Ideal Computer CCC Notes
Ideal Computer CCC Notes
I NTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER
Definition: A computer is a programmable and an electronic machine which can perform specific task based on your
instructions. They take instructions (inputs) and after the processing the data, they provide result very fast.
Computer word came from a Latin word ‘Compute’ which means calculate.“Charles Babbage” is known as the father
of modern computer.
CPU
LCD CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT
FULL FORM OF COMPUTER MONITOR
C - Commonly
O- Operated
M- Machine
P - Particularly UPS
U - Used for
T - Technical
MOUSE
E - Education and
R - Research KEYBOARD
Hardware – All the physical components of the computer is known as hardware. We can touch or break these
hardware parts.
Ex- Monitor , Keyboard, Mouse, Printer, C.P.U. etc
Software – A software is a set of instructions, data or programs used to operate computers and execute specific tasks.
Opposite of hardware. We cannot touch or break these software parts.
Ex- M.S.Office , Photoshop, Tally , Games, Paint ,Notepad, etc
Memory
ALU
(Arithmetic & Logical
Secondary Memory
1. Input Device – An input device is hardware device or peripheral device used to put data in the
computer . Ex- Keyboard, Joystick, Scanner, Camera, Light pen, Touch screen, mouse etc
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2. Output Device – An output device is also hardware device that throws the data from outside the computer as
result . Ex- Monitor, Printer, Speaker, etc
3. Memory - Memory is a storage device that is used to store data or programs.
4. C.U. Control Unit - A control unit coordinates how data moves around a CPU. The control unit (CU) is a
component of a computer's central processing unit (CPU) that directs operation of the processor. It tells the
computer's memory, arithmetic/logic unit and input and output devices how to respond to a program's
instructions.
Function Of Control Unit (CU के कार्य)
a- यह memory से instruction read करता है ,उन्हे Decode करता है I
b- यह data को process या store नहीं करता है I
ू र की सभी Units को Manages और Coordinates करता है I
c- यह कम्प्यट
5. A.L.U.( Arithmetic & Logical Unit ) - An arithmetic logic unit (ALU) is a major component of the central
processing unit of a computer system. It does all processes related to arithmetic and logic operations that need
to be done on instruction words. In some microprocessor architectures, the ALU is divided into the arithmetic
unit (AU) and the logic unit (LU).
a. AU- Arithmetic Section – ( Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication and division etc
b. LU - Logic section – ( Comparing, Selecting, Matching and Merging
6. Secondary Memory - Secondary storage (also known as external memory or auxiliary storage), differs from
primary storage in that it is not directly accessible by the CPU. The computer usually uses
its input/output channels to access secondary storage and transfer the desired data to primary storage.
Secondary storage is non-volatile (retaining data when power is shut off).
Ex - Hard Disk Drive , Pan Drive etc.
System.)
(d) Pascaline
(i) Father- Blaise Pascal
(ii) Time - 1642
(iii) Place - France
(iv) Uses - For Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication and Division
(4) Fourth Generation (1971-1980 ) (LSI & VLSI – Very Large Scale Integration )
LSI and VLSI technology were used in computers .
MS-DOS and MS Windows developed during this time .
All the High-Level Language like C, C++,DBASE etc
GUI –Graphical User Interface Technology was developed.
Example - IBM4341, DEC10, STAR1000, PUP 11 etc
(5) Fifth Generation (1980 – Till Now ) (ULSI - Ultra Large Scale Integration , Artificial Intelligence (AI) )
64 bit microprocessor have been developed at this time .
All the high level language were developed very properly.
Advancement in parallel Processing
Storage - Optics Disc
Information Natural Processing System
Example - Desktop, Laptop, Notebook, Ultra Book, Chrome Book etc
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Function of a Computer System- कम्प्यूटर सिस्टम की कार्य
1. Speed (गति) – Computers are very fast, they can calculate millions of calculation in a second .Computers works in Nano Second. (Nano Second = 1 X 10 -9 )
कम्प्यूटर प्रॉसेसर की गति को ( Megahertz MHz) OR ( Gigahertz GHz) मे मापते हैं I
2. Automation (स्वचालित) – कम्प्यूटर एक स्वचालित मशीन है जिसमे गणना के दौरान मानवीय हस्तक्षेप की संभावना नगण्य रहती है I कम्प्यूटर को कार्य करने के लिए एक
बार आदे श मनुष्य ही दे ता है लेकिन एक बार आदे श मिलने के बाद वह बिना रुके काम करता है I
Classification Of Computers
According to the given points computers are classified. Computers are classified into three
Categories:-
1- According to Application (अनप्र
ु योग के आधार पर)
2- According to Size (आकार के आधार पर)
3- According to the purpose (उद्देश्य के आधार पर)
Classification Of Computer
IT Gadgets and their application : - एक IT divice का प्रयोग information और Communication Technology के लिए किया जाता है
ऐसे gadgets का उपयोग laptop , Tablet, TV, Mobile, आदि में किया जाता है I