Universite Hassan II-Aïn

high school of technology casablanca

Report on Moroccan culture

Made by:

BENAREJDAR MOHAMED

BOUTIRI OTHMANE

ERRIHANI ABDESSAMA

IGUENOUAN FATIMA EZZAHRRA

MABCHOUR KAMAL EDDINE

2009/2010
The striped area on the map shows Western Sahara, most of which is de facto administered
by Morocco as its "Southern Provinces". Its sovereignty is currently in dispute.

Rabat
Capital

Largest city Casablanca

Official language(s) Arabic[1]

Arab-Berber 99.1%, other

Ethnic groups
0.7%, Jewish 0.2%[2]

Demonym Moroccan

Government Constitutional monarchy

- King Mohammed VI

- Prime Minister Abbas El Fassi

Unification 780

Unified by Idrisid
- 780–974
dynasty

- Saadi Morocco 1554–1659

- Alaouite Morocco 1666–present

Independence from
- March 2, 1956
France

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 To know more about Moroccan culture our
groupe realized a piece of theater:

(Turist one sitting in a cafe until the arrival of his guide)

“Mohammed: Good morning, are you Jamie ?

Jamie: Yes I’ am

M: Welcome in Morocco, I’m Mohamed Fadega your guide for today,

I promise you that you will enjoyed specially here in Marrakech.

J: Oh great thanks!

: Can you tell me what are you wearing?!

M: Of curse we called “Fikias” it’s one of our traditional clothes do

you like It ?!

J: yeah very much, I want to buy like this one

M: yes of course we will buy it in “summaring”, and you can also

knew more about Moroccan clothes

J: Oh yeah very interesting

M: So let’s go!”

PARt 2:in haj tijani boutik’s

“M: Salam alikoum, how are you Hajj Tijani ?

HT: Ohh this my friend Mohamed, fine thanks and you?

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M: Better than you my friend (hahaha)

: I present to you Jamie he is a new tourist in Marrakech

Ht: Oh great welcome in you second country my friend

J: Thanks

HT: Let me present to you some traditional Moroccan clothes

HT: The traditional dress for men and women is called djellaba; a
long, loose, hooded garment with full sleeves. For special occasions,
men also wear a red cap called bernousse and mostly referred to as
Fez Women on the other hand wear caftans decorated with
ornaments. Nearly all men wear balgha (‫— )بلغه‬- those soft leather
slippers with no heel, often in yellow. Many women do as well but
others wear high-heeled sandals, often in silver or gold tinsel.

J: Oh very beauty and interesting

: I really want to buy like this one for my wife I’m sure she will love it!

M: Of course we can that, and Hajj Tijani is my friend and he will gave
it to you for a reasonable price

HT: Sure, no problem you can chose anything like do you want

J: Thanks I will chose this one, how much does it cost?

HT: it cost 3000Dh, but for you I will leave it to you for 2000Dh

J: oh Nice all right take!

M: Thanks Hajj Tijani see you soon Goodbye my friend!

J: Mohamed, now I’m very hungry so what do you suggest me?

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M: Like clothes Moroccan foods are very divers and delicious, so we
will profit this occasion to show you another specialty here in our
country.

J: Good idea! Let’s go to see that

M: So like you see Jamie this Miloud restaurant he is very famous for
his plats like couscous, Rfissa, tajin..

J: Oh I very want to tasks “FIFISSA”

M: To taste what?!!

J: “FIFISSA”

M: No we called “RFISSA”

J: Oh ok (hahaha)

Part 3:

M: Let’s visit Miloud restaurant

J: Good idea let’s go!

M: Good morning Miloud

ML: Oh my friend Mohamed how are you ?

M: I’m fine thanks; I’m coming to you today with a new visitor

ML: Yes I see that

M: This is Jamie a new tourist in our country

ML: Oh great welcome in our country Jim Jim !

J: Jim Jim Ohh I love it (hahaha)

M: So Miloud what do you suggest to our visitor today ?

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ML: We have everything here couscous, Tajin, Bastila

M: What do you prefer Jamie ?

J: I really want to eat “FIFISSA”

ML: What !!!?

M: He want to say RFissa

ML: Ohh ok we have here RFissa

: Take a set

J: So what can you tell me about Moroccan food Mr Mimoud

ML: Miloud not Mimoud

J: oh ok I’m sorry

Ml: (ha ha ha) No problem my friend

ML: Cuisine

An array of Moroccan pastries.

Moroccan cuisine has long been considered as one of the most

diversified cuisines in the world. This is a result of the centuries-long

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interaction of Morocco with the outside world. The cuisine of
Morocco is a mix of Berber, Spanish, Corsican, Portuguese, Moorish,
Middle Eastern, Mediterranean, and African cuisines. The cuisine of
Morocco has been influenced by the native Berber cuisine, the Arabic
Andalusian cuisine brought by the Moriscos when they left Spain, the
Turkish cuisine from the Turks and the Middle Eastern cuisines
brought by the Arabs, as well as Jewish cuisine.

Spices are used extensively in Moroccan food. While spices have been
imported to Morocco for thousands of years, many ingredients, like
saffron from Tiliouine, mint and olives from Meknes, and oranges and
lemons from Fez, are home-grown. Chicken is the most widely eaten
meat in Morocco. The most commonly eaten red meat in Morocco is
beef; lamb is preferred but is relatively expensive. Couscous is the
most famous Moroccan dish along with pastilla, tajine, and harira. The
most popular drink is green tea with mint

M: So now we are going to do a tour in jama3 Fnaa

J: yeah let’s go !

: I’m very curios Mohamed and I want to knew more about Moroccan
culture and Morocco in general

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M: come with me I will show you a men how knew everything about
Morocco and the history of this country.

J: Oh good idea let’s go to see him

M: So Jamie this is “Kouyou” he knew everything about Morocco

listen to him !

J: ok”.

Kouyou:

Culture of Morocco

Old Walls of Essaouira

Morocco is an ethnically diverse country with a rich culture and civilization.

Through Moroccan history, Morocco hosted many people coming from East
(Phoenicians, Carthaginians, Jews and Arabs), South (Sub-Saharan Africans)
and North (Romans, Vandals, Andalusians (including Moors and Jews). All
those civilizations have had an impact on the social structure of Morocco. It
conceived various forms of beliefs, from paganism, Judaism, and Christianity to
Islam.

The production of Moroccan literature has continued to grow and diversify. To

the traditional genres—poetry, essays, and historiography—have been added
forms inspired by Middle Eastern and Western literary models. French is often
used in publishing research in the social and natural sciences, and in the fields of

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literature and literary studies, works are published in both Arabic and French.
Moroccan writers, such as Mohammed Choukri, Driss Chraïbi, Abdallah Laroui,
Abdelfattah Kilito, and Fatima Mernissi, publish their works in both French and
English. Expatriate writers such as Pierre Loti, William S. Burroughs, and Paul
Bowles have drawn attention to Moroccan writers as well as to the country
itself.

Since independence a veritable blossoming has taken place in painting and

sculpture, popular music, amateur theatre, and filmmaking. The Moroccan
National Theatre (founded 1956) offers regular productions of Moroccan and
French dramatic works. Art and music festivals take place throughout the
country during the summer months, among them the World Sacred Music
Festival at Fès.

Moroccan music, influenced by Arab, Amazigh, African, and Andalusian

traditions, makes use of a number of traditional instruments, such as the flute
(nāy), shawm (ghaita), zither (qanūn), and various short necked lutes (including
the ʿūd and gimbrī). These are often backed by explosive percussion on the
darbūkka (terra-cotta drum). Among the most popular traditional Moroccan
artists internationally are the Master Musicians of Jajouka, an all-male guild
trained from childhood, and Hassan Hakmoun, a master of gnāwa trance music,
a popular spiritual style that traces its roots to sub-Saharan Africa. Younger
Moroccans enjoy raï, a style of plain-speaking Algerian music that incorporates
traditional sounds with those of Western rock, Jamaican reggae, and Egyptian
and Moroccan popular music.

Each region possesses its own specificities, thus contributing to the national
culture and to the legacy of civilization. Morocco has set among its top priorities
the protection of its diverse legacy and the preservation of its cultural heritage.

Culturally speaking, Morocco has always been successful in combining its

Berber, Jewish and Arabic cultural heritage with external influences such as the
French and the Spanish and, during the last decades, the Anglo-American
lifestyles.

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 Raba
t

Rabat, is the capital city of the kingdom of Morocco, the city counts a population of 1.7
million a 2007 estimate, Rabat is also the capital city of the region Rabat-Salé-
Zemmour-Zaer.

Rabat has an important geographic location in central orocco, it is located on the Atlantic
Ocean on board of the Bou Regreg River and a couple miles from the small once
annexed city of Sale, the city hosts a lot of industrial facilities : the textile industry, the
food processing and many major construction companies and international corporations,
Rabat is also the administrative capital of Morocco where major embassies and
consulates reside, Rabat is the second important city in Morocco after the moroccan city
of Casablanca just 60 miles away.

Casablanca

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Casablanca is the largest city in Morocco, North Africa, the city of Casablanca is located
on the Atlantic Ocean, it is also the economic Capital of Morocco, known for its
international port trade activities, the port of Casablanca, Casablanca also hosts one of
the largest airport in Africa, airport Casablanca Mohamed V, Casablanca counts a
population of over 3.3 million, 3.85 million in the greater Casablanca, Thus Casablanca
is considered Morocco's largest city.

Casablanca is the 6th biggest city in the entire continent of Africa, with a majority of the
modern economic sector being based in the Casablanca region, and the Casablanca area
being dominant in industrial and service sector activity.

Fez

Fez, is one of the most known travel destination in Morocco, the city of Fès, known also
as Fez, is the fourth largest city in Morocco, after Casablanca, Rabat, and Marrakech,
with a population of 946,815, Fez is the capital city of the region Fez Boulemane, Fez is
one of the "imperial Moroccan cities, such as Marrakech, Rabat, Meknes and Tangier.

The city is devided in two major areas, the old city of Fez called Fez El Bali, meaning the
old medina and the walled part, and there is the second major area of Fez which is Fes
Jdid or Fes Ejdid meaning the new city or the new medina of Fez, Fez also has the
French-created, newest section of the city of Fez, Fez el
Bali, or Fes el bali is the largest part of the city, and is believed to be the largest
contiguous car-free urban area in the world.

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Marrakech

Marrakesh is a is a very known Moroccan city, the city of Marrakech is the capital city of
the region : Marrakech-Tensift-El Haouz, the city was once called the "The city of gold"
and nowdays is called in Morocco as "Marrakech Al Hamra", it counts a polulation of
1,036,500 (as of 2006), the city is located in southwestern Morocco, by the foothills of
the Atlas Mountains.

The Kingdom of Morocco was once known as "Marrakech" , the origins of the name is

berber tamazight and it means the land of God., Marrakech is a very famous moroccan
travel destination, and of course even more important than other destinations such as
Agadir, Essaouira or Meknes, the city is very known for its huge market place and the
berber shops, Marrakech has the busiest square in the entire continent of Africa, called
"Jamaa El Fena, Djemaa el Fna".

Tangier

Tangier is a fascinating Moroccan city to visit. It has many of the things that
travelers love--a sense of exotic mystery, interesting history, beautiful vistas,
unspoiled beaches, and friendly people. Tangier is an interesting mix of north
Africa, Spain, and France. It is located in north Africa, was under the control of
France for the first half of the 20th century, and is less than 20 miles from Spain
across the Strait of Gibraltar. Frequent ferries make the short crossing from
Europe each day, and many cruise ships sailing between the Mediterranean and
the Atlantic often include Tangier as a port of call. I visited Tangier from the
Windstar Wind Surf and took an excellent half-day shore excursion, "A Taste of
Tangier", which gave us a short time at several Tangier sites. It was just a taste,
but enough to leave us wanting more of Tangier and Morocco.”

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 Morocco
Morocco is a country of multi-ethnic groups with a rich
culture and civilization. Through Moroccan history,
Morocco hosted many people in addition to the
indigenous Berbers, coming from both East
(Phoenicians, Jews and Arabs), South (Moors and Sub-
Saharan Africans) and North (Romans and Vandals). All
of which have had an impact on the social structure of
Morocco. It conceived many forms of beliefs, from
paganism, Judaism, Christianity to Islam.
Each region possesses its own uniqueness, contributing
to the national culture. Morocco has set among its top
priorities the protection of its diversity and the
preservation of its cultural heritage.
In the political world, Morocco is referred to as an Arab
state and sometimes as an African state. The majority of
Morocco's population is Arab by identity. At least a third
of the population speaks the Amazigh language. During
the Islamic expansion, some Arabs came to Morocco and
settled in the flat regions as Tadla and Doukkala. For
example there are groups called Charkawa and Arbawa
who settled in Morocco from Arabia. The Charkawa
claimed to be descended from Umar ibn Al-Khattab, the
second huledcaliph of Islam. and holister.

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 Name

Barbary Lion, often considered the national emblem of Morocco

The full Arabic name al-Mamlaka al-Maġribiyya translates to "The Western Kingdom". Al-
Maġrib (meaning "The West") is commonly used. For historical references, medieval Arab
historians and geographers used to refer to Morocco as Al-Maghrib al Aqşá ("The Farthest
West"), disambiguating it from neighboring historical regions called al-Maghrib al Awsat
("The Middle West", Algeria) and al-Maghrib al Adna ("The Nearest West", Tunisia).

The English name "Morocco" originates from Spanish "Marruecos" or the Portuguese
"Marrocos", from medieval Latin "Morroch", which referred to the name of the former
Almoravid and Almohad capital, Marrakesh. In Persian and Urdu Morocco is simply called
"Marrakesh", just like the pre-modern Arabic name. In Turkish, Morocco is called "Fas"
which comes from the ancient Idrisid and Marinid capital, Fes.

The word "Marrakesh" is derived from the Berber word combination Mur-Akush meaning
Land of God.

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 Languages

Morocco's official language is Modern Standard Arabic. The country's distinctive Arabic
dialect is called Moroccan Arabic. Approximately 10 million (30% of the population), mostly
in rural areas, speak Berber – which exists in Morocco in three different dialects (Tarifit,
Tashelhiyt, and Tamazight) – either as a first language or bilingually with the spoken Arabic
dialect. French, which is Morocco's unofficial second language, is taught universally and
serves as Morocco's primary language of commerce and economics. It also is widely used in
education and government. About 2 millionMoroccans in the northern part of the country
speak Spanish as a second language in parallel with Tarifit. English, while still far behind
French and Spanish in terms of number of speakers, is rapidly becoming the second foreign
language of choice among educated youth. As a result of national education reforms entering
into force in late 2002, English will be taught in all public schools from the fourth year on.
French however, will remain the second foreign language because of Morocco's close
economic and social links with other French-speaking countries and especially France.

Berber
The number of Tarifit dialect was estimated to have around 1.5 million in 1990.[42] The
language is spoken in the Rif area in the north of the country, and is the smallest Berber
dialect in Morocco, by number of speakers. The Tashelhiyt dialect is considered to be the
most widely spoken Berber dialect, as it covers the whole of the Region Souss-Massa-Draâ,
and is also spoken in the Marrakech-Tensift-El Haouz region. Studies done in 1990 show
around 3 million people, concentrated in the south of Morocco, speak the dialect.[43]

Linguistically, Berber belongs to the Afro-Asiatic group, and has many accents or variants.
The three main accents used in Morocco are Tachelhit, Tamazight and Tarifit (Also called
Thamazight by its speakers). Collectively, those Berber languages they are known as
"Chelha" in Moroccan Arabic and as "Barbaria" in Classical Arabic used in the Middle East.
The terms "Barbar" and "Chelha" are considered by most Berber activists as extremely
offending and humiliating. They prefer the word Amazigh.

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