.
If the DEFAULT CAL DATA correction factors are in
use, a frequency offset may occur that prevents the
CAL OUT signal from being found. If desired, the
instrument setup check can be bypassed. Enter the
−37 Hz passcode before pressing CAL and CAL FREQ.
Refer to the CAL SIGNAL NOT FOUND error message
description in Chapter 14 for more information.
• While CAL: SWEEP is displayed:
❏ The sweep ramp is calibrated.
❏ The values are stored as correction factors.
• While CAL: FREQ is displayed:
❏ Harmonics of the CAL OUT signal are used to
adjust the start and stop end-points for the A6
YTO.
❏ The end-point values are stored as correction
factors.
Chapter 13 567
• While CAL: SPAN is displayed:

❏ The main-coil sweep sensitivity and span
attenuator are adjusted for LO spans greater
than 10 MHz.
❏ The adjustment routine checks for three
displayed signals: 0 Hz, 300 MHz, and 600 MHz.
The test passes if all three signals are found
within a 750 MHz span.
• FM DAC Error Check:
❏ The analyzer changes the center frequency
setting to move the displayed signal four
divisions.
❏ If the signal moves within ±1.25 divisions of the
expected display position, the FM coil drive is
within tolerance.
• Instruments equipped with Option 102, AM/FM
Speaker and TV Sync Trigger, display the message
CAL: FM GAIN + OFFSET. While CAL: FM GAIN +
OFFSET is displayed:
❏ The FM offset DAC is adjusted to position the
signal at center-screen. This calibrates the center
screen-position so that it represents an
unmodulated signal.
❏ The top to bottom screen deviation of a
demodulated FM signal, referenced to center
screen, is calibrated for a specific frequency
deviation.
• A demodulated signal with a 100 kHz
frequency deviation is simulated using the
CAL OUT signal and a center frequency step
of 100 kHz.
• The center frequency is stepped up and the
FM gain is adjusted to position the signal at
top screen.
• The center frequency is stepped down and the
FM gain is adjusted to position the signal at
bottom-screen.
568 Chapter 13
If a failure occurs during this calibration routine, an

error message is displayed. Refer to Chapter 14 for
descriptions of displayed error messages.
FREQ routine.

CAL FREQ & AMPTD
CAL FETCH
CAL STORE
DISPLAY CAL DATA
FM GAIN
FM OFFSET
Chapter 13 569
CAL FREQ & AMPTD Calibrate Frequency

and Amplitude
DESCRIPTION CAL FREQ & AMPTD initiates both the frequency and
amplitude self-calibration routines. Connect CAL OUT
to the analyzer input before initiating CAL FREQ &
AMPTD.

FREQ & AMPTD routine.

CAL FREQ
CAL FETCH
CAL STORE
CAL MXR Calibrate Mixer
DESCRIPTION Note that this function is available for 8592L, 8593E,

8595E, and 8596E spectrum analyzers only.
Be sure to use CAL MXR in the order of adjustment and
test routines provided in “After an Analyzer Repair” in
Chapter 4 of this service guide.The high-band mixer in
the A3A6 Dual-Band Mixer receives a mixer-bias
current from a DAC on the A7 analog interface
assembly. The mixer-bias current must be adjusted for
each frequency band to minimize conversion loss in the
A3A6 Dual-Band Mixer.
Be sure to use the YTF CAL cable when performing the
CAL MXR routine. Refer to the calibration guide for your
instrument for the cable part number.
The CAL MXR routine adjusts the bias-current DAC
setting for the optimum displayed-signal amplitude,
using the 100 MHz COMB OUT signal. The routine
adjusts the bias current at several frequencies in each
band; an optimum bias setting for that band is then
determined. During the routine, TRACE A displays the
frequency spectrum, while TRACE B displays the signal
amplitude versus mixer-bias DAC setting.
The −2001 passcode must be entered to activate the
CAL MXR calibration routine. Enter the passcode before
pressing the CAL key.
570 Chapter 13
Note that the CAL YTF routine must be performed

before running the CAL MXR routine. New frequency
response correction constants must also be generated
whenever the CAL MXR routine is used. Refer to the
CAL MXR adjustment routine in Chapter 2 for
instructions on the use of the CAL YTF and CAL MXR
routines.
Once the CAL MXR routine is finished, the optimum
bias-current value for each frequency band is displayed.
The displayed values are the mixer bias DAC setting
multiplied by 16. The DAC values are automatically
stored as correction constants in nonvolatile memory on
RELATED SOFTKEYS CAL YTF
EDIT FLATNESS
CAL STORE Calibration Store

DESCRIPTION CAL STORE copies the correction factors from working
RAM to the area of memory on the A16 processor/video
assembly that retains data after the analyzer is turned
off.
CAUTION If the correction factors are not stored, they will be lost when the
analyzer is turned off.

CAL FREQ
CAL FREQ & AMPTD

CAL FETCH
CAL TIMEBASE
CRT VERT POSITION
CRT HORZ POSITION
CAL TRK GEN
Chapter 13 571
CAL TIMEBASE Calibrate Timebase
DESCRIPTION Note that this function is available for 8591 E-Series

spectrum analyzers and 8591C cable TV analyzers only.
Analyzers equipped with Precision Frequency
Reference, do not use this softkey function.
Use this softkey to change the setting of the 10 MHz
reference (standard timebase) DAC.
The −2001 Hz passcode must be entered to activate this
function.
The DAC controls the frequency of the internal 10 MHz
oscillator over a frequency range of approximately
65 ppm. At a 10 MHz nominal frequency, one DAC
count provides a resolution of less than 0.5 ppm. The
DAC has an adjustment range of 0 to 255.
Refer to the 10 MHz frequency reference adjustment
procedure in Chapter 2 for further information on the
use of CAL TIMEBASE.
Be sure to press CAL STORE to store the time base DAC
setting.
RELATED SOFTKEYS CAL STORE
DEFAULT CAL DATA
VERIFY TIMEBASE
DISPLAY CAL DATA
572 Chapter 13
CAL TRK GEN Calibrate Tracking Generator
DESCRIPTION Note that this function is available for instruments

equipped with Option 010, 50Ω Output Tracking
Generator, and Option 011, 75Ω Output Tracking
Generator, only.
CAL TRK GEN initiates the tracking generator
Be sure to perform the CAL AMPTD and CAL FREQ
self-calibration routines before using CAL TRK GEN.
Connect the RF OUT from the tracking generator to the
RF INPUT using the CAL cable. Refer to Table 1-4 for
the part number of the 50Ω CAL cable or 75Ω CAL
cable.
When the CAL TRK GEN routine is complete, press CAL
STORE to store the tracking generator correction factors
in nonvolatile memory. The correction factors cannot be
viewed.
CAUTION If the correction factors are not stored, they will be lost when the
analyzer is turned off.

CAL FREQ
CAL STORE
Chapter 13 573
CAL YTF Calibrate YTF
DESCRIPTION This function is available for 8592L, 8593E, 8595E, and

8596E spectrum analyzers only.
Note that the user should perform the CAL YTF routine
if there has been a large change in ambient
temperature. Since YTF tracking varies with
temperature, the CAL YTF routine is required to meet
the unpeaked frequency response specification. Refer to
the calibration guide for your instrument.
In bands 1 through 4, amplitude accuracy, particularly
frequency response, is a function of how well the A3A8
YTF bandpass filter tracks the tuned frequency of the
analyzer. YTF tuning is controlled by DACs located on
the A7 analog interface assembly. CAL YTF minimizes
amplitude uncertainty due to YTF tracking by
determining the optimum YTF DAC settings for each
band.
Be sure to use the YTF CAL cable when performing the
CAL YTF routine. Refer to the calibration guide for the
cable part number.
The CAL YTF routine, using the 100 MHz COMB GEN
OUT signal (except for the 8595E that uses the CAL
OUT signal), tunes the analyzer to two frequencies in
band 1, and one frequency each in band 2 through band
4. The routine minimizes tracking error by adjusting
the YTF coarse- and fine-tune DAC settings for an
optimum displayed-signal amplitude in each band.
TRACE A displays the typical frequency spectrum and
TRACE B displays the amplitude versus YTF DAC
setting.
The routine then sets the analyzer to sweep over the
frequency range of each band. The YTF Span DAC is
adjusted for the maximum swept-amplitude response
in each band. During this part of the routine, TRACE A
displays the frequency spectrum, and TRACE B displays
the amplitude versus YTF span DAC setting.
Be sure to press CAL, CAL STORE after running the CAL
YTF routine.
RELATED SOFTKEYS CAL STORE

CAL MXR
574 Chapter 13
COARSE TUNE DAC Coarse Tune DAC
DESCRIPTION Displays the analog output of the YTO coarse-tune

DAC located on the A7 analog interface assembly. The
mnemonic for the control voltage is C_TUNE.
When COARSE TUNE DAC is selected, a horizontal line
is displayed in the lower four divisions of the screen.
The line represents the 0 V to −10 V DAC output
voltage. When the YTO DAC voltage becomes more
negative, the YTO frequency is increased, and the
displayed line moves lower on screen.
Refer to Chapter 6 for additional LO troubleshooting
information.
RELATED SOFTKEYS FINE TUNE DAC
CONF TEST Confidence Test
DESCRIPTION This test automates an informal, visual test that

quickly checks the basic operation of six IF and video
functions. Each test checks for a simple change in
signal position when the analyzer settings for the
function under test are changed. Instrument
specifications are not used as test limits.
If a test failure occurs, the error message CONF TEST
FAIL is displayed along with error messages for the
failed test. Each check and its corresponding error
message are described below.
1. Positive-Peak Detector Check and error message
POS-PK FAIL.
The test checks switching for the positive-peak
detector. The noise-floor level should increase when
switching from the sample detector to the
positive-peak detector.
The test detects the noise-floor increase by
statistically comparing the level of the noise floor for
the positive-peak detector to the level for the sample
detector.
Chapter 13 575
If the error message POS-PK FAIL is displayed, the

mean of the data from the positive-peak detector is
less than the mean from the sample detector data.
2. Sample-Detector Check and error message SAMPLE
FAIL.
The test checks switching for the sample detector.
The peak-to-peak amplitude of the noise floor for the
sample detector should be wider than the noise floor
for the positive-peak detector.The test detects the
wider noise floor by statistically comparing the
peak-to-peak amplitude of the noise floor for the
sample detector to the noise floor for the
If the error message SAMPLE FAIL is displayed, the
standard deviation of the data from the sample
detector is less than the standard deviation of the
data from the positive-peak detector.
3. Video-Bandwidth Check and error message VID-BW
FAIL.
The test checks video-bandwidth switching by
stepping the analyzer from the widest video
bandwidth setting to the narrowest. The test detects
switching activity by comparing the peak-to-peak
amplitude of the noise floor for each video
bandwidth.
If the error message VID-BW FAIL is displayed, the
peak-to-peak amplitude did not decrease when a
narrower video bandwidth was switched on.
4. Resolution-Bandwidth Noise Check and error
message RES-BW NOISE FAIL.
The test makes a relative comparison of noise-floor
amplitude for each resolution bandwidth.
The test compares the noise-floor amplitude of each
resolution bandwidth to that of the next, narrower
resolution bandwidth.
If the error message RES-BW NOISE FAIL is
displayed, a decrease in the noise floor amplitude did
not occur when the test switched to the narrower
bandwidth. The test displays the narrower
bandwidth as the test failure and displays all
bandwidths that fail.
576 Chapter 13
5. A12 Step-Gain Check and error message STEP

GAIN/ATTEN FAIL.
The test checks the switching of the step gains on
the A12 amplitude control assembly. The test does
not check step-gain accuracy. The test steps the
reference level from −60 dBm to +30 dBm, in 10 dB
increments, with the input attenuator set to 60 dB.
The test detects step-gain switching activity by
comparing the noise-floor level for each 10 dB step
gain.
If the error message STEP GAIN/ATTEN FAIL is
displayed, the displayed noise level did not decrease
when the reference level was changed.
6. 3 dB Resolution-Bandwidth Check and error
message RES-BW SHAPE FAIL.
The test checks the 3 dB resolution bandwidth of the
10 kHz, 30 kHz, 100 kHz, 300 kHz, 1 MHz, and
3 MHz bandwidth filters.
If the error message RES-BW SHAPE FAIL is
displayed, the bandwidths that are displayed with
the error message are not within ±20%. Resolution
bandwidth accuracy is a characteristic, not a
specification. Check the failed bandwidths manually
using the 3 dB POINTS softkey.
Chapter 13 577
CORRECT ON OFF Correction On/Off
DESCRIPTION The analyzer corrects for variations in hardware

performance in two ways.
• Digital offsets of the video signal on the A16
• Adjustment of the DAC control voltages provided by
the A7 analog interface assembly.
The CORRECT ON OFF function affects only the digital
offsets of the video signal.
The uncorrected performance of individual assemblies
can be checked by disabling the correction data. The
following corrections are disabled when CORRECT OFF
is selected.
• Step-gain-error correction factors. New correction
factors are produced by the CAL AMPTD
• Bandwidth-amplitude correction factors. New
correction factors are produced by the CAL AMPTD
• Log-scale-fidelity correction factors. New correction
• Input-attenuator correction factors. New correction
• Bandwidth-centering correction factors. New
correction factors are produced by the CAL AMPTD
• Flatness-correction constants. The original
constants are placed in the analyzer memory at the
factory. New constants must be generated manually
using the frequency response adjustment procedure
in Chapter 2 .
• A12 amplitude control step-attenuator-correction
constants. The original constants are placed in the
analyzer memory at the factory. New constants must
be generated manually using the cal attenuator
error correction procedure in Chapter 2 .
578 Chapter 13
The CORRECT ON OFF function does not affect the

following DAC adjustments.
• Resolution bandwidth corrections.
• Reference level amplitude correction.
• YTO frequency and span corrections.
• 10 MHz reference (standard timebase) DAC
correction.
Refer to the CAL AMPTD description in this chapter and
Chapter 4 when the displayed signal exhibits
symptoms of either low or high gain.
CAL FREQ
CAL STORE
DEFAULT CAL DATA
CRT HORZ POSITION CRT Horizontal

Position
DESCRIPTION The softkey provides an adjustment for the horizontal

display position.
• Press CRT HORZ POSITION and use the A1A2 knob on
the front panel to adjust the display.
If the A1A2 knob is turned too far clockwise, the
display will become distorted. This is a normal
response; simply readjust the knob
counterclockwise.
• If desired, press CAL STORE to retain the new
display position.
RELATED SOFTKEYS CRT VERT POSITION
CAL STORE
DEFAULT CAL DATA
Chapter 13 579
CRT VERT POSITION CRT Vertical Position
DESCRIPTION The softkey provides the following adjustment for the

vertical display position.
• Press CRT VERT POSITION and use the A1A2 knob on
the front panel to adjust the display.
• If desired, press CAL STORE to retain the new
display position.
RELATED SOFTKEYS CRT HORZ POSITION
CAL STORE
DEFAULT CAL DATA
DACS DACs
DESCRIPTION Use DACS to change the DAC numbers of the span,

YTO coarse-tune, YTO fine-tune, and YTO FM tune
DACs located on the A7 analog interface assembly. The
following terminator keys are used to select the desired
DAC.
YTO Adjustment DAC Terminator

Selection Key
Span DAC GHz
YTO coarse-tune DAC MHz
YTO fine-tune DAC kHz
YTO FM tune DAC Hz
Press the following keys to select a YTO adjustment

DAC.
SGL SWP
CAL
MORE 1 of 3
MORE 2 of 3
SERVICE DIAG
DACS
Press the terminator key for the desired DAC.
580 Chapter 13
Each DAC may be set to any integer between 0 and

4095 using the A1A2 knob on the front panel. Use the ⇑
and ⇓ keys to make large changes in the DAC settings.
• The ⇑ key increments the DAC setting in an even
binary progression of 0, 2, 4, 8, 16,…, 4096.
• The ⇓ key decrements the DAC setting in an odd
binary progression of 4095, 2047, 1023, 511,…, 1.
information.
RELATED SOFTKEYS COARSE TUNE DAC
FINE TUNE DAC
X FINE TUNE DAC
SERVICE DIAG
MAIN SPAN
Chapter 13 581
DEFAULT CAL DATA Default Calibration Data
DESCRIPTION The current correction-factor data is replaced in

nonvolatile memory by the factory-loaded default
calibration data when DEFAULT CAL DATA is used. The
default data can be used only if a passcode, either
−37 Hz or −2001 Hz, has been entered.
There are two types of correction factors that are
changed when the default data is used.
• Video offsets. They are used on the A16
• DAC settings. They are used on A7 analog interface
assembly.
After entering the passcode and pressing DEFAULT CAL
DATA, the default data can be viewed using DISPLAY
CAL DATA. Figure 13-3 through Figure 13-4 provides
the screen display of the default-calibration data.
Figure 13-5 provides additional information for
analyzers equipped with Option 130.
Note that the default calibration data provided below is
for an 8593E. The default calibration data for your
analyzer may be slightly different.
Figure 13-3 Default Calibration Data: Page 1
582 Chapter 13
Figure 13-4 Default Calibration Data: Page 2
Figure 13-5 Default Calibration Data: Page 3 (Option 130 only)
RELATED SOFTKEYS
DISPLAY CAL DATA
CAL FREQ
CAL AMPTD
CAL TIMEBASE
CORRECT ON OFF
Chapter 13 583
DISPLAY CAL DATA Display Calibration Data
DESCRIPTION Displays the current correction-factor data generated

by the CAL FREQ and CAL AMPTD self-calibration
routines. Refer to Figure 13-6 through Figure 13-8 for
an example of typical calibration data displayed when
using DISPLAY CAL DATA. Press PRESET to exit the data
display.
Note that the calibration data provided below is for an
8593E. The calibration data for your analyzer may be
slightly different.
Figure 13-6 Typical Calibration Data: Page 1
Figure 13-7 Typical Calibration Data: Page 2
584 Chapter 13
Figure 13-8 Typical Calibration Data: Page 3 (Option 130 only)
The following text describes each column of correction

data illustrated in Figure 13-6, Figure 13-7, and Figure
13-8. The sections of Figure 13-6, Figure 13-7, and
Figure 13-8 that contain numbers retain data that is
the same for all analyzers; the data is stored in memory
at the factory and cannot be changed.
• TUNING. These miscellaneous frequency correction
values correct for variations in instrument hardware
performance.
• BW-AMP. The bandwidth amplitude corrections are
mathematical offsets of the digitized video signal on
the A16 processor/video assembly. Refer to the CAL
AMPTD softkey description for more information.
• LC-XTAL. The A7 analog interface assembly uses

these DAC values to adjust the bandwidths of the
21.4 MHz crystal and LC bandwidth filters on the
A11 and A13 Bandwidth Filter assemblies. The CAL
AMPTD self-calibration routine produces DAC values
that adjust each bandwidth to within ±20%.
The 9 kHz and 120 kHz entries are for the 6 dB EMI
resolution bandwidths. All other entries are for the
3 dB resolution bandwidths.
Refer to the CAL AMPTD softkey description for more
information.
• RFATN. The input attenuator corrections are
Chapter 13 585
The 10 dB attenuator step is the amplitude

reference used by the CAL AMPTD self-calibration
routine while calibrating the input attenuator. Refer
to the CAL AMPTD softkey description for more
information about the calibration of the input
attenuators.
Refer to “To check control of the A3 input
attenuator” in Chapter 6 to identify the attenuators
that are in use for a given input attenuation setting.
• SGAIN. The step-gain and linear-gain corrections
are mathematical offsets of the digitized video signal
on the A16 processor/video assembly. The first six
entries in the “SGAIN” column are for the 10 dB step
gains on the A12 amplitude control assembly. The
CAL AMPTD self-calibration routine uses the 10 dB
step gain as an amplitude reference while
calibrating the step gains.
The last four entries in the “SGAIN” column are for
the 10 dB linear gains on the A14 Log Amplifier
assembly.
Refer to the CAL AMPTD softkey description for more
information about the calibration of the step-gain
and linear-gain stages. Refer to Chapter 5 to identify
the gain stages that are in use for a given
reference-level setting.
• GAIN. The reference-level-vernier error corrections
are DAC values that calibrate the reference level at
top-screen during the CAL AMPTD self-calibration
routine.
The first five entries are fixed constants. The second
five entries provide a coarse gain-adjustment of the
A9 Third Converter assembly. Only one DAC value
is produced by the calibration routine and is
duplicated for all five entries. The A7 analog
interface assembly uses the DAC value to adjust the
gain of the A9 assembly. The DAC adjustment range
is from 0 to 255. The higher the DAC value, the
greater the gain on the A9 assembly. Refer to the
CAL AMPTD softkey description for more
information.
• ERR. The ERR column, next to GAIN, is the video
offset “fine tuning” of the reference level calibration.
586 Chapter 13
• CAL ATT ERR. These error corrections are

The first five entries in the “CA ATT ERR” column
are correction constants that correct amplitude
errors for the calibration attenuators on the A12
amplitude control assembly. Currently, the entry for
the 16 dB attenuator is not used.
The calibration attenuators on the A12 amplitude
control assembly are the amplitude reference for the
CAL AMPTD self-calibration routine. The five
constants are stored in nonvolatile memory initially
at the factory. The constants can be retrieved from,
and restored to, nonvolatile memory using the
procedures for backing up analyzer correction
constants in Chapter 3 . When required, new
constants are produced using the Cal Attenuator
adjustment procedures in Chapter 2 .
Refer to the SET ATTN softkey description for more
information about the calibration attenuators on the
A12 assembly.
The second five entries in the “ERR” column are one
correction factor that provides a fine adjustment of
the reference-level during the CAL AMPTD
self-calibration routine. The calibration routine
produces one video offset and stores it for all five
entries.
The video offset is used to make a fine
reference-level adjustment after a coarse
reference-level adjustment is done using the DAC
correction values from “RL-VENR.”
RELATED SOFTKEYS CAL FREQ
CAL AMPTD
DEFAULT CAL DATA
CAL STORE
CAL FETCH
SET ATTN ERROR
CAL TIMEBASE
Chapter 13 587
DROOP Droop
DESCRIPTION Droop disables the reset of the peak detector on the A16
processor/video assembly after each analog-to digital
conversion. When an impulse signal is applied, the
decrease, or droop, in the peak-detector output is
visible. The peak detector will charge up to the peak
value of the input signal and then its amplitude will
decrease over time.
information about the peak detector.
RELATED SOFTKEYS CONF TEST
588 Chapter 13
EDIT FLATNESS Edit Flatness
DESCRIPTION
CAUTION To safeguard the current flatness-correction constants, refer to

Chapter 3 for information about backing up analyzer correction
constants before using this function.
The flatness-correction constants can be viewed or

modified using EDIT FLATNESS.
• To view the flatness-correction constants, do not
enter the passcode before proceeding to EDIT
FLATNESS.
• To edit the flatness data, enter the −2001 Hz

passcode, press CAL and proceed to EDIT FLATNESS.
1. After pressing EDIT FLATNESS, the STORE
FLATNESS softkey appears, and the flatness data
is ready for editing.
2. Use the A1A2 knob, the ⇑ key, or the ⇓ key to
move along the frequency range of the analyzer.
3. Enter the amplitude offset for the desired
frequency point and terminate the entry with
−dBm or +dBm.
CAUTION Avoid pressing the INIT FLT softkey when pressing the STORE FLATNESS
softkey. All the flatness-correction constants will be lost if INIT FLT is
pressed accidentally.
4. Store the flatness constants by pressing STORE

FLATNESS; the new correction constants are
stored and an instrument preset is performed.
• Exit the routine at any time by pressing EXIT: no
changes are made to the existing correction
constants and an instrument preset is performed.
Refer to the frequency response adjustment procedures
in Chapter 2 for complete instructions related to the
flatness-correction constants.
RELATED SOFTKEYS INIT FLT
STORE FLATNESS
FLATNESS DATA
EXIT
Chapter 13 589
EXECUTE TITLE Execute Title
DESCRIPTION Use EXECUTE TITLE to execute remote programming

commands that have been entered from the front-panel
using CHANGE TITLE. Refer to the user's guide, for your
instrument, for more information about CHANGE TITLE.
RELATED SOFTKEYS CHANGE TITLE
EXIT Exit
DESCRIPTION Use EXIT to withdraw from a softkey function. No

changes are made within the function and an
instrument preset is performed.
RELATED SOFTKEYS EDIT FLATNESS
FINE TUNE DAC Fine Tune DAC
DESCRIPTION Displays the output of the YTO fine-tune DAC

produced on the A7 analog interface assembly.
When FINE TUNE DAC is selected, a horizontal line is
displayed in the lower four divisions of the screen. The
line represents the 0 V to −10 V DAC output voltage.
When the YTO DAC voltage becomes more negative,
the YTO frequency is increased, and the displayed line
moves lower on-screen.
information.
590 Chapter 13
FLATNESS DATA Flatness Data
DESCRIPTION Provides access to the softkeys used for viewing or

editing the flatness correction constants. The −2001 Hz
passcode is required when editing the correction data.

STORE FLATNESS
INIT FLT
FM COIL DRIVE FM Coil Drive
DESCRIPTION Displays the output of the FM Coil Driver produced on

the A7 analog interface assembly. Perform the following
steps to observe the output of the FM coil driver For the
FM spans (LO spans less than or equal to 10 MHz).
1. Activate SPAN before pressing CAL to select the FM
COIL DRIVE function.
2. Press FM COIL DRIVE to display a positive-going

ramp.
3. Adjust the span setting while observing the
displayed ramp. The slope of the ramp increases as
the span is increased.
Due to quantization errors, the display appears flat for
LO spans less than 500 kHz. For the main-coil spans
(LO spans greater than 10 MHz) the display is a flat
line.
information.
RELATED SOFTKEYS FM SPAN
FINE TUNE DAC
X FINE TUNE DAC
Chapter 13 591
FM GAIN FM Gain
DESCRIPTION Note that this function is available for 8593E, 8594E,
8594Q, 8595E, and 8596E spectrum analyzers
equipped with Option 102, AM/FM Speaker and TV
Sync Trigger, only.
This softkey duplicates the functions of the FM GAIN
key that is accessed using AUX CTRL. FM GAIN adjusts
the top-to-bottom screen deviation range of a
demodulated FM signal, referenced to center-screen.
The CAL FREQ self-calibration routine calibrates the
FM screen deviation and modulation offset.
Use FM GAIN to do a functional check of the
demodulation circuitry. The CAL OUT signal can be
used in place of a FM modulated signal source.
1. Connect the CAL OUT signal to the analyzer input
and make the following instrument settings.
PRESET
FREQUENCY.................................................300 M
Hz
CF STEP AUTO MAN(MAN).........................500 kHz
SPAN................................................................. 0 Hz
BW...................................................................5 MH
z
AMPLITUDE...................................................−20 dB
m
AUX CTRL
DEMOD
DEMOD ON OFF (ON)
DEMOD AM FM (FM)
FM GAIN
When FM GAIN is first enabled, it has a 100 kHz

deviation from center-screen.
3. Set the maximum deviation from center screen by
entering 500 kHz using the data keys, the A1A2
knob, or the ⇑ and ⇓ keys.
592 Chapter 13
4. Simulate a 500 kHz modulated signal by pressing

the following keys.
FREQUENCY
⇑
If FM GAIN is functioning correctly, the displayed
signal is deflected from center screen to bottom
screen as the center frequency is stepped up 500 kHz
from the original center frequency setting.
5. Press the ⇓ key twice. The displayed signal moves
from bottom-screen to top-screen as the center
frequency is stepped down 500 kHz from the original
center frequency.
RELATED SOFTKEYS DEMOD
DEMOD AM FM
FM OFFSET
Chapter 13 593
FM OFFSET FM Offset
DESCRIPTION Note that this function is available for 8593E, 8594E,

8594Q, 8595E, and 8596E spectrum analyzers
equipped with Option 102, AM/FM Speaker and TV
Sync Trigger, only.
Use FM OFFSET to adjust the horizontal trace for
center-screen with no modulation on the carrier. This
function is useful for adjusting the carrier offset when
FM GAIN is set for a modulated signal with a small
frequency deviation. The CAL FREQ self-calibration
routine calibrates an initial center-screen offset.
Use FM OFFSET to do a functional check of the
demodulation circuitry. The CAL OUT signal can be
used in place of an unmodulated carrier signal.
1. Connect the CAL OUT signal to the analyzer input
and make the following instrument settings.
PRESET
FREQUENCY..............................................300 MHz
SPAN............................................................0 Hz
BW................................................................5 MHz
AMPLITUDE ...............................................−20 dBm

AUX CTRL
DEMOD
DEMOD ON OFF (ON)
DEMOD AM FM (FM)
CAL
MORE 1 of 3
MORE 2 of 3
SERVICE DIAG
MORE 1
MORE 2
MORE 3
MORE 4
FM OFFSET
594 Chapter 13
3. Adjust the position of the horizontal trace to

center-screen using the A1A2 knob.
4. To calculate the actual frequency offset in kHz,
multiply the displayed value by 300.
RELATED SOFTKEYS DEMOD
DEMOD AM FM
FM GAIN
FM SPAN FM Span
DESCRIPTION Displays the FM_SPAN signal from the Span Dividers

on the A7 analog interface assembly.
Perform the following steps to observe the FM-SPAN
signal for FM spans (LO spans less than or equal to
10 MHz).
1. Activate SPAN before pressing CAL to select the FM
SPAN function.
2. Press FM SPAN to display a negative-going ramp.

LO spans less that 500 kHz.
For the main-coil spans (LO spans greater than
10 MHz) the display is a flat line.
Refer to Chapter 6 additional LO troubleshooting
information.
RELATED SOFTKEYS MAIN SPAN
FREQ DIAG Frequency Diagnostics
DESCRIPTION Displays, in real-time, frequency diagnostic information

for the LO section. Refer to Figure 13-9 for the location
of each block of frequency data.
Chapter 13 595
Figure 13-9 LO Frequency Diagnostic Data Display
596 Chapter 13
1 Calculated coarse-tune DAC (0-4095)
2 Sampler harmonic number
3 Calculated sampler IF in Hz
4 Wide-band discriminator sensitivity factor
5 Actual frequency error in Hz on last count
6 Actual measured sampler IF in Hz
7 Actual coarse tune DAC number (0-4095)
8 Main coil sensitivity in number of bits per Hz
9 Actual fine tune DAC number (0-4095)

Spans >10 MHz, changes from sweep to sweep
Spans ≤10 MHz, relatively stable from sweep to
sweep
10 Actual extra-fine tune DAC number (0-4095)
11 Indicates which DAC is being adjusted in the

iteration process; coarse, fine, or extra-fine.
12 Last iterations of the extra-fine tun DAC.

Spans > 10 MHz, readout is in frequency
Spans ≤10 MHz, readout is DAC number
13 Extra-fine tune DAC iterations to get to correct

frequency (not present for spans ≤10 MHz)
14 Fine-tune DAC iterations to get to correct frequency
15 Counter timebase
16 Coarse-tune DAC iterations to get to correct

frequency
17 Drift calculation of marker count, a large difference
between the two LO counts indicates drift (only
present when MKR count is enabled)
18 Discriminator sensitivity factor
19 Sampling oscillator frequency in Hz

information.
RELATED SOFTKEYS DISPLAY CAL DATA
Chapter 13 597
FRQ DISC NORM OFF Frequency

Discriminator Normal/Off
DESCRIPTION Indicates the status of the frequency discriminator as a

function of LO span.
• In LO spans less than or equal to 10 MHz, NORM
should be underlined, indicating the discriminator is
in use.
• In LO spans greater than 10 MHz, OFF should be
underlined, indicating the discriminator is not in
use.
GND REF DETECTOR Ground-Reference

Detector
DESCRIPTION Displays the output of the analog-ground reference

produced on the A16 processor/video assembly. A
horizontal line at the bottom graticule line indicates
that the ADC is adjusted correctly. The ground
reference is produced on the A16 processor/video
assembly.
The CAL AMPTD self-calibration routine uses the
analog-ground reference to calibrate the bottom-screen
level of the main ADC on the A16 processor/video
assembly.
Note that during PRESET the analog-ground and +2 V
signal are used to calibrate the main ADC. The analog
ground and 2 V reference at the input MUX are used
during calibration. If the signals are out of range, the
ADC-GND FAIL or ADC-2V FAIL error messages are
displayed.
IDNUM Identification Number
DESCRIPTION Note that this function applies only to the 8595E and
8596E spectrum analyzers. All other analyzers are
identified through hardware during analyzer
initialization or other means. Refer to Chapter 3 for
598 Chapter 13
additional information about analyzer recovery and

initialization after a A16 Memory Loss.
Selects the identity of the analyzer. There is one
firmware set for the 8590 E-Series and L-Series
spectrum analyzers, 8591C cable TV analyzers,
and 8594Q QAM analyzers. By selecting the
appropriate identification number (IDNUM), the
firmware configures the analyzer to the proper
frequency range and analyzer functions.
The following table shows the relationship between the
IDNUM and the analyzer model number.
IDNUM Analyzer
5 8595E
6 8596E
RELATED SOFTKEYS INIT FLT 22 GHz
INIT FLT Initialize Flatness

CAUTION To safeguard the current flatness-correction constants, refer to Chapter
3 for more information about backing up analyzer correction constants
before using this function.
DESCRIPTION Note that this function is available for 8590L, 8591C,

8591E, 8594E, 8594Q, 8595E, and 8596E spectrum
analyzers only.
Prepares the analyzer memory for the entry of new
flatness correction constants. The −2001 Hz passcode is
required and must be entered before pressing CAL.
INIT FLT performs the following functions.
• Sets up the start frequency, stop frequency, and step

size of the frequency-response-correction points.
• Initializes A16 memory by entering a default value
of 0 dB into memory for all frequency points.
CAUTION The current flatness-correction constants are lost when INIT FLT is
pressed.

STORE FLATNESS
Chapter 13 599
INIT FLT 22 GHz Initialize Flatness 22 GHz
DESCRIPTION Note that this function is available for 8592L and

8593E spectrum analyzers only.
INIT FLT 22 GHz performs the following functions.

size of the frequency-response-correction points up
to 22 GHz.
CAUTION The current flatness-correction constants are lost when INIT FLT,
INIT FLT 22 GHz, or INIT FLT 26.5 GHz is pressed.

INIT FLT 26.5 GHz
STORE FLATNESS
INIT FLT 26.5 GHz Initialize Flatness

26.5 GHz
DESCRIPTION Be sure to use INIT FLT 26.5 GHz for instruments with
Option 026, 26.5 GHz extended-frequency range, only.
INIT FLT 26.5 GHz performs the following functions.

size of the frequency-response-correction points up
to 26.5 GHz.
CAUTION The current flatness-correction constants are lost when INIT FLT 22 GHz
or INIT FLT 26.5 GHz is pressed.
600 Chapter 13

INIT FLT 22 GHz
STORE FLATNESS
MAIN COIL DR Main-Coil Drive
DESCRIPTION Displays the output of the main-coil driver produced on

the A7 analog interface assembly. Perform the following
steps to observe the output of the main-coil driver.
1. Activate either SPAN or CENTER FREQ, as needed.
2. Press CAL to select the MAIN COIL DR function.
3. Change either the span or center-frequency setting
and observe the displayed signal.
• When the span setting is increased (For LO spans
greater than 10 MHz), the positive slope of the
displayed ramp increases.
Due to quantization errors, the display appears
flat for LO spans less than 500 MHz.
• When the center frequency setting is increased
within a band, the vertical position of the ramp
moves up the screen. The vertical position of the
ramp is a function of the YTO tune frequency.
The combination of the ramp slope and vertical position
represents a voltage that is proportional to the current
in the A6 YTO main coil.
information.
RELATED SOFTKEYS FM COIL DRIVE
Chapter 13 601
MAIN SPAN Main Span
DESCRIPTION Displays the main-coil-span signal, MC_SPAN, from

the span dividers on the A7 analog interface assembly.
Perform the following steps to observe MC_SPAN for
the main-coil spans (LO spans greater than 10 MHz).
1. Press SPAN before pressing CAL.
2. Press MAIN SPAN to display a negative-going ramp.
the span increases.
LO spans less than 100 MHz.
For FM coil spans (LO spans less than or equal to
10 MHz), the display is a flat line.
information.
RELATED SOFTKEYS FM SPAN
MIXER BIAS DAC Mixer-Bias DAC

Displays the output of the mixer-bias DAC from the
first-converter driver on the A7 analog interface
assembly. This DAC provides a bias current for the
high-band mixer in the A3A6 Dual-Band Mixer. The
instrument must be in a single-band sweep for the
display to be valid.
The top four display divisions represent the DAC range
of 0 V to +10 V. A horizontal line, representing the DAC
output voltage, is displayed within the top four
divisions. The DAC voltage should not change within a
frequency band.
information.
RELATED SOFTKEYS CAL MXR
602 Chapter 13
PRESEL DAC Preselector DAC

Peaks the YTF preselector by manually adjusting the
YTF fine-tune DAC. The front-panel entry range for the
DAC is from 1 to 3840.
The analyzer firmware adds the entered value to an
8-bit value (0 to 255), yielding a result between 1 and
4095. This result then drives the 12-bit YTF fine-tune
DAC.
Be sure to use either PRESET or PRESEL DEFAULT to set
the PRESEL DAC to an initial value of 2048.
RELATED SOFTKEYS CAL YTF
PRESEL DEFAULT
QP DET ON OFF Quasi-Peak Detector On/Off

spectrum analyzers, 8591C cable TV analyzers, and
8594Q QAM analyzers only.
QP DET ON OFF turns the quasi-peak detector on or off.
RELATED SOFTKEYS QP GAIN ON OFF

QP RST ON OFF
QPD OFFSET
QP GAIN ON OFF Quasi-Peak GAIN On/Off

QP GAIN ON OFF amplifies the video signal ten times
(20 dB).
Note that the reference level offset is not changed. The
marker readout and reference level readout must be
divided by 10 to obtain the correct amplitude readout.
Chapter 13 603
RELATED SOFTKEYS QP DET ON OFF

QP RST ON OFF
QPD OFFSET
QPD OFFSET Quasi-Peak Detector Offset
DESCRIPTION Sets the offset of the quasi-peak detector.

Note that this function is available for 8590 E-Series
For accurate quasi-peak measurements, QPD OFFSET
should be set to a value of 29. The quasi-peak detector
offset is set to a value of 29 by pressing PRESET.
QP GAIN ON OFF
QP RST ON OFF
QPD RST ON OFF Quasi-Peak Detector Reset

On/Off

QPD RST ON OFF discharges and resets the quasi-peak
detector.
QP GAIN ON OFF
QPD OFFSET
SERVICE CAL Service Calibration
DESCRIPTION Provides access to the service-softkey functions.

RELATED SOFTKEYS Refer to Figure 13-1 and Figure 13-2.
604 Chapter 13
SERVICE DIAG Service Diagnostics
DESCRIPTION Provides access to the service-diagnostic softkey

functions. For selected service softkeys, an abbreviation
for the active service function appears in the detector
display block. The display block is located in the upper
left-hand corner of the display.
RELATED SOFTKEYS Refer to Figure 13-1 and Figure 13-2.
SET ATTN ERROR Set Attenuator Error
DESCRIPTION Note that to avoid losing correction-constant data,

make a backup copy of all correction data before
servicing the analyzer.
Refer to DISPLAY CAL DATA and EDIT FLATNESS for the
location of the correction data.
The step attenuators on the A12 amplitude control
assembly are the relative amplitude reference for the
CAL AMPTD routine. Four of the five step attenuators
(the 1 dB, 2 dB, 4 dB, and 8 dB steps) are used.
Currently, the 16 dB attenuator step is not used.
If the factory-loaded attenuator-correction constants
are no longer valid, new attenuator-correction
constants must be developed for the following
circumstances.
• A new A12 amplitude control assembly is installed.
• A new A16 processor/video assembly is installed.
• The battery-backed nonvolatile memory contains
errors caused by any one of the following.
❏ A dead BT101 battery.
❏ Correction data accidentally altered by the user
after he has entered the passcode and gained
access to the SERVICE CAL softkeys.
❏ Defective hardware on the A16 assembly.
Refer to “6. Cal Attenuator Error” Chapter 2 to
characterize the four attenuator steps and produce new
attenuator correction constants.
Chapter 13 605
Enter the new correction constants into A16 RAM with

the following procedure.
PRESET
SET ATTN ERROR
2. The data-entry instruction for the 1 dB step, ENTER

CAL ATTEN ERROR 1, is displayed in the
active-function block, just below the active entry for
the reference-level-offset value, REF LVL
OFFSET.
3. Enter the characterization data for the 1 dB, 2 dB,
4 dB, and 8 dB steps, with a 0.01 dB resolution for
each entry.
4. Terminate each entry with either the +dBm or −dBm
key.
5. Enter the original factory value, or a default value of
0 dBm, for the 16 dB step.
After each entry the characterized value is
displayed, with 0.1 dB resolution, to the left of the
graticule, followed by the offset-reference-level
indicator, OFFSET.
If desired, use DISPLAY CAL DATA to review the new
attenuator-characterization data with 0.01 dB
resolution. Refer to DISPLAY CAL DATA for an
explanation of the displayed calibration data.
DISPLAY CAL DATA
606 Chapter 13
STOR PWR ON UNITS Store Power-On Units
DESCRIPTION Allows the user to change the amplitude display units

that appear at instrument power-on or when PRESET is
pressed. The following amplitude display units can be
selected: dBm, dBmV, dBµV, Volts, and Watts. For
example, pressing the following keys sets the analyzer
power-on units to read out in dBmV in log mode, volts
in linear mode, and input impedance to 50 or 75 ohms.
PRESET
AMPLITUDE, MORE 1 of 2, INPUT Z (50) or (75)
AMPLITUDE, SCALE LOG LIN (LOG), MORE 1 of 2,

AMPTD UNITS, dBmV
AMPLITUDE, SCALE LOG LIN (LIN), MORE 1 of 2,

AMPTD UNITS, Volts
CAL, MORE 1 of 3, MORE 2 of 3, SERVICE CAL,

STOR PWR ON UNITS
Note that selecting INPUT Z (50) ensures that the

analyzer will make amplitude calculations based on a
50Ω system. Select INPUT Z (75) for instruments
equipped with 75Ω input. Changing INPUT Z does not
affect the input impedance of the analyzer.
To return the analyzer to the standard power-on
settings, use the procedures in “Analyzer Initialization”
in Chapter 3 of this service guide.
Chapter 13 607
STORE FLATNESS Store Flatness
DESCRIPTION Note that the STORE FLATNESS softkey is accessible

only after entering the −2001 Hz passcode prior to
pressing the CAL and EDIT FLATNESS softkeys.
After entering new flatness-correction constants, use
STORE FLATNESS to store them in nonvolatile memory.
STP GAIN ZERO Step-Gain Zero
DESCRIPTION Disables the two 20-dB step-gain amplifiers on the A12

amplitude control assembly. While disabled, the A12
assembly provides the same gain for all reference-level
settings of −10 dBm and below.
The two amplifiers are disabled as part of the A14 Log
Amplifier adjustment procedure in Chapter 2 . Use
PRESET to reset the step-gain amplifiers.
SWEEP RAMP Sweep Ramp
DESCRIPTION Displays the RAMP signal from the Sweep-Ramp

Generator on the A7 analog interface assembly. The
RAMP signal has a range of −10 V to +10 V. A
positive-going ramp extending from the lower-left
corner of the screen to the upper-right corner
represents a normal RAMP signal.
information.
608 Chapter 13
SWEEP TIME DAC Sweep-Time DAC
DESCRIPTION Displays the output of the sweep-time DAC, SWP_DAC,

from the sweep-ramp generator on the A7 analog
interface assembly. The top graticule represents +10 V
and the bottom represents −10 V.
The sweep times are grouped into three ranges.
• 20 milliseconds to less than 300 milliseconds.
• 300 milliseconds to less than 6 seconds.
• 6 seconds to 100 seconds.
Within each range, a negative voltage is displayed and
becomes more negative as the sweep time is decreased.
information.
RELATED SOFTKEYS SWEEP RAMP
VERIFY TIMEBASE Verify Timebase
DESCRIPTION Note that instruments equipped with Precision

Frequency Reference do not use this softkey function.
Allows the DAC value for the 10 MHz timebase to be
changed temporarily. Either the −37 Hz or the
−2001 Hz passcode must be entered to activate this
function.
This function is used to verify the settability
specification for the timebase. Refer to the 10 MHz
reference accuracy verification test in the calibration
guide for your instrument.
RELATED SOFTKEYS CAL TIMEBASE
Chapter 13 609
X FINE TUNE DAC Extra-Fine Tune DAC
DESCRIPTION Displays the output of the YTO extra-fine-tune DAC,

FM_TUNE, on the A7 analog interface assembly.
The lower four divisions of the screen represent a 0 to
−10 V output range. Midscreen represents 0 V and
bottom-screen represents −10 V. The DAC voltage level
is displayed as a horizontal line within the four
divisions.
information.
FINE TUNE DAC
DACS
YTF DRIVER YTF Driver

Displays the output of the sample-and-hold circuit in
the YTF span divider and driver on the A7 analog
interface assembly. This signal is then converted to a
current to drive the YTF.
The instrument must be in a single-band sweep for the
bottom-screen represents −10 V.
A ramp is displayed for all spans except zero span. In
zero span, a horizontal line is displayed.
The displayed voltage is the sum of the YTF fine-tune
DAC, YTF coarse-tune DAC, and YTF span voltages.
The voltage becomes more negative as the tuned
frequency increases.
information.
RELATED SOFTKEYS YTF TUNE COARSE
YTF TUNE FINE
YTF SPAN
610 Chapter 13
YTF TUNE COARSE YTF Tune Coarse

Displays the output of the YTF coarse-tune DAC
produced on the A7 analog interface assembly.
The DAC voltage level is displayed as a horizontal line
within the four lower divisions. The voltage becomes
more negative as the center frequency is increased.
information.
RELATED SOFTKEYS YTF TUNE FINE
YTF DRIVER
YTF SPAN
YTF TUNE FINE YTF Tune Fine

Displays the output of the YTF fine-tune DAC on the
Analog Interface assembly. This DAC voltage provides
only fine adjustment of the YTF tuning; there is no
direct correlation between the DAC voltage and the
center-frequency setting.
The DAC voltage level is displayed as a horizontal line
within the four lower divisions.
Refer Chapter 6 for further troubleshooting
information.
Chapter 13 611

PRESEL DAC
PRESEL DEFAULT
YTF SPAN YTF Span

Displays the output of the YTF span divider,
YTF_SPAN, on the A7 analog interface assembly.
The analyzer must be in a single-band sweep for the
display to be valid. The swept range of the A3A8 YTF
cannot exceed 7 GHz.
Perform the following steps to observe YTF_SPAN.
1. Press SPAN before pressing CAL.
2. Press YTF SPAN to display a negative-going ramp,
centered about the center horizontal graticule.
4. Press YTF SPAN after each change in span setting.
For spans of less than 200 MHz, the display appears
flat, due to quantization errors.
information.
YTF TUNE FINE
YTF DRIVER
612 Chapter 13
14 Analyzer Messages
Refer to this chapter for information about hardware-error, user-error,

and informational messages that are displayed when a problem with
the operation of the analyzer occurs.
613
Analyzer Messages
Interpreting Analyzer Messages

The analyzer firmware displays error messages and informational
prompts to warn the user of instrument failure or improper use.
There are three types of messages: hardware-error messages (H),
informational messages (M), and user-created error messages (U).
• Hardware-error messages indicate that the firmware has detected a
fault in the analyzer hardware.
• Informational messages provide prompts or messages to inform the
user of the analyzer status during a specific routine.
• User-created error messages indicate the analyzer is being used
incorrectly. They are usually generated during remote operation.
What's in This Chapter

Each analyzer message is listed in alphabetical order. The following
information is provided, where applicable:
• The message type, identified by an H, M, or U.
• An operational definition for each analyzer message.
• The related analyzer assembly, or assemblies, that is the likely cause
of the problem defined by the hardware-error message.
• Relevant troubleshooting hints.
614 Chapter 14
Analyzer Messages
φ LOCK OFF (U) (H)

Indicates slow YTO tuning. This message may appear if the analyzer is
using default correction factors. φ LOCK OFF appears briefly during
the CAL FREQ routine, during instrument preset, or when the
frequency value is changed; this is normal and does not indicate a
problem.
Related Assemblies
A6 YTO, A9 third converter, A25 counter lock.
Troubleshooting Hints
If this message appears constantly, perform the CAL FREQ routine to
try to eliminate this message.
ADC-GND FAIL (H)

During an instrument preset, the analog-to-digital converter reading
for ground on the A16 processor/video assembly is outside the test limit.
An instrument preset routine is also performed during the
self-calibration routines.
Related Assemblies
A7 analog interface, A8 power supply, A15 motherboard, A16
processor/video assembly, assemblies installed in the card cage.
The +15 V and -15 V supplies from the A8 power supply can cause this
error message. If the power-supply LEDs for both power supplies are
on, check that the supplies are within tolerance using the test points on
the A16 processor/video assembly.A voltage greater than +10 Vdc on
pins 1,3,5,7, or 31 of A16J1 can cause this error message. Refer to
Figure 14-2 for the numbering order of the A16J1 connector pins that
are accessible from the component side of the A16 assembly. If a voltage
greater than +10 V is present on any one of the A16J1 pins indicated,
use Table 14-2 to locate the source of the error message.
Chapter 14 615
Analyzer Messages
Table 14-1 Possible Cause of the Error Message ADC-GND FAIL
A16J1 Possible Error-Message Source

Pin Number
1 A14 log amplifier assembly

An assembly installed in the card cage
3 An assembly installed in the card cage
7 A16 processor/video assembly

Signal incorrectly applied to the AUX VIDEO
output
31 A7 analog interface
616 Chapter 14
Analyzer Messages
Before removing the A16 processor/video assembly, check all assemblies

that are identified in Table 14-1.
1. Turn the instrument power off and remove each assembly, one at a
time.
2. Turn the instrument on.
• If the ADC ground fault remains, the instrument preset at
power-up displays the error message.
• If the error message goes away, the last assembly removed is the
cause of the problem.
• If the error message remains after the removal of all related
assemblies, suspect the A16 processor/video assembly.
An ADC ground failure can also be checked manually, using the service
diagnostic. Press CAL, More 1 of 4, More 2 of 4, Service Diag, More 1, GND
REF DETECTOR.
Chapter 14 617
Analyzer Messages
ADC-TIME FAIL (H)

During an instrument preset, the time between analog-to-digital
conversion readings is greater than the test limit. An instrument preset
routine is also performed during the self-calibration routines.
Related Assemblies
If the instrument does not sweep, and all other instrument functions
are normal, the probable cause of the error message is a defective A16
ADC-2V FAIL (H)

During an instrument preset, the analog-to-digital converter reading
for the +2 V reference on the A16 processor/video assembly is outside
the test limit. An instrument preset routine is also performed during
the self-calibration routines.
Related Assemblies
A8 power supply, A15 motherboard, A16 processor/video assembly,
assemblies installed in the card cage.
The +15 V and −15 V supplies from the A8 power supply can cause this
problem. If the power-supply LEDs for both supplies are on, check that
the supplies are within tolerance using the test points on the A16
A voltage greater than +10 Vdc on pins 1, 3, 5, 7, or 31 of A16J1 can
cause this error message. Refer to Figure 14-2 for the numbering order
of the A16J1 connector pins that are accessible from the component side
of the A16 assembly. If a voltage greater than +10 V is present on any
one of the A16J1 pins indicated, use Figure 14-2 to locate the source of
the error message.
618 Chapter 14
Analyzer Messages
Table 14-2 Possible Cause of the Error Message ADC-2V FAIL
A16J1 Possible Error-Message Source

Pin Number
1 A14 log amplifier assembly An assembly installed in the card cage
7 A16 processor/video assembly

Signal incorrectly applied to the AUX VIDEO output
31 A7 analog interface assembly
Chapter 14 619
Analyzer Messages
Before removing the A16 processor/video assembly, check all assemblies

that are identified in Table 14-2.
1. Turn the instrument power off and remove each assembly, one at a
time.
2. Turn the instrument on.
• If the ADC 2 V fault remains, the instrument preset at power-up
displays the error message.
• If the error message goes away, the last assembly removed is the
cause of the problem.
• If the error message remains after the removal of all related
assemblies, suspect the A16 processor/video assembly.
Check the ADC 2 V reference voltage on the A16 processor/video
assembly. Refer to 8590 Series Analyzers Component-Level Repair
Service Guide for the location of the 2 V reference circuit in the
analog-to-digital function block.
A 2 V reference failure can also be checked manually, using the service
diagnostics. Press CAL, More 1 of 4, More 2 of 4, Service Diag, More 1,
2v REF DETECTOR.
620 Chapter 14
Analyzer Messages
CAL:_ _ _ (M)
During the self-calibration routine, messages may appear on the
display to indicate how the calibration routines are progressing. For
example, sweep, freq, span, MC delay, FM coil, and atten can appear
on the analyzer display.
Please note that it is normal for the φ LOCK OFF and REF
UNLOCK error messages to appear briefly during CAL FREQ.
If the firmware detects a problem during the self-calibration routine,
the routine will stop and display an error message (H). Refer to the
appropriate error-message description in this section.
CAL:_ _ _: done Press CAL STORE to save (M)

Indicates that the self-calibration routine is finished and that you
should press CAL STORE.
CAL: cannot execute CALAMP

enter: 0 dB PREAMP GAIN (U)(H)
The preamplifier gain is not set to 0 dB. The preamplifier gain must be
set to 0 dB for the CAL AMPTD routine to be performed.
Reset the preamplifier gain to 0 dB using the following routines.
1. Press AMPLITUDE, More 1 of 3, EXTERNAL PREAMPG and set the
preamplifier gain to 0 dB.
2. Perform the CAL AMPTD routine.
3. Press CAL STORE to store the new calibration factors and the
preamplifier setting of 0 dB.
Please note that pressing PRESET does not initialize the preamp-gain
setting to 0 dB.
If this message is still displayed after resetting the preamp gain, it is
likely there is a failure in RAM on the A16 processor/video assembly.
Chapter 14 621
Analyzer Messages
CAL: DATA NOT STORED

CAL AMP NEEDED (U)(H)
The current correction-factor data is the default calibration data. The
instrument firmware prevents the default data from being stored.
While the default data is in use, a flag is set. If CAL STORE is pressed,
the error message is displayed and CAL STORE is disabled. Successful
completion of the CAL AMPTD routine clears the flag.
Related Assemblies
A16 processor/video assembly
Perform the CAL FREQ and CAL AMPTD. For 8592L, 8593E, 8595E, and
8596E spectrum analyzers, also perform the CAL YTF routine. If the
error message reappears after pressing CAL STORE, the CAL AMPTD
routine was not successfully completed.
Pressing CAL FETCH also clears the correction-data error flag and can
permit erroneous data to be stored. Use CAL FETCH only for
troubleshooting.
CAL: FM SPAN SENS FAIL (H)

During the CAL FREQ self-calibration routine, the analyzer cannot set
the span sensitivity of the FM coil. The output of the fine-tune DAC,
located on the A7 analog interface assembly, is changed to move the
displayed signal four divisions. If the signal does not move to within
± 1.25 divisions of the expected display position, the error message is
displayed.
Related Assemblies
8590L and 8591E spectrum analyzers only: A6 YTO, A7 analog
interface.
All other 8590 E-Series and L-Series spectrum analyzers: A3A7 YTO,
A7 analog interface.
Perform the CAL FREQ routine again.
622 Chapter 14
Analyzer Messages
CAL: GAIN FAIL (H)

During the CAL AMPTD routine, the amplitude of the video signal at the
ADC on the A16 processor/video assembly is too low. The error message
appears when the reference-level-calibration DAC, located on the A7
analog interface assembly, has been adjusted to its maximum of 255,
and the amplitude of the video signal remains below tolerance.
Related Assemblies
8590L and 8591E spectrum analyzers only: A3 input attenuator, A4
first converter, A5 second converter, A6 YTO, A7 analog interface, A9
third converter, A11 bandwidth filter, A12 amplitude control, A13
bandwidth filter, A14 log amplifier.
All other 8590 E-Series and L-Series spectrum analyzers: A3 front end,
A7 analog interface, A9 third converter, A11 bandwidth filter, A12
amplitude control, A13 bandwidth filter, A14 log amplifier.
The CAL AMPTD routine checks the amplitude of the video signal as it
adjusts the A7 reference-level-calibration DAC. Normally, the
video-signal amplitude should move within tolerance as the A7 DAC
changes the gain of the IF calibration amplifier on the A9 third
converter assembly. Figure 9-1, IF/Control Overall Block Diagram, and
Figure 9-2, Figure 9-3, or Figure 9-4, RF Section Overall Block Diagram
for more information.
Check the signal amplitude along the signal path from the RF input,
through the IF section, to the output of the A14 log amplifier. Refer to
“Isolating an RF, LO, IF, or Video Problem” in Chapter 4 for further
troubleshooting information.
Cal harmonic >= 5.7 GHz NOT found (U)(H)

Indicates that the CAL YTF routine for an 8595E cannot find a
harmonic of the 300 MHz calibration signal.
Related Assemblies
A9 third converter.
Ensure that the CAL OUT connector is connected to the analyzer input,
perform the CAL FREQ &AMPTD routine, and then perform the CAL
YTF routine again.
Chapter 14 623
Analyzer Messages
CAL: MAIN COIL SENSE FAIL (H)

The analyzer could not set up span sensitivity of the main coil.
Related Assemblies
interface.
A7 analog interface.
If this message appears, press FREQUENCY, −37, Hz, CAL, More 1 of 4,
More 2 of 4, DEFAULT CAL DATA, and perform the CAL FREQ routine
again.
CAL: NBW 200 Hz notch amp failed (H)

Indicates that the 200 Hz resolution bandwidth is not the correct shape
for the calibration routine.
Related Assemblies
A130 narrow resolution bandwidth card.
Perform the CAL AMPTD.
CAL: NBW 200 Hz notch failed (H)

Indicates that the 200 Hz resolution bandwidth is not the correct shape
Related Assemblies
624 Chapter 14
Analyzer Messages
CAL: NBW 200 Hz width failed (H)

Indicates that the 200 Hz resolution bandwidth is not the correct
bandwidth for the calibration routine.
Related Assemblies
CAL: NBW gain failed (H)

Indicates that one of the resolution bandwidths is not the correct
amplitude for the calibration routine.
Related Assemblies
CAL: NBW width failed (H)

Indicates that one of the resolution bandwidths is not the correct width
Related Assemblies
CAL: PASSCODE NEEDED (M)

The service function executed cannot be performed without the service
passcode.
Before performing any function that requires a service passcode, be
sure you understand the consequences of the function. Improper use of
functions that require a passcode can delete factory correction
constants that are difficult to replace.
Refer to the passcode information in Chapter 13 for information about
the proper use of the passcodes.
Chapter 14 625
Analyzer Messages
CAL: RES BW AMPL FAIL (H)

During the CAL AMPTD routine, the insertion loss of a resolution
bandwidth filter, relative to the amplitude of the 3 kHz resolution
bandwidth filter, was greater than 2.2 dB.
Related Assemblies
A7 analog interface, A11 bandwidth filter, A13 bandwidth filter, A14 log
amplifier/detector.
The CAL AMPTD routine will stop at the resolution bandwidth that
failed. If the A11/A13 bandwidth filter assemblies require realignment,
use the crystal and LC bandwidth filter adjustment procedures in
Chapter 2.
If a defective bandwidth filter board is suspected, refer to “IF
Power-Level Measurement” in Chapter 5.
CAL SIGNAL NOT FOUND (U)(H)

During a self-calibration routine, the CAL OUT signal cannot be found.
The primary purpose of the CAL OUT check is to confirm that CAL
OUT is connected to the input. A CAL OUT signal that is not within
300 MHz ±50 MHz, or is not greater than or equal to −45 dBm, causes
this error message to be displayed.
Related Assemblies
A7 analog interface, A9 third converter.
If one of the following conditions are present, the error message is
displayed.
• The CAL OUT signal is missing. Ensure that the CAL OUT is
connected to the input connector using the CAL OUT cable supplied
with the analyzer.
Refer to Table 1-4 for the part number of the CAL OUT cable.
If the calibration cable is connected properly, manually check the
CAL OUT signal.
• The CAL OUT signal is not within ±50 MHz of 300 MHz, or it has an
amplitude less than or equal to −45 dBm. The test limits are large
enough to indicate an obvious failure for either the CAL OUT signal
or the analyzer.
• The DEFAULT CAL DATA is in use and the frequency of the CAL
OUT signal appears out of tolerance.
626 Chapter 14
Analyzer Messages
The default data introduces frequency offsets that can make an

accurate CAL OUT signal appear to be outside the test limits for the
CAL OUT check. If desired, the instrument CAL OUT check can be
bypassed. Enter the −37 Hz passcode before pressing CAL and the
desired self-calibration softkey.
Refer to the description of DEFAULT CAL DATA in Chapter 13 for
additional information.
• The analyzer has extremely low gain. Refer to Chapter 4.
Be sure to perform all internal self-calibration routines after resolving
the calibration signal problem. Refer to the calibration guide for your
instrument.
NOTE Instrument firmware expects the cal output signal to be 300 MHz
± 2 MHz. Sometimes the instrument default data is not able to tune the
cal signal within this range and a “cal signal not found” message may
appear on screen. Perform a cal output bypass check by pressing
Frequency, -37, Hz, Cal, Cal Freq. This will bypass the cal check and start
by calibrating the sweep ramp.
CAL: SPAN SENS FAIL (H)

During the CAL FREQ self-calibration routine the main-coil
span-sensitivity adjustment routine has failed, indicating that the
spans controlled by the main coil (LO spans greater than 10 MHz) are
not working correctly. The span-sensitivity adjustment routine checks
for three displayed signals: 0 Hz, 300 MHz, and 600 MHz. If three
signals are not found in a 750 MHz span, the error message is
displayed.
Related Assemblies
interface, A9 third converter, A16 processor/video assembly.
A7 analog interface, A9 third converter, A16 processor/video assembly.
Spurious signals can cause this routine to fail.
Refer to the MAIN SPAN softkey description for further information in
Chapter 13.
Chapter 14 627
Analyzer Messages
CAL: USING DEFAULT DATA (M)

The CAL AMPTD routine was not completed and default correction
factors are being used.
Interruption of the CAL AMPTD routine can cause the routine to
terminate and produce this message.
Refer to Chapter 13 for more information about DEFAULT CAL DATA.
CAL YTF FAILED (U)(H)

Indicates that the CAL YTF routine could not be successfully
completed.
Related Assemblies
8592L and 8593E model analyzers only: A3A2 microwave switch, A3A8
YIG-tuned filter, A7 analog interface assembly.
All other 8590 E-Series spectrum analyzers and 8591C cable TV
analyzers: (except 8594E and 8594Q) A3A8 switched YIG-tuned filter,
A7 analog interface assembly.
If this message appears, ensure that the CAL OUT connector (for the
8595E) or 100 MHz COMB OUT connector (for the 8592L, 8593E, or
8596E) is connected to the analyzer input, perform the CAL FREQ
&AMPTD routine, and then perform the CAL YTF routine again.
CAL: ZERO FAIL (H)

The analyzer could not set up the tuning sensitivity of the main coil.
Related Assemblies
interface assembly.
A7 analog interface assembly.
again.
628 Chapter 14
Analyzer Messages
Cannot engage phase lock with current

CAL FREQ data (U)
Indicates that the CAL FREQ routine needs to be performed before
phase locking can be turned on.
Related Assemblies
A9 third converter assembly.
again.
Cannot reach N dB points (U)

Indicates that the number of dB specified for the N dB PTS function is
greater than the distance of the signal peak from the analyzer noise
floor or peak threshold.
Related Assemblies
A9 third converter, A16 processor/video assembly.
Access the detector by pressing TRACE, More 1 of 3, DETECTOR SMP PK.
Toggle between SAMPLE and PEAK detector while looking for a
difference in trace amplitude. If there appears to be a drastic difference
in amplitude, the problem lies in the PEAK detector section of the A16
Check trigger input (U)

Indicates that the analyzer needs an external trigger signal to use the
time-gating functions.
Related Assemblies
A16 processor/video assembly, A105 gated video board assembly.
Ensure there is a trigger pulse connected to the GATE TRIGGER
INPUT connector on the rear panel of analyzer and that the GATE
OUTPUT is connected the EXT TRIG INPUT connector.
Chapter 14 629
Analyzer Messages
Comb harmonic at_ _ _ GHz NOT found (U)(H)

Indicates that the CAL YTF routine for the analyzer cannot find a
harmonic of the comb generator at frequency displayed.
Related Assemblies
8590L and 8591E spectrum analyzers only: A3A8 YIG-tuned filter, A7
analog interface assembly.
All other 8590 E-Series and L-Series spectrum analyzers: (except
8594D) A3A8 switched YIG-tuned filter, A7 analog interface assembly.
Ensure that the 100 MHz COMB OUT connector (for an 8592L, 8593E,
or 8596E) or the CAL OUT connector (for an 8595E) is connected to the
analyzer input with a low-loss, short cable before the CAL YTF routine
is performed.
COMB SIGNAL NOT FOUND (U)(H)

This message applies to 8592L, 8593E, 8596E model analyzers only.
During the CAL YTF self-calibration routine, the comb signal cannot be
found.
Related Assemblies
A3A1 comb generator, A3A11 step-recovery diode, A3A12 3dB
attenuator, J2 comb-generator output connector.
• Make sure that the 100 MHz COMB OUT is connected to the
analyzer input using the comb generator cable (SMA to Type N)
supplied with the analyzer. (A comb generator cable (SMA to SMA)
is supplied with Option 026 instruments.)
• Perform the following steps to verify the comb-generator output
manually.
PRESET
FREQUENCY, 100, MHz
SPAN, 500, MHz
630 Chapter 14
Analyzer Messages
2. Look for the 100 MHz comb-generator signal to the right of the
local oscillator signal. When COMB GEN ON OFF is OFF, this
signal has an amplitude of approximately –8 dBm and the
100 MHz harmonics are less than –20 dBc.
AUX CTRL
COMB GEN ON OFF (On)
3. When the comb-generator output amplifier is enabled, the
amplitude of the 100 MHz signal and the 100 MHz harmonics
increase. The 100 MHz signal amplitude increases to
approximately +12 dBm.
❏ If the signal amplitude does not increase, check that the
comb-generator control line from the A7 analog interface
assembly is switching correctly.
Refer to Figure 9-2, Figure 9-3, or Figure 9-4, RF Section
Overall Block Diagram for your analyzer, for the
comb-generator control voltage values.
❏ If the A7 control line is correct, suspect the A3A11
step-recovery diode or the A3A1 comb generator.
Refer to Figure 9-2, Figure 9-3, or Figure 9-4, RF Section Overall Block
Diagram for your analyzer, for more information.
COMMAND ERROR:_ _ _ (U)

The specified programming command is not recognized by the analyzer.
Related Assemblies
Refer to the 8590 E-Series and L-Series Spectrum Analyzers, and 8591C
Cable TV Analyzer Programmer's Guide for a description of legal
commands.
CONF TEST FAIL (U)(H)

Indicates that the confidence test failed. If this happens, ensure that
the CAL OUT connector is connected to the analyzer input, perform the
CAL FREQ &AMPTD routine, and then perform the confidence test
again. This message also sets SRQ 110.
The confidence test routine identifies the analyzer function that failed
the test. Refer to the CONF TEST description in Chapter 13 for more
information.
Chapter 14 631
Analyzer Messages
Factory DLP, not adaptable (U)

Indicates that the downloadable program or variable that you have
selected is used by a “personality” and cannot be edited. A personality is
a program that is manufactured by Agilent Technologies and is
available for use with the 8590 Series analyzer. An example of a
personality is the 85716A CATV system monitor personality.
FAIL: XXXX XXXXXXXXXX (H)

A circuit-test failure was detected by the central processing unit (CPU)
during power-up or instrument preset. A failure code has two major
parts: a 4-digit code followed by a 10-digit code. The 10-digit code
contains three separate failure codes. Each failure code must be
converted from hexadecimal to binary before it can be interpreted,
using Table 14-3 through Table 14-6.
Component-level information is provided with this error message
description. Refer to the 8590 Series Analyzers Component-Level Repair
Service Guide binder for further information about the indicated
components.
The Four-Digit Failure Code

The four-digit failure code identifies the circuit location of the failure on
the A16 processor/video assembly. Component-level failure information
is also provided. Each digit of the four-digit hexadecimal segment must
be translated to its binary equivalent before using Table 14-3 to locate
the probable failure.
The 16 LEDs along the right-hand side of the A16 assembly provide the
same error information that is contained in the 4-digit failure code. Use
Table 14-3 to interpret the illuminated LEDs for an instrument failure.
Here is an example of a failure code. It is unlikely that an analyzer
would have so severe a failure involving all the components indicated.
The example is for demonstration only.
FAIL: DF40 0625C1F72D
The four-digit failure code (DF40) is interpreted in Table 14-3. The three
fail codes within the 10-digit section (0625C1F72D) are interpreted in
the “The 10-Digit Failure Code” description.
632 Chapter 14
Analyzer Messages
Table 14-3 Four-Digit Failure Code Interpretation
Digits From Equivalent A16 A16 Circuit Tested A16 Reference

Example Binary Value LEDs Designator
D→ 8 16 Video RAM * U305, U306
→ 4 15 I/O Bus Address * U18
2 14 CPU U12
→ 1 13 68230 U57
F→ 8 12† I/O Bus (Odd byte) U2
→ 4 11 I/O Bus (Even byte) U3
→ 2 10 User RAM U5
→ 1 9 User RAM U22
8 8 User RAM U5
4→ 4 7 User RAM U22
6 NOT USED
5 NOT USED
8 4 ROM (Odd B LSB) U6
4 3 ROM (Even B LSB) U23
2 2 ROM (Odd A LSB) U7
0 1 1 ROM (Even A LSB) U24

* Refer to the 10-digit failure code description for more information.
† LED DS12 remains on after pressing PRESET.
Chapter 14 633
Analyzer Messages
The 10-Digit Failure Code

The 10-digit segment provides further failure information for the I/O
address bus, the I/O data bus, and the A16 video RAM circuitry. Each
digit of the 10-digit hexadecimal segment must be translated to its
binary equivalent to obtain the failure information.
The 10-digit failure code section is divided into three separate codes.
The 10-digit failure code example (0625C1F72D) is separated into three
codes as shown below.
FAIL: DF40 (06) (25C1) (F72D)
Each failure code from the example is converted from hexadecimal to
binary and interpreted in Table 14-4, Table 14-5, and Table 14-6.
The I/O Address Bus Failure Code.
The first two digits of the 10-digit code identify the failed address lines
on the I/O address bus. Convert the two digits to binary and interpret
them with Table 14-4.
Table 14-4 I/O Bus Address Failure-Code Interpretation
Digits From Equivalent A16 Circuit Tested A16 Reference

Example Binary Value Designator
8 Not Used
4 Not Used
2 Not Used
0→ 1 Error at ADR 4 U18
8 Error at ADR 3 U18
6→ 4 Error at ADR 2 U18
→ 2 Error at ADR 1 U18

1 Error at ADR 0 U18
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Analyzer Messages
The I/O Data-Bus Failure Code.

The next four digits identify failed data lines on the I/O data bus.
Convert the four digits to binary and interpret them with Table 14-5.
Table 14-5 I/O Data Bus Failure Code Interpretation

8 Error at IOB 15 U3
2→ 2 Error at IOB 13 U3
2 Error at IOB 9 U3
→ 1 Error at IOB 8 U3
C→ 8 Error at IOB 7 U2
4 Error at IOB 6 U2
2 Error at IOB 5 U2
1 Error at IOB 4 U2
8 Error at IOB 3 U2
4 Error at IOB 2 U2
2 Error at IOB 1 U2
Chapter 14 635
Analyzer Messages
The Video RAM Failure Code.

The last four digits identify the failure address for the video RAM on
the A16 assembly. A video RAM failure code indicates an internal
failure on the A16 assembly; the section of the video RAM circuitry that
is tested is not connected to other instrument assemblies. Convert the
four digits to binary and interpret them with Table 14-6.
Table 14-6 A16 Video Ram Address Failure Code Interpretation

F→ 8 Error at MAD 15 * U306
→ 4 Error at MAD 14 U305
8 Error at MAD 11 U306
7→ 4 Error at MAD 10 U305
2→ 2 Error at MAD 5 U306
D→ 8 Error at MAD 3 U306
* The acronym MAD stands for “Multiplexed Address and Data.” There are
no separate address and data lines within the A16 video RAM.
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Analyzer Messages
Related Assemblies
A7 analog interface, A16 processor/video assembly, A17 memory card,
A25 counter lock, assemblies installed in the card cage.
Refer to Figure 9-1, IF/Control Overall Block Diagram, and Figure 9-2,
Figure 9-3, or Figure 9-4, RF Section Overall Block Diagram for your
analyzer, in Chapter 9 for an overview of the assemblies attached to
the I/O bus. Refer also to “Troubleshooting the A15 Motherboard
Assembly” in Chapter 5 for the location of specific I/O signal traces on
related assemblies.
• If a failure code for an I/O bus address or data line occurs, remove
the related assemblies one at a time until the failure message
disappears. Be sure to turn the analyzer power off while removing
and installing each assembly.
❏ If the failure message disappears, suspect the assembly that was
removed last.
❏ If the failure message remains after all related assemblies have
been removed, suspect the A16 assembly.
• If a A16 video RAM fail code occurs, the A16 assembly is defective.
File type incompatible (U)

Indicates that the selected file is not a display image file. The file name
for a display image file is always preceded by an “i.”
Chapter 14 637
Analyzer Messages
FREQ UNCAL (U) (H)

The YTO (YIG-tuned oscillator) frequency is more than 20 MHz from
the desired frequency. If the FREQ UNCAL message appears
constantly, it indicates a YTO-tuning error and the CAL FREQ routine
should be performed. FREQ UNCAL appears briefly during the CAL
FREQ routine; this is normal and does not indicate a problem. (U) and
(H).
Related Assemblies
interface, A25 counter lock.
A7 analog interface, A25 counter lock.
• This error message may occur when using correction data from
DEFAULT CAL DATA. Refer to the DEFAULT CAL DATA description in
Chapter 13 for more information.
If DEFAULT CAL DATA is in use, the instrument self- calibration
routines must be run. Refer to the calibration guide for your
instrument.
• The error message may occur if incomplete frequency calibration
factors are used. Interrupting the CAL FREQ self-calibration routine
produces incomplete frequency calibration data.
Performing the CAL FREQ routine may eliminate the problem. Be
sure to press CAL STORE to store the correction factors produced by
CAL FREQ.
• The error message may occur if either the reference oscillator or the
sampling oscillator on the A25 assembly is unlocked.
Refer to “Isolating an RF, LO, IF, or Video Problem” in Chapter 4 for
further information.
Function not available in current Mode (U)

Indicates that the function that you have selected can only be used with
the spectrum analyzer mode. You can use the MODE key to select the
spectrum analyzer mode.
Function not available with analog display (U)

Indicates that the function that you have selected is not compatible
with the Analog+ display mode. To use the function, you must first turn
off the Analog+ display mode with ANALOG+ ON OFF.
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Analyzer Messages
Gate card not calibrated (U)(H)

This message can indicate that either the CAL AMPTD routine need to
be performed before the time-gating functions can be used, or that
something was connected to the GATE TRIGGER INPUT connector
during the CAL AMPTD or CAL FREQ &AMPTD routines.
Related Assemblies
A105 gated video board assembly.
If your analyzer is equipped with an Option 105, ensure that nothing is
connected to the GATE TRIGGER INPUT connector when the CAL
AMPTD or CAL FREQ &AMPTD routines are performed.
INTERNAL LOCKED (U)

The analyzer internal trace and state registers have been locked. To
unlock the trace or state registers, press SAV LOCK ON OFF so that
OFF is underlined. For remote operation, use PSTATE OFF.
INVALID ACTDEF: _ _ _ (U)

The specified ACTDEF name is not valid. See the ACTDEF
programming command.
INVALID AMPCOR: FREQ (U)

For the AMPCOR command, the frequency data must be entered in
increasing order. See the description for the AMPCOR programming
command for more information.
INVALID BLOCK FORMAT: IF STATEMENT (U)

An invalid block format appeared within the IF statement. See the
description for the IF THEN ELSE ENDIF programming command for
more information.
INVALID CARD (U)

Indicates one of the following conditions: a card reader is not installed,
the memory card is write-protected (check the position of the switch on
the memory card), the memory card is a read-only memory (ROM) card,
or a memory card has not been inserted. This message can also occur if
remote programming commands for the memory card capability are
executed with an 8590L or 8592L that does not have an Option 003.
Chapter 14 639
Analyzer Messages
INVALID CARD: BAD MEDIA (U)(H)

Indicates the formatting routine (FORMAT CARD) for the memory card
could not be completed. See the description for INVALID CARD above
for more information about the possible causes of this message.
INVALID CARD: DATA ERROR (U)(H)

Indicates the data could not be retrieved from the memory card.
INVALID CARD: DIRECTORY (U)

Indicates the memory card has not been formatted.
INVALID CARD: NO CARD (U)

Indicates a memory card has not been inserted.
INVALID CARD: TYPE (U)

Indicates one of the following conditions: a card reader is not installed,
the memory card is write-protected (check the position of the switch on
the memory card), the memory card is a read-only memory (ROM) card,
or a memory card has not been inserted. This message can also occur if
remote programming commands for the memory card capability are
executed with an 8590L, 8592L, or 8594L that does not have an
Option 003.
INVALID CHECKSUM: USTATE (U)

The user-defined state does not follow the expected format.
INVALID COMPARE OPERATOR (U)

An IF/THEN or REPEAT/UNTIL routine is improperly constructed.
Specifically, the IF or UNTIL operands are incorrect.
INVALID DET: FM or TV option only (U)

Indicates that the selected detector cannot be used until the
appropriate option is installed in the analyzer.
INVALID ENTER FORMAT (U)

The enter format is not valid. See the appropriate programming
command description to determine the correct format.
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INVALID <file name> NOT FOUND (U)

Indicates that the specified file could not be loaded into analyzer
memory or purged from memory because the file name cannot be found.
INVALID FILENAME_ _ _(U)

Indicates the specified file name is invalid. A file name is invalid if
there is no file name specified, if the first letter of the file name is not
alphabetic, or if the specified file type does not match the type of file.
See the description SAVRCLW or STOR programming command for
more information.
INVALID FILE: NO ROOM (U)

Indicates that there is insufficient space available on the memory card
to store the data.
INVALID IB ADRS/OPERATION (U)

An IB operation was aborted due to an incorrect address or invalid
operation.
Related Assemblies
A16 processor/video assembly, A20 IB interface board assembly.
Check that there is only one controller (the analyzer) connected to the
printer or plotter.
INVALID IB OPERATION REN TRUE (U)

The IB operation is not allowed.
Related Assemblies
A16 processor/video assembly, A20 IB interface board assembly.
This is usually caused by trying to print or plot when a controller is on
the interface bus with the analyzer. To use the analyzer print or plot
functions, you must disconnect any other controllers on the IB. If you
are using programming commands to print or plot, you can use an
BASIC command instead of disconnecting the controller. Ensure the
analyzer is configured properly for PRINT or PLOT, B/W or Paintjet,
and the printer or plotter address is set correctly set. See the
Analyzer Programmer's Guide for more information.
Chapter 14 641
Analyzer Messages
INVALID ITEM: _ _ _(U)

Indicates an invalid parameter has been used in a programming
command.
INVALID KEYLBL: _ _ _(U)

Indicates that the specified key label contains too many characters. A
key label is limited to 8 printable characters per label line.
INVALID KEYNAME:_ _ _ (U)

The specified key name is not allowed.
Related Assemblies
The key name may have conflicted with an analyzer programming
command. To avoid this problem, use an underscore as the second
character in the key name, or avoid beginning the key name with the
following pairs of letters: LB, OA, OL, TA, TB, TR, MA, MF, TS, OT, and
DR.
INVALID OUTPUT FORMAT (U)

The output format is not valid. See the appropriate programming
command description to determine the correct format.
INVALID RANGE: Stop < Start (U)

Indicates that the first trace element specified for a range of trace
elements is larger that ending trace element. When specifying a trace
range, the starting element must be less than the ending element. For
example, TRA[2,300] is legal but TRA[300,2] is not.
INVALID REGISTER NUMBER (U)

The specified trace register number is invalid.
INVALID REPEAT MEM OVFL (U)

Memory overflow occurred due to a REPEAT routine. This can occur if
there is not enough analyzer memory for the REPEAT UNTIL
declaration, or if the REPEAT UNTIL declaration exceeds 2047
characters.
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Analyzer Messages
INVALID REPEAT NEST LEVEL (U)

The nesting level in the REPEAT routine is improperly constructed.
This can occur if too many REPEAT routines are nested. When used
within a downloadable program (DLP), the maximum number of
REPEAT UNTIL statements that can be nested is 20.
INVALID RS-232 ADRS/OPERATION (U)

An RS-232 operation was aborted due to an invalid operation.
Related Assemblies
Reset all instruments attached to the bus.
INVALID SAVE REG (U)

Data has not been saved in the specified state or trace register, or the
data is corrupt.
INVALID SCRMOVE (H)

Indicates the analyzer may have a hardware failure.
Related Assemblies
All internal assemblies.
Remove instrument from bus. Perform an instrument preset.
INVALID START INDEX (U)

Indicates that the first trace element specified for a range of trace
elements is not within the trace range of the specified trace.
INVALID STOP INDEX (U)

Indicates that the ending trace element specified for a range of trace
elements is not within the trace range of the specified trace.
INVALID STORE DEST: _ _ _ (U)

The specified destination field is invalid.
Chapter 14 643
Analyzer Messages
Memory Overflow: ERASE DLP MEM and reload (U)

This message indicates that too many user-defined items (functions,
variables, key definitions), or downloadable programs have been loaded
into analyzer memory.
Related Assemblies
Use DISPOSE USER MEM and then load the user-defined item or
downloadable program into analyzer memory.
Press the following analyzer keys.
CONFIG, More 1 of 3
DISPOSE USER MEM
If the above keys are not accessible perform the following steps.
DISPLAY
Change Title
Use the knob to select the letters DISPOSE ALL;, be sure to include
the semicolon (;).
SERVICE CAL
EXECUTE TITLE
If the analyzer still appears to be locked up, refer to “Isolating an RF,

LO, IF, or Video Problem” in Chapter 4 .
INVALID TRACE: _ _ _ (U)

The specified trace is invalid.
INVALID TRACE NAME: _ _ _ (U)

The specified trace name is not allowed. Use an underscore as the
second character in the trace name, or avoid beginning the trace name
with the following pairs of letters: LB, OA, OL, TA, TB, TR, MA, MF,
TS, OT, and DR.
644 Chapter 14
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INVALID TRACENAME: _ _ _ (U)

Indicates the specified trace could not be saved because the trace name
is not allowed. To avoid this problem, use an underscore as the second
character in the trace name, or avoid beginning the trace name with the
following pairs of letters: LB, OA, OL, TA, TB, TR, MA, MF, TS, OT, and
DR.
INVALID VALUE PARAMETER: _ _ _ (U)

The specified value parameter is invalid.
INVALID VARDEF: _ _ _ (U)

The specified variable name is not allowed. To avoid this problem, use
an underscore as the second character in the variable label, or avoid
beginning the variable label with the following pairs of letters: LB, OA,
OL, TA, TB, TR, MA, MF, TS, OT, and DR.
INVALID WINDOW TYPE: _ _ _ (U)

The specified window is invalid. See the description for the TWNDOW
programming command.
LOST SIGNAL (U)

For the 8592L, 8593E, or 8596E, this message indicates that the cable
from the 100 MHz COMB OUT connector to the analyzer input is
defective or has become disconnected during the CAL YTF routine. For
the 8595E, this message indicates that the cable from the CAL OUT
connector is defective or has been disconnected during the CAL YTF
routine. Be sure to use a short, low-loss cable to connect the signal to
the analyzer input when performing the CAL YTF routine.
Related Assemblies
A7 analog interface board.
Concentrate on the RF control sections of the A7 analog interface board.
Chapter 14 645
Analyzer Messages
LO UNLVL (U)(H)
Indicates that the analyzer local oscillator distribution amplifier is not
functioning properly. This message may appear on the 8592L, 8593E,
8594E, 8595E, and 8596E with Options 009/010, Option 009, or
Option 010.
Related Assemblies
A10 LO distribution amplifier (LODA) control/tracking generator
control.
Check the LOsense and gate bias adjustments on A10. Bias voltages are
marked on a label on the top of the high frequency RF.
Marker Count Reduce SPAN (U)

Indicates the resolution bandwidth to span ratio is too small to use the
marker count function. Check the span and resolution bandwidth
settings.
Marker Count Widen RES BW (U)

Indicates that the current resolution bandwidth setting is too narrow to
use with the marker counter function. The marker counter function can
be in narrow resolution bandwidths (bandwidths that are less than
1 kHz) with the following procedure.
1. Place the marker on the desired signal.
2. Increase the resolution bandwidth to 1 kHz and verify the marker is
on the signal peak.
3. If the marker in on the signal peak, the marker count function can
be used in either the 1 kHz resolution bandwidth or the original
narrow resolution bandwidth setting. If the marker is not on the
signal peak, it should be moved to the signal peak and the marker
counter function should not be used with a resolution bandwidth
setting of less than 1 kHz.
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MEAS UNCAL (U)

The measurement is uncalibrated. Check the sweep time, span, and
bandwidth settings, or press AUTO COUPLE, AUTO ALL.
No card found (U)

Indicates that the memory card is not inserted.
No points defined (U)

Indicates the specified limit line or amplitude correction function
cannot be performed because no limit line segments or amplitude
correction factors have been defined.
MIXER BIAS CAL FAILED

This message applies to 8592L, 8593E, 8595E, and 8596E spectrum
analyzers only.
During the CAL MXR routine, the comb signal was not found at the
displayed center frequency.
Related Assemblies
A3A1 comb generator, A3A11 step-recovery diode, A3A12 3dB
attenuator, J2 connector.
• Make sure that the 100 MHz COMB OUT is connected to the
analyzer input using the comb generator cable (SMA to Type N)
supplied with the analyzer. (A comb generator cable (SMA to SMA)
is supplied with Option 026 instruments.)
• Perform the following steps to verify the comb-generator output
manually.
PRESET
FREQUENCY, 100, MHz
SPAN, 500, MHz
2. Look for the 100 MHz comb-generator signal to the right of the
local oscillator signal. When COMB GEN ON OFF is OFF, this
signal has an amplitude of approximately −8 dBm and the
100 MHz harmonics are less than −20 dBc.
AUX CTRL
COMB GEN ON OFF (On)
Chapter 14 647
Analyzer Messages
4. When the comb-generator output amplifier is enabled, the

amplitude of the 100 MHz signal and the 100 MHz harmonics
increase. The 100 MHz signal amplitude increases to
approximately +12 dBm.
❏ If the signal amplitude does not increase, check that the
comb-generator control line from the A7 analog interface
assembly is switching correctly.
Refer to Foldout 11-2, 11-3, or 11-4, RF Section Overall Block
Diagram for your analyzer, for more information about the
comb-generator control voltage values.
❏ If the A7 control line is correct, suspect the A3A11
step-recovery diode or the A3A1 comb generator.
Refer to Foldout 11-2, 11-3, or 11-4, RF Section Overall Block Diagram
for your analyzer, for more information.
OVEN COLD (M)

This message is displayed for instruments equipped with Option 004,
precision frequency reference.
The message is displayed for 5 minutes after the instrument is turned
on. The message alerts the user that the oven in the A22 precision
frequency reference has not been on long enough to warm the reference
to its operating temperature.
Related Assemblies
A22 precision frequency reference.
This is a timed message that comes on whenever the instrument is
turned on; the temperature of the A22 precision frequency reference
oven-controlled crystal oscillator (OCXO) is not measured.
The instrument firmware displays the message only when it senses
that the A22 assembly is connected to its power supply through W15,
the OCXO power cable. If the message does not appear, check the W15
cable.
PARAMETER ERROR: _ _ _ (U)

The specified parameter is not recognized by the analyzer. See the
appropriate programming command description to determine the
correct parameters.
PASSCODE NEEDED (U)

Indicates that the function cannot be accessed without the pass code.
648 Chapter 14
Analyzer Messages
POS-PK FAIL (H)

The positive-peak-detector check has failed during the confidence test
routine, CONF TEST. The level of the noise floor for the positive-peak
detector is statistically compared to that of the sample detector. The
mean of the data from the positive-peak detector should be greater than
the mean of the data from the sample detector.
Related Assemblies
This test performs a functional check of switching for the positive-peak
detector on the A16 processor/video assembly.
Refer to the CONF TEST description in Chapter 13 for more information
about the confidence test routine.
REF UNLOCK (M)(H)

The oscillator on the A9 third converter is not locked to a 10 MHz
frequency reference. The analyzer must be connected to one of the
following frequency references.
• 10 MHz standard timebase. The reference is a room-temperature
crystal oscillator (RTXO) that is located on the A25 assembly.
• Precision frequency reference. The reference is a oven-controlled
crystal oscillator (OCXO).
• External 10 MHz frequency reference.
Related Assemblies
A22 precision frequency reference, standard 10 MHz reference, A25
counter lock.
Refer to Foldout 11-2, 11-3, or 11-4, RF Section Overall Block Diagram
for your analyzer, for more information.
1. Check the rear-panel cable connections for the 10 MHz reference.
When using either the standard 10 MHz timebase or the precision
frequency reference, make sure that the 10 MHz REF OUT on the
rear panel is connected to the EXT REF IN. The W6 jumper is
supplied with the analyzer for this purpose.
When using an external 10 MHz reference, make sure it is connected
to the EXT REF IN on the rear panel.
Chapter 14 649
Analyzer Messages
2. If the rear panel connection is correct, check the power output of the
10 MHz frequency reference.
• The A22 standard 10 MHz timebase (RTXO) has an typical
output of 0 dBm ± 6 dB.
• A22 precision frequency reference (OCXO), has a typical output of
0 dBm ± 3 dB.
• An external 10 MHz reference should have an output between
−2 dBm and +10 dBm.
3. If the output of the 10 MHz reference is correct, check the continuity
of W18, the EXT REF IN cable, and W17, the 10 MHz OUT cable.
4. Check the continuity of the VTO_TUNE control line.
5. Check the continuity of the W14 ribbon cable and the W21 coaxial
cable.
6. Check the continuity of the A25 assembly connections to the A9
assembly that pass through the A15 motherboard.
7. If the error message is still present, suspect the A25 counter lock
assembly.
Require 1 signal > PEAK EXCURSION above

THRESHOLD (U)
Indicates that the N dB PTS routine cannot locate a signal that is high
enough to measure. The signal must be greater than the peak excursion
above the threshold level to measure.
Require 3 signals > PEAK EXCURSION above

THRESHOLD (U)
Indicates that the % AM routine cannot locate three signals that are
high enough to measure. The signals must be greater than the peak
excursion above the threshold level to measure.
Require 4 signals > PEAK EXCURSION above

THRESHOLD (U)
Indicates that the TOI routine cannot locate four signals that are high
enough to measure. The signals must be greater than the peak
excursion above the threshold level to measure.
Required option not installed (U)

Some analyzer functions require that an option be installed in the
analyzer. See the description for the function in the 8590 E-Series and
L-Series Spectrum Analyzers User's Guide for more information about
which option is required.
650 Chapter 14
Analyzer Messages
RES-BW NOISE FAIL (H)

During the confidence test routine, CONF TEST, the noise floor level was
too high for the indicated resolution bandwidth.
Starting with the widest resolution bandwidth, the test compares the
noise floor amplitude of each bandwidth to the noise floor amplitude of
the next, narrower resolution bandwidth. If a decrease in noise-floor
amplitude does not occur, the test displays the narrower bandwidth as a
test failure.
Related Assemblies A11 bandwidth filter, A13 bandwidth filter.

Troubleshooting Hints Refer to the CONF TEST description in
Chapter 13 for more information about the confidence test routine.
• A high noise floor can be caused by a defective bandwidth control
line.
Look for a change in noise floor level and bandwidth when manually
switching between bandwidths. If no change occurs, check the
bandwidth control lines from the A7 analog interface assembly.
Refer to Foldout 11-1, IF/Control Overall Block Diagram, and
bandwidth control line information in Chapter 5 for further
information.
• A high noise floor can also be caused by loose screws in the IF
assembly section. Make sure the IF assembly cover screws are
properly tightened.
RES-BW SHAPE FAIL (H)

During the confidence test routine, CONF TEST, the 3 dB bandwidth of a
resolution bandwidth was not within 20% of its nominal value. The
10 kHz, 30 kHz, 100 kHz, 300 kHz, 1 MHz, and 3 MHz bandwidths are
checked and the bandwidths that fail are displayed.
Related Assemblies A7 analog interface, A11 bandwidth filter,

A13 bandwidth filter.
Troubleshooting Hints •The bandwidth of the failed resolution

bandwidths may have drifted since the last time the self-calibration
routines were run. The CAL AMPTD self-calibration routine corrects
for bandwidth error.
If a bandwidth drifts out of tolerance soon after performing CAL
AMPTD, a bandwidth-filter assembly or bandwidth control line may
be unstable.
1. Check the 3 dB bandwidth of the failed resolution bandwidths
using the 3 dB POINTS softkey.
Chapter 14 651
Analyzer Messages
2. Use DISPLAY CAL DATA to view the current bandwidth control

factors.
3. Perform the CAL AMPTD self-calibration routine. Use DISPLAY
CAL DATA to monitor changes in the bandwidth control factors
each time the CAL AMPTD routine is performed.
4. Repeat the CONF TEST routine. If the error message is still
present, look for an unstable bandwidth-filter assembly or
bandwidth control line.
Refer to bandwidth control line information in Chapter 5 when
troubleshooting the bandwidth control lines.
• The bandpass shape of the failed resolution bandwidths may have
drifted since the last time the self-calibration routines were run.
1. Look at the bandpass shape of each failed bandwidth. If
realignment is needed, refer to the crystal and LC bandwidth
filter adjustment procedure in Chapter 2 .
2. Run the CAL AMPTD self-calibration routine and store the data
using CAL STORE.
3. Repeat the CONF TEST routine. If the error message is still
present, one of the bandwidth-filter assemblies may be defective.
RF PRESEL ERROR (H)

Indicates that the preselector peak routine cannot be performed.
For 8592L, 8593E, 8595E, and 8596E spectrum analyzers only.
Related Assemblies
A7 analog interface assembly, A3A8 (switched) YIG-tuned filter.
Ensure that the signal source is connected to the RF input.
RF PRESEL TIMEOUT (H)

Indicates that the preselector peak routine cannot be performed.
Related Assemblies
A7 analog interface assembly, A3A8 (switched) YIG-tuned filter.
Ensure that the signal source is connected to the RF input.
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Analyzer Messages
SAMPLE FAIL (H)

During the confidence test routine, CONF TEST, the sample-detector
test, has failed. The test makes a statistical comparison between the
peak-to-peak amplitude of the noise floor for the positive-peak detector
and the noise floor for the sample detector.
The error message is displayed if the standard deviation of the data for
the sample detector is less than the standard deviation of data for the
Related Assemblies
This test performs a functional check of switching for the sample
detector on the A16 processor/video assembly.
SETUP ERROR (U)

Indicates that the span, channel bandwidth, or channel spacing are not
set correctly for the adjacent channel power or channel power
measurement.
SIGNAL CLIPPED (U)

Indicates that the current FFT measurement sweep resulted in a trace
that is above the top graticule line on the analyzer display. If this
happens, the input trace (trace A) has been “clipped,” and the FFT data
is not valid.
Signals do not fit expected % AM pattern (U)

Indicates that the % AM routine cannot perform the percent AM
measurement because the on-screen signals do not have the
characteristics of a carrier with two sidebands.
Signals do not fit expected TOI pattern (U)

Indicates that the TOI routine cannot perform the third-order
intermodulation measurement because the on-screen signals do not
have the characteristics of two signals and two distortion products.
Chapter 14 653
Analyzer Messages
SMPLR UNLCK (U)(H)

Indicates that the sampling oscillator circuitry is not functioning
properly.
Related Assemblies
8591E and 8590L spectrum analyzers and 8591C cable TV analyzers
only: A6 YTO, A25 counter lock board assembly.
All other 8590 E-Series and L-Series spectrum analyzers and 8591C
cable TV analyzers: A3A7 YTO, A25 counter lock board assembly.
Check that the external frequency reference is correctly connected to
the EXT REF INPUT. Observe the frequency diagnostics. Look for
numbers that are out of tolerance.
SOFTKEY OVFL (U)

Softkey nesting exceeds the maximum number of levels.
SRQ _ _ _ (M)
The specified service request is active. Service requests are a form of
informational message and are explained in Appendix A of the
8590 E-Series and L-Series Spectrum Analyzers User's Guide.
STEP GAIN/ATTEN FAIL (H)

During the confidence test routine, CONF TEST, the step-gain switching
check, has failed. Looking at displayed noise, the test steps the
reference level from −60 dBm to +30 dBm, in 10 dB increments, with
the input attenuator set to 60 dB. The error message is displayed if the
noise level does not increase for each 10 dB step in reference level.
Related Assemblies
A12 amplitude control.
The confidence test performs a functional check of the A12 assembly
step gains; it does not check the function of the A12 step attenuators.
The test passes if it detects any increase in noise floor level for each
10 dB change in reference level.
There is no manual adjustment for the 10 dB step gains. The
CAL AMPTD self-calibration routine corrects for the 10 dB step gains
and input attenuator errors. Refer to the CAL AMPTD description in
Chapter 13 for more information.
654 Chapter 14
Analyzer Messages
If one of the 10 dB step gains appears to be faulty, check the step-gain

control lines from the A7 analog interface assembly.
Refer to “Troubleshooting the A15 Motherboard Assembly” in
Chapter 5 for the location of the step gain control lines.
If the control lines function correctly, suspect a A12 amplitude control
assembly failure.
Refer to the IF section gain control information in Chapter 5 for further
information about the operation of the 10 dB step gains.
Stop at marker not available with negative

detection (U)
Indicates that the marker counter cannot be used when negative peak
detection is selected. To use the marker counter, turn off negative peak
detection with DETECTOR PK SP NG.
SYMTAB EMPTY (U)

Indicates that the user-defined items (user-defined functions,
user-defined variables, user-defined traces, user-defined softkeys) and
any personalities (for example, the 85716A CATV System Monitor
Personality) in the analyzer memory have been deleted.
Related Assemblies
Use DISPOSE USER MEM to clear analyzer memory. Perform instrument
calibrations. If the message is still displayed, it may indicate a
hardware failure.
TABLE FULL (U)

Indicates the upper or lower table of limit lines contains the maximum
number of entries allowed. Additional entries to the table are ignored.
Chapter 14 655
Analyzer Messages
TG SIGNAL NOT FOUND (U)

This error message applies to analyzers equipped with Option 010, 50 Ω
Output Tracking Generator, and Option 011, 75 Ω Output Tracking
Generator.
Description .
During the CAL TRK GEN self-calibration routine, a signal response
above the first division from bottom screen is not present. The primary
purpose of the error message is to indicate that the CAL cable is not
connected from the tracking generator RF OUT to the RF INPUT.
Related Assemblies
A7A1 tracking control, A24 FL1, A24A1 tripler, A24A2 tracking
converter, A24A3 amplifier detector, A24A4 output attenuator.
• If a low signal response is present within the first division from
bottom screen, check the cable connection from the RF OUT to the
RF INPUT.
A cable with excessive loss can cause a low-level signal. Use the CAL
cable that is supplied with the instrument. Be sure to use the same
CAL cable when performing all the self-calibration routines.
Refer to Table 1-4 for the part number of the CAL cable.
• If no signal response is present, check the output of the tracking
generator at the RF OUT connector. Refer to Figure 9-5, Tracking
Generator Block Diagram, in Chapter 9 for more information.
TG UNLVL (U)(H)
This message can indicate the following: that the source power is set
higher or lower than the analyzer can provide, that the frequency span
extends beyond the specified frequency range of the tracking generator,
or that the calibration data for the tracking generator is incorrect. See
the 8590 E-Series and L-Series Spectrum Analyzers User's Guide for
more information.
Related Assemblies
8590L and 8591E spectrum analyzers only: A7A1 tracking generator
control assembly, A24 tracking generator control assembly.
Perform the tracking generator control routine.
656 Chapter 14
Analyzer Messages
Too many signals with valid N dB points (U)

Indicates the N dB PTS function has located two or more signals that
have amplitudes within the specified dB from the signal peak. If this
happens, you should decrease the span of the analyzer so that only the
signal that you want to measure is displayed.
Trace A is not available (U)

Indicates that trace A is in the store-blank mode and cannot be used for
limit-line testing. Use CLEAR WRITE A or VIEW A to change trace A from
the store-blank mode to the clear write mode, and then turn on
limit-line testing.
UNDF KEY (U)

The softkey number is not recognized by the analyzer.
USING DEFAULTS: _ _ _
The analyzer has determined that the contents of certain RAM
locations are not within the expected values. The number following the
colon corresponds to the location that caused the default condition. This
number was used during the initial design and is not applicable to
troubleshooting.
Related Assemblies
This message may indicate that the battery used to power the RAM is
dead. Refer to restoring analyzer memory.
USING DEFAULTS self cal needed (U)

Indicates that the current correction factors are the default correction
factors and that the CAL FREQ &AMPTD routine needs to be
performed. For the 8592L, 8593E, 8595E, or 8596E, the CAL YTF
routine is also required.
Verify gate trigger input is disconnected before

CAL AMPTD (U)
This message is meant to remind you that nothing should be connected
to the GATE TRIGGER INPUT connector on the analyzer rear panel
during the CAL AMPTD routine.
Chapter 14 657
Analyzer Messages
VID-BW FAIL (H)

During the CONF TEST routine, the video bandwidth check has failed.
The test checks for a decrease in the peak-to-peak excursion of the noise
trace as the video bandwidth is decreased.
Related Assemblies
A14 log amplifier/detector, A16 processor/video assembly.
The CONF TEST routine performs a functional check of switching for the
video bandwidth circuitry on the A16 processor/video assembly.
Refer to CONF TEST description in Chapter 13 for more information
Problems with the low-pass filter on the A14 log amplifier/detector
assembly can cause the video bandwidths to appear to be incorrect.
YTF is not available (U)

The YTF is only available for the 8592L, 8593E, 8595E, and 8596E.
Waiting for gate input…(U)

Indicates that the analyzer needs an external trigger signal to use the
time-gating functions.
Related Assemblies
A16 processor/video assembly, A105 gated video board assembly.
Before using the time-gating functions, ensure there is a trigger pulse
connected to the GATE TRIGGER INPUT connector on the rear panel
of analyzer and that the GATE OUTPUT is connected the EXT TRIG
INPUT connector. If the connections are correct and, after an
instrument preset, the error message is still displayed, the internal
triggering circuitry on the A16 processor/video assembly may not be
functioning correctly. If you do not want to use the time-gating
functions, press PRESET.
658 Chapter 14
15 Service Equipment and Tools
This chapter contains information about service equipment and tools

needed to perform analyzer calibration, adjustments, and
troubleshooting.
659
Service Equipment and Tools
Static-Safe Accessories
Electrostatic discharge (ESD) can damage or destroy electronic
components. All work performed on assemblies containing electronic
components should be done only at a static-safe workstation.
Table 15-1 provides information on ordering static-safe accessories and
shows an example of a static-safe workstation using two types of ESD
protection.
• Conductive table-mat and wrist-strap combination.
• Conductive floor-mat and heel-strap combination.
The two types must be used together to ensure adequate ESD
protection.
WARNING These techniques for a static-safe workstation should not be

used when working on circuitry that has a voltage potential
greater than 500 volts.
For more information about preventing ESD damage, contact the

Electrical Overstress/Electrostatic Discharge (EOS/ESD) Association,
Inc. The ESD standards developed by this agency are sanctioned by the
American National Standards Institute (ANSI).
660 Chapter 15
Table 15-1 Static-Safe Accessories
Part Number Description
9300-0797 Set includes: 3M static control mat 0.6 m × 1.2 m (2 ft × 4 ft) and 4.6 m
(15 ft) ground wire. (The wrist-strap and wrist-strap cord are not
included. They must be ordered separately.)
9300-0980 Wrist-strap cord 1.5 m (5 ft)
9300-1383 Wrist-strap, color black, stainless steel, without cord, has four adjustable
links and a 7 mm post-type connection.
9300-1169 ESD heel-strap (reusable 6 to 12 months).
Recommended Test Equipment

Refer to the calibration guide for your analyzer for a list of equipment
required to perform the performance test, adjustments, and
troubleshooting.
Chapter 15 661
Recommended Service Tools

Table 15-2 and Figure 15-1 provide descriptions and part numbers for
special service tools that are used throughout this manual.
Table 15-3 provides an additional list of common hand tools that are
also recommended for repairing the 8590 D-Series and E-Series
spectrum analyzers, 8591C cable TV analyzers, and 8594Qs.
Refer to “Ordering Information” in Chapter 12 when ordering service
tools and accessories.
662 Chapter 15
Table 15-2 Special Service Tools
Item Description Part Number Use*
1 Board puller, two prongs to lift PC boards 03950-4001 A,T
2 Extender board, pin and socket, 20 contacts (two required) 5062-1999 T
3 Extender board, pin and socket, 60 contacts 5062-2000 T
4 Extender board, 22 pin edge connector, 44 contacts 08565-60107 T
5 Injector board 5062-6421 A,T
6 Crystal bandwidth shorts (set of three) 5062-4855 A,T
Components Needed to Build One Crystal Short
6a 0.01 µF capacitor 0160-4832
6b 90.0 Ω resistor 0757-0400
6c Square, single-connector terminal (two required) 1251-4182
6d Two-terminal connector body 1251-0689
6e 3/16 inch dia. heat shrink tubing, 1 1/8 inches long 0890-0029
7 Combination wrench, 5/16 inch, with slotted box end (two required) 08555-20097 A,R
8 Combination wrench, 1/4 inch 8720-0014 R
9 Open end wrench, 15/64 inch, open end 8710-0946 R
10 Torque wrench, break-away, 10 inch-pounds, 5/16 inch, open end 40-60271 † R
11 Cable puller, pry-bar style 5021-6773 A,T,R
12 Alignment tool, metal tip, plastic body 8710-0630 A,T
13 Alignment tool, nonmetallic tip, fiber body 8710-0033 A,T
14 Alignment tool A,T
15 TORX hand driver with required T8 and T10 bits, included in TORX 8710-1426 A,R
driver kit with multiple bits (See tool-tip illustration)
*A = Adjustment, T = Troubleshooting, R = Replacement Procedure

† The part number provided is a non-part number. This tool can be ordered from:
Assembly Systems Inc.

16595 Englewood Avenue
Los Gatos, California 95032
(408) 395-5313
If you order a similar tool from your local supplier, it is important that the outside dimension of the wrench
be no wider than 0.518 inches. This allows the wrench to be used on semirigid cable connectors in confined
areas.
Chapter 15 663
Figure 15-1 Special Service Tools
664 Chapter 15
Table 15-3 Required Common Hand Tools
Description Part Number Use*
Hex (Allen) wrench, 3mm 8710-1392 R
Hex (Allen) wrench, 4mm 8710-1755 A,R
Hex (Allen) wrench, no. 4 5020-0288 R
Hex (Allen) wrench, no. 6 5020-0289 R
Nut driver, 7mm 8710-1217 R
Nut driver, 3/8 inch 8720-0005 R
Nut driver, 9/16 inch, drilled out, end covered with heatshrink 8720-0008 R
tubing to protect front/rear-panel surface
Phillips Screwdriver, small no. 0 8710-0978 R
Pozidriv screwdriver, small no. 1 8710-0899 A,R
Pozidriv screwdriver, large no. 2 8710-0900 A,R
Long-nose pliers 8710-0003 R
Wire cutters 8710-0012 R
Wire strippers 8710-0058 R
* A = Adjustment, R = Replacement Procedure
Chapter 15 665
666 Chapter 15
16 Safety and Regulatory
Information
667
Safety and Regulatory Information
Safety Considerations
Safety Considerations
Before servicing the analyzer, familiarize yourself with the safety
markings on the analyzer and the safety instructions in this manual.
This analyzer has been manufactured and tested according to
international safety standards. To ensure safe operation of the
instrument and the personal safety of the user and service personnel,
the cautions and warnings in this manual must be heeded.
Safety Symbols
The following safety notes are used throughout this manual.
Familiarize yourself with each of the notes and it’s meaning before
operating this instrument.
WARNING Warning denotes a hazard. It calls attention to a procedure

which, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result in
injury or loss of life. Do not proceed beyond a warning note
until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.
CAUTION The caution sign denotes a hazard. It calls attention to a procedure

which, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result in damage
to or destruction of the instrument. Do not proceed beyond a caution
sign until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.
668 Chapter 16
Instrument Markings
Instrument Markings
The instruction documentation symbol. The product is
marked with this symbol when it is necessary for the user
to refer to the instructions in the documentation.
The CE mark is a registered trademark of the European

Community. (If accompanied by a year, it is when the
design was proven.)
The CSA mark is a registered trademark of the Canadian

Standards Association.
This is a symbol of an Industrial Scientific and Medical

Group 1 Class A product.
Chapter 16 669
General Safety Considerations
WARNING Failure to ground the analyzer properly can result in personal

injury, as well as analyzer damage.
Before turning on the analyzer, connect a three-wire power
cable with a standard IEC 320-C13 (CEE 22-V) inlet plug to the
analyzer power receptacle. The power cable outlet plug must be
inserted into a power-line outlet socket that has a protective
earth-contact. DO NOT defeat the earth-grounding protection
by using an extension cable, power cable, or autotransformer
without a protective ground conductor.
If you are using an autotransformer, make sure its common
terminal is connected to the protective ground conductor of its
power-source outlet socket.
WARNING This is a Safety Class I product (provided with a protective

earthing ground incorporated in the power cord). The mains
plug shall only be inserted in a socket outlet provided with a
protective earth contact. Any interruption of the protective
conductor, inside or outside the instrument, is likely to make
the instrument dangerous. Intentional interruption is
prohibited.
WARNING The opening of covers or removal of parts is likely to expose

dangerous voltages. Disconnect the instrument from all voltage
sources while it is being opened.
WARNING These servicing instructions are for use by qualified personnel

only. To avoid electrical shock, do not perform any service
unless you are qualified to do so.
WARNING There is a danger of explosion if the battery is incorrectly

replaced. Replace only with the same or equivalent type
recommended. Discard used batteries according to
manufacture's instructions.
670 Chapter 16
WARNING For continued protection against fire hazard replace line fuse
only with same type and rating (F 5A/250V). The use of other
fuses or material is prohibited.
WARNING The power cord is connected to internal capacitors that may

remain live for 10 seconds after disconnecting the plug from its
power supply.
WARNING The detachable power cord is the instrument disconnect

device. It disconnects the mains circuits from the mains supply
before other parts of the instrument. The front panel switch is
only a standby switch and is not a LINE switch (disconnect
device).
CAUTION Before switching on this instrument, make sure that the line voltage
selector switch is set to the voltage of the power supply and the correct
fuse is installed.
Chapter 16 671
Protection from Electrostatic Discharge

Electrostatic discharge (ESD) can damage or destroy electronic
components. All work on electronic assemblies should be performed at a
static-safe workstation. Figure 16-1 shows an example of a static-safe
workstation using two types of ESD protection.
• Conductive table-mat and wrist-strap combination.
• Conductive floor-mat and heel-strap combination.
Both types, when used together, provide a significant level of ESD
protection. Of the two, only the table-mat and wrist-strap combination
provides adequate ESD protection when used alone. To ensure user
safety, the static-safe accessories must provide at least 1 M Ω of
isolation from ground. Refer to Chapter 15 , “Service Equipment and
Tools,” for information on ordering static-safe accessories.
WARNING These techniques for a static-safe workstation should not be

used when working on circuitry with a voltage potential
greater than 500 volts.
Figure 16-1 Example of a Static-Safe Workstation
672 Chapter 16
Handling of Electronic Components and ESD

The possibility of unseen damage caused by ESD, is present whenever
components are transported, stored, or used. The risk of ESD damage
can be greatly reduced by close attention to how all components are
handled.
• Perform work on all components at a static-safe workstation.
• Keep static-generating materials at least one meter away from all
components.
• Store or transport components in static-shielding containers.
CAUTION Always handle printed circuit board assemblies by the edges. This will
reduce the possibility of ESD damage to components and prevent
contamination of exposed plating.
Test Equipment Usage and ESD

• Before connecting any coaxial cable to an analyzer connector for the
first time each day, momentarily short the center and outer
conductors of the cable together.
• Personnel should be grounded with a 1 M Ω resistor-isolated
wrist-strap before touching the center pin of any connector and
before removing any assembly from the analyzer.
• Be sure that all analyzers are properly earth-grounded to prevent
build-up of static charge.
For Additional Information about ESD

For more information about preventing ESD damage, contact the
Electrical Overstress/Electrostatic Discharge (EOS/ESD) Association,
Inc. The ESD standards developed by this agency are sanctioned by the
American National Standards Institute (ANSI).
Chapter 16 673
674 Chapter 16

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8590 E-Series Spectrum Analyzers and 8591C Cable TV Analyzer

• Tells you how to make measurements with your analyzer.

• Describes how to make a simple measurement with your analyzer.

8590 E-Series Spectrum Analyzers and 8591C Cable TV Analyzer

• Tells you how to make cable TV measurements with your analyzer.

• Tells you how to make measurements using the spectrum analyzer

• Describes how to make a simple measurement with your analyzer.

• Describes analyzer operation via a remote controller (computer) for

8590 Series Analyzers Calibration Guide

Option 190/195 DVB-C/Data Measurements

• Tells you how to make QAM measurements with your analyzer.

Spectrum Analyzer Reference

• Tells you how to make measurements using the spectrum analyzer

• Provides a quick reference for QAM and spectrum analyzer softkeys.

8590 E-Series and L-Series Spectrum Analyzers, and 8591C Cable TV

• Describes analyzer operation via a remote controller (computer) for

Provides an additional copy of the user's guides, the calibration guide,

Describes troubleshooting and repair of the analyzer.

8590 Series Analyzers Assembly-Level Repair Service Guide

• Describes adjustment and assembly level repair of the analyzer.

• Provides information for component-level repair of the analyzer.

How to Order Guides

How to Use This Guide

2a. Making Adjustments: If 3335A Source Not Available

3. Backing Up and Reloading Correction Constants

4. Troubleshooting the Analyzer

5. Troubleshooting the IF Section

6. Troubleshooting the RF Section

7. Replacing Major Assemblies

A7 Analog Interface Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 318

8. If You Have A Problem

9. Assembly Descriptions and Block Diagrams

10. Analyzer Options and Block Diagrams

11. Major Assembly and Cable Locations

12. Replaceable Parts

13. Softkey Descriptions

14. Analyzer Messages

15. Service Equipment and Tools

16. Safety and Regulatory Information

The 8590 Series Analyzers Assembly-Level Repair Service Guide

The 8590 Series Analyzers Assembly-Level

Service Guide Organization

• Chapter 10, “Analyzer Options and Block Diagrams,” contains

Analyzer Model Frequency Range

8590L 9 kHz to 1.8 GHz

8591E 9 kHz to 1.8 GHz

8591C 1 MHz to 1.8 GHz

8592L 9 kHz to 22.0 GHz

8592L (Option 026) 9 kHz to 26.5 GHz

8593E 9 kHz to 22.0 GHz

8593E (Option 026) 9 kHz to 26.5 GHz

8594E 9 kHz to 2.9 GHz

8594L 9 kHz to 2.9 GHz

8594Q 9 kHz to 2.9 GHz

8595E 9 kHz to 6.5 GHz

8596E 9 kHz to 12.8 GHz